Multi-purpose carburizing furnace with controllable cooling structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a carburizing multipurpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure, and belongs to the field of metal surface treatment equipment, the carburizing multipurpose furnace comprises a carburizing furnace main body, the outer side of the carburizing furnace main body is fixedly connected with a cooling layer matched with the carburizing furnace main body, and the inner wall of the carburizing furnace main body is fixedly connected with a plurality of controllable cooling units; according to the carburizing furnace, the cross-shaped heat conduction rod is used as a heat conduction connecting part between the carburizing furnace body and the cooling layer, cooling air is not prone to being directly blown to a carburizing workpiece, the structural strength of the carburizing workpiece is not prone to being affected, meanwhile, through cooperation of a temperature sensor and an electromagnet, the carburizing furnace body is heated, and the carburizing furnace body is cooled. The length of the cross heat conduction rod extending into the cooling layer is effectively controlled according to the difference between the real-time detection temperature and the preset temperature of the corresponding time period, then the heat dissipation efficiency of the carburizing furnace body is controlled, and controllable cooling of the temperature in the carburizing furnace body is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of metal surface treatment equipment, and in particular to a carburizing multi-purpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure. Background Art

[0002] The carburizing furnace introduces an atmosphere rich in carbon atoms (carburizing medium) into a sealed furnace chamber, enabling low-carbon steel or low-carbon alloy steel workpieces to absorb active carbon atoms on the surface and promoting their diffusion into the interior, thereby forming a carburized layer with a high carbon content on the surface layer of the workpiece. This process aims to significantly enhance the hardness, wear resistance, fatigue strength, and contact fatigue strength of the workpiece surface. At the same time, the process is carefully controlled to ensure that the core of the workpiece can still maintain good toughness and plasticity, ultimately achieving the ideal performance combination of "hard on the surface and tough on the inside" to meet the stringent requirements of key mechanical components such as gears and shafts for long life and high reliability under complex working conditions (such as friction, impact, and alternating loads).

[0003] The specification of Chinese Patent CN202321195118.5 discloses a carburizing multi-purpose furnace equipped with a cooling mechanism. The coolant in the coolant tank is pumped into the cooling pipe through a pump body, thereby cooling the interior of the carburizing furnace. Cooling the interior of the carburizing furnace can improve its performance and functionality. The coolant can flow back into the coolant tank through a second pipe, solving the problem of inconvenient internal cooling of the carburizing furnace and poor functionality. The specification of Chinese Patent CN202020791084.6 discloses a circulating cooling device for a carburizing furnace. The medium-temperature water storage tank collects the water after circulating cooling inside the furnace body. When the furnace body is cooled later, the lift pump first extracts the medium-temperature water stored in the medium-temperature water storage tank to cool the furnace body, and then extracts cooling water to cool the furnace body for a second time, thereby forming a gradient cooling for the furnace body, ensuring the heat treatment quality of the workpieces inside the furnace body and avoiding damage to the furnace body.

[0004] In the prior art, the controlled cooling of the carburizing furnace (including transferring carburized workpieces to a dedicated rapid cooling pit or slow cooling pit) is achieved by adjusting the heating power and controlling the speed of the cooling fan inside the furnace. The protective atmosphere inside the furnace needs to be continuously introduced. On the one hand, the continuous introduction of the protective atmosphere requires corresponding equipment, increasing the operating cost of the carburizing furnace. On the other hand, in order to avoid the directly blown supercooled protective atmosphere onto the carburized workpieces, the protective atmosphere usually needs to be temperature-adjusted, which also increases the energy consumption of the carburizing furnace, raises its operating cost, and affects the economic efficiency of the carburizing furnace. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the above prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the controlled cooling of the carburizing furnace is achieved by adjusting the heating power and controlling the speed of the cooling fan inside the furnace. The protective atmosphere inside the furnace needs to be continuously introduced, increasing its operating cost and affecting the economic efficiency of the carburizing furnace.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a carburizing multi-purpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure, including a carburizing furnace main body. One end of the carburizing furnace main body is provided with a feeding port, and a feeding door matching itself is hinged in the feeding port. The outer side of the carburizing furnace main body is fixedly connected with a cooling layer matching itself. The lower side wall of the cooling layer is fixedly connected with a base. The two ends of the cooling layer are respectively fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively communicated with the cooling layer and the outside. The inner wall of the carburizing furnace main body is fixedly connected with a plurality of controllable cooling units; Each of the plurality of controllable cooling units includes a power part. A plurality of connecting piles are fixedly connected between each of the plurality of power parts and the inner wall of the carburizing furnace main body. The inner bottom plate of the power part is fixedly connected with an electromagnet. The power part is slidably connected with a heat-insulating push plate matching itself. One end of the heat-insulating push plate close to the electromagnet is fixedly connected with a magnetic block matching the electromagnet. The outer side of the electromagnet is sleeved with a first compression spring. The two ends of the first compression spring are respectively fixedly connected with the magnetic block and the inner wall of the power part. One end of the heat-insulating push plate far from the electromagnet is fixedly connected with a cross-shaped heat-conducting rod. One end of the cross-shaped heat-conducting rod far from the heat-insulating push plate is fixedly connected with a cross-shaped sealing block. The cross-shaped heat-conducting rod and the cross-shaped sealing block penetrate through the carburizing furnace main body, and the cross-shaped sealing block is embedded in the carburizing furnace main body. A temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the power part.

[0007] In the above carburizing multi-purpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure, the cross-shaped heat-conducting rod is used as the heat-conducting connection part between the carburizing furnace main body and the cooling layer, and the cooling air is not easily directly blown to the carburized workpiece, so as to realize the controllable cooling of the temperature in the carburizing furnace main body.

[0008] As a further supplement of the present application, the plurality of connecting piles and the cross part of the cross-shaped heat-conducting rod are staggered, reducing the shielding of the connecting piles on the cross-shaped heat-conducting rod and increasing the heat dissipation effect of the cross-shaped heat-conducting rod.

[0009] As a further supplement of the present application, the cooling layer includes a shell. A pair of flow guiding covers matching the controllable cooling units are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell. Both of the two flow guiding covers are inclined from the feeding door to the direction of the controllable cooling unit matching itself, so that the outside air entering the cooling layer through the air inlet pipe is more likely to contact the cross-shaped heat-conducting rod after being guided by the flow guiding cover.

[0010] As a further supplement of the present application, a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the cross-shaped heat-conducting rod. The plurality of ventilation holes are divided into two large groups and are respectively located on the two side parts at both ends of the cross-shaped heat-conducting rod. On the one hand, it increases the surface area of the cross-shaped heat-conducting rod and improves its heat exchange effect. On the other hand, it reduces the shielding formed by the cross-shaped cross-shaped heat-conducting rod on itself.

[0011] As a further supplement to this application, the length of the ventilation holes along the axial direction of the power part is less than the thickness of the outer wall of the carburizing furnace body, so that the ventilation holes are not easily connected to the two parts of the carburizing furnace body and the cooling layer, and it is not easy to cause the leakage of the atmosphere inside the carburizing furnace body, and it is not easy to cause production safety accidents.

[0012] As a further supplement to this application, the base is a cavity structure. One end of the cooling layer close to the feed door is fixedly connected with a mounting table. A safety unit is threadedly connected inside the mounting table. The safety unit includes an outer tube threadedly connected to the mounting table. The inner cavity diameter of the outer tube is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. A sealed glass ball is placed in the lower inner cavity of the outer tube. A second compression spring is fixedly connected between the sealed glass ball and the outer tube. An annular groove matching the second compression spring is drilled on the bottom plate of the groove of the outer tube, reducing the probability of the cooling layer bursting and increasing the safety of using the carburizing furnace body.

[0013] As a further supplement to this application, a net fence is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer tube, and a collecting part is fixedly connected to the lower end of the net fence. When the bottom of the outer tube is broken, the fragments of the outer tube and the second compression spring will fall into the collecting part. At the same time, the sealed glass ball will collide with the bottom of the outer tube and break, and also fall into the collecting part, which is convenient for subsequent unified recycling.

[0014] As a further supplement to this application, a plurality of collecting units are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collecting part. The plurality of collecting units intersect with each other to form a three-dimensional space structure. The collecting units are elastic rubber strips, so that the fragments of the outer tube, the second compression spring and the sealed glass ball falling into the collecting part are not easy to fly out.

[0015] As a further supplement to this application, an operation port is drilled at one end of the cooling layer close to the mounting table. A viewing window matching itself is hinged in the operation port, which is convenient for the staff to detect and replace the safety unit during daily maintenance.

[0016] To sum up, in this application, the cross-shaped heat conduction rod is used as the heat conduction connection part between the carburizing furnace body and the cooling layer. The cooling air is not easy to directly blow to the carburized workpiece, and it is not easy to affect the structural strength of the carburized workpiece. At the same time, through the cooperation of the temperature sensor and the electromagnet, according to the difference between the real-time detected temperature and the preset temperature in the corresponding time period, the length of the cross-shaped heat conduction rod extending into the cooling layer is effectively controlled, and then the heat dissipation efficiency of the carburizing furnace body is controlled, so as to realize the controllable cooling of the temperature in the carburizing furnace body.

[0017] At the same time, a safety unit is set. When there is a risk of bursting in the cooling layer, the cooling layer is connected to the cavity part of the base, increasing the space in the area where the cooling layer is located, reducing the probability of the cooling layer bursting, and increasing the safety of using the carburizing furnace body. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of the carburizing multi-purpose furnace according to the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 Top view cross-sectional view of the carburizing multi-purpose furnace according to the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the controllable temperature reduction unit according to the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 Cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the controllable temperature reduction unit according to the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 For Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at position A in Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the carburizing multi-purpose furnace according to the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 Cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the carburizing multi-purpose furnace at the safety unit according to the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 For Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure at position B in Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the safety unit according to the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 Cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the safety unit according to the second embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 1 carburizing furnace main body, 2 feed door, 3 cooling layer, 301 housing, 302 guide cover, 4 base, 5 intake pipe, 6 exhaust pipe, 7 controllable temperature reduction unit, 701 power part, 702 connecting pile, 703 electromagnet, 704 heat insulation push plate, 705 magnetic block, 706 first compression spring, 707 temperature sensor, 708 cross heat conduction rod, 709 air vent, 710 cross sealing block, 8 observation window, 9 installation table, 10 outer tube, 11 sealed glass ball, 12 second compression spring, 13 annular groove, 14 mesh fence, 15 collection part, 16 collection unit. Specific embodiments

[0020] The following will make a detailed description of the two embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The first embodiment: Figures 1-5Disclosed is a carburizing multi-purpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure, including a carburizing furnace body 1. One end of the carburizing furnace body 1 is provided with a feeding port, and a feeding door 2 matching itself is hinged in the feeding port. The outer side of the carburizing furnace body 1 is fixedly connected with a cooling layer 3 matching itself. The lower side wall of the cooling layer 3 is fixedly connected with a base 4. The two ends of the cooling layer 3 are respectively fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe 5 and an air outlet pipe 6, and the air inlet pipe 5 and the air outlet pipe 6 are respectively communicated with the cooling layer 3 and the outside. The inner wall of the carburizing furnace body 1 is fixedly connected with a plurality of controllable cooling units 7; The plurality of controllable cooling units 7 all include a power part 701. A plurality of connecting piles 702 are fixedly connected between the plurality of power parts 701 and the inner wall of the carburizing furnace body 1. The inner bottom plate of the power part 701 is fixedly connected with an electromagnet 703. The power part 701 is slidably connected with a heat-insulating push plate 704 matching itself. One end of the heat-insulating push plate 704 close to the electromagnet 703 is fixedly connected with a magnetic block 705 matching the electromagnet 703. The outside of the electromagnet 703 is sleeved with a first compression spring 706. The two ends of the first compression spring 706 are respectively fixedly connected with the magnetic block 705 and the inner wall of the power part 701. One end of the heat-insulating push plate 704 far from the electromagnet 703 is fixedly connected with a cross heat-conducting rod 708. One end of the cross heat-conducting rod 708 far from the heat-insulating push plate 704 is fixedly connected with a cross sealing block 710. The cross heat-conducting rod 708 and the cross sealing block 710 penetrate through the carburizing furnace body 1, and the cross sealing block 710 is embedded in the carburizing furnace body 1. A temperature sensor 707 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the power part 701.

[0022] Particularly, in this application, a feeding track (for feeding) and a workbench (for placing carburized workpieces) and other structures should also be arranged in the carburizing furnace body 1. At the same time, the outer shell part of the carburizing furnace body 1 is made of heat-insulating materials, and a corresponding heating structure is arranged to ensure that the carburizing furnace body 1 of this application can work normally. The air inlet pipe 5 needs to be communicated with an air pump to fill the cooling layer 3 with external air, and the air outlet pipe 6 needs to be communicated with a special waste gas device to cool the high-temperature gas, so as to avoid directly discharging the overheated gas into the working environment of the carburizing furnace body 1 and reducing the impact on the working environment. This is the common knowledge of those skilled in the art, so it is not detailedly disclosed in this application. Those skilled in the art can make reasonable settings according to actual needs.

[0023] In addition, in this application, when controlling the cooling work in the carburizing furnace body 1, a cooling time line needs to be designed in advance, that is, in a certain time period, the temperature in the carburizing furnace body 1 needs to be reduced to a pre-set temperature. This is the common knowledge of those skilled in the art, and those skilled in the art can also make settings according to actual needs.

[0024] In this application, when the carburizing furnace body 1 is performing carburizing work, the electromagnet 703 is at the maximum power, and the heat-insulating push plate 704 and the cross heat-conducting rod 708 are adsorbed onFigure 4 At the position shown, the power unit 701 is located at the outer wall of the carburizing furnace body 1, forming a sealed structure, so that the high-temperature atmosphere in the carburizing furnace body 1 is not easily led to the inside of the carburizing furnace body 1. When the carburizing furnace is in the controlled cooling stage, the temperature sensor 707 is used to detect the temperature where the current controllable cooling unit 7 is located, and the electromagnet 703 reduces its own power. At this time, the suction force between the electromagnet 703 and the magnetic block 705 decreases. Under the action of the compression spring 706 in the compressed state, the heat insulation push plate 704 and the cross heat conduction rod 708 are pushed towards the cooling layer 3, and part of the cross heat conduction rod 708 is pushed into the cooling layer 3. At the same time, room temperature air is filled into the cooling layer 3 by using the base 4, and the cross heat conduction rod 708 is used as a heat conduction structure to realize indirect heat dissipation in the carburizing furnace body 1, and the length of the cross heat conduction rod 708 extending into the cooling layer 3 is controlled by controlling the power of the electromagnet 703, thereby controlling the heat dissipation efficiency in the carburizing furnace body 1, and finally realizing the control of the temperature reduction in the carburizing furnace body 1.

[0025] In addition, the temperature sensor 707 only detects in a preset time period, and the detection frequency of the temperature sensor 707 is set by the technical personnel. When the carburized workpiece is more sensitive to temperature, the detection frequency of the temperature sensor 707 is higher. On the contrary, the detection frequency of the temperature sensor 707 is lower. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 707 is less than the preset temperature in the current time period, it means that the heat dissipation is too fast. At this time, the power of the electromagnet 703 is increased, and the part of the cross heat conduction rod 708 located in the cooling layer 3 is reduced. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 707 is greater than the preset temperature in the current time period, it means that the heat dissipation is too fast. At this time, the power of the electromagnet 703 is reduced, and the part of the cross heat conduction rod 708 located in the cooling layer 3 is increased. The specific amount of power increase and decrease of the electromagnet 703 is determined by the difference between the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 707 in real time and the preset temperature.

[0026] In addition, in this application, both the power unit 701 and the heat insulation push plate 704 are heat insulation materials, which reduces the influence of the carburizing process temperature on the electromagnet 703, the magnetic block 705 and the compression spring 706. At the same time, a ventilation hole can be drilled at one end of the temperature sensor 707 close to the electromagnet 703, and a matching heat insulation plug is inserted. After the carburizing furnace body 1 works for a period of time, the heat insulation plug is opened to dissipate the accumulated heat of the electromagnet 703 to ensure the working state of the electromagnet 703. When the heat insulation push plate 704 is in the middle position in the power unit 701, the electromagnet 703 is in a low-power working state and compresses the compression spring 706 to form a compression. At this time, the air pressures on both sides of the heat insulation push plate 704 in the power unit 701 are both standard atmospheric pressures. When the electromagnet 703 adsorbs the heat insulation push plate 704, the air in the area where the electromagnet 703 is located is high-pressure air under pressure, so that the heat insulation push plate 704 is not easily blocked by the air pressure and moves more smoothly.

[0027] Specifically, a ventilation hole can be drilled at one end of the power unit 701 away from the electromagnet 703 to further increase the smoothness of the movement of the heat insulation push plate 704.

[0028] The multiple connecting piles 702 are staggered with the cross part of the cross heat conducting rod 708, reducing the shielding of the cross heat conducting rod 708 by the connecting piles 702 and increasing the heat dissipation effect of the cross heat conducting rod 708. The cooling layer 3 includes a housing 301, and a pair of flow guiding covers 302 whose positions match those of the controllable temperature reduction unit 7 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 301. Both of the two flow guiding covers 302 are inclined from the feed door 2 towards the direction of the controllable temperature reduction unit 7 with a matching position, so that the outside air entering the cooling layer 3 through the air inlet pipe 5 is more likely to come into contact with the cross heat conducting rod 708 after being guided by the flow guiding covers 302.

[0029] A plurality of ventilation holes 709 are drilled in the cross heat conducting rod 708. The plurality of ventilation holes 709 are divided into two large groups, which are respectively located at the two end side parts of the cross heat conducting rod 708. On the one hand, the surface area of the cross heat conducting rod 708 is increased, enhancing its heat exchange effect. On the other hand, the shielding formed by the cross-shaped cross heat conducting rod 708 on itself is reduced. The length of the ventilation holes 709 along the axial direction of the power unit 701 is less than the thickness of the outer wall of the carburizing furnace main body 1, so that the ventilation holes 709 are not easily connected to the two parts of the carburizing furnace main body 1 and the cooling layer 3, and it is not easy to cause the leakage of the atmosphere inside the carburizing furnace main body 1, and it is not easy to cause production safety accidents.

[0030] In this application, the cross heat conducting rod 708 is used as the heat conducting connection part between the carburizing furnace main body 1 and the cooling layer 3. The cooling air is not easily directly blown to the carburized workpiece, and it is not easy to affect the structural strength of the carburized workpiece. At the same time, through the cooperation of the temperature sensor 707 and the electromagnet 703, according to the difference between the real-time detected temperature and the preset temperature in the corresponding time period, the length of the cross heat conducting rod 708 extending into the cooling layer 3 is effectively controlled, and then the heat dissipation efficiency of the carburizing furnace main body 1 is controlled, realizing the controllable temperature reduction of the temperature inside the carburizing furnace main body 1.

[0031] In addition, for the electrical structures in this application, including but not limited to the power supply and control methods of the electromagnet 703 and the temperature sensor 707, they are all well-known technologies to those skilled in the art, so they are not detailedly disclosed in this application. Those skilled in the art can make reasonable settings according to the existing technologies to meet the usage requirements of this application.

[0032] The second implementation manner: Figures 5-10Disclosed is a multi-purpose carburizing furnace with a controllable cooling structure. The base 4 is a cavity structure. One end of the cooling layer 3 close to the feeding door 2 is fixedly connected with an installation table 9. The installation table 9 is internally threaded with a safety unit. The safety unit includes an outer tube 10 threadedly connected with the installation table 9. The inner cavity diameter of the outer tube 10 is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. A sealed glass ball 11 is placed in the lower inner cavity of the outer tube 10. A second compression spring 12 is fixedly connected between the sealed glass ball 11 and the outer tube 10. An annular groove 13 matching the position of the second compression spring 12 is drilled on the groove bottom plate of the outer tube 10.

[0033] When the carburizing furnace body 1 is in the process of cooling down, the air flow rate in the cooling layer 3 is relatively low. When the temperature in the cooling layer 3 is too high, it will cause the air pressure in the cooling layer 3 to rise accordingly, and then there is a risk of bursting of the cooling layer 3. At this time, under the action of high-pressure air, the sealed glass ball 11 is pushed to form a pressure on the bottom of the outer tube 10 by using the second compression spring 12 until the bottom of the outer tube 10 is torn along the direction of the annular groove 13, connecting the cooling layer 3 with the cavity part of the base 4, increasing the space in the area where the cooling layer 3 is located, reducing the probability of bursting of the cooling layer 3, and increasing the safety of using the carburizing furnace body 1.

[0034] At the same time, a pressure sensor can be set in the base 4. When the air pressure in the base 4 suddenly increases and lasts for 3 - 5 minutes, an alarm is issued to remind the staff that the safety unit may be activated and arrange for the staff to carry out inspection work.

[0035] The lower end of the outer tube 10 is fixedly connected with a mesh fence 14. The lower end of the mesh fence 14 is fixedly connected with a collection part 15. When the bottom of the outer tube 10 is broken, the fragments of the outer tube 10 and the second compression spring 12 will fall into the collection part 15. At the same time, the sealed glass ball 11 collides with the bottom of the outer tube 10 and breaks, and also falls into the collection part 15, which is convenient for subsequent unified recycling.

[0036] Among them, when the sealed glass ball 11 is produced, defects can be accumulated in the sealed glass ball 11 by rapid cooling, making it easier to break when being impacted.

[0037] A plurality of collection units 16 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection part 15. The plurality of collection units 16 are interlaced to form a three-dimensional space structure. The collection unit 16 is an elastic rubber strip, so that the fragments of the outer tube 10, the second compression spring 12 and the sealed glass ball 11 falling into the collection part 15 are not easy to fly out.

[0038] An operation port is drilled at one end of the cooling layer 3 close to the installation table 9. A viewing window 8 matching itself is hinge-connected in the operation port, which is convenient for the staff to detect and replace the safety unit during daily maintenance.

[0039] In this embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, a safety unit is provided. When there is a risk of explosion in the cooling layer 3, the cooling layer 3 is connected to the cavity part of the base 4 to increase the space in the area where the cooling layer 3 is located, reduce the probability of explosion of the cooling layer 3, and increase the safety of using the carburizing furnace body 1.

[0040] Combined with the current actual requirements, the above-mentioned embodiments adopted in this application are not limited to this scope. Within the knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes made without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carburizing multi-purpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure, comprising a carburizing furnace body (1), characterized in that: One end of the carburizing furnace body (1) is provided with a feed inlet, and a feed door (2) matching itself is hinged in the feed inlet. The outer side of the carburizing furnace body (1) is fixedly connected with a cooling layer (3) matching itself. The lower side wall of the cooling layer (3) is fixedly connected with a base (4). The two ends of the cooling layer (3) are respectively fixedly connected with an intake pipe (5) and an exhaust pipe (6), and the intake pipe (5) and the exhaust pipe (6) are respectively communicated with the cooling layer (3) and the outside. The inner wall of the carburizing furnace body (1) is fixedly connected with a plurality of controllable temperature reduction units (7); A plurality of the controllable temperature reduction units (7) each include a power part (701). A plurality of connecting piles (702) are fixedly connected between the plurality of power parts (701) and the inner wall of the carburizing furnace body (1). The inner bottom plate of the power part (701) is fixedly connected with an electromagnet (703). The power part (701) is slidably connected with a heat-insulating push plate (704) matching itself. One end of the heat-insulating push plate (704) close to the electromagnet (703) is fixedly connected with a magnetic block (705) matching the electromagnet (703). A compression spring I (706) is sleeved outside the electromagnet (703). The two ends of the compression spring I (706) are respectively fixedly connected with the magnetic block (705) and the inner wall of the power part (701). One end of the heat-insulating push plate (704) far from the electromagnet (703) is fixedly connected with a cross-shaped heat conduction rod (708). One end of the cross-shaped heat conduction rod (708) far from the heat-insulating push plate (704) is fixedly connected with a cross-shaped sealing block (710). The cross-shaped heat conduction rod (708) and the cross-shaped sealing block (710) penetrate through the carburizing furnace body (1), and the cross-shaped sealing block (710) is embedded in the carburizing furnace body (1). A temperature sensor (707) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the power part (701).

2. The carburizing multi-purpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of connecting piles (702) and the cross part of the cross-shaped heat conduction rod (708) are staggered.

3. The carburizing multi-purpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling layer (3) includes a housing (301). A pair of flow guiding covers (302) matching the controllable temperature reduction units (7) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (301). The two flow guiding covers (302) are both inclined from the feed door (2) towards the direction of the controllable temperature reduction units (7) matching themselves.

4. A carburizing multi-purpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of air permeation holes (709) are formed in the cross-shaped heat conduction rod (708). The plurality of air permeation holes (709) are divided into two large groups and are respectively located at the two end side parts of the cross-shaped heat conduction rod (708).

5. A carburizing multi-purpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the air permeation hole (709) along the axial direction of the power part (701) is less than the thickness of the outer wall of the carburizing furnace body (1).

6. The carburizing multi-purpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (4) has a cavity structure. One end of the cooling layer (3) close to the feed door (2) is fixedly connected with a mounting table (9). A safety unit is threadedly connected inside the mounting table (9). The safety unit includes an outer tube (10) threadedly connected to the mounting table (9). The inner cavity diameter of the outer tube (10) is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. A sealed glass ball (11) is placed in the lower inner cavity of the outer tube (10). A second compression spring (12) is fixedly connected between the sealed glass ball (11) and the outer tube (10). An annular groove (13) matching the second compression spring (12) in position is drilled on the groove bottom plate of the outer tube (10).

7. A carburizing multi-purpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower end of the outer tube (10) is fixedly connected with a wire mesh fence (14). The lower end of the wire mesh fence (14) is fixedly connected with a collection part (15).

8. A carburizing multi-purpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of collection units (16) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection part (15). The plurality of collection units (16) intersect with each other to form a three-dimensional space structure. The collection unit (16) is an elastic rubber strip.

9. A carburizing multi-purpose furnace with a controllable cooling structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: An operation opening is drilled at one end of the cooling layer (3) close to the mounting table (9). An observation window (8) matching itself is hinge-connected inside the operation opening.

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