Permeable pavement structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a water permeable pavement structure, and relates to the technical field of water permeable pavements. When a water permeable brick at a certain position inclines and sinks, the relative horizontal posture between the water permeable brick and the adjacent water permeable brick can be broken, and the height difference is shown; two adjacent and opposite water seepage holes which are horizontally plugged mutually have a fall synchronously, and the water seepage holes in the sides of the sunken water permeable bricks can be directly exposed in the dark pits below, so that some infiltrated accumulated water can be accumulated in the dark pits more or less in rainy seasons; columnar channels on the outer sides of the water seepage holes corresponding to the edge sides of the sunken water permeable bricks can be directly exposed in accumulated water, so that the accumulated water between the water permeable bricks and the base layer easily permeates into water seepage materials in the water seepage holes, and continuously permeates into expansive soil in the expansion cavities through the water seepage materials in the water seepage holes; when the expansive soil in the expansion and shrinkage cavity is subjected to water, self-adaptive expansion occurs, and adaptive filling of a pit between the expansion and shrinkage cavity and a base layer is achieved through the protrusion change of the flexible contact surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of permeable pavements, and specifically to a permeable pavement structure. Background Art

[0002] A permeable brick is a brick-shaped material with water permeability made through a special process, mainly sintered at high temperature from raw materials such as clay, shale, and coal gangue. Its surface has a microporous structure, which can quickly penetrate rainwater and effectively relieve the urban drainage pressure.

[0003] The water permeability principle of the permeable brick is that the gaps inside the material are sufficient and allow water to infiltrate under its own gravity. The infiltration of water is selective and will preferentially choose the channels with less resistance (slightly larger gaps) to infiltrate. Limited by the processing technology, the water infiltration gaps inside the permeable brick cannot be made absolutely the same. Therefore, water will uniformly and preferentially choose the slightly larger gaps to infiltrate. Under the long-term "water flow breakdown" effect, the gaps will become larger and larger, and eventually, when the upper part of the permeable brick is under pressure, it is easy to break from the gaps, and further cause the accumulated water to directly flow down to the base layer through the cross-section, forming hidden pits concentrated in one or more places; In addition, during the rainy season, the permeable brick absorbs and loses water frequently, and with the movement of vehicles and pedestrians on the road, it is easy to cause powdering at the bottom edge where the permeable brick directly contacts and rubs against the base layer. The degree of wear is much higher than other surfaces of the permeable brick, which is also one of the main reasons for the easy occurrence of hidden pits and accumulated water between the permeable brick and the base layer.

[0004] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need to innovate and design on the basis of the original permeable brick. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention provides a solution significantly different from the prior art for the technical problem that the prior art solution is too single. Specifically, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a permeable pavement structure to solve the problem that the infiltration of water is selective and will preferentially choose the channels with less resistance (slightly larger gaps) to infiltrate as mentioned in the above background art. Limited by the processing technology, the water infiltration gaps inside the permeable brick cannot be made absolutely the same. Therefore, water will uniformly and preferentially choose the slightly larger gaps to infiltrate. Under the long-term "water flow breakdown" effect, the gaps will become larger and larger, and eventually, when the upper part of the permeable brick is under pressure, it is easy to break from the gaps, and further cause the accumulated water to directly flow down to the base layer through the cross-section, forming hidden pits concentrated in one or more places.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A permeable pavement structure includes permeable bricks, and also includes a strengthening bottom plate fixed to the lower surface of the permeable bricks to relieve the wear degree between the permeable bricks and the base layer, a flexible contact surface evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the strengthening bottom plate that adaptively expands and contracts according to the moisture condition to adjust the gap with the base layer, and a swelling and shrinking cavity correspondingly opened above the flexible contact surface; The expansion and contraction cavity is filled with expansive soil.

[0007] Preferably, the inside of the reinforced bottom plate is evenly provided with water permeable holes that are vertically distributed and cooperate with the water seepage of the permeable bricks.

[0008] Preferably, the flexible contact surface is designed in a disc shape; The flexible contact surface realizes the sealing of the lower end of the expansion and contraction cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the side of the reinforced bottom plate is evenly provided with water seepage holes corresponding to the expansion and contraction cavities one by one.

[0010] Preferably, the water seepage hole is composed of a spherical cavity at the center and two symmetric columnar channels on both sides.

[0011] Preferably, the inside of the spherical cavity is filled with water permeable material; One of the columnar channels penetrates through the side of the reinforced bottom plate; The other columnar channel is connected to the expansion and contraction cavity in a penetrating manner.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: As the laying time of the permeable pavement increases, due to the impact of non-motor vehicles and pedestrians on the base layer through the permeable pavement and the frequent infiltration of accumulated water, inevitable dark pits and accumulated water will appear between the permeable pavement and the underlying base layer, resulting in the destruction of the relative horizontal posture of the permeable bricks, forcing the permeable bricks to tilt and sink towards the underlying dark pits. Assuming that there is a dark pit under a certain permeable brick, the permeable brick will inevitably tilt and sink towards the underlying dark pit. Once the permeable brick tilts and sinks, the relative horizontal posture between adjacent permeable bricks will be broken and a height difference will appear, and the two water seepage holes that are relatively opposite and horizontally sealed with each other will synchronously show a height difference, and the water seepage hole on the side of the sunken permeable brick will be directly exposed to the underlying dark pit. During the rainy season, due to more or less accumulated infiltrated water in the dark pit, the outer columnar channel of the water seepage hole corresponding to the side of the sunken permeable brick will be directly exposed to the accumulated water. Therefore, the accumulated water between the permeable brick and the base layer can easily penetrate into the water permeable material inside the water seepage hole, and continue to penetrate into the expansive soil inside the expansion and contraction cavity through the water permeable material inside the water seepage hole. When the expansive soil inside the expansion and contraction cavity is affected by water, it will undergo self-adaptive expansion, and through the convex change of the flexible contact surface, it realizes the adaptive "filling" of the dark pit between the permeable brick and the base layer, rather than complete filling, and plays a certain flexible supporting role, which can effectively alleviate the problem that when walking or a non-motor vehicle passes through the permeable brick during the rainy season, the accumulated water in the dark pit is squeezed and splashed out. Expansive soil has a well-known disadvantage: it expands and softens when it absorbs water, and shrinks and cracks when it loses water. This cracking property can cause significant damage to engineering facilities and is known as "engineering cancer." However, in the present invention, this disadvantage is "just right." When absorbing water, the expansive soil inside the expansion and contraction cavity will undergo flexible expansion. As the water subsequently evaporates and dissipates, the expansive soil inside the expansion and contraction cavity, which has undergone flexible expansion, will gradually lose water and harden, achieving the additional effect of a rigid filling. In addition, a reinforced base plate is connected to the bottom of the permeable brick. The material of the reinforced base plate is relatively hard and not easy to pulverize. At the same time, the design of the permeable holes will not affect the overall permeability of the permeable brick, and can effectively alleviate the high-frequency water absorption and loss during the rainy season, coupled with the influence of vehicles and pedestrians on the road, which can easily cause the bottom edge of the permeable brick to be in direct contact and friction with the base layer to become pulverized, thereby alleviating the high frequency of hidden pits and water accumulation between the permeable brick and the base layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of an arrangement and combination of several permeable bricks of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a second three-dimensional structural diagram of an arrangement and combination of several permeable bricks of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of two adjacent permeable bricks of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the permeable brick of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reinforced bottom plate of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure after the flexible contact surface on the lower surface of the reinforced bottom plate of the present invention is removed.

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the permeable brick of the present invention after being cut open.

[0020] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Permeable brick; 2. Reinforced bottom plate; 21. Permeable hole; 22. Expansion and contraction cavity; 3. Flexible contact surface; 4. Seepage hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a permeable pavement structure, including permeable bricks 1, and further including a strengthening bottom plate 2 fixed to the lower surface of the permeable bricks 1 to relieve the wear degree between the permeable bricks 1 and the base layer, a flexible contact surface 3 uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the strengthening bottom plate 2 that adaptively expands and contracts to adjust the gap with the base layer based on the moisture condition, and a swelling and shrinking cavity 22 correspondingly opened above the flexible contact surface 3; The swelling and shrinking cavity 22 is filled with expansive soil.

[0024] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown is the pavement structure formed by arranging and combining several permeable bricks 1 in the present invention, and Figure 1 and Figure 2 are only one of the majority of arrangement and combination forms, including the combination form of semi-dislocation between two adjacent permeable bricks 1, which can also be used as one of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] The interior of the strengthening bottom plate 2 is uniformly provided with vertical permeable holes 21 that cooperate with the water seepage of the permeable bricks 1.

[0026] In this embodiment, under normal circumstances, that is, when the permeable pavement structure is in close contact with the underlying base layer and there are no hidden pits or other situations, the permeable bricks 1 and the strengthening bottom plate 2 will maintain a relatively horizontal posture. When draining water, the water will seep downward along the gaps between the permeable bricks 1 under the action of its own gravity. When it reaches the strengthening bottom plate 2, it will pass through the uniformly vertically opened permeable holes 21 on the strengthening bottom plate 2 and continue to seep downward and smoothly enter the base layer.

[0027] The flexible contact surface 3 is designed in a disc shape; The flexible contact surface 3 seals the lower end of the swelling and shrinking cavity 22.

[0028] The side of the strengthening bottom plate 2 is uniformly provided with water seepage holes 4 corresponding to the swelling and shrinking cavities 22 one by one.

[0029] In this embodiment, a reinforcing bottom plate 2 is connected below the permeable brick 1. The material of the reinforcing bottom plate 2 is hard and not easily pulverized. At the same time, due to the design of the permeable holes 21, it will not affect the overall water permeability of the permeable brick 1, and can effectively alleviate the situation that the bottom edge of the permeable brick 1 in direct contact and friction with the base layer is prone to pulverization due to the high-frequency water absorption and water loss during the rainy season and the passing of vehicles and pedestrians on the road, thereby being able to alleviate the frequent occurrence of dark pits and water accumulation between the permeable brick 1 and the base layer.

[0030] The water seepage hole 4 is composed of a spherical cavity at the center and two symmetric columnar channels on both sides.

[0031] In this embodiment, as the laying time of the permeable road surface increases, due to the impact of non-motor vehicles and pedestrians passing through the permeable road surface on the base layer and the frequent infiltration of accumulated water, it is inevitable that dark pits and water accumulation will occur between the permeable road surface and the underlying base layer, resulting in the destruction of the relative horizontal posture of the permeable brick 1, forcing the permeable brick 1 to tilt and sink towards the underlying dark pit, as Figure 3 shown. Assuming that a dark pit appears below the right permeable brick 1, the right permeable brick 1 will inevitably tilt and sink towards the underlying dark pit. Once the right permeable brick 1 tilts and sinks, then as Figure 3 shown, the relative horizontal posture between the left and right permeable bricks 1 will be broken and present a height difference, and the two water seepage holes 4 that are opposite to each other and form a horizontal seal with each other will synchronously have a height difference. Moreover, the water seepage hole 4 on the side of the sunken permeable brick 1 on the right will be directly exposed in the underlying dark pit. During the rainy season, due to more or less accumulated infiltrated water in the dark pit, the outer columnar channel of the water seepage hole 4 corresponding to the side of the sunken permeable brick 1 will be directly exposed in the accumulated water.

[0032] The inside of the spherical cavity is filled with a water-permeable material; In this embodiment, the water-permeable material filled inside the spherical cavity can be the same water-permeable material as that of the permeable brick 1, or other water-permeable materials not mentioned in the present invention.

[0033] One columnar channel penetrates through the side of the reinforcing bottom plate 2; The other columnar channel is connected to the expansion and contraction cavity 22 in a through manner.

[0034] In this embodiment, the accumulated water between the permeable brick 1 and the base layer can easily penetrate into the permeable material inside the permeable holes 4, and then continue to penetrate into the expansive soil inside the expansion and contraction cavity 22 through the permeable material inside the permeable holes 4. When the expansive soil inside the expansion and contraction cavity 22 is wetted, it will expand adaptively. Expansive soil is a special cohesive soil containing a large amount of hydrophilic clay minerals, and its main characteristic is that its volume expands and softens after absorbing water. After the expansive soil expands due to water, it will evenly push up the flexible contact surface 3 downward, and realize the adaptive "filling" of the sunken pit between it and the base layer through the volume expansion change at the bottom of the reinforcement bottom plate 2, rather than complete filling, and it plays a certain flexible supporting role, which can effectively alleviate the problem that when walking or non-motor vehicles pass through the permeable brick 1 during the rainy season, the accumulated water in the sunken pit is squeezed and splashed out.

[0035] Working principle: When using this permeable road surface structure, first, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the road surface structure formed by arranging and combining several permeable bricks 1 in the present invention, and Figure 1 and Figure 2 are only one of the majority of arrangement and combination forms, including the semi-displaced combination form between two adjacent permeable bricks 1, which can also be used as one of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that under normal circumstances, that is, when the permeable road surface structure is in close contact with the underlying base layer and no sunken pits or other situations occur, the permeable brick 1 and the reinforcement bottom plate 2 will maintain a relatively horizontal posture. During drainage, water will seep downward along the gaps between the permeable bricks 1 under the action of its own gravity. When it reaches the reinforcement bottom plate 2, it will continue to seep downward through the uniformly vertically opened permeable holes 21 on the reinforcement bottom plate 2 and smoothly enter the base layer.

[0037] As the laying time of the permeable road surface increases, due to the impact of non-motor vehicles and pedestrians passing through the permeable road surface on the base layer and the frequent infiltration of accumulated water, it is inevitable that sunken pits and accumulated water will appear between the permeable road surface and the underlying base layer, resulting in the destruction of the relatively horizontal posture of the permeable brick 1, forcing the permeable brick 1 to tilt and sink towards the underlying sunken pit. As Figure 3 shown, assuming that a sunken pit appears under the right permeable brick 1, the right permeable brick 1 will inevitably tilt and sink towards the underlying sunken pit. Once the right permeable brick 1 tilts and sinks, then as Figure 3The relatively horizontal postures between the left and right permeable bricks 1 shown will be broken and present a height difference, causing the same height difference to occur synchronously in the two water seepage holes 4 that are opposite to each other and horizontally sealed with each other. Moreover, the water seepage holes 4 on the side of the sunken permeable brick 1 on the right will be directly exposed to the dark pit below. During the rainy season, more or less accumulated infiltrated rainwater will exist in the dark pit, and the columnar channels outside the water seepage holes 4 corresponding to the side of the sunken permeable brick 1 will be directly exposed to the accumulated water. Therefore, the accumulated water between the permeable brick 1 and the base layer can easily penetrate into the water seepage material inside the water seepage hole 4, and continue to penetrate into the expansive soil inside the expansion and contraction cavity 22 through the water seepage material inside the water seepage hole 4. When the expansive soil inside the expansion and contraction cavity 22 is wetted, it will undergo self-adaptive expansion.

[0038] Among them, expansive soil is a special cohesive soil containing a large amount of hydrophilic clay minerals. Its main characteristic is that its volume expands and softens after absorbing water. After the expansive soil expands due to water absorption, it will evenly push the flexible contact surface 3 downward, and realize the adaptive "filling" of the dark pit between it and the base layer through the volume expansion change at the bottom of the reinforced bottom plate 2. It does not achieve complete filling, but plays a certain flexible support role, which can effectively alleviate the problem that when walking or non-motor vehicles pass over the permeable brick 1 during the rainy season, the accumulated water in the dark pit is squeezed and splashed out. In addition, expansive soil has a well-known drawback, that is, it expands and softens when absorbing water and shrinks and cracks when losing water. Its property of shrinking and cracking when losing water will cause significant harm to engineering facilities and is called the "engineering cancer". However, it is "just right" when applied in this embodiment. When absorbing water, the expansive soil inside the expansion and contraction cavity 22 will undergo flexible expansion. As the subsequent water evaporates and dissipates, the expansive soil that has undergone flexible expansion inside the expansion and contraction cavity 22 will gradually lose water and harden to achieve an additional effect of rigid filling.

[0039] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permeable pavement structure, comprising permeable bricks (1), characterized in that: It further includes a reinforcing bottom plate (2) fixed to the lower surface of the permeable brick (1) to relieve the wear degree between the permeable brick (1) and the base layer, a flexible contact surface (3) evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the reinforcing bottom plate (2) to adaptively expand and contract the gap with the base layer based on the moisture condition, and a swelling and shrinking cavity (22) correspondingly opened above the flexible contact surface (3); The swelling and shrinking cavity (22) is filled with expansive soil.

2. The permeable pavement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the reinforcing bottom plate (2) is evenly provided with water permeable holes (21) that are vertically distributed and cooperate with the water seepage of the permeable brick (1).

3. A permeable road surface structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible contact surface (3) is designed in a disc shape; The flexible contact surface (3) seals the lower end of the swelling and shrinking cavity (22).

4. A permeable pavement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the reinforcing bottom plate (2) is evenly provided with water seepage holes (4) corresponding to the swelling and shrinking cavities (22) one by one.

5. A permeable road surface structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water seepage hole (4) is composed of a spherical cavity at the center and two symmetric columnar channels on both sides.

6. A permeable road surface structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The interior of the spherical cavity is filled with a water permeable material; One of the columnar channels penetrates through the side of the reinforcing bottom plate (2); The other columnar channel is connected to the swelling and shrinking cavity (22) in a through manner.

Images