A protective structure for high and steep slopes at tunnel entrances

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of slope protection technology, and specifically refers to a protective structure for steep slopes at tunnel entrances, comprising a fixed seat, a fixed plate, a fixing bolt, a cable-type blocking mechanism, and a rotary energy reduction mechanism. Multiple groups of the fixing plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed seat, the fixing bolts are arranged through one end of the fixing plate away from the fixed seat, and the fixing bolts are threadedly connected to the fixing plate. The cable-type blocking mechanism is arranged above the fixed seat, and the rotary energy reduction mechanism is arranged on both sides of the cable-type blocking mechanism. The cable-type blocking mechanism includes a stone retaining assembly, a force reduction assembly, and an anchor assembly. The present invention provides a protective structure for steep slopes at tunnel entrances that can buffer the impact force of falling stones while preventing irregular movement of the stones after impact, and can monitor the frequency of stones rolling down the slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of slope protection, and in particular relates to a protective structure for high and steep slopes at tunnel entrances. Background Art

[0002] Tunnels are engineered structures built through mountainous terrain, used to lay railways or roads and provide safe passage for motor vehicles. When tunnels are constructed on steep terrain, the slopes at the tunnel entrance often become steep and high. This increases the risk of rockfall, posing a potential safety hazard to tunnel users and the surrounding environment. Therefore, protecting the tunnel entrance slopes is particularly important.

[0003] Tunnel entrance slope protection refers to a series of reinforcement and protective devices installed on the tunnel entrance slope to ensure structural stability and protect the surrounding environment. These devices enhance the slope's resistance to slippage and collapse, effectively reducing the probability of geological disasters such as rockfalls, thereby providing a solid guarantee for the normal operation of the tunnel and the safe passage of passing vehicles.

[0004] The existing protection structures for high and steep slopes at tunnel entrances have the following problems:

[0005] 1. The existing protective structures for steep slopes at tunnel entrances are unable to buffer the kinetic energy of falling rocks. As a result, rocks with high kinetic energy continuously impact the protective structures, increasing the load on the protective structures and causing them to fail, thus affecting traffic safety at the tunnel entrance.

[0006] 2. The traditional protective structure for steep slopes at tunnel entrances cannot monitor the frequency of rocks rolling down the slopes, making it difficult for operators to adjust slope protection measures in a timely manner. This results in a large amount of rocks constantly rolling down, seriously threatening the safety of the tunnel entrance.

[0007] 3. It lacks the ability to block rocks with high kinetic energy rolling down from the high slope. When rocks roll down from the high slope, they have high kinetic energy. With high kinetic energy, the rocks impact the protective structure, which, on the one hand, shortens the service life of the protective structure; on the other hand, the rocks with high impact force rebound, causing irregular movement of gravel to fall onto the tunnel entrance road, thus affecting the safe passage of the tunnel;

[0008] Therefore, it cannot meet the existing demand for the use of protective structures for high and steep slopes at tunnel entrances. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the existing technology, this solution provides a protective structure for steep slopes at the tunnel entrance that can buffer the impact force of rolling stones while preventing irregular movement after the stones hit, and can monitor the frequency of stones rolling down the slope.

[0010] The technical solution adopted in this scheme is as follows: This scheme proposes a protective structure for the high and steep slopes at the tunnel entrance, including a fixed seat, a fixed plate, a fixing bolt, a cable-type blocking mechanism and a rotary energy reduction mechanism. Multiple groups of the fixed plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed seat, the fixing bolts are arranged through the end of the fixed plate away from the fixed seat, and the fixing bolts are threadedly connected to the fixed plate. The cable-type blocking mechanism is arranged above the fixed seat, and the rotary energy reduction mechanism is arranged on both sides of the cable-type blocking mechanism. The cable-type blocking mechanism includes a stone blocking assembly, a force reduction assembly and an anchor assembly. The stone blocking assembly is arranged on the upper wall of the fixed seat, the force reduction assembly is arranged at the end of the stone blocking assembly away from the fixed seat, and the anchor assembly is arranged on the force reduction assembly. The rotary energy reduction mechanism includes a shape-through assembly, a positioning assembly and an energy conversion assembly. The shape-through assembly is arranged on the side wall of the stone blocking assembly, the positioning assembly is arranged on both sides of the stone blocking assembly, and the energy conversion assembly is arranged on the side of the positioning assembly away from the stone blocking assembly.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stone blocking assembly includes an angle seat, an angle shaft, a stone blocking plate, a support spring, a fixed angle block and a rotation limit block, the angle seat is arranged on the upper wall of the fixed seat, the angle shaft is arranged between the angle seats, the stone blocking plate is rotatably arranged on the outside of the angle shaft, the support spring is arranged between the angle seat and the stone blocking plate on the outside of the angle shaft, the fixed angle block is symmetrically arranged on the side walls at both ends of the bottom of the stone blocking plate, the rotation limit block is symmetrically arranged on the side walls at both ends of the fixed seat, and the fixed angle block is fitted with the rotation limit block; the deceleration assembly includes a deceleration block, a deceleration rod, a limit block, a sliding block and a deceleration spring, The group of deceleration blocks are symmetrically arranged on the top of both sides of the stone blocking plate, the deceleration blocks are rotatably arranged on the side wall of the stone blocking plate, the deceleration rod is arranged on the side wall of the deceleration block, the limit block is arranged on the side of the deceleration rod away from the deceleration block, the sliding block is slidably arranged on the outside of the deceleration rod, and the deceleration spring is arranged between the limit block and the sliding block on the outside of the deceleration rod; the anchoring assembly includes an anchoring frame, an anchoring cable and a ranging sensor, the anchoring frame is rotatably arranged on the outside of the sliding block, the anchoring cable is arranged on the side of the anchoring frame away from the limit block, the ranging sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the anchoring frame, and the ranging sensor is arranged opposite to the limit block.

[0012] When in use, abutments are cast on both sides of the tunnel entrance that needs to be protected, threaded holes are reserved on the abutments, the fixing seat is placed on the abutments, the fixing bolts are rotated, the fixing bolts are screwed into the reserved threaded holes, the fixing seat is fixed on the abutments, anchor points are set on the slopes in advance, the end of the anchor cable away from the anchor frame is fixed on the anchor point, the stone blocking plate is normally set at an angle, the angle between the stone blocking plate and the abutment is between 80 degrees and 85 degrees, the normal state of the deceleration spring is the extension setting, and the distance between the ranging end of the distance sensor and the limit block is The distance is minimum. When a stone rolls down the slope, the stone blocking plate blocks the rolling stone. The stone blocking plate is subjected to the impact from the rolling stone. The stone blocking plate uses the deformation of the buffer spring to deflect around the angle axis. The buffer spring is shortened, and the sliding block slides along the buffer rod close to the limit block. The anchor frame drives the distance measuring sensor away from the limit block as the sliding block slides. The distance between the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor and the limit block increases. The stone blocking plate rebounds and resets after being impacted. The blocked rolling stone falls into the groove of the stone blocking plate close to the slope side.

[0013] Preferably, the form-passing component includes a drilling entrance and a rubber ring pad, multiple groups of the drilling entrances are arranged on the side wall of the stone blocking plate, and the rubber ring pad is arranged on the inner wall of the drilling entrance; the positioning component includes a positioning frame and a support plate, the positioning frame is arranged on both sides of the angle seat, and the support plate is symmetrically arranged on the side of the positioning frame away from the angle seat; the energy conversion component includes a carbide turntable, a rubber base, a carbide head, a motor seat, a servo motor and a telescopic transmission shaft, multiple groups of the carbide turntables are arranged on the side of the positioning frame close to the stone blocking plate, the rubber base is arranged on the side of the carbide turntable away from the positioning frame, and multiple groups of the motor seat are arranged on the side of the positioning frame away from the carbide turntable, the servo motor is arranged inside the motor seat, and the telescopic transmission shaft passes through the positioning frame, the rubber base and the motor seat and is arranged between the power end of the servo motor and the carbide head.

[0014] When in use, the rolling stone has gravitational potential energy. During the rolling process, the gravitational potential energy will gradually be converted into kinetic energy. Due to the obstruction of the stone-blocking plate, the kinetic energy of the stone is released to the stone-blocking plate in the form of impact. The stone-blocking plate uses the deformation of the deceleration spring to deflect around the angle axis to buffer the impact force of the stone, reducing the load tension of the stone impact force on the anchor cable. The kinetic energy of the stone falling from a high place is relatively large, and the impact force on the stone-blocking plate is increased, causing the deceleration spring to be compressed to the shortest value. At this time, the stone continues to impact the stone-blocking plate with the kinetic energy that has not been buffered, and the angle of deflection of the stone-blocking plate around the angle axis increases. As the stone-blocking plate deflects, the hard composite The gold head and the drill entrance are on the same circular motion trajectory, and the stone blocking plate drives the drill entrance to be inserted into the outside of the carbide head. The carbide head uses the deformation of the rubber ring pad to expand it, and the diameter of the annular opening of the rubber ring pad increases. The stone and the carbide head are against each other, and the carbide head is fixed on the positioning frame to use its spiked part to block the stone, concentrating the impact force of the stone on a smaller contact area, forming local high pressure, which makes it easier to penetrate or embed into the surface of the stone, effectively preventing it from continuing to roll. The rebound reset of the buffer spring drives the stone blocking plate to push the stone back, and the stone outside the carbide head rolls along the stone blocking plate into the groove.

[0015] Specifically, a controller is provided on the side wall of the positioning frame.

[0016] Wherein, the controller is electrically connected to the servo motor and the distance measuring sensor respectively.

[0017] The beneficial effects achieved by adopting the above structure are as follows:

[0018] Compared with the existing technology, this solution innovatively combines a cable-type blocking mechanism with a rotary energy reduction mechanism. Through the stone retaining assembly, force-relief assembly, anchoring assembly, form-fitting assembly, positioning assembly and energy conversion assembly, it can effectively buffer and block the impact force generated by stones rolling down the steep slope of the tunnel entrance. At the same time, with the help of real-time monitoring of the limit block by the ranging sensor, the frequency of the rolling stones on the slope can be captured, providing timely and accurate data support for the operators so that they can quickly adjust the protective measures on the slope surface. In addition, by adopting a rotating carbide head, it can chemically block the stones that roll down from the high slope and have a large impact force, significantly reducing the impact force of stones with large kinetic energy on the blocking structure, thereby comprehensively improving the protection effect of slope rolling stones and providing solid protection for the traffic safety of the tunnel entrance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this scheme;

[0020] Figure 2 This is the main stereoscopic view of this scheme;

[0021] Figure 3This is a bottom-up perspective view of this scheme;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy conversion component of this solution;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stone retaining assembly of this scheme;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed seat of this scheme;

[0025] Figure 7 This is the main view of this scheme;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a side view of the scheme;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a top view of the scheme;

[0028] Figure 10 for Figure 9 AA section view;

[0029] Figure 11 for Figure 1 A magnified structural view of part I;

[0030] Figure 12 for Figure 10 A magnified structural view of Part II;

[0031] Figure 13 for Figure 2 A magnified structural view of part III.

[0032] Among them, 1. fixed seat, 2. fixed plate, 3. fixing bolt, 4. cable-pull type blocking mechanism, 5. stone blocking assembly, 6. angle seat, 7. angle shaft, 8. stone blocking plate, 9. deceleration assembly, 10. deceleration block, 11. deceleration rod, 12. limit block, 13. sliding block, 14. deceleration spring, 15. anchor assembly, 16. anchor frame, 17. anchor cable, 18. rotary energy reduction mechanism, 19. form-through assembly, 20. drilling entrance, 21. rubber ring pad, 22. positioning assembly, 23. positioning frame, 24. support plate, 25. energy conversion assembly, 26. carbide turntable, 27. rubber base, 28. carbide head, 29. motor seat, 30. servo motor, 31. telescopic transmission shaft, 32. controller, 33. distance sensor, 34. support spring, 35. fixed angle block, 36. rotation limit block.

[0033] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present solution and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present solution, they are used to explain the present solution and do not constitute a limitation to the present solution. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this solution will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this solution. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this solution, not all of the embodiments; based on the embodiments in this solution, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this solution.

[0035] In the description of this solution, it should be understood that terms such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this solution and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on this solution.

[0036] like Figures 1-13 As shown, the present invention proposes a protective structure for a high and steep slope at a tunnel entrance, comprising a fixing seat 1, a fixing plate 2, a fixing bolt 3, a cable-type blocking mechanism 4 and a rotary energy reduction mechanism 18. A plurality of fixing plates 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixing seat 1. The fixing bolt 3 is provided through one end of the fixing plate 2 away from the fixing seat 1. The fixing bolt 3 is threadedly connected to the fixing plate 2. The cable-type blocking mechanism 4 is provided above the fixing seat 1. The rotary energy reduction mechanism 18 is provided on both sides of the cable-type blocking mechanism 4. The cable-type blocking mechanism 4 includes The stone blocking assembly 5, the force buffering assembly 9 and the anchoring assembly 15 are provided. The stone blocking assembly 5 is provided on the upper wall of the fixed seat 1, the force buffering assembly 9 is provided at the end of the stone blocking assembly 5 away from the fixed seat 1, the anchoring assembly 15 is provided on the force buffering assembly 9, and the rotary energy reduction mechanism 18 includes a shape-through assembly 19, a positioning assembly 22 and an energy conversion assembly 25. The shape-through assembly 19 is provided on the side wall of the stone blocking assembly 5, the positioning assembly 22 is provided on both sides of the stone blocking assembly 5, and the energy conversion assembly 25 is provided on the side of the positioning assembly 22 away from the stone blocking assembly 5.

[0037] The stone-blocking assembly 5 includes an angle seat 6, an angle shaft 7, a stone-blocking plate 8, a support spring 34, a fixed angle block 35 and a rotation-limiting block 36. The angle seat 6 is arranged on the upper wall of the fixed seat 1, the angle shaft 7 is arranged between the angle seats 6, the stone-blocking plate 8 is rotatably arranged on the outside of the angle shaft 7, the support spring 34 is arranged between the angle seat 6 and the stone-blocking plate 8 on the outside of the angle shaft 7, the fixed angle block 35 is symmetrically arranged on the side walls at both ends of the bottom of the stone-blocking plate 8, the rotation-limiting block 36 is symmetrically arranged on the side walls at both ends of the fixed seat 1, and the fixed angle block 35 is fitted with the rotation-limiting block 36; the deceleration assembly 9 includes a deceleration block 10, a deceleration rod 11, a limit block 12, a sliding block 13 and a deceleration spring 14, and multiple groups of the deceleration blocks 10 are symmetrically arranged on At the top of both sides of the stone-blocking plate 8, the buffer block 10 is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the stone-blocking plate 8, the buffer rod 11 is arranged on the side wall of the buffer block 10, the limit block 12 is arranged on the side of the buffer rod 11 away from the buffer block 10, the sliding block 13 is slidably arranged on the outside of the buffer rod 11, and the buffer spring 14 is arranged between the limit block 12 and the sliding block 13 on the outside of the buffer rod 11; the anchor assembly 15 includes an anchor frame 16, an anchor cable 17 and a ranging sensor 33, the anchor frame 16 is rotatably arranged on the outside of the sliding block 13, the anchor cable 17 is arranged on the side of the anchor frame 16 away from the limit block 12, the ranging sensor 33 is arranged on the inner wall of the anchor frame 16, and the ranging sensor 33 is arranged opposite to the limit block 12.

[0038] The shaped through component 19 includes a drilling entrance 20 and a rubber ring pad 21, multiple groups of the drilling entrances 20 are arranged on the side wall of the stone blocking plate 8, and the rubber ring pad 21 is arranged on the inner wall of the drilling entrance 20; the positioning component 22 includes a positioning frame 23 and a support plate 24, the positioning frame 23 is arranged on both sides of the angle seat 6, and the support plate 24 is symmetrically arranged on the side of the positioning frame 23 away from the angle seat 6; the energy conversion component 25 includes a carbide turntable 26, a rubber base 27, a carbide head 28, a motor base 29, a servo motor 30 and a telescopic transmission shaft 31, multiple groups of the carbide turntables 26 are rotatably arranged on the side of the positioning frame 23 close to the stone blocking plate 8, the rubber base 27 is arranged on the side of the carbide turntable 26 away from the positioning frame 23, and multiple groups of the motor seats 29 are arranged on the side of the positioning frame 23 away from the carbide turntable 26. The servo motor 30 is arranged inside the motor seat 29, and the telescopic transmission shaft 31 passes through the positioning frame 23, the rubber base 27 and the motor seat 29 and is arranged between the power end of the servo motor 30 and the carbide head 28.

[0039] A controller 32 is provided on the side wall of the positioning frame 23 .

[0040] The controller 32 is electrically connected to the servo motor 30 and the distance sensor 33 respectively.

[0041] During specific use, abutments are cast on both sides of the tunnel entrance that needs to be protected, threaded holes and grooves are reserved on the abutments, the fixing seat 1 is placed on the abutment, the fixing bolts 3 are manually rotated, the fixing bolts 3 are screwed into the reserved threaded holes, the support plate 24 is inserted into the groove of the abutment, the fixing seat 1 is fixed on the abutment, the stone blocking plate 8 is normally set at an angle, the angle between the stone blocking plate 8 and the abutment is between 80 degrees and 85 degrees, and the fixed angle block 35 is fitted with the rotation limit block 36;

[0042] The controller 32 is set on the side wall of the positioning frame 23. In order to prevent the controller 32 from being subjected to large impact vibration, the controller 32 can be removed from the side wall of the positioning frame 23 and installed on the base of the stone blocking plate 8 away from the slope side;

[0043] An anchor point is set on the slope in advance, and one end of the anchor cable 17 away from the anchor frame 16 is hinged and positioned at the anchor point. After the anchor cable 17 pulls the stone blocking plate 8 through the buffer block 10, it is kept in a straight state by the rebound tension of the support spring 34. The normal state of the buffer spring 14 is the extension setting. The distance between the ranging end of the distance sensor 33 and the limit block 12 is the minimum value. The buffer block 10, the buffer rod 11, the anchor frame 16 and the anchor cable 17 are in a horizontal setting.

[0044] When the stone rolls down the slope, the rolling stone has gravitational potential energy. During the rolling process, the gravitational potential energy will gradually be converted into kinetic energy. When the stone blocking plate 8 blocks the rolling stone, the kinetic energy of the stone is released to the stone blocking plate 8 in the form of impact. The stone blocking plate 8 is subjected to the impact force from the rolling stone. The stone blocking plate 8 uses the deformation of the support spring 34 to deflect around the angle axis 7. When the stone blocking plate 8 deflects, it drives the deceleration rod 11 through the deceleration block 10. The end of the deceleration block 10 close to the stone blocking plate 8 follows it to fall. At this time, the anchor point is higher than the deceleration block 11. 0, the anchor cable 17 is fixed at the anchor point to pull the buffer block 10 away from one end of the stone blocking plate 8. The buffer block 10 is rotated and lifted by the tension of the anchor cable 17. The sliding block 13, the angle seat 6 and the anchor cable 17 are in a relatively fixed state. The buffer rod 11 slides along the inner wall of the sliding block 13 to drive the limit block 12 to compress the buffer spring 14. The buffer spring 14 uses the deformation shortening elasticity to buffer the impact force of the stone. The stone blocking plate 8 rebounds and resets after being impacted, and the blocked rolling stone falls into the groove of the stone blocking plate 8 close to the slope side;

[0045] The limit block 12 moves with the buffer rod 11 to the side away from the distance measuring sensor 33, and the distance between the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor 33 and the limit block 12 increases. The controller 32 controls the distance measuring sensor 33 to start, and the distance measuring sensor 33 detects the change in the distance between it and the limit block 12 through the distance measuring end. When the distance between the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor 33 and the limit block 12 changes, it indicates that there are stones rolling down the slope and hitting the stone resistance plate 8. By monitoring the distance between the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor 33 and the limit block 12, the change in the frequency of falling rocks is synchronously monitored. When the distance between the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor 33 and the limit block 12 changes frequently, it indicates that the frequency of falling rocks on the high and steep slopes on both sides of the tunnel entrance has changed. It is then possible to evaluate whether the implemented protective measures (such as reinforcement projects, vegetation restoration, etc.) are effective, which facilitates the subsequent strengthening of slope protection operations.

[0046] The stone blocking plate 8 utilizes the deformation of the deceleration spring 14 to rotate and deflect around the angle axis 7 to buffer the impact force of the stone, reducing the load tension of the stone impact force on the anchor cable 17. The kinetic energy of the stone falling from a high place is large, and the impact force caused to the stone blocking plate 8 is increased, so that the deceleration spring 14 is compressed to the shortest value. At this time, the stone continues to impact the stone blocking plate 8 with the kinetic energy that has not been buffered. The angle of deflection of the stone blocking plate 8 around the angle axis 7 increases, and the stone blocking plate 8 drives the fixed angle block 35 away from the rotation limit block 36. As the stone blocking plate 8 deflects, due to the carbide head 2 8 and the drill entrance 20 are on the same circular motion trajectory, the stone blocking plate 8 drives the drill entrance 20 to be inserted into the outer side of the carbide head 28, and the carbide head 28 is stretched open by the deformation of the rubber ring pad 21. The diameter of the annular opening of the rubber ring pad 21 increases, and the stone and the carbide head 28 are pressed against each other. The carbide head 28 is fixed on the positioning frame 23 and uses its spiked part to block the stone, concentrating the impact force of the stone on a smaller contact area, forming a local high pressure, making it easier to penetrate or embed into the stone surface, effectively preventing it from continuing to roll;

[0047] When the distance between the distance measuring end of the distance measuring sensor 33 and the limit block 12 reaches the threshold value preset by the operator, the controller 32 controls the servo motor 30 to start, and the servo motor 30 drives the telescopic transmission shaft 31 to rotate through the power end, and the telescopic transmission shaft 31 drives the carbide head 28 to meet the impact of the stone in a rotating posture. On the one hand, the linear impact kinetic energy of the falling stone is converted into rotational energy through the rotational inertia of the carbide head 28, thereby reducing the impact force directly transmitted to the stone blocking plate 8 and alleviating the load on the protective structure; on the other hand, the rotating carbide head 28 generates tangential friction during collision, which converts the horizontal momentum of the falling stone into angular momentum of the carbide head 28, thereby reducing the rebound speed of the stone and reducing the probability of irregular stone splashing.

[0048] After the kinetic energy of the falling stone is completely buffered, the buffer spring 14 rebounds and resets to drive the stone blocking plate 8 to push the stone back. The stone blocking plate 8 drives the fixed angle block 35 to fit with the rotation limit block 36, and the stone outside the carbide head 28 rolls along the stone blocking plate 8 into the groove; the above operation can be repeated when using it next time.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0050] The above description of the present solution and its implementation methods is non-limiting. The drawings show only one implementation method of the present solution, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this and, without departing from the purpose of the present solution, designs a similar structure and embodiment without creatively designing, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present solution.

Claims

1. A protective structure for a steep slope at a tunnel entrance, comprising a fixing seat, a fixing plate and fixing bolts, characterized in that: It also includes a cable-type blocking mechanism and a rotary energy reduction mechanism, multiple groups of the fixing plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixing seat, the fixing bolts are arranged through the end of the fixing plate away from the fixing seat, and the fixing bolts are threadedly connected to the fixing plate; The cable-type blocking mechanism includes a stone blocking component, a force-relief component, and an anchoring component; The stone-blocking assembly is arranged on the upper wall of the fixing seat, the force-relief assembly is arranged at one end of the stone-blocking assembly away from the fixing seat, and the anchoring assembly is arranged on the force-relief assembly; The rotary energy reduction mechanism includes a positioning component and an energy conversion component; The positioning components are arranged on both sides of the stone blocking component, and the energy conversion component is arranged on the side of the positioning component away from the stone blocking component; The stone blocking assembly includes an angle seat, an angle shaft and a stone blocking plate. The angle seat is arranged on the upper wall of the fixed seat, the angle shaft is arranged between the angle seats, and the stone blocking plate is rotatably arranged outside the angle shaft. The deceleration assembly includes a deceleration block, a deceleration rod, a limit block and a sliding block. Multiple groups of the deceleration blocks are symmetrically arranged on the top of both sides of the stone blocking plate. The deceleration blocks are rotatably arranged on the side wall of the stone blocking plate. The deceleration rod is arranged on the side wall of the deceleration block. The limit block is arranged on the side of the deceleration rod away from the deceleration block. The sliding block is slidably arranged on the outside of the deceleration rod. The anchoring assembly includes an anchoring frame and a distance measuring sensor, wherein the anchoring frame is rotatably arranged outside the sliding block, and the distance measuring sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the anchoring frame, and the distance measuring sensor is arranged opposite to the limit block; The positioning assembly includes a positioning frame, and the positioning frame is arranged on both sides of the angle seat; The energy conversion assembly includes a carbide turntable, a rubber base and a carbide head. Multiple groups of carbide turntables are rotatably arranged on the side of the positioning frame close to the stone blocking plate, and the rubber base is arranged on the side of the carbide turntable away from the positioning frame.

2. A tunnel entrance high and steep slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary energy reduction mechanism further comprises a through-hole component, which is arranged on the side wall of the stone retaining component.

3. The protective structure for steep slopes at tunnel entrances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stone blocking assembly also includes a supporting spring, a fixed angle block and a rotation limiting block. The supporting spring is arranged between the angle seat outside the angle axis and the stone blocking plate. The fixed angle block is symmetrically arranged on the side walls at both ends of the bottom of the stone blocking plate. The rotation limiting block is symmetrically arranged on the side walls at both ends of the fixed seat. The fixed angle block is in contact with the rotation limiting block.

4. A tunnel entrance high and steep slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deceleration component further comprises a deceleration spring, which is arranged between the limiting block and the sliding block on the outer side of the deceleration rod.

5. The protective structure for steep slopes at tunnel entrances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring assembly further comprises an anchoring cable, which is arranged on a side of the anchoring frame away from the limiting block.

6. A tunnel entrance high and steep slope protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The form-through component includes a drilling entrance and a rubber annular pad. Multiple groups of the drilling entrances are arranged on the side wall of the stone blocking plate, and the rubber annular pad is arranged on the inner wall of the drilling entrance.

7. The protective structure for a high and steep slope at a tunnel entrance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning assembly further comprises a support plate, which is symmetrically arranged on a side of the positioning frame away from the angle seat.

8. The protective structure for steep slopes at tunnel entrances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy conversion assembly also includes a motor seat, a servo motor and a telescopic transmission shaft. Multiple groups of the motor seats are arranged on the side of the positioning frame away from the carbide turntable. The servo motor is arranged inside the motor seat. The telescopic transmission shaft passes through the positioning frame, the rubber base and the motor seat and is arranged between the power end of the servo motor and the carbide head.

9. A tunnel entrance high and steep slope protection structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: A controller is provided on the side wall of the positioning frame.

10. A tunnel entrance high and steep slope protection structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The controller is electrically connected to the servo motor and the distance measuring sensor respectively.

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