Combined supporting device for strong-expansibility soft rock of fault tectonic zone

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined supporting device for strong-expansibility soft rock of a fault tectonic zone, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine supporting devices. A combined supporting device for soft rock with strong expansibility in a fault tectonic zone comprises a supporting net, a supporting frame, a supporting column, a collapse detection supporting mechanism, a long anchor rod, a short anchor rod, a first displacement monitoring unit and a second displacement monitoring unit. According to the combined supporting device for the soft rock with the strong expansibility in the fault tectonic zone, the collapse detection supporting mechanism is directly connected with the supporting rods in the supporting net through the upper locking sleeve and the lower locking sleeve, when the supporting net collapses, the supporting rods in the supporting net can pull the long anchor rods and the short anchor rods, the long anchor rods and the short anchor rods are made to generate displacement, and the long anchor rods and the short anchor rods are supported by the supporting net. And the displacement monitoring unit is used for monitoring numerical values such as displacement, so that an area supported by the supporting net in the coal mine tunnel can be monitored in real time, and personnel can be helped to know conditions in a coal mine in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine support devices, and in particular relates to a combined support device for highly expansive soft rock in a fault structure zone. Background Art

[0002] Coal mines are areas where humans extract coal resources in coal-rich areas. They are generally divided into underground and open-pit mines. When the coal seam is far from the surface, the coal is usually extracted by tunneling underground, which is an underground coal mine. When the coal seam is very close to the surface, the coal is usually extracted directly by removing the surface soil, which is an open-pit coal mine. The vast majority of coal mines in China are underground coal mines.

[0003] The fault structure of coal mine tunnels with strong expansive soft rock is more frequently subjected to impact ground pressure, and the tunnel walls are prone to bulging and falling off. Therefore, special technical means are needed to support this part of the tunnel.

[0004] The characteristics of highly expansive soft rock in fault zones lead to a high accident rate in these tunnels. While existing support mechanisms mostly rely on steel mesh, this support is relatively strong, but the displacement of the steel mesh within the tunnel cannot be monitored, resulting in workers being unable to understand the tunnel's internal conditions in real time. Therefore, this application proposes a combined support device for highly expansive soft rock in fault zones. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined support device for highly expansive soft rock in a fault structure zone to solve the problem raised in the above background technology that the displacement of the steel mesh in the tunnel cannot be monitored, resulting in the staff being unable to understand the situation inside the tunnel in real time.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a combined support device for highly expansive soft rock in a fault structure zone, comprising a support net, a support frame, a support column, a collapse detection support mechanism, a long anchor rod, a short anchor rod, a first displacement monitoring unit, and a second displacement monitoring unit;

[0007] The support net is arranged on the upper side of the support frame, the support frame is provided with an arc portion and a vertical portion, and the support column is arranged on the lower side of the support frame;

[0008] The collapse detection support mechanism includes an upper locking sleeve and a lower locking sleeve. The upper locking sleeve is provided with an upper locking groove, and the lower locking sleeve is provided with a lower locking groove. The upper locking groove and the lower locking groove together form a circular groove, which cooperates with the support rod in the support net.

[0009] The long anchor rod and the short anchor rod are both inserted into the upper locking sleeve, the first displacement monitoring unit is arranged on the long anchor rod, and the second displacement monitoring unit is arranged in the short anchor rod.

[0010] In a further technical solution, at least two insertion plates are provided at the bottom of the support frame, slots are provided in the support columns, and two of the insertion plates in the support frame are respectively matched with the slots in the two support columns.

[0011] In a further technical solution, a square frame is sleeved outside the support frame, the square frame is movably connected to the support column, the vertical part of the square frame is sleeved with the support frame, and a fastening bolt is screwed into the square frame, and the fastening bolt passes through the support column and is screwed into the insertion plate.

[0012] In a further technical solution, a bottom frame is sleeved at the bottom of the support column.

[0013] In a further technical solution, a plurality of net auxiliary support mechanisms are provided on the support frame, and the net auxiliary support mechanisms are provided on the arc-shaped part of the support frame.

[0014] In a further technical solution, the net auxiliary support mechanism includes an upper arc-shaped plate and a round rod. The upper arc-shaped plate is located above the support frame, the round rod is arranged above the upper arc-shaped plate, and the round rod is inserted into the grid in the support net. A steel wire is wound around the outer side of the round rod, and the steel wire is tied to the support net.

[0015] In a further technical solution, the net auxiliary support mechanism further includes upper side plates, adjusting shafts, lower side plates, lower arc-shaped plates, and positioning bolts. There are two upper side plates, and the two upper side plates are respectively located on both sides of the upper arc-shaped plate, and the two upper side plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped part of the support frame, and the adjusting shafts are inserted into the arc-shaped grooves.

[0016] In a further technical solution, the two adjusting shafts are respectively inserted into the two lower side plates, the lower side plates are respectively located on both sides of the support frame, the lower arc-shaped plate is located between the two lower side plates, and both ends of the lower arc-shaped plate are respectively connected to the two lower side plates. The upper end surface of the lower arc-shaped plate is attached to the lower end surface of the arc-shaped part in the support frame.

[0017] In a further technical solution, the positioning bolt penetrates the lower arc-shaped plate, and a plurality of positioning grooves distributed at the same interval and matched with the positioning bolt are arranged in the support frame.

[0018] In a further technical solution, two middle holes are provided in the upper locking sleeve, and the long anchor rod and the short anchor rod are respectively inserted into the two middle holes.

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] A combined support device for strongly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone provided by the present invention. The round rod is arranged on the upper side of the upper arc plate, and the round rod is inserted into the grid of the support net. A steel wire is wound around the outer side of the round rod, and the steel wire is tied to the support net. The support net is assisted and fixed by the steel wire, so that the position between the support net and the support frame can be further fixed, making the support net not easy to slide and the support for the coal mine roadway more stable.

[0021] A combined support device for strongly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone provided by the present invention. The first displacement monitoring unit is arranged on the long bolt, and the second displacement monitoring unit is arranged in the short bolt. The displacement monitoring unit can detect the displacements of the long bolt and the short bolt. A plurality of collapse detection and support mechanisms are evenly distributed at multiple positions of the support net, and the collapse detection and support mechanisms are directly connected to the support rods in the support net through the upper locking sleeve and the lower locking sleeve. When the support net collapses, the support rods in the support net will pull the long bolt and the short bolt, causing displacements of the long bolt and the short bolt. The displacement monitoring unit is used to monitor numerical values such as the displacement amount, so that the area supported by the support net in the coal mine roadway can be monitored in real time, which can help personnel timely understand the situation inside the coal mine. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 The first structural schematic diagram of the combined support device for strongly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 The second structural schematic diagram of the combined support device for strongly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 The first internal structural schematic diagram of the combined support device for strongly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 The second internal structural schematic diagram of the combined support device for strongly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 The first structural schematic diagram of the net auxiliary support mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 The second structural schematic diagram of the net auxiliary support mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 The structural schematic diagram of the collapse detection and support mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of the Reference Numerals:

[0030] 1. Support net; 2. Support frame; 201. Insertion plate; 202. Arc-shaped groove; 3. Support column; 301. Slot; 4. Square frame; 5. Tightening bolt; 6. Net auxiliary support mechanism; 601. Upper arc-shaped plate; 602. Round rod; 603. Upper side plate; 604. Adjusting shaft; 605. Lower side plate; 606. Lower arc-shaped plate; 607. Positioning bolt; 7. Bottom frame; 8. Collapse detection support mechanism; 801. Upper locking sleeve; 8011. Upper locking groove; 8012. Intermediate hole; 802. Lower locking sleeve; 8021. Lower locking groove; 9. Long anchor bolt; 10. Short anchor bolt; 11. First displacement monitoring unit; 12. Second displacement monitoring unit. Detailed implementation mode

[0031] The following will describe the detailed implementation mode of the present invention in detail, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the detailed implementation mode.

[0032] As Figures 1-7 shown, a combined support device for strongly swelling soft rock in a fault tectonic zone provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a support net 1, a support frame 2, a support column 3, a net auxiliary support mechanism 6, a collapse detection support mechanism 8, a long anchor bolt 9, a short anchor bolt 10, a first displacement monitoring unit 11, and a second displacement monitoring unit 12.

[0033] Specifically, the support net 1 is arranged on the upper side of the support frame 2. The support frame 2 is provided with an arc-shaped part and a vertical part. The support column 3 is arranged on the lower side of the support frame 2.

[0034] In order to facilitate the connection between the support frame 2 and the support column 3, at least two insertion plates 201 are arranged at the bottom of the support frame 2. Slots 301 are arranged inside the support column 3. Two of the insertion plates 201 inside the support frame 2 are respectively matched with the slots 301 in the two support columns 3. More specifically, a square frame 4 is sleeved outside the support frame 2. The square frame 4 is movably connected to the support column 3. The square frame 4 is sleeved with the vertical part of the support frame 2. A tightening bolt 5 is screwed into the square frame 4. The tightening bolt 5 passes through the support column 3 and is screwed into the insertion plate 201.

[0035] The support frame 2 and the support column 3 are inserted and connected through the insertion plate 201 and the slot 301. And at the connection position between the support frame 2 and the support column 3, the square frame 4 is sleeved. The tightening bolt 5 passes through the square frame 4 and the support column 3 and is screwed into the insertion plate 201, which can lock the positions among the support frame 2, the support column 3, and the square frame 4, realizing the assembly work between the support frame 2 and the support column 3. In this way, the support mechanism for supporting the coal mine roadway can be built.

[0036] Further, a bottom frame 7 is sleeved at the bottom of the support column 3. First, the square frame 4 is sleeved outside the support column 3, and the square frame 4 is moved to the connection position between the support column 3 and the support frame 2. The bottom frame 7 is in contact with the ground.

[0037] In order to firmly fix the position between the support net 1 and the multiple support frames 2 and prevent the position of the support net 1 from shifting, several net auxiliary support mechanisms 6 are provided on the support frame 2, and the net auxiliary support mechanisms 6 are arranged on the arc portion of the support frame 2.

[0038] Specifically, the net auxiliary support mechanism 6 includes an upper arc plate 601 and a round rod 602. The upper arc plate 601 is located on the upper side of the support frame 2, and the lower end surface of the upper arc plate 601 is attached to the upper end surface of the support frame 2. The round rod 602 is arranged on the upper side of the upper arc plate 601, and the round rod 602 is inserted into the grid of the support net 1. A steel wire is wound around the outer side of the round rod 602, and the steel wire is tied to the support net 1. Specifically, the steel wire can be used to bypass the round rod 602 and tie it to the support net 1. The upper end surface of the round rod 602 does not exceed the height of the upper end surface of the support net 1. And in order to facilitate the winding and tying of the steel wire, corresponding round grooves can be provided on the outer surface of the round rod 602. When tying, the steel wire is sleeved at the round groove, and then the steel wire is tied to the support net 1, thereby completing the fixation of the support net 1. In this way, the position between the support net 1 and the support frame 2 can be further fixed, making the support net 1 not easy to slide and the support for the coal mine roadway more stable.

[0039] More specifically, the net auxiliary support mechanism 6 further includes upper side plates 603, adjusting shafts 604, lower side plates 605, lower arc plates 606, and positioning bolts 607. There are two upper side plates 603, and the two upper side plates 603 are respectively located on both sides of the upper arc plate 601, and the two upper side plates 603 are respectively arranged on both sides of the arc portion of the support frame 2. The adjusting shafts 604 are inserted into the arc grooves 202, and the adjusting shafts 604 can move along the arc grooves 202. The number of net auxiliary support mechanisms 6 in each support frame 2 can be adjusted as needed, so as to adjust the strength of the connection between the support frame 2 and the support net 1, which can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0040] It should be noted that the two adjusting shafts 604 are respectively inserted into the two lower side plates 605. The lower side plates 605 are respectively located on both sides of the support frame 2. The lower arc plate 606 is located between the two lower side plates 605, and the two ends of the lower arc plate 606 are respectively connected to the two lower side plates 605. The upper end surface of the lower arc plate 606 is attached to the lower end surface of the inner arc portion of the support frame 2. The positioning bolt 607 penetrates the lower arc plate 606, and a number of positioning grooves distributed at the same interval and cooperating with the positioning bolt 607 are provided in the support frame 2.

[0041] It can be referred to Figure 7, the collapse detection support mechanism 8 includes an upper locking sleeve 801 and a lower locking sleeve 802. An upper locking groove 8011 is provided inside the upper locking sleeve 801, and a lower locking groove 8021 is provided inside the lower locking sleeve 802. The upper locking groove 8011 and the lower locking groove 8021 together form a circular groove, which cooperates with the support rods in the support net 1. Specifically, the support rods are steel bars. The circular groove can receive the steel bars in the support net 1. The upper locking sleeve 801 and the lower locking sleeve 802 are connected. Specifically, the upper locking sleeve 801 and the lower locking sleeve 802 are connected by bolts and nuts, or can also be connected by pins. Two intermediate holes 8012 are provided inside the upper locking sleeve 801, and the long anchor rod 9 and the short anchor rod 10 are respectively inserted into the two intermediate holes 8012.

[0042] Both the long anchor rod 9 and the short anchor rod 10 are inserted into the upper locking sleeve 801, and the long anchor rod 9 and the short anchor rod 10 are inserted into the wall of the coal mine roadway. There are at least two groups of displacement monitoring units, which are respectively the first displacement monitoring unit 11 and the second displacement monitoring unit 12. The first displacement monitoring unit 11 is arranged on the long anchor rod 9, and the second displacement monitoring unit 12 is arranged inside the short anchor rod 10.

[0043] The depths of the long anchor rod 9 and the short anchor rod 10 inserted into the inner wall of the coal mine are different. The first displacement monitoring unit 11 is arranged on the long anchor rod 9, and the second displacement monitoring unit 12 is arranged inside the short anchor rod 10. The displacement monitoring unit can adopt a GWL150 mine intrinsically safe displacement sensor, which can detect the displacements of the long anchor rod 9 and the short anchor rod 10. Multiple collapse detection support mechanisms 8 are evenly distributed at multiple positions of the support net 1, and the collapse detection support mechanism 8 is directly connected to the support rods in the support net 1 through the upper locking sleeve 801 and the lower locking sleeve 802. When the support net 1 collapses, the support rods in the support net 1 will pull the long anchor rod 9 and the short anchor rod 10, causing displacements of the long anchor rod 9 and the short anchor rod 10. The displacement monitoring unit is used to monitor values such as the displacement amount. Or when the inner wall structure of the coal mine roadway changes and causes the long anchor rod 9 and the short anchor rod 10 to move, the displacement monitoring unit can monitor values such as the displacement amount. In this way, the area supported by the support net 1 in the coal mine roadway can be monitored in real time (the displacement monitoring unit has a data transmission function and is connected to an external controller, and can transmit the monitored values to the position of the controller controlled by the staff), which can help personnel timely understand the situation inside the coal mine.

[0044] In summary: The embodiment of the present invention provides a combined support device for strongly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone. The long bolts 9 and the short bolts 10 are inserted into the inner wall of the coal mine to different depths. The first displacement monitoring unit 11 is arranged on the long bolt 9, and the second displacement monitoring unit 12 is arranged inside the short bolt 10. The displacement monitoring unit can detect the displacements of the long bolt 9 and the short bolt 10. A plurality of collapse detection and support mechanisms 8 are evenly distributed at multiple positions of the support net 1, and the collapse detection and support mechanisms 8 are directly connected to the support rods in the support net 1 through the upper locking sleeve 801 and the lower locking sleeve 802. When the support net 1 collapses, the support rods in the support net 1 will pull the long bolt 9 and the short bolt 10, causing displacements of the long bolt 9 and the short bolt 10. The displacement monitoring unit is used to monitor values such as the displacement amount. In this way, the area supported by the support net 1 in the coal mine roadway can be monitored in real time, helping personnel to timely understand the situation inside the coal mine.

[0045] The round rod 602 is arranged on the upper side of the upper arc plate 601, and the round rod 602 is inserted into the grid in the support net 1. A steel wire is wound around the outer side of the round rod 602, and the steel wire is tied to the support net 1. The support net 1 is assisted and fixed by the steel wire. In this way, the position between the support net 1 and the support frame 2 can be further fixed, making it difficult for the support net 1 to slide and providing a more stable support for the coal mine roadway.

[0046] The above-disclosed are only several specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined support device for strongly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone, characterized in that, It includes a support net (1), a support frame (2), support columns (3), a collapse detection support mechanism (8), long anchor rods (9), short anchor rods (10), a first displacement monitoring unit (11), and a second displacement monitoring unit (12); The support net (1) is arranged on the upper side of the support frame (2). The support frame (2) is provided with an arc portion and a vertical portion. The support columns (3) are arranged on the lower side of the support frame (2); The collapse detection support mechanism (8) includes an upper locking sleeve (801) and a lower locking sleeve (802). An upper locking groove (8011) is arranged inside the upper locking sleeve (801), and a lower locking groove (8021) is arranged inside the lower locking sleeve (802). The upper locking groove (8011) and the lower locking groove (8021) together form a circular groove, and the circular groove cooperates with the support rods inside the support net (1); The long anchor rod (9) and the short anchor rod (10) are both inserted into the upper locking sleeve (801). The first displacement monitoring unit (11) is arranged on the long anchor rod (9), and the second displacement monitoring unit (12) is arranged inside the short anchor rod (10).

2. The combined support device for highly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone according to claim 1, characterized in that At least two insertion plates (201) are arranged at the bottom of the support frame (2). A slot (301) is arranged inside the support column (3). Two of the insertion plates (201) inside the support frame (2) respectively cooperate with the slots (301) in the two support columns (3).

3. The combined support device for highly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone according to claim 2, characterized in that, A square frame (4) is sleeved outside the support frame (2). The square frame (4) is movably connected to the support column (3). The square frame (4) is sleeved on the vertical portion of the support frame (2). A fastening bolt (5) is screwed into the square frame (4), and the fastening bolt (5) passes through the support column (3) and is screwed into the insertion plate (201).

4. The combined support device for strongly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone according to claim 1, wherein, A bottom frame (7) is sleeved at the bottom of the support column (3).

5. The combined support device for highly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone as claimed in claim 1, wherein, A number of net auxiliary support mechanisms (6) are arranged on the support frame (2), and the net auxiliary support mechanisms (6) are arranged on the arc portion of the support frame (2).

6. The combined support device for highly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone according to claim 5, characterized in that, The net auxiliary support mechanism (6) includes an upper arc plate (601) and a round rod (602). The upper arc plate (601) is located on the upper side of the support frame (2). The round rod (602) is arranged on the upper side of the upper arc plate (601), and the round rod (602) is inserted into the grid in the support net (1). A steel wire is wound around the outside of the round rod (602), and the steel wire is tied to the support net (1).

7. The combined support device for highly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone according to claim 6, characterized in that, The net auxiliary support mechanism (6) further includes upper side plates (603), an adjustment shaft (604), lower side plates (605), a lower arc plate (606), and positioning bolts (607). There are two upper side plates (603), and the two upper side plates (603) are respectively located on both sides of the upper arc plate (601), and the two upper side plates (603) are respectively arranged on both sides of the arc portion of the support frame (2). The adjustment shaft (604) is inserted into the arc groove (202).

8. The combined support device for highly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone according to claim 7, characterized in that, Two of the adjusting shafts (604) are respectively inserted into two lower side plates (605). The lower side plates (605) are respectively located on both sides of the support frame (2). The lower arc-shaped plate (606) is located between the two lower side plates (605), and both ends of the lower arc-shaped plate (606) are respectively connected to the two lower side plates (605). The upper end surface of the lower arc-shaped plate (606) is in contact with the lower end surface of the inner arc-shaped part of the support frame (2).

9. The combined support device for strongly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone according to claim 8, characterized in that, The positioning bolt (607) penetrates through the lower arc-shaped plate (606), and a number of positioning grooves which are evenly spaced and cooperate with the positioning bolt (607) are arranged in the support frame (2).

10. The combined support device for strongly expansive soft rock in a fault tectonic zone according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two intermediate holes (8012) are arranged in the upper locking sleeve (801). The long anchor rod (9) and the short anchor rod (10) are respectively inserted into the two intermediate holes (8012).

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