Centrifugal gear shifting planetary gear type automatic transmission for new energy commercial vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of transmissions, and particularly discloses a centrifugal shift planetary gear type automatic transmission for a new energy commercial vehicle, which comprises a casing, a planet carrier and a motor, the motor is connected with a sun gear through a spline, a first brake block is mounted in the casing, and the planet carrier is fixedly connected with an oil cylinder and an oil pump body respectively. A second oil pump gear is installed on the oil pump body, and a gear ring is arranged in the machine shell. According to the transmission, through the ingenious structural design, automatic gear shifting is achieved through centrifugal force, an additional electronic control system is not needed, the cost and the failure rate are reduced, meanwhile, through the dual-braking mode of friction braking between the brake block and the gear ring and oil supply strengthening of the oil pump body, the reliability and stability in the high-speed working state are guaranteed, and the service life of the transmission is prolonged. In addition, the working states of the large transmission ratio and the small transmission ratio are switched, the power requirements of the vehicle under different driving working conditions can be met, and the power performance and economy of the vehicle are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of transmissions, and particularly relates to a centrifugal shift planetary gear type automatic transmission for new energy commercial vehicles. Background Art

[0002] In the field of new energy commercial vehicles, as a core component of the power transmission system, the performance of the transmission directly affects the power performance, economy and driving comfort of the whole vehicle. Currently, the mainstream transmission technology for new energy commercial vehicles is mainly the automated mechanical transmission (AMT). The AMT transmission realizes the automated operation of the manual transmission by integrating advanced automatic control technology, effectively reducing the labor intensity of the driver and improving driving convenience.

[0003] From the perspective of technical implementation, the AMT transmission usually adopts a design scheme of multiple external gear meshes, and precisely selects and switches different gear sets through a complex internal shift mechanism to meet the power requirements of the vehicle under different driving conditions. In terms of shift execution, the AMT transmission mainly relies on an electric actuator or a pneumatic actuator, which can quickly and accurately complete the shift action according to the instructions of the control system to ensure the continuity and stability of power transmission.

[0004] Although the AMT transmission has been widely used in the field of new energy commercial vehicles, there are still some problems to be solved in its actual application process: Since the AMT transmission needs to go through multiple stages such as power interruption, gear meshing, and power recovery during the shift process, if the switching of these stages is not smooth enough, it is easy to cause the vehicle to experience a jerky phenomenon, affecting driving comfort. Especially in urban congested road conditions, frequent shift operations will exacerbate the jerky feeling, bringing a bad experience to the driver and passengers. Therefore, a centrifugal shift planetary gear type automatic transmission for new energy commercial vehicles is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a centrifugal shift planetary gear type automatic transmission for new energy commercial vehicles to solve the problem of jerky shifting of commercial vehicles in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A centrifugal shift planetary gear automatic transmission for new energy commercial vehicles includes a casing, a planetary carrier and a motor, the motor being connected to a sun gear via a spline, a first brake block being installed inside the casing, a cylinder and an oil pump body being fixedly connected to the planetary carrier respectively, a second oil pump gear being installed on the oil pump body, a gear ring being provided inside the casing, a second brake block being connected to the gear ring, a third brake block being installed inside the oil cylinder, a first oil pump gear being installed on the gear ring, the outer wall of the sun gear being meshingly connected to a planetary gear, and an oil pipe being connected between the oil pump body and the third brake block.

[0008] From the above, it can be seen that the sun gear and the external motor are connected to transmit power through a spline connection. The first brake block is installed in the casing and can move radially. A groove is provided in the ring gear. The second brake block is installed in the groove and can move radially. Under low speed conditions, the first spring is in a compressed state, pushing the first brake block to embed into the groove of the ring gear, locking the ring gear and the casing. At this time, it is in a large transmission ratio transmission working state; a cylindrical groove is machined on the planetary carrier, and a cylindrical groove is machined on the third brake block. The two ends of the piston are respectively installed in the cylindrical grooves of the planetary carrier and the third brake block. The third brake block can move axially along the piston. Three third brake blocks are installed within a 360° circumference. Three second springs are installed between the three third brake blocks. The spring is in a stretched state. The third brake block An oil pump body is provided on the upper part, the first oil pump gear and the ring gear are fixed together, the second oil pump gear is installed on the oil pump body, and the oil pipe is installed in the third brake block for supplying oil to the oil pump. Under high speed conditions, the third brake block moves outward due to centrifugal force, and the third brake block pushes the second brake block to move outward, thereby pushing the first brake block to move outward, separating the ring gear from the casing, and at the same time, braking is achieved due to friction between the third brake block and the ring gear. At the same time, the second oil pump gear is meshed with the first oil pump gear. If slippage occurs between the third brake block and the ring gear, the second oil pump gear drives the first oil pump gear to rotate, driving the oil pump body to inject oil into the oil cylinder, thereby pushing the third brake block to move outward, and achieving braking with the ring gear. At this time, it is in a working state with a small transmission ratio;

[0009] Through the above technical solution, this transmission cleverly utilizes the centrifugal force generated during vehicle driving to achieve automatic switching from a low-speed large transmission ratio to a high-speed small transmission ratio. When the vehicle is driving at a low speed, the first spring pushes the first brake block into the first groove on the gear ring, locking the gear ring and the housing to achieve large transmission ratio transmission, providing strong torque to adapt to working conditions such as starting and climbing; when driving at a high speed, the centrifugal force causes the third brake block to move outwards, pushing the second brake block and the first brake block to move, releasing the locking of the gear ring. At the same time, the third brake block and the gear ring are frictionally braked to achieve small transmission ratio transmission, meeting the high-speed cruising requirements; this automatic shifting mechanism does not require an additional electronic control system, reducing system complexity and cost, improving the reliability and response speed of shifting, enabling the vehicle to automatically adjust the transmission ratio according to the driving state, and enhancing driving performance and efficiency;

[0010] The large transmission ratio mode provides high torque output at low speeds, ensuring smooth starting and climbing of the vehicle; the small transmission ratio mode reduces the engine speed at high speeds, reducing fuel consumption and emissions, conforming to the development trend of energy conservation and environmental protection of new energy commercial vehicles. Through automatic shifting, the transmission can always work at the optimal transmission ratio, improving power transmission efficiency and reducing energy loss;

[0011] In the high-speed working state, the dual braking method of frictional braking between the third brake block and the gear ring and enhanced oil supply of the oil pump body provides reliable braking protection for the transmission. When sliding occurs between the third brake block and the gear ring, the second oil pump gear drives the first oil pump gear to rotate, driving the oil pump body to inject oil into the inside of the oil cylinder, further pushing the third brake block outwards and enhancing the friction force with the gear ring to achieve more reliable braking; this dual braking mechanism effectively prevents the risk of braking failure, improves the stability and safety of the transmission during high-speed operation, and ensures the driving safety of the vehicle;

[0012] The third brake block is fixedly arranged with the oil pump body and is connected to the oil cylinder through the second spring. This structural design enables the third brake block to move stably under the action of centrifugal force and oil pressure, while maintaining good contact with the gear ring. The elastic action of the first spring and the second spring not only provides the power for the movement of the brake block, but also plays a role in buffering and shock absorption, reducing wear and impact between components, and improving the structural stability and durability of the transmission.

[0013] Preferably, a first spring is connected between the housing and the first brake block, and a second spring is connected between the oil cylinder and the third brake block.

[0014] Preferably, a first groove is provided on the gear ring, and the second brake block is installed on the gear ring through the first groove.

[0015] Preferably, the third brake block and the oil pump body are fixedly arranged.

[0016] Preferably, cylindrical grooves are formed on both the planet carrier and the third brake block, and both ends of the oil cylinder are respectively installed on the planet carrier and the third brake block through the cylindrical grooves.

[0017] Preferably, the meshing transmission ratio of the first oil pump gear to the second oil pump gear is set to 1:1.

[0018] Preferably, the inside of the oil pump body is communicated with the inside of the oil cylinder, and the oil pipe is communicated with the inside of the oil pump body.

[0019] In summary, through a clever structural design, this transmission realizes automatic shifting by using centrifugal force, without the need for an additional electronic control system, reducing costs and failure rates. At the same time, through the dual braking methods of frictional braking between the brake block and the ring gear and enhanced oil supply by the oil pump body, the reliability and stability in the high-speed working state are ensured. In addition, the switching between the working states of large transmission ratio and small transmission ratio can meet the power requirements of the vehicle under different driving conditions, improving the power performance and economy of the vehicle;

[0020] At the same time, this technical solution innovatively adopts a planetary gear structure to achieve multi-gear power transmission, completely subverting the "big and bulky" image of traditional transmissions. Through a precise gear set layout and modular integrated design, the multi-gear switching function is realized within a limited space, reducing the volume and weight of the AMT transmission. This breakthrough design not only releases valuable chassis space for new energy commercial vehicles, but also significantly reduces the vehicle's self-weight, directly improving the cruising range and cargo capacity, perfectly meeting the stringent requirements of commercial vehicles for space utilization and lightweight.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] This transmission cleverly utilizes the centrifugal force generated during vehicle driving to achieve automatic switching from a low-speed large transmission ratio to a high-speed small transmission ratio. When the vehicle is driving at a low speed, the first spring pushes the first brake block into the first groove on the ring gear, locking the ring gear and the housing to achieve large transmission ratio transmission, providing strong torque to adapt to working conditions such as starting and climbing; when driving at a high speed, the centrifugal force causes the third brake block to move outwards, pushing the second brake block and the first brake block to move, releasing the locking of the ring gear. At the same time, the third brake block and the ring gear are frictionally braked to achieve small transmission ratio transmission, meeting the high-speed cruising requirements; this automatic shifting mechanism does not require an additional electronic control system, reducing system complexity and costs, improving the reliability and response speed of shifting, enabling the vehicle to automatically adjust the transmission ratio according to the driving state, and enhancing driving performance and efficiency;

[0023] Through ingenious structural design, this transmission realizes automatic gear shifting by using centrifugal force, without the need for an additional electronic control system, reducing costs and failure rates. At the same time, through the dual braking methods of frictional braking between the brake block and the gear ring and enhanced oil supply by the oil pump body, the reliability and stability under high-speed working conditions are ensured. In addition, the switching between the working states of large transmission ratios and small transmission ratios can meet the power requirements of vehicles under different driving conditions, improving the power performance and economy of the vehicles;

[0024] At the same time, this technical solution innovatively adopts a planetary gear structure to achieve multi-gear power transmission, completely subverting the "big and bulky" image of traditional transmissions. Through the precise layout of the gear set and modular integrated design, the multi-gear switching function is realized within a limited space, reducing the volume and weight of the AMT transmission. This breakthrough design not only releases valuable chassis space for new energy commercial vehicles, but also significantly reduces the self-weight of the whole vehicle, directly improving the cruising range and cargo capacity, perfectly meeting the stringent requirements of commercial vehicles for space utilization and lightweight. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is the front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is the back view structural diagram of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. sun gear; 2. planet gear; 3. gear ring; 4. housing; 5. planet carrier; 6. first spring; 7. first brake block; 8. second brake block; 9. oil cylinder; 10. second spring; 11. third brake block; 12. oil pipe; 13. oil pump body; 14. first oil pump gear; 15. second oil pump gear; 16. motor. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] Such as Figures 1-3As shown, a centrifugal shift planetary gear automatic transmission for new energy commercial vehicles includes a housing 4, a planetary carrier 5 and a motor 16. The motor 16 is splined to the sun gear 1. A first brake block 7 is installed inside the housing 4. The planetary carrier 5 is fixedly connected to the oil cylinder 9 and the oil pump body 13 respectively. The oil pump body 13 is mounted on the second oil pump gear 15. The housing 4 is provided with a ring gear 3. The ring gear 3 is connected to the second brake block 8. The cylinder 9 is mounted inside the third brake block 11. The ring gear 3 is mounted on the first oil pump gear 14. The outer wall of the sun gear 1 is meshingly connected to the planetary gear 2. An oil pipe 12 is connected between the oil pump body 13 and the third brake block 11.

[0031] The present invention is further specifically described in detail. A first spring 6 is connected between the housing 4 and the first brake pad 7, and a second spring 10 is connected between the oil cylinder 9 and the third brake pad 11; a first groove is provided on the ring gear 3, and the second brake pad 8 is mounted on the ring gear 3 through the first groove; the third brake pad 11 and the oil pump body 13 are fixedly arranged; a cylindrical groove is provided on both the planetary carrier 5 and the third brake pad 11, and the two ends of the oil cylinder 9 are respectively mounted on the planetary carrier 5 and the third brake pad 11 through the cylindrical grooves; the meshing transmission ratio of the first oil pump gear 14 and the second oil pump gear 15 is set at 1:1; the oil pump body 13 is connected to the interior of the oil cylinder 9, and the oil pipe 12 is connected to the interior of the oil pump body 13;

[0032] As can be seen from the above, the sun gear 1 and the external motor 16 are connected by splines to transmit power. The first brake block 7 is installed in the housing 4 and can move radially. There is a groove in the ring gear 3, and the second brake block 8 is installed in the groove and can move radially. In the low-speed case, the first spring 6 is in a compressed state, pushing the first brake block 7 into the groove of the ring gear 3 to lock the ring gear 3 and the housing 4. At this time, it is in the working state of large transmission ratio; there is a cylindrical groove machined on the planet carrier 5, and a cylindrical groove is machined on the third brake block 11. Both ends of the piston 9 are installed in the cylindrical grooves of the planet carrier 5 and the third brake block 11 respectively. The third brake block 11 can move axially along the piston. Three third brake blocks 11 are installed within a 360° circumference, and three second springs 10 are installed between the three third brake blocks 11. The springs are in a stretched state. There is an oil pump body 13 on the third brake block 11. The first oil pump gear 14 is fixed to the ring gear 3. The second oil pump gear 15 is installed on the oil pump body 13. The oil pipe 12 is installed in the third brake block 11 for supplying oil to the oil pump. In the high-speed case, the third brake block 11 moves outwards due to the centrifugal force. The third brake block 11 pushes the second brake block 8 outwards, thereby pushing the first brake block 7 outwards, separating the ring gear 3 from the housing 4. At the same time, braking is achieved between the third brake block 11 and the ring gear 3 due to friction. At the same time, the second oil pump gear 15 meshes with the first oil pump gear 14. If there is slippage between the third brake block 11 and the ring gear 3, the second oil pump gear 15 drives the first oil pump gear 14 to rotate, driving the oil pump body 13 to inject oil into the oil cylinder, thereby pushing the third brake block 11 outwards to achieve braking with the ring gear 3. At this time, it is in the working state of small transmission ratio;

[0033] Through the above technical solution settings, the specific working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0034] At low speeds, the first spring 6 is in a compressed state, applying an inward force to the first brake block 7 and pushing the first brake block 7 into the groove of the ring gear 3 to lock the ring gear 3 and the housing 4. At this time, the power of the motor 16 is transmitted to the sun gear 1 through the spline. The sun gear 1 drives the planet gear 2 to rotate. Since the ring gear 3 is locked, the planet gear 2 revolves around the sun gear 1 and rotates simultaneously, and outputs power through the planet carrier 5 to achieve a large transmission ratio and meet the demand for large torque when the vehicle is driving at low speed. When the vehicle enters the high-speed driving state, the third brake block 11 moves outward due to the centrifugal force. During the movement of the third brake block 11, it pushes the second brake block 8 to move outward, and the second brake block 8 further pushes the first brake block 7 to move outward, separating the ring gear 3 from the housing 4. Braking is achieved due to the frictional force between the third brake block 11 and the ring gear 3. At the same time, the second oil pump gear 15 meshes with the first oil pump gear 14. If there is slippage between the third brake block 11 and the ring gear 3, the second oil pump gear 15 drives the first oil pump gear 14 to rotate, driving the oil pump body 13 to work. The oil pump body 13 injects oil into the oil cylinder 9 through the oil pipe 12, increasing the pressure in the oil cylinder 9, further pushing the third brake block 11 to move outward, enhancing the frictional force between the third brake block 11 and the ring gear 3, and achieving more reliable braking. At this time, the ring gear 3 is separated from the housing 4 and is braked by the third brake block 11. The sun gear 1 continues to drive the planet gear 2 to rotate, but due to the braking effect of the ring gear 3, the motion state of the planet gear 2 changes, causing the rotational speed of the planet carrier 5 to increase relatively, achieving a small transmission ratio and meeting the demand for high speed when the vehicle is driving at high speed;

[0035] By setting the above technical solutions, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0036] This transmission ingeniously utilizes the centrifugal force generated during vehicle driving to achieve automatic switching from a large transmission ratio at low speed to a small transmission ratio at high speed. When the vehicle is driving at low speed, the first spring 6 pushes the first brake block 7 into the first groove on the ring gear 3 to lock the ring gear 3 and the housing 4, achieving a large transmission ratio and providing strong torque to adapt to working conditions such as starting and climbing slopes. When driving at high speed, the centrifugal force causes the third brake block 11 to move outward, pushing the second brake block 8 and the first brake block 7 to move, releasing the lock of the ring gear 3. At the same time, the third brake block 11 and the ring gear 3 are frictionally braked to achieve a small transmission ratio and meet the high-speed cruising demand. This automatic shifting mechanism does not require an additional electronic control system, reducing the system complexity and cost, improving the reliability and response speed of shifting, enabling the vehicle to automatically adjust the transmission ratio according to the driving state, and enhancing the driving performance and efficiency;

[0037] The large transmission ratio mode provides high torque output at low speeds, ensuring smooth vehicle starting and climbing; the small transmission ratio mode reduces the engine speed at high speeds, reducing fuel consumption and emissions, meeting the development trend of energy conservation and environmental protection of new energy commercial vehicles. Through automatic shifting, the transmission can always operate at the optimal transmission ratio, improving power transmission efficiency and reducing energy loss;

[0038] In the high-speed working state, the dual braking method of the frictional braking between the third brake block 11 and the ring gear 3 and the strengthened oil supply of the oil pump body 13 provides reliable braking protection for the transmission. When sliding occurs between the third brake block 11 and the ring gear 3, the second oil pump gear 15 drives the first oil pump gear 14 to rotate, driving the oil pump body 13 to inject oil into the interior of the oil cylinder 9, further pushing the third brake block 11 outward to enhance the frictional force with the ring gear 3 and achieve more reliable braking; this dual braking mechanism effectively prevents the risk of brake failure, improves the stability and safety of the transmission during high-speed operation, and ensures the driving safety of the vehicle;

[0039] The third brake block 11 is fixedly arranged with the oil pump body 13 and is connected to the oil cylinder 9 through the second spring 10. This structural design enables the third brake block 11 to move stably under the action of centrifugal force and oil pressure while maintaining good contact with the ring gear 3. The elastic action of the first spring 6 and the second spring 10 not only provides the power for the movement of the brake block but also plays a role in buffering and shock absorption, reducing wear and impact between components, and improving the structural stability and durability of the transmission;

[0040] The structural design of this transmission is simple, and the connection relationship between components is clear, reducing the use of complex mechanical structures and electronic components. For example, the shifting and braking functions are achieved through the combination of centrifugal force and springs, without the need for additional sensors and controllers, reducing manufacturing costs and system complexity; at the same time, the connection setting between the oil pump body 13, the oil cylinder 9, and the oil pipe 12 makes the oil circuit system more concise and efficient, reducing the risk of oil leakage and faults, and improving the reliability and maintainability of the transmission;

[0041] Due to the simple structure of the transmission and the clear connection relationship between components, maintenance and repair are more convenient. When a fault occurs in the transmission, technicians can quickly locate the fault point and perform maintenance and component replacement, reducing maintenance time and costs; in addition, this transmission uses durable materials and advanced manufacturing processes, improving the wear resistance and fatigue resistance of components, extending the service life of the transmission, and further reducing the use cost;

[0042] In summary, through ingenious structural design, this transmission realizes automatic gear shifting by utilizing centrifugal force, without the need for an additional electronic control system, reducing costs and failure rates. At the same time, through the friction braking between the brake block and the gear ring 3 and the dual braking method strengthened by the oil supply of the oil pump body 13, the reliability and stability under high-speed working conditions are ensured. In addition, the switching between the working states of large transmission ratios and small transmission ratios can meet the power requirements of the vehicle under different driving conditions, improving the power performance and economy of the vehicle;

[0043] At the same time, this technical solution innovatively adopts a planetary gear structure to achieve multi-gear power transmission, completely subverting the "big and bulky" image of traditional transmissions. Through the precise layout of the gear set and modular integrated design, the multi-gear switching function is realized within a limited space, reducing the volume and weight of the AMT transmission. This breakthrough design not only releases valuable chassis space for new energy commercial vehicles, but also significantly reduces the vehicle's own weight, directly increasing the cruising range and cargo capacity, perfectly meeting the stringent requirements of commercial vehicles for space utilization and lightweight.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A centrifugal shift planetary gear type automatic transmission for new energy commercial vehicles, characterized in that, The invention comprises a housing (4), a planetary carrier (5) and a motor (16), wherein the motor (16) is connected to a sun gear (1) via a spline, a first brake block (7) is installed inside the housing (4), an oil cylinder (9) and an oil pump body (13) are fixedly connected to the planetary carrier (5), a second oil pump gear (15) is installed on the oil pump body (13), a gear ring (3) is provided inside the housing (4), a second brake block (8) is connected to the gear ring (3), a third brake block (11) is installed inside the oil cylinder (9), a first oil pump gear (14) is installed on the gear ring (3), the outer wall of the sun gear (1) is meshingly connected to the planetary gear (2), and an oil pipe (12) is connected between the oil pump body (13) and the third brake block (11).

2. The centrifugal shift planetary gear type automatic transmission for new energy commercial vehicles according to claim 1, wherein: A first spring (6) is connected between the housing (4) and the first brake block (7), and a second spring (10) is connected between the oil cylinder (9) and the third brake block (11).

3. A centrifugal shift planetary gear type automatic transmission for new energy commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first groove is provided on the gear ring (3), and the second brake block (8) is mounted on the gear ring (3) through the first groove.

4. A centrifugal shift planetary gear type automatic transmission for new energy commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third brake block (11) and the oil pump body (13) are fixedly arranged.

5. A centrifugal shift planetary gear type automatic transmission for new energy commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planetary carrier (5) and the third brake block (11) are both provided with cylindrical grooves, and the two ends of the oil cylinder (9) are respectively mounted on the planetary carrier (5) and the third brake block (11) through the cylindrical grooves.

6. The centrifugal shift planetary gear type automatic transmission for new energy commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meshing transmission ratio between the first oil pump gear (14) and the second oil pump gear (15) is set to 1:

1.

7. A centrifugal shift planetary gear type automatic transmission for new energy commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil pump body (13) is connected to the interior of the oil cylinder (9), and the oil pipe (12) is connected to the interior of the oil pump body (13).

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