Intelligent land surveying and mapping gradiometer and surveying and mapping method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent land surveying and mapping gradiometer and a surveying and mapping method thereof, and relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping device.The intelligent land surveying and mapping gradiometer comprises a shell, a swing surveying and mapping plate is installed on the shell in a restrained mode, the two ends of the swing surveying and mapping plate are each fixedly provided with a surveying and mapping element, and a first rotating column and a second rotating column are fixedly installed on the swing surveying and mapping plate; a first limiting seat and a second limiting seat are fixedly installed on the shell, a limiting rod and a sliding plate are slidably installed on the shell, a rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the rotating plate and penetrates through the sliding plate to be fixedly connected with a rotating arm, and a guide wheel is fixedly installed at the free end of the rotating arm and slidably installed in a guide groove. According to the slope measurement device, slope measurement of multiple positions on a slope can be realized by surveying and mapping personnel at the same position through swinging of the swinging surveying and mapping plate, the slope measurement range is increased, the surveying and mapping workload of the surveying and mapping personnel is reduced, and the comprehensiveness of slope surveying and mapping data is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping equipment, and in particular to an intelligent land surveying and mapping gradient meter and its surveying and mapping method. Background Art

[0002] During the process of land surveying and mapping, surveyors use a gradient meter to measure the gradient of the slope to be surveyed, so as to obtain the gradient information of the slope to be surveyed. In order to ensure the accurate determination of the gradient information, surveyors need to hold the gradient meter and place it at different positions on the slope, and then read and record the data information on the gradient meter. This requires surveyors to hold the traditional gradient meter and constantly change positions, resulting in a large surveying and mapping workload. Moreover, surveyors holding the traditional gradient meter cannot measure the gradient of higher position points on the slope, resulting in incomplete gradient surveying and mapping data and inaccurate gradient information of the surveyed slope.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for an intelligent land surveying and mapping gradient meter and its surveying and mapping method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an intelligent land surveying and mapping gradient meter and its surveying and mapping method. By swinging the surveying and mapping board, surveyors can measure the gradients of multiple positions on the slope at the same position, increasing the range of gradient measurement, reducing the surveying and mapping workload of surveyors, and ensuring the comprehensiveness of gradient surveying and mapping data.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: An intelligent land surveying and mapping gradient meter includes a housing, on which a swinging surveying and mapping board for measuring the gradients of multiple positions is constrained and installed. The swinging surveying and mapping board is horizontally arranged, and a surveying element is fixedly installed at each end of the swinging surveying and mapping board. Vertically arranged first and second rotating columns are respectively fixedly installed at the bottoms of both ends of the swinging surveying and mapping board. A first limit seat for blocking the first rotating column at a first constrained position is fixedly installed on the housing, and a second limit seat for blocking the second rotating column at a second constrained position is fixedly installed on the housing. A limit rod for alternately limiting the blocked first and second rotating columns is slidably installed on the housing in the horizontal direction. A sliding plate horizontally arranged is slidably mounted on the housing along the extending direction of the limiting rod. The sliding plate is arranged on one side of the limiting rod. A rotating plate is horizontally arranged below the sliding plate. A rotating shaft is fixedly mounted on the rotating plate. The rotating shaft passes through the sliding plate and is fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged rotating arm. A guiding wheel is fixedly mounted at the free end of the rotating arm. A guiding groove is fixedly mounted on the housing. The guiding wheel is slidably mounted in the guiding groove. The guiding groove includes a straight groove and a reversing inclined groove which are integrally arranged. A connecting rod driving assembly is arranged between the swinging surveying plate and the rotating plate.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution, the connecting rod driving assembly includes a driving motor fixedly mounted on the rotating plate. The motor shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected with a first connecting rod. The free end of the first connecting rod is hinged with a second connecting rod. The free end of the second connecting rod is hinged on the swinging surveying plate.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the first limiting seat and the second limiting seat are symmetrically arranged. A first limiting groove adapted to the first rotating column is arranged on the first limiting seat. A second limiting groove adapted to the second rotating column is arranged on the second limiting seat.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, third limiting grooves adapted to the end portions of the limiting rod are respectively arranged on the first limiting seat and the second limiting seat.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, a slide rail is horizontally arranged on the housing. The sliding plate is slidably mounted on the slide rail. A horizontally arranged lead screw is rotatably mounted on the housing. A nut is threadedly mounted on the lead screw. The nut is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the sliding plate. A lead screw driving motor is fixedly mounted on the housing. The motor shaft of the lead screw driving motor is in transmission connection with the lead screw.

[0010] The surveying method of the intelligent land surveying slope meter specifically includes the following steps: S1. The slope meter is in an initial state: The first rotating column is limited at the first constraint position by the first limiting seat and the limiting rod. The second rotating column is in an unlocked state. The guiding wheel is located in the first straight groove. S2. Place the slope meter on the slope to be surveyed. In the initial state, the slope information of points A and B is obtained by the measurement of the two surveying elements. Under the drive of the connecting rod driving assembly and the sliding of the sliding plate, the swinging surveying plate rotates clockwise by a certain angle with the first rotating column as the rotation axis. During this process, the slope information of points C and D is obtained by the measurement of the surveying element at the free end. S3. The swing surveying board returns to the initial state, the limit rod slides, the second rotating column is limited at the second constraint position, and the first rotating column is in the unlocked state; S4. The sliding plate slides in the direction close to the second limit seat, the guide wheel enters the reversing chute, and the rotating plate rotates counterclockwise by 90 degrees; S5. Driven by the link drive assembly, the swing surveying board rotates counterclockwise by 180 degrees with the second rotating column as the rotation axis. During this process, the slope information of points E, F, G, and H is obtained through the measurement of the surveying element at the free end, that is, the slope information detection at multiple positions on the slope surface is completed, and the slope meter returns to the initial state to prepare for the next slope measurement.

[0011] Adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Since the intelligent land surveying slope meter includes a swing surveying board, during the process of measuring the slope of the slope surface, in the initial state, the slope information of points A and B is measured by two surveying elements through the swing surveying board. Through the cooperation of the link drive assembly and the sliding plate, the swing surveying board rotates clockwise from the initial state with the first rotating column as the axis to the upper swing end point. During this process, the slope information of points C and D is measured. The swing surveying board returns to the initial state and rotates counterclockwise with the second rotating column as the axis to the lower swing end point. During this process, the slope information of points E, F, G, and H is measured, that is, the slope measurement at different positions on the slope surface to be surveyed is completed, and the swing surveying board returns to the initial position.

[0012] In the present invention, through the swing of the swing surveying board, the surveyor can measure the slopes at multiple positions on the slope surface at the same position, increasing the range of slope measurement, reducing the surveying workload of the surveyor, and ensuring the comprehensiveness of the slope surveying data.

[0013] Since the intelligent land surveying slope meter includes a swing surveying board, in the present invention, a horizontally sliding limit rod, as well as the first limit seat and the second limit seat, are cleverly used to alternately constrain the two ends of the swing surveying board. Cooperating with the sliding plate and the link drive assembly, the rotation of the surveying board with the first limit column and the second limit column as the axes is realized, and the slope is measured at multiple positions during the rotation process, enabling the surveyor to measure the slopes at different position points on the slope surface at the same position, avoiding the surveyor from constantly changing the surveying position, thereby reducing the surveying workload of the surveyor and improving the efficiency of land slope surveying.

[0014] Since the intelligent land surveying and mapping inclinometer includes a connecting rod drive assembly, in the present invention, the drive motor drives the first connecting rod to rotate, the first connecting rod drives the second connecting rod to rotate, and the second connecting rod drives the swing surveying and mapping plate to rotate. At the same time, through the cooperation of the sliding plate, guide wheel and guide groove, the position rotation of the drive motor is realized, thereby increasing the swing angle of the swing surveying and mapping plate, enabling this inclinometer to be used to measure the slope of higher position points on the slope surface, and further improving the slope measurement range of this inclinometer.

[0015] Through the coordinated cooperation of the connecting rod drive assembly, the limit rod, the first limit seat and the second limit seat, the swing surveying and mapping plate realizes alternating swing with the first rotating column and the second rotating column as the rotation axes. At the same time, through the cooperation of the sliding plate, guide wheel and guide groove, the movement and rotation of the drive motor are realized, thereby increasing the swing angle of the swing surveying and mapping plate, improving the slope measurement range of this inclinometer, ensuring the comprehensiveness of the slope surveying and mapping data. By analyzing the comprehensive slope surveying and mapping data, the surveying personnel can obtain accurate slope information of the surveyed slope surface, making the land slope surveying and mapping more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the initial state of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a state reference diagram when the swing surveying and mapping plate rotates 90 degrees with the first rotating column as the axis; Figure 3 It is a state reference diagram when the swing surveying and mapping plate rotates a certain angle with the first rotating column as the axis; Figure 4 It is a state reference diagram when the rotating plate rotates 90 degrees; Figure 5 It is a state reference diagram when the swing surveying and mapping plate rotates 90 degrees with the second rotating column as the axis; Figure 6 For Figure 5 Left view; Figure 7 It is a state reference diagram when the swing surveying and mapping plate rotates 180 degrees with the second rotating column as the axis; Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating arm; Figure 9 For Figure 8 Top view; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the position of the slope information survey point; Figure 11 System structure block diagram of the controller.

[0018] Wherein: 1. Housing; 2. Swing surveying board; 3. Surveying element; 4. First rotating column; 5. Second rotating column; 6. First constraint position; 7. First limit seat; 8. Second constraint position; 9. Second limit seat; 10. Limit rod; 11. Slide plate; 12. Rotating plate; 13. Rotating shaft; 14. Rotating arm; 15. Guide wheel; 16. Guide groove; 17. Linear groove; 18. Reversing inclined groove; 19. Driving motor; 20. First connecting rod; 21. Second connecting rod; 22. First limit groove; 23. Second limit groove; 24. Third limit groove; 25. Slide rail; 26. Lead screw; 27. Nut; 28. Lead screw driving motor; 29. First baffle; 30. Second baffle; 31. Handheld handle; 32. Button; 33. Controller; 34. Power supply; 35. Guide sleeve; 36. Electric push rod; 37. Slope surface. Specific implementation mode

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1: As Figures 1-11 Collectively shown, an intelligent land surveying slope meter includes a housing 1, and a swing surveying board 2 for measuring the slopes at multiple positions is constrained and installed on the housing 1. The swing surveying board 2 is horizontally arranged, and a surveying element 3 is fixedly installed at each end of the swing surveying board 2.

[0021] Vertically arranged first rotating column 4 and second rotating column 5 are respectively fixedly installed at the bottoms of both ends of the swing surveying board 2. A first limit seat 7 for blocking the first rotating column 4 at the first constraint position 6 is fixedly installed on the housing 1, and a second limit seat 9 for blocking the second rotating column 5 at the second constraint position 8 is fixedly installed on the housing 1. A limit rod 10 for alternately limiting the blocked first rotating column 4 and second rotating column 5 is slidably installed on the housing 1 in the horizontal direction.

[0022] A sliding plate 11 is horizontally installed on the housing 1 and slides along the extending direction of the limiting rod 10. The sliding plate 11 is arranged on one side of the limiting rod 10. A rotating plate 12 is horizontally arranged below the sliding plate 11. A rotating shaft 13 is fixedly installed on the rotating plate 12. The rotating shaft 13 passes through the sliding plate 11 and is fixedly connected to a horizontally arranged rotating arm 14. A guiding wheel 15 is fixedly installed at the free end of the rotating arm 14. A guiding groove 16 is fixedly installed on the housing 1. The guiding wheel 15 is slidably installed in the guiding groove 16. The guiding groove 16 includes an integrally arranged straight groove 17 and a reversing inclined groove 18. A link driving assembly is arranged between the swinging mapping plate 2 and the rotating plate 12.

[0023] Among them, the link driving assembly includes a driving motor 19 fixedly installed on the rotating plate 12. The motor shaft of the driving motor 19 is fixedly connected to a first link 20. The free end of the first link 20 is hinged to a second link 21. The free end of the second link 21 is hinged to the swinging mapping plate 2.

[0024] In addition, the first limiting seat 7 and the second limiting seat 9 are symmetrically arranged. The first limiting seat 7 is provided with a first limiting groove 22 adapted to the first rotating column 4. The second limiting seat 9 is provided with a second limiting groove 23 adapted to the second rotating column 5.

[0025] Furthermore, the first limiting seat 7 and the second limiting seat 9 are respectively provided with third limiting grooves 24 adapted to the ends of the limiting rod 10.

[0026] Secondly, a slide rail 25 is horizontally arranged on the housing 1. The sliding plate 11 is slidably installed on the slide rail 25. A horizontally arranged lead screw 26 is rotatably installed on the housing 1. A nut 27 is threadedly installed on the lead screw 26. The nut 27 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding plate 11. A lead screw driving motor 28 is fixedly installed on the housing 1. The motor shaft of the lead screw driving motor is in transmission connection with the lead screw 26.

[0027] A first baffle 29 for blocking the swinging mapping plate 2 at the upper swinging end point is fixedly installed on the housing 1. A second baffle 30 for blocking the swinging mapping plate 2 at the lower swinging end point is fixedly installed on the housing 1.

[0028] The first constraint position 6 is arranged between the first limiting seat 7 and the limiting rod 10. The second constraint position 8 is arranged between the second limiting seat 9 and the limiting rod 10.

[0029] An electric push rod 36 is fixedly installed on the housing 1. The piston rod of the electric push rod 36 is fixedly connected to the limiting rod 10.

[0030] A handheld handle 31 and a button 32 are fixedly mounted on the housing 1, and also includes a controller 33. The button 32, the drive motor 19, the screw drive motor 28 and the electric push rod 36 are all electrically connected to the controller 33. In the present invention, the controller 33 adopts the HD64F36109HV model single-chip microcomputer of Renesas, and the two measuring elements both adopt the XK360D-77 single-axis digital output inclination sensor. The electric push rod 36 adopts the small DC electric telescopic rod electric push rod of Jetino.

[0031] A power supply 34 is fixedly mounted on the housing 1 , and the controller 33 , the drive motor 19 , the screw drive motor 28 , and the electric push rod 36 are all connected to the power supply 34 .

[0032] Two guide sleeves 35 are fixedly mounted on the housing 1 , and the limiting rod 10 is slidably mounted in the two guide sleeves 35 .

[0033] Example 2: The surveying method of the intelligent land surveying slope meter specifically includes the following steps: S1. The inclinometer is in the initial state: the first rotating column 4 is limited to the first restraining position 6 by the first limiting seat 7 and the limiting rod 10, the second rotating column 5 is in the unlocked state, and the guide wheel 15 is located in the first linear groove 17. Figure 1 shown.

[0034] S2. Place the inclinometer on the slope 36 to be measured. In the initial state, the two measuring elements 3 measure the slope information of points A and B. Driven by the connecting rod drive assembly and sliding of the sliding plate 11, the swinging measuring plate 2 rotates clockwise around the first rotating column 4 for a certain angle. During this process, the slope information of points C and D is measured by the measuring element 3 at the free end, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 3 Commonly shown.

[0035] S3, the swing surveying plate 2 returns to the initial state, the limit rod 10 slides, the second rotating column 5 is limited to the second restraining position 8, and the first rotating column 4 is in the unlocked state, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0036] S4, the sliding plate 11 slides toward the second limiting seat 9, the guide wheel 15 enters the reversing inclined groove 18, and the rotating plate 12 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise. Figure 4 shown.

[0037] S5. Driven by the connecting rod drive assembly, the swing surveying plate 2 rotates 180 degrees counterclockwise with the second rotating column 5 as the rotation axis. During this process, the slope information of points E, F, G and H is obtained by measuring the surveying element 3 at the free end, that is, the slope information detection of multiple positions of the slope surface 36 is completed, such as Figure 5And Figure 7 As shown together, this clinometer returns to the initial state to prepare for the next slope measurement.

[0038] In summary, through the swing of the surveying and mapping board, the surveyor of the present invention can achieve slope measurements at multiple positions on the slope at the same position, increasing the scope of slope measurement, reducing the surveying workload of the surveyor, and ensuring the comprehensiveness of slope surveying and mapping data.

[0039] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Intelligent land surveying and mapping gradient meter, including a housing, characterized in that, A swing mapping board for measuring the slopes at multiple positions is constrained and installed on the housing. The swing mapping board is horizontally arranged, and a mapping element is fixedly installed at each end of the swing mapping board. Vertically arranged first and second rotating columns are respectively and fixedly installed at the bottoms of the two ends of the swing mapping board. A first limit seat for blocking the first rotating column at a first constraint position is fixedly installed on the housing, and a second limit seat for blocking the second rotating column at a second constraint position is fixedly installed on the housing. A limit rod for alternately limiting the blocked first rotating column and the second rotating column is slidably installed on the housing in the horizontal direction. A horizontally arranged sliding plate is slidably installed on the housing along the extending direction of the limit rod. The sliding plate is arranged on one side of the limit rod. A rotating plate is horizontally arranged below the sliding plate. A rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the rotating plate. The rotating shaft passes through the sliding plate and is fixedly connected to a horizontally arranged rotating arm. A guide wheel is fixedly installed at the free end of the rotating arm. A guide groove is fixedly installed on the housing. The guide wheel is slidably installed in the guide groove. The guide groove includes an integrally arranged straight groove and a reversing inclined groove. A connecting rod driving assembly is arranged between the swing mapping board and the rotating plate.

2. The intelligent land surveying and mapping slope meter according to claim 1, wherein The connecting rod driving assembly includes a driving motor fixedly installed on the rotating plate. The motor shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected to a first connecting rod. The free end of the first connecting rod is hinged to a second connecting rod. The free end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the swing mapping board.

3. The intelligent land surveying and mapping slope meter according to claim 1, wherein, The first limit seat and the second limit seat are symmetrically arranged. A first limit groove adapted to the first rotating column is arranged on the first limit seat, and a second limit groove adapted to the second rotating column is arranged on the second limit seat.

4. The intelligent land surveying and mapping gradienter according to claim 3, wherein Third limit grooves adapted to the ends of the limit rod are respectively arranged on the first limit seat and the second limit seat.

5. The intelligent land surveying and mapping slope meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, A slide rail is horizontally arranged on the housing. The sliding plate is slidably installed on the slide rail. A horizontally arranged lead screw is rotatably installed on the housing. A nut is threadedly installed on the lead screw. The nut is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding plate. A lead screw driving motor is fixedly installed on the housing. The motor shaft of the lead screw driving motor is in transmission connection with the lead screw.

6. The surveying method of the intelligent land surveying slope meter according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1. The slope meter is in an initial state: the first rotating column is limited at the first constraint position by the first limit seat and the limit rod, the second rotating column is in an unlocked state, and the guide wheel is located in the first straight groove. S2. Place the slope meter on the slope to be mapped. In the initial state, the slope information of points A and B is measured by the two mapping elements. Under the drive of the connecting rod driving assembly and the sliding of the sliding plate, the swing mapping board rotates clockwise by a certain angle with the first rotating column as the rotation axis. During this process, the slope information of points C and D is measured by the mapping element at the free end. S3. The swinging surveying board returns to the initial state, the limiting rod slides, the second rotating column is limited at the second constraint position, and the first rotating column is in the unlocked state; S4. The sliding plate slides towards the direction close to the second limit seat, the guide wheel enters the reversing inclined groove, and the rotating plate rotates counterclockwise by 90 degrees; S5. Driven by the connecting rod drive assembly, the swinging surveying board rotates counterclockwise by 180 degrees with the second rotating column as the rotation axis. During this process, the slope information of points E, F, G, and H is obtained through the measurement of the surveying element at the free end, that is, the slope information detection of multiple positions on the slope surface is completed, and the slope meter returns to the initial state to prepare for the next slope measurement.

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