Vertical component transverse wave leakage interference suppression method and device for OBN data

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of geophysical exploration seismic data processing and interpretation, and particularly discloses a vertical component transverse wave leakage interference suppression method and device for OBN data, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the matching subtraction of a dynamically corrected P component and dynamically corrected X and Y components, and obtaining X and Y transverse wave leakage noise models; and performing least square multi-model multi-stage adaptive subtraction on the dynamically corrected Z component and X and Y transverse wave leakage noise models to obtain a Z component after output transverse wave leakage interference suppression. According to the method provided by the invention, useful information of P, Z, X and Y components is fully utilized, Z component transverse wave leakage interference is suppressed quickly and efficiently on the premise of amplitude preservation, and a guarantee is provided for subsequent high-precision processing and seismic imaging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of seismic data processing and interpretation in geophysical exploration, and particularly to a method and device for suppressing the interference of shear wave leakage in the vertical component of OBN data. Background Art

[0002] In marine seismic exploration, streamer acquisition is the most commonly used exploration method. However, due to the limitations of the observation method, the azimuth angle of streamer data is very narrow and the illumination is seriously insufficient. To solve this problem, marine exploration is constantly developing and progressing, and OBN acquisition has become a major trend. However, due to the characteristics of OBN acquisition data being different from streamers, the processing techniques and methods have also changed. Among them, suppressing the interference of shear wave leakage in the vertical component Z is the basis and key point for subsequent processing.

[0003] The interference of shear wave leakage in the vertical component Z of OBN acquisition data is widespread. These shear wave interferences will seriously affect the signal-to-noise ratio of the Z-component seismic data and have a greater impact on subsequent processing such as PZ merging, and amplitude-preserving suppression is required.

[0004] Currently, the commonly used method is to suppress using the differences in apparent velocities of the longitudinal wave signal in the Z component and the shear wave leakage noise, etc. However, there are some problems with such methods, such as signal amplitude preservation and shear wave leakage noise identification, etc. If the suppression is not good, it will have a great impact on subsequent processing.

[0005] Based on this technical background, the present invention has studied a method and device for suppressing the interference of shear wave leakage in the vertical component of OBN data. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and device for suppressing the interference of shear wave leakage in the vertical component of OBN data. This method makes full use of the useful information of the four components P, Z, X, and Y, and suppresses the interference of shear wave leakage in the Z component quickly and efficiently on the premise of amplitude preservation, providing guarantee for subsequent high-precision processing and seismic imaging.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for suppressing the interference of shear wave leakage in the vertical component of OBN data, including:

[0008] Matching and subtracting the post-moveout P component with the post-moveout X and Y components respectively to obtain the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models;

[0009] Performing least squares multi-model multi-stage adaptive subtraction on the post-moveout Z component and the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models to obtain the output Z component after suppressing the shear wave leakage interference.

[0010] The second aspect of the present invention provides a device for suppressing the vertical component shear wave leakage interference of OBN data, including:

[0011] A matching subtraction module for respectively matching and subtracting the P component after NMO from the X and Y components after NMO to obtain the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models;

[0012] An adaptive subtraction module for performing least squares multi-model multi-stage adaptive subtraction on the Z component after NMO and the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models to obtain the Z component after suppressing the output shear wave leakage interference.

[0013] The third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes:

[0014] A memory storing executable instructions;

[0015] A processor that runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the method for suppressing the vertical component shear wave leakage interference of OBN data described in the first aspect.

[0016] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for suppressing the vertical component shear wave leakage interference of OBN data described in the first aspect.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0018] (1) The method for suppressing the vertical component shear wave leakage interference of OBN data proposed by the present invention makes full use of the useful information of the four components of P, Z, X, and Y, and suppresses the shear wave leakage interference of the Z component quickly and efficiently on the premise of amplitude preservation, providing guarantee for subsequent high-precision processing and seismic imaging.

[0019] (2) The method for suppressing the vertical component shear wave leakage interference of OBN data proposed by the present invention obtains the Z component after suppressing the output shear wave leakage interference by performing least squares multi-model multi-stage adaptive subtraction on the Z component after NMO and the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models. The principle is simple and clear, the meaning is clear, the establishment of the shear wave leakage interference model is convenient, and the amplitude preservation is good. At the same time, the shear wave leakage of the Z component is suppressed cleanly, which can provide better basic data for PZ merging.

[0020] (3) The method for suppressing the vertical component shear wave leakage interference of OBN data proposed by the present invention is applicable to the processing of marine OBN acquisition data, eliminates the shear wave leakage problem on the vertical component caused by the inconsistent node placement angle with the actual design, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the vertical component, and provides good basic data for high-precision processing.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed implementation section. Description of the Drawings

[0022] By describing the exemplary embodiments of the present invention in more detail in conjunction with the drawings, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a method for suppressing the leakage interference of the vertical component shear wave in OBN data proposed by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic flowchart of a specific implementation manner of a method for suppressing the leakage interference of the vertical component shear wave in OBN data proposed by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram for comparing the suppression effect of the leakage interference of the Z - component shear wave in a specific implementation manner of a method for suppressing the leakage interference of the vertical component shear wave in OBN data proposed by the present invention. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0026] The following will describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention in more detail. Although the following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.

[0027] The present invention provides a method for suppressing the leakage interference of the vertical component shear wave in OBN data, as Figure 1 shown, including:

[0028] Matching and subtracting the P - component after NMO correction with the X - and Y - components after NMO correction respectively to obtain the X - and Y - shear wave leakage noise models;

[0029] Performing least - squares multi - model multi - stage adaptive subtraction on the Z - component after NMO correction and the X - and Y - shear wave leakage noise models to obtain the Z - component after suppressing the output shear wave leakage interference.

[0030] In the present invention, by making full use of the useful information of the four components of P, Z, X, and Y, on the premise of amplitude preservation, the leakage interference of the Z - component shear wave is suppressed quickly and efficiently, providing guarantee for subsequent high - precision processing and seismic imaging.

[0031] According to the present invention, the P, Z, X, and Y components are all extracted from the common - geophone - point gather.

[0032] According to the present invention, the NMO corrections of P, X, and Y are all fourth - order NMO corrections.

[0033] According to the present invention, matching and subtracting the P - component after NMO correction with the X - and Y - components after NMO correction respectively to obtain the X - and Y - shear wave leakage noise models includes:

[0034] The P component after NMO is subtracted from the X component after NMO in a matching manner to obtain the X shear wave leakage noise model;

[0035] The P component after NMO is subtracted from the Y component after NMO in a matching manner to obtain the Y shear wave leakage noise model.

[0036] Preferably, the process of subtracting the P component after NMO from the X component after NMO in a matching manner to obtain the X shear wave leakage noise model includes:

[0037] The P component after NMO is subtracted from the longitudinal wave signal of the X component after NMO in a matching manner to obtain the X shear wave leakage noise model;

[0038] The process of subtracting the P component after NMO from the Y component after NMO in a matching manner to obtain the Y shear wave leakage noise model includes:

[0039] The P component after NMO is subtracted from the longitudinal wave signal of the Y component after NMO in a matching manner to obtain the Y shear wave leakage noise model.

[0040] In the present invention, by performing least - squares multi - model multi - level adaptive subtraction on the Z component after NMO and the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models, the Z component after suppressing the shear wave leakage interference is obtained. The principle is simple and clear, the meaning is definite, the establishment of the shear wave leakage interference model is convenient, and the amplitude preservation is good. At the same time, the shear wave leakage of the Z component is suppressed cleanly, which can provide better basic data for PZ merging.

[0041] According to the present invention, the formula used for matching subtraction is:

[0042] min||P(i, j, k)-M(i, j, k)*X(i, j, k)||2;

[0043] min||P(i, j, k)-M(i, j, k)*Y(i, j, k)||2;

[0044] Where i and j are spatial coordinates, k is the time coordinate, and M is the filtering factor.

[0045] Preferably, the formula used for least - squares multi - model multi - level adaptive subtraction is:

[0046] min||Z(i, j, k)-A(i, j, k)*Model1(i, j, k)-B(i, j, k)*Model2(i, j, k)||2;

[0047] Where Model1 and Model2 are noise model 1 and noise model 2 respectively, and A and B are the filtering factors of noise model 1 and noise model 2 respectively.

[0048] The pressing method in the present invention is applicable to the processing of marine OBN acquisition data, eliminates the problem of shear wave leakage in the vertical component caused by the inconsistent placement angle of nodes with the actual design, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the vertical component, and provides good basic data for high-precision processing.

[0049] The present invention will be described in more detail below through embodiments.

[0050] Embodiment 1:

[0051] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment provides a method for suppressing shear wave leakage interference in the vertical component of OBN data, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0052] 1) Extracting the common geophone point gathers of P, Z, X, and Y components;

[0053] 2) Performing NMO processing on P, Z, X, and Y components;

[0054] 3) Subtracting the P component from the X and Y components adaptively respectively to output the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models;

[0055] 4) Performing least squares multi-model multi-level adaptive subtraction on the Z component and the X and Y noise models;

[0056] 5) Outputting the Z component after suppressing the shear wave leakage interference.

[0057] Figure 2 For the suppression effect of the shear wave leakage interference of the Z component in this embodiment, where the left is the Z component before suppression, the middle is the Z component after suppression, and the right is the noise model. It can be clearly seen that the shear wave leakage interference of the Z component after suppression is eliminated, and the signal-to-noise ratio is greatly improved.

[0058] Embodiment 2:

[0059] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a method for suppressing shear wave leakage interference in the vertical component of OBN data, including:

[0060] Subtracting the NMO-corrected P component from the NMO-corrected X and Y components respectively to obtain the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models;

[0061] Performing least squares multi-model multi-level adaptive subtraction on the NMO-corrected Z component and the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models to obtain the output Z component after suppressing the shear wave leakage interference;

[0062] In this embodiment, the P, Z, X, and Y components are all obtained by extracting the common geophone point gathers;

[0063] The NMO of P, X, and Y is all fourth-order NMO;

[0064] The P component after NMO is respectively matched and subtracted from the X and Y components after NMO to obtain the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models, including:

[0065] The longitudinal wave signal of the P component after NMO is matched and subtracted from the longitudinal wave signal of the X component after NMO to obtain the X shear wave leakage noise model;

[0066] The longitudinal wave signal of the P component after NMO is matched and subtracted from the longitudinal wave signal of the Y component after NMO to obtain the Y shear wave leakage noise model;

[0067] In this embodiment, the formula used for matching and subtraction is:

[0068] min||P(i,j,k)-M(i,j,k)*X(i,j,k)||2;

[0069] min||P(i,j,k)-M(i,j,k)*Y(i,j,k)||2;

[0070] where i and j are spatial coordinates, k is the time coordinate, and M is the filtering factor;

[0071] The formula used for least squares multi-model multi-stage adaptive subtraction is:

[0072] min||Z(i,j,k)-A(i,j,k)*Model1(i,j,k)-B(i,j,k)*Model2(i,j,k)||2;

[0073] where Model1 and Model2 are the noise models 1 and 2 respectively, and A and B are the filtering factors of the noise models 1 and 2 respectively.

[0074] Embodiment 3:

[0075] This embodiment provides a device for suppressing shear wave leakage interference in the vertical component of OBN data, including:

[0076] A matching and subtraction module, configured to respectively match and subtract the P component after NMO from the X and Y components after NMO to obtain the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models;

[0077] An adaptive subtraction module, configured to perform least squares multi-model multi-stage adaptive subtraction on the Z component after NMO and the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models to obtain the Z component after suppressing the output shear wave leakage interference;

[0078] In this embodiment, the P, Z, X, and Y components are all obtained by extracting from the common geophone gather;

[0079] The NMO of P, X, and Y is all fourth-order NMO;

[0080] The P component after NMO is respectively matched and subtracted from the X and Y components after NMO to obtain the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models, including:

[0081] The P component after NMO is matched and subtracted from the longitudinal wave signal of the X component after NMO to obtain the X shear wave leakage noise model;

[0082] The P component after NMO is matched and subtracted from the longitudinal wave signal of the Y component after NMO to obtain the Y shear wave leakage noise model;

[0083] In this embodiment, the formula used for matching and subtraction is:

[0084] min||P(i, j, k) - M(i, j, k) * X(i, j, k)||2;

[0085] min||P(i, j, k) - M(i, j, k) * Y(i, j, k)||2;

[0086] where i and j are spatial coordinates, k is the time coordinate, and M is the filtering factor;

[0087] The formula used for least squares multi-model multi-stage adaptive subtraction is:

[0088] min||Z(i, j, k) - A(i, j, k) * Model1(i, j, k) - B(i, j, k) * Model2(i, j, k)||2;

[0089] where Model1 and Model2 are noise model 1 and noise model 2 respectively, and A and B are the filtering factors of noise model 1 and noise model 2 respectively.

[0090] Example 4:

[0091] An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor,

[0092] The memory stores executable instructions;

[0093] The processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the method for suppressing shear wave leakage interference in the vertical component of OBN data.

[0094] The memory is used to store non-temporary computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, and the computer program products may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory, etc. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0095] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In one embodiment of the present invention, the processor is used to run the computer-readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0096] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to obtain good user experience effects, well-known structures such as communication buses and interfaces may also be included in this embodiment, and these well-known structures should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0097] For a detailed description of this embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, and details will not be repeated here.

[0098] Embodiment Five:

[0099] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements a method for suppressing the leakage interference of the vertical component of OBN data shear wave.

[0100] According to the computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the present invention, non-transitory computer-readable instructions are stored thereon. When the non-transitory computer-readable instructions are run by a processor, all or part of the steps of the methods of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention are executed.

[0101] The above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium includes but is not limited to: optical storage media (such as CD-ROM and DVD), magneto-optical storage media (such as MO), magnetic storage media (such as magnetic tapes or external hard drives), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memories (such as memory cards), and media with built-in ROMs (such as ROM cartridges).

[0102] The method for suppressing the leakage interference of the vertical component of OBN data shear wave proposed in the embodiment of the present invention makes full use of the useful information of the P, Z, X, and Y components, and suppresses the leakage interference of the Z-component shear wave quickly and efficiently on the premise of amplitude preservation, providing guarantee for subsequent high-precision processing and seismic imaging.

[0103] The above has described the embodiments of the present invention. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for suppressing the interference of the leakage of the shear wave in the vertical component of OBN data, characterized in that Including: Performing matching subtraction on the P component after NMO correction with the X and Y components after NMO correction respectively to obtain the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models; Performing least squares multi-model multi-stage adaptive subtraction on the Z component after NMO correction with the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models to obtain the Z component after suppressing the output shear wave leakage interference.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The P, Z, X, and Y components are all extracted through a common geophone gather.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The NMO corrections for P, X, and Y are all fourth-order NMO corrections.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Performing matching subtraction on the P component after NMO correction with the X and Y components after NMO correction respectively to obtain the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models includes: Performing matching subtraction on the P component after NMO correction with the X component after NMO correction to obtain the X shear wave leakage noise model; Performing matching subtraction on the P component after NMO correction with the Y component after NMO correction to obtain the Y shear wave leakage noise model.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein Performing matching subtraction on the P component after NMO correction with the X component after NMO correction to obtain the X shear wave leakage noise model includes: Performing matching subtraction on the longitudinal wave signal of the P component after NMO correction with the X component after NMO correction to obtain the X shear wave leakage noise model; Performing matching subtraction on the P component after NMO correction with the Y component after NMO correction to obtain the Y shear wave leakage noise model includes: Performing matching subtraction on the longitudinal wave signal of the P component after NMO correction with the Y component after NMO correction to obtain the Y shear wave leakage noise model.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The formula used for the matching subtraction is: min||P(i, j, k) - M(i, j, k) * X(i, j, k)||2; min||P(i, j, k) - M(i, j, k) * Y(i, j, k)||2; where i and j are spatial coordinates, k is the time coordinate, and M is the filtering factor.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The formula used for the least squares multi-model multi-stage adaptive subtraction is: min||Z(i, j, k) - A(i, j, k) * Model1(i, j, k) - B(i, j, k) * Model2(i, j, k)||2; where Model1 and Model2 are the noise model 1 and the noise model 2 respectively, and A and B are the filtering factors of the noise model 1 and the noise model 2 respectively.

8. An apparatus for suppressing the interference of the vertical component shear wave leakage in OBN data, characterized in that Including: A matching subtraction module, configured to perform matching subtraction on the P component after NMO correction with the X and Y components after NMO correction respectively to obtain the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models; An adaptive subtraction module, configured to perform least squares multi-model multi-stage adaptive subtraction on the Z component after NMO correction with the X and Y shear wave leakage noise models to obtain the Z component after suppressing the output shear wave leakage interference.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: A memory storing executable instructions; A processor, where the processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the method for suppressing shear wave leakage interference of the vertical component of OBN data according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for suppressing shear wave leakage interference of the vertical component of OBN data according to any one of claims 1-7.

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