Chinese lute

Abstract

A lute comprises a guitar head, a guitar neck and a guitar box. The guitar box is composed of a panel, a back plate and side plates. Wherein the panel and the back plate are oppositely and separately arranged, and the side plates are arranged on the periphery of a cavity formed between the panel and the back plate in a surrounding mode, so that a resonance box is formed. The novel Chinese lute provided by the invention is beneficial to control of manufacturing fineness, can ensure sound quality of the Chinese lute, reduces the weight of the finished Chinese lute, and avoids consumption of a large amount of wood. Besides, through a series of related structure arrangements, reasonable material selection of the Chinese lute is realized, and the Chinese lute has better tone quality, longer service life and lower maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a pipa, and in particular to a pipa; belonging to the technology of musical instrument manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] The pipa is a traditional plucked string instrument made of wood. Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in terms of structure, the existing pipa has an overall semi-pear-shaped shape. It mainly consists of a peghead 01 at the upper part, a sound box 03 at the lower part, and a neck 02 disposed between the peghead 01 and the sound box 03. The sound box 03 is mainly formed by gluing a front panel 031 and a back panel 032. Among them, the front panel 031 is a flat plate, and the inner side of the back panel 032 has a concave cavity 033. The front panel 031 is adhered to one side of the cavity 033 of the back panel 032, and together with the back panel 032, the cavity 033 forms a resonance box. A plurality of tuning pegs 05 are rotatably disposed on the neck 02, and a string rest 06 is fixedly disposed at a position slightly lower on the front panel 031. Both ends of a plurality of strings 04 are respectively fixed to the tuning pegs 05 and the string rest 06; a plurality of frets 07 are parallel to each other and are disposed on the upper surface of the front panel 031 intersecting with the plurality of strings 04. When any tuning peg 05 is rotated forward or backward, the corresponding string 04 of the tuning peg 05 is tightened or loosened.

[0003] In terms of manufacturing, the back panel 032 of the sound box 03 of the existing pipa usually needs to be made of a whole piece of wood with sufficient thickness and sufficient size. The specific manufacturing method is to first chisel a cavity 033 on the aforementioned whole piece of wood, and then polish the back of the wood forming the cavity 033 into a semi-pear-shaped shape with a certain curvature and smoothness, and finally form the back panel 032. The front panel 031 of the sound box 03 is made of a flat wooden board and covers the upper opening of the back panel 032.

[0004] Due to various factors such as the above-mentioned structure, manufacturing process, and corresponding material selection of the existing pipa, there are many problems as follows:

[0005] 1. Due to manual production, a large amount of wood is consumed, and the precision of production, especially the chiseling precision of the cavity 033 on the back panel of the sound box 03, is difficult to be effectively controlled. Therefore, the sound emitted by the resonance box finally formed by the cavity 033 always has various noises, making it difficult to improve the quality of the sound produced by the existing pipa during playing.

[0006] 2. Due to the production method of chiseling the cavity 033 on the back panel 032 of the sound box 03, on the one hand, the air volume of the cavity 033 is relatively small, and on the other hand, it is very difficult to control the air volume of the cavity 033 within a certain range. As a result, the sound quality of the finished products produced by the traditional production method varies greatly.

[0007] 3. When making existing pipas, their backboards 032 are usually made of expensive woods such as red sandalwood, rosewood, and black rosewood. However, on the one hand, due to the high air-dry density of these woods, the overall weight of existing pipa finished products is very heavy. On the other hand, and more importantly, either the sound wave propagation speed of these woods is poor, resulting in a slower speed of the sound emitted by the strings 04 on the soundboard 031 being transmitted into the resonance box, or the sound wave rebound ability of these woods is low, making the backboard 032 have a weak rebound ability for the arriving sound. All of these will ultimately lead to the pronunciation of existing pipas being stagnant and turbid.

[0008] 4. Because common nitro paints will inhibit the full vibration of the wood, the soundboards 031 of existing pipas are usually not painted for protection. However, this will lead to the soundboards 031 being easily affected by temperature, humidity, and stains, being prone to deformation, and being unsightly. The repair method is basically to replace the soundboard 031, making the maintenance cost of existing pipas relatively high.

[0009] 5. Although sound holes are provided in ancient pipas, they are all set in the area of the frets 07 on the soundboard 03 of the pipa sound box 03. While the sound holes of modern pipas are usually set below the string-pulling board 06. The function of the sound holes is to transmit the sound emitted from the resonance box out of the resonance box and to the human ear. However, due to the unreasonable position settings of the above two types of sound holes, the sound of the pipa transmitted out of the resonance box suffers relatively large losses, thus having a greater impact on the quality of the pipa sound.

[0010] Object of the Invention

[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide a pipa with a novel structure, which is conducive to the control of the production fineness, can ensure the quality of the pipa sound, reduce the weight of the finished pipa, and avoid consuming a large amount of wood. In addition, through a series of related structural settings, the pipa of the present invention can be reasonably selected in materials, ensuring that the pipa of the present invention has better sound quality, longer service life, and lower maintenance cost.

[0012] The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0013] A pipa, which is generally in a semi-pear shape and includes: a peghead 11, a neck 12, and a sound box 13; a tuning peg 15 is rotatably provided on the neck 12, a string-pulling board 16 is fixedly provided on the sound box 13, and both ends of the strings 14 are respectively fixed to the tuning peg 15 and the string-pulling board 16; characterized in that: the sound box 13 is composed of a soundboard 131, a backboard 132, and side plates 135; wherein, the soundboard 131 and the backboard 132 are relatively and separately arranged, and the side plates 135 surround the periphery of the space 133 formed between the soundboard 131 and the backboard 132 to form a resonance box 133.

[0014] The following will disclose the technical solutions of the present invention in more detail in combination with various specific embodiments: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing pipa as a whole;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the sound box of an existing pipa;

[0017] Figure 3 is a front schematic diagram of the pipa of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 is a back schematic diagram of the pipa of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 is a side schematic diagram of the pipa of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 is a first schematic diagram of the disassembly of the sound box of the pipa of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 is a second schematic diagram of the disassembly of the sound box of the pipa of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 is a first schematic diagram of the inner structure of the soundboard of the pipa of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 9 is a second schematic diagram of the inner structure of the soundboard of the pipa of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 10 is a third schematic diagram of the inner structure of the soundboard of the pipa of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 11 is a fourth schematic diagram of the inner structure of the soundboard of the pipa of the present invention.

[0026] SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

[0027] Referring to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the pipa of the first specific embodiment of the present invention is generally in a semi-pear shape as a whole, and specifically includes: a peghead 11, a neck 12 and a sound box 13; a plurality of tuning pegs 15 are rotatably arranged on the neck 12, and a string support plate 16 is fixedly arranged on the sound box 13. Both ends of the strings 14 are respectively fixed to the tuning pegs 15 and the string support plate 16. The sound box 13 in the first specific embodiment of the present invention is specifically composed of a soundboard 131, a back plate 132 and side plates 135; wherein, the soundboard 131 and the back plate 132 are arranged opposite to each other and separated, and the side plates 135 surround the periphery of the cavity formed between the soundboard 131 and the back plate 132 to form a resonance box 133.

[0028] Compared with the existing pipas in the first specific embodiment of the present invention, since the side plate 135 is arranged between the front plate 131 and the back plate 132 in the structure, the materials used to form the pipa body of the present invention can all be wood boards. In this way, on the one hand, the traditional engraving method is no longer used for manufacturing the pipa back plate, and it can be ensured that the space enclosed by the front plate 131, the back plate 132 and the side plate 135 of the pipa of the present invention has a definite and as large as possible volume, which makes the sound of the pipa of the present invention clearer and brighter, and the sound quality of the pipa is improved by leaps and bounds. On the other hand, since the pipa of the present invention can be manufactured using standard boards, it is possible to avoid selecting those woods with poor sound reflection ability but expensive and heavy, greatly reducing the weight and manufacturing cost of the finished pipa, and at the same time ensuring the sound quality of the pipa by controlling the board materials at different structural positions.

[0029] For the pipa in the second specific embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 7 , since the chiseled back plate is no longer used in the present invention, and the side plate 135 is composed of selected boards, in some cases, it may be necessary to use the method of adding the lining strips 135a to increase the bonding area between the side plate 135 and the front plate 131 and between the side plate 135 and the back plate 132 respectively. For this purpose, in the second specific embodiment of the present invention, more than one lining strip 135a is adhered to the inner side of the side plate 135. One surface of the lining strip 135a is adhered to the side plate 135, and the other surface is adhered to the front plate 131 or the back plate 132. In this way, the bonding area between the side plate 135 and the front plate 131 and / or the back plate 132 is increased, and at the same time, it also has a protective effect on the side plate.

[0030] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 , on the inner back plate 032 of the traditional pipa, the sound beam 031a and the sound post 031b are set, mainly for supporting the front plate 031. However, during playing, the strings 04 are stressed first, and then the strings 04 will directly act on the front plate 031 with the tension received. If the sound beam 031a and the sound post 031b are set on the back plate 032, on the one hand, it will lead to insufficient and uneven support force of the sound beam 031a and the sound post 031b on the front plate 031, and on the other hand, it will also lead to poor sound quality.

[0031] For the pipa in the third specific embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 9, based on the above-mentioned first and second specific embodiments of the present invention, inside the resonance box 133, one or more sound beams 131a are provided; the sound beams 131a are attached to the inner surface of the panel 131. And the sound beams 131a are arranged parallel to the frets 17. In the third specific embodiment of the present invention, the sound beams 131a and the panel 131 are attached to each other, so that the support of the sound beams 131a on the panel 131 is stronger, and the force from the strings 14 is more evenly distributed on the panel 131 by means of the respective sound beams 131a, further improving the sound quality of the pipa.

[0032] Based on the above-mentioned third specific embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 11 , in the pipa of the fourth specific embodiment of the present invention, one or more small sound beams 131c are attached to the position of the lower element area on the inner surface of the panel 131 inside the resonance box 133. Because when playing, the strings 14 will directly act on the panel 131 with the tension received, and this tension acts more on the middle area. By adding small sound beams 131c at the position of the lower element area, local strengthening can be directly carried out around the action point, so the panel 131 can be better protected; at the same time, the strength of the panel 131 in the string-pulling board area can also be strengthened.

[0033] Existing sound beams usually use wooden strips with relatively uniform overall dimensions, and in existing pipas, since there is no consideration of using sound beams to evenly conduct the force on the panel, they are all arranged on the back plate. In the above-mentioned various embodiments of the present invention, because the sound beams 131a are needed to disperse the force on the panel 131, they are attached to the inner side surface of the panel 131. On this basis, in the fifth specific embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 10 , the opposite side 131a2 of the sound beam 131a can be set in a shape with an arc-shaped protrusion, and the purpose of doing this is to enable the sound beam 131a to have a stronger supporting ability for the panel 131.

[0034] See Figure 11 , the sixth specific embodiment of the present invention is based on the above-mentioned various specific embodiments. On one side of the opposite side 131a2 of the sound beam 131a, a sound post 131b for abutting against the inner side of the back plate 132 is provided. The purpose of setting the sound post 131b is to enable better connection between the panel 131 and the back plate 132, to have better supporting ability for the panel 131, and at the same time to strengthen the stability of the overall pipa during use.

[0035] In the case of traditional pipas, sound holes are also provided. However, these sound holes are either provided on both sides of the 17th fret area or in the area below the bridge 16. In fact, the function of the sound hole 1311 is to transmit the sound in the resonance box 133 out of the pipa body faster and better. The area where the performer plucks the strings is located in the area below the 17th fret and above the bridge 16. If the position of the sound hole is determined according to the setting method of the traditional pipa, the sound in the resonance box 133 will inevitably reach outside the pipa body after turning or being blocked, which will also have an adverse impact on the quality of the pipa sound. Therefore, in the seventh specific embodiment of the present invention, the position of the sound hole 1311 is set in the area below the 17th fret and above the bridge 16, and is disposed on both sides of the string 14. In this way, the sound in the resonance box 133 can be transmitted to the outside of the pipa body as directly and better as possible.

[0036] The above-mentioned various specific embodiments of the present invention fundamentally change the structure of the traditional pipa, so that the sound box 13 is changed from the original structure to be composed of the front panel 131, the back panel 132 and the side panels 135, greatly increasing the air volume of the resonance box 133. On this basis, in the eighth specific embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above-mentioned various embodiments, the back panel 132 is further provided with a convex arc surface 1321; this arc surface 1321 enables the back panel 132 to have a larger area "farther away" from the front panel 131 as a whole. Thus, on the one hand, it can further increase the air volume of the resonance box 133 on the basis of the above-mentioned various specific embodiments; on the other hand, it also enables the pipa of the present invention to retain the aesthetic feeling of the traditional pipa appearance as much as possible.

[0037] On the basis of the above-mentioned various specific embodiments of the present invention, a natural resin paint layer can also be coated on the upper surface (outer surface) of the front panel 131. Different from nitro paint, the natural resin paint does not have an inhibitory effect on the full vibration of the wood. Coating a natural resin paint layer on the upper surface (outer surface) of the front panel 131 can not only ensure the sound quality of the pipa of the present invention, but also protect the front panel 131 with the natural resin paint layer. Since the front panel 131 of the pipa of the present invention is made of wood, for example: spruce or other wood with similar or close physical properties, when coating the natural resin paint, because there are a large number of fibers in the wood itself, the natural resin paint coated on the surface of the front panel 131 will be sucked into the interior of the wood, which will make it difficult to control the thickness of the natural resin paint layer coated on the surface of the front panel 131. Therefore, during the coating process, as long as it is ensured that a protective paint film layer can be formed on the surface of the front panel 131 after the natural resin paint is air-dried or dried. As for the thickness of this paint film layer, it can be determined by those skilled in the art when specifically using the natural resin paint and determining the corresponding coating process, and the present invention does not limit this here.

Claims

1. A pipa, which is overall semi-pear-shaped and includes: A headstock (11), a neck (12) and a soundbox (13); a tuning peg (15) is rotatably arranged on the neck (12), a bridge plate (16) is fixedly arranged on the soundbox (13), and two ends of a string (14) are respectively fixed on the tuning peg (15) and the bridge plate (16); characterized in that: the soundbox (13) is composed of a front panel (131), a back panel (132) and side panels (135); wherein, the front panel (131) and the back panel (132) are opposite and separated, and the side panels (135) surround the periphery of the space formed between the front panel (131) and the back panel (132) to form a resonance box (133).

2. The pipa according to claim 1, characterized in that: One or more lining strips (135a) are attached to the inner side of the side panel (135), and the lining strips (135a) are used for increasing the bonding area between the side panel (135) and the front panel (131) and / or the back panel (132).

3. The pipa according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: One or more sound beams (131a) are arranged inside the resonance box (133); the sound beams (131a) are attached to the inner surface of the front panel (131).

4. The pipa according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: One or more small sound beams (131c) are attached to the position of the lower yuan area on the inner surface of the front panel (131).

5. The pipa according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sound beam (131a) has a fitting side (131a1) and a pair of sides (131a2), the sound beam (131a) is bonded to the inner surface of the front panel (131) through the fitting side (131a1), the pair of sides (131a2) face the inner side of the back panel (132), and at least has a convex arc part.

6. The pipa according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sound post (131b) that abuts against the inner side of the back panel (132) is arranged on the pair of sides (131a2) of the sound beam (131a).

7. The pipa according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Sound holes (1311) are arranged in pairs on the front panel (131), the sound holes (1311) are arranged in the area below the frets (17) and above the bridge plate (16) of the front panel (131), and are respectively arranged on both sides of the string (14).

8. The pipa according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A natural resin paint layer is arranged on the upper surface of the front panel (131).

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