A high-precision, anti-vibration linear motor

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-precision, vibration-resistant linear motor, relating to the field of linear motor technology. The enameled wire coil interacts with the permanent magnets on the slide bar to generate thrust, causing the outer casing to move along the elliptical slide bar. A curved gusset plate creates a negative pressure airway, encouraging air to circulate through the thermal fins and heat dissipation ribs, achieving passive enhanced heat dissipation. An electromagnet drives the friction disc, enabling rapid switching between a locked linear mode and a combined rotation-sliding mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of linear motors, and in particular to a high-precision, anti-vibration linear motor. Background Art

[0002] In high-precision linear motors, the most common heat dissipation method is to install a centrifugal fan or ducted blower on the stator or housing, dissipating the heat through the air duct. However, fans are inherently high-speed rotating components: centrifugal imbalance in the rotor can generate periodic excitation below 2kHz, exacerbating low-frequency resonance amplification. Turbulent pulsations generated by the interaction between bearings, blades, and airflow can couple medium- and high-frequency noise along the structural components to the worktable. To suppress fan vibration, rubber pads or viscoelastic damping layers are traditionally added between the motor housing and the frame. However, this significantly increases thermal resistance, obstructing the heat dissipation path of fixed components and leading to uncontrolled temperature rise. This requires further increasing the fan speed to compensate, creating a vicious cycle of "vibration-heat dissipation amplification." Furthermore, fan blade wear and bearing interference introduce additional maintenance costs and the risk of failure. Therefore, under the existing technical framework, achieving both "efficient heat dissipation" and "ultra-low vibration" is difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a high-precision seismic-resistant linear motor, comprising a circular slide rod, an elliptical slide rod is provided on the outer surface of the circular slide rod, the circumferential surface of the elliptical slide rod is an elliptical contour, the circumferential surface sliding sleeve of the elliptical slide rod is provided with a frame, an enameled wire coil for generating a magnetic field is wound on the frame, and a permanent magnet is embedded in the inside of the elliptical slide rod that magnetically cooperates with the enameled wire on the frame; a plurality of skeleton heat-conducting fins are provided on the skeleton and its enameled wire along their own axial fixed sleeves, the outer fixed sleeve of the skeleton heat-conducting fins is provided with an outer shell, and the outer shell slides in cooperation with the circumferential surface of the elliptical slide rod; a plurality of air intake channels are opened on the bottom surface of the outer shell; a plurality of reinforced heat dissipation ribs are also fixedly installed at equal distances on all the skeleton heat-conducting fins along the radial direction of the elliptical slide rod, all the reinforced heat dissipation ribs are fixedly cooperated with all the skeleton heat-conducting fins, and a fixed sealing buckle on the side of the outer shell away from the air intake channel is provided with an arc-shaped buckle plate, and an exhaust channel is opened in the middle of the arc-shaped buckle plate.

[0004] Preferably, it is characterized in that the surface of the arc-shaped buckle plate is set with a bulge, and the exhaust channel is located at the center of the bulge. A dust-proof heat dissipation cover plate is fixed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped buckle plate through multiple external heat dissipation fins arranged in an equidistant array. A gap is provided between the dust-proof heat dissipation cover plate and the arc-shaped buckle plate for introducing external air into between the arc-shaped buckle plate and the dust-proof heat dissipation cover plate.

[0005] Preferably, the gap between the dustproof heat dissipation cover plate and the arc-shaped buckle plate is connected to the air inlet channel through the exhaust channel, the reinforced heat dissipation ribs, and the skeleton heat-conducting fins, which is used to dissipate heat from the skeleton and the enameled wire coils wound on the skeleton.

[0006] Preferably, both ends of the circular sliding rod are provided with a sliding cylindrical cavity; an elastic rubber pad is fixed to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the sliding cylindrical cavity, and an electromagnet is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sliding cylindrical cavity. The electromagnet is fixedly matched with the elastic rubber pad, and the electromagnet is elastically matched with the bottom surface of the inner wall of the sliding cylindrical cavity through the elastic rubber pad.

[0007] Preferably, a spline groove is also provided on the sliding cylindrical cavity, and an adsorption magnetic plate is also slidably provided on the inner wall of the sliding cylindrical cavity. The adsorption magnetic plate cooperates with the magnetic force of the electromagnet, and a pulling column is fixedly installed on the adsorption magnetic plate. The pulling column and the spline groove are slidably engaged through spline splines to prevent the adsorption magnetic plate and the pulling column from rotating in the sliding cylindrical cavity, wherein an extrusion friction disk is fixedly installed on the pulling column, and the extrusion friction disk is frictionally engaged with the end face of the elliptical slide rod.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of cooling fans are rotatably mounted on one side of the housing located at the air inlet passage through a cooling fan bracket, and the cooling fans are used to send external air into the air inlet passage; wherein the cooling fan bracket and the housing are fixedly mounted in a manner that is easy to disassemble.

[0009] Preferably, two parallel guide plate brackets can be installed on the side of the shell located at the air inlet channel in an easy-to-disassemble fixed installation manner, and a plurality of guide plates arranged in an equidistant array are fixedly installed between the two guide plate brackets. Each guide plate forms an angle of 5° with the axis of the elliptical slide rod, and each guide plate also forms an angle of 5° with the side of the shell located at the air inlet channel, so as to guide the air to flow into the air inlet channel.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The present invention utilizes the negative pressure self-inhalation duct formed by the arc-shaped gusset plate during movement to automatically guide the external airflow through the air intake channel, the heat-conducting fins and the exhaust channel to achieve forced convection. There are no rotating or reciprocating components in the entire heat dissipation chain, and the structural parts are in rigid or pre-tightened contact, which fundamentally cuts off the vibration excitation source and achieves high seismic resistance; (2) The skeleton heat-conducting fins, reinforced heat dissipation ribs, arc-shaped gusset plates and dust-proof heat dissipation cover of the present invention are connected by surface-to-surface fastening to form a continuous metal heat conduction path, which quickly conducts the heat of the winding and permanent magnet to the surface of the shell and removes it with the help of air self-circulation. This not only retains the advantages of high stiffness and low vibration of metal, but also does not require the addition of high thermal resistance elastomers at the structural interface, thus eliminating the hidden danger of local overheating caused by traditional vibration isolation pads and achieving coordinated optimization of heat dissipation and shock resistance; (3) The present invention can complete the mode switching of locking linear and unlocking compound motion in milliseconds by adsorbing and squeezing the friction disc through electromagnets, thereby achieving a wider range of usage scenarios; (4) For working conditions where natural convection is insufficient in low-speed sliding, the present invention can be equipped with a fixed guide plate to improve the heat transfer coefficient by changing the air flow pressure distribution; (5) For usage scenarios where shock resistance and precision requirements are not high, the present invention can still use a fan for heat dissipation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the exhaust channel of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the shell structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the skeleton of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0016] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heat dissipation fan of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide plate of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 101-housing; 102-elliptical slide rod; 103-circular slide rod; 104-skeleton; 105-sliding cylindrical cavity; 106-elastic rubber pad; 107-electromagnet; 108-adsorption magnetic plate; 109-spline groove; 110-spline; 111-pull column; 112-extrusion friction plate; 113-dustproof heat dissipation cover; 114-external heat sink; 115-arc buckle plate; 116-exhaust channel; 117-reinforced heat dissipation ribs; 118-intake channel; 119-skeleton heat-conducting fins; 120-cooling fan bracket; 121-cooling fan; 122-guide plate; 123-guide plate bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following is combined with Figure 1-7 , and further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention through specific implementation methods.

[0020] The present invention provides a high-precision anti-seismic linear motor, comprising a circular slide 103, an outer surface of the circular slide 103 being provided with an elliptical slide 102 which is rotatably and slidably sleeved, the circumferential surface of the elliptical slide 102 being an elliptical profile, the circumferential surface of the elliptical slide 102 being provided with a skeleton 104 which is provided with an enameled wire coil for generating a magnetic field, the interior of the elliptical slide 102 being provided with a permanent magnet which is magnetically matched with the enameled wire on the skeleton 104; a plurality of skeleton heat-conducting fins 119 are provided on the skeleton 104 and its enameled wire along its own axially equidistant fixed sleeve, and the skeleton heat-conducting fins 119 are provided on the outer surface of the circular slide 103, and the outer surface of the circular slide 103 is provided with an elliptical profile, and the circumferential surface of the elliptical slide 102 being provided with a skeleton 104 which is rotatably and slidably sleeved, the skeleton 104 being provided with an enameled wire coil for generating a magnetic field, the skeleton 104 being provided with a permanent magnet which is magnetically matched with the enameled wire on the skeleton 104, the skeleton 104 and its enameled wire being provided with a plurality of skeleton heat-conducting fins 119 which are equidistantly provided on the fixed sleeve The outer fixed sleeve of the sheet 119 is provided with a shell 101, and the shell 101 is slidably matched with the circumferential surface of the elliptical slide rod 102; the bottom surface of the shell 101 is provided with multiple air intake channels 118; multiple reinforced heat dissipation ribs 117 are also fixedly installed at equal distances on all the skeleton heat-conducting fins 119 along the radial direction of the elliptical slide rod 102, and all the reinforced heat dissipation ribs 117 are fixedly matched with all the skeleton heat-conducting fins 119. A curved buckle plate 115 is fixedly sealed on the side of the shell 101 away from the air intake channel 118, and an exhaust channel 116 is provided in the middle of the curved buckle plate 115. The surface of the curved gusset plate 115 is raised, with an exhaust duct 116 located at the center of the raised portion. A dustproof heat dissipation cover plate 113 is suspended and fixed to the outer surface of the curved gusset plate 115 via a plurality of external heat dissipation fins 114 arranged in an equidistant array. A gap is provided between the dustproof heat dissipation cover plate 113 and the curved gusset plate 115 for introducing external air into the gap between the curved gusset plate 115 and the dustproof heat dissipation cover plate 113. The gap between the dustproof heat dissipation cover plate 113 and the curved gusset plate 115 communicates with the air inlet duct 118 via the exhaust duct 116, the reinforced heat dissipation ribs 117, and the skeleton heat-conducting fins 119, dissipating heat from the skeleton 104 and the enameled wire coils wound thereon.

[0021] A sliding cylindrical cavity 105 is provided at both ends of the circular sliding rod 103; an elastic rubber pad 106 is fixed to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the sliding cylindrical cavity 105, and an electromagnet 107 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sliding cylindrical cavity 105. The electromagnet 107 is fixedly matched with the elastic rubber pad 106, and the electromagnet 107 is elastically matched with the bottom surface of the inner wall of the sliding cylindrical cavity 105 through the elastic rubber pad 106. The sliding cylindrical cavity 105 is also provided with a spline groove 109. The inner wall of the sliding cylindrical cavity 105 is also slidably provided with an adsorption magnetic plate 108. The adsorption magnetic plate 108 is magnetically coupled with the electromagnet 107. A pulling post 111 is fixedly mounted on the adsorption magnetic plate 108. The pulling post 111 and the spline groove 109 are slidably coupled via a spline 110 to prevent the adsorption magnetic plate 108 and the pulling post 111 from rotating within the sliding cylindrical cavity 105. The pulling post 111 is fixedly mounted with an extrusion friction disk 112, which frictionally couples with the end face of the elliptical slide rod 102. A plurality of cooling fans 121 are rotatably mounted on one side of the housing 101 located in the air inlet passage 118 via a cooling fan bracket 120. The cooling fans 121 are used to deliver external air into the air inlet passage 118. The cooling fan bracket 120 and the housing 101 are fixedly mounted in a manner that is easy to disassemble. Two parallel guide plate brackets 123 can also be installed on one side of the shell 101 located at the air inlet channel 118 in a fixed installation manner that is easy to disassemble. A plurality of guide plates 122 arranged in an equidistant array are fixedly installed between the two guide plate brackets 123. Each guide plate 122 forms an angle of 5° with the axis of the elliptical slide bar 102. Each guide plate 122 also forms an angle of 5° with the side of the shell 101 located at the air inlet channel 118, which is used to guide the air to flow into the air inlet channel 118.

[0022] The working principle of a high-precision, seismic-resistant linear motor disclosed in the present invention is as follows: the enameled wire coil on the skeleton 104 is energized to generate magnetic force, which repel and attract each other with the permanent magnet inside the circular slide 103, thereby driving the entire shell 101 and the skeleton 104 to slide along the elliptical slide 102. During the movement of the shell 101, it will move relative to the air. At this time, due to the raised setting of the upper surface of the arc-shaped gusset plate 115, the air flow rate on the side of the shell 101 located in the air inlet channel 118 (set flush) will be lower than the flow rate on the raised side of the arc-shaped gusset plate 115. This is because In the same period of time, the flow path length of the air on the raised side of the arc-shaped buckle plate 115 is greater than the flow path length of the shell 101 on the side of the air inlet channel 118. Therefore, the speed on the raised side of the arc-shaped buckle plate 115 is fast, so the air pressure on the raised side of the arc-shaped buckle plate 115 will be lower than the pressure in the air inlet channel 118. At this time, under the action of the pressure difference, the external air will pass through the air inlet channel 118, the skeleton thermal fins 119, the reinforced heat dissipation ribs 117, and the exhaust channel 116 in turn, thereby cooling and dissipating the skeleton 104 and its enameled wire coil inside the shell 101. At the same time, since the skeleton heat-conducting fins 119, the reinforced heat-dissipating ribs 117, the curved gusset plate 115, the external heat sink 114, and the dust-proof heat-dissipating cover 113 are in a fixed mating contact relationship, the heat will also be transferred to the curved gusset plate 115, the external heat sink 114, and the dust-proof heat-dissipating cover 113. Through convection between the dust-proof heat-dissipating cover 113, the external heat sink 114, the curved gusset plate 115 and the surrounding air, heat dissipation can also be achieved. Depending on the usage scenario, for example, if the heat dissipation effect is not satisfactory, a guide plate 122 can be installed. Due to the angle and position of the guide plate 122 and the housing 101, when the housing 101 moves, it will drive the air and easily guide it into the air inlet channel 118, while at the same time reducing the flow of air into the air inlet channel 118. Or when the sliding speed of the shell 101 on the elliptical slide rod 102 is very slow, the air convection effect is poor, and the heat dissipation fan 121 is installed on the shell 101. The heat dissipation fan 121 drives the surrounding air to actively enter the air inlet channel 118 to dissipate heat to the skeleton 104 and its enameled wire coil.

[0023] Two extrusion friction discs 112 are mounted on the required frame or load (the extrusion friction discs 112 and the frame are fixed to the frame in a sliding manner and can be slightly displaced along the axial direction of the circular slide bar 103). The electromagnet 107 is started, and the electromagnet 107 magnetically attracts the adsorption magnetic plate 108. A fixed relationship is formed between the adsorption magnetic plate 108 and the electromagnet 107. At the same time, the elastic rubber pad 106 is stretched, and the adsorption magnetic plate 108 drives the extrusion friction disc 112 to squeeze the end surface of the elliptical slide bar 102 through the pulling column 111. This creates a fixed friction fit between the extrusion friction disc 112 and the elliptical slide 102. This means that the elliptical slide 102 and the circular slide 103 are now in a fixed, linear fit. The elliptical slide 102 cannot rotate on the circular slide 103, and the housing 101 can only move axially along the elliptical slide 102. If the electromagnet 107 is de-energized, the elliptical slide 102 can rotate on the circular slide 103, allowing the housing 101 to rotate around the circular slide 103. This configuration can be selected based on the user's usage scenario. For example, in some usage scenarios, the housing 101 may not only slide along the elliptical slide 102 but also rotate. At the same time, there may be situations where rotation is not possible and the housing 101 can only slide along the elliptical slide 102. If this is not desired (depending on the user's needs), the rotational fit between the circular slide 103 and the elliptical slide 102 can be omitted, and the elliptical slide 102 can be directly fixed to the load or frame (this improves accuracy because there is no play between the extrusion friction disc 112 and the load or frame).

Claims

1. A high-precision, anti-vibration linear motor, characterized by: The invention comprises a circular slide bar (103), an outer surface of the circular slide bar (103) is provided with an elliptical slide bar (102) which is rotatably and slidably sleeved, the circumferential surface of the elliptical slide bar (102) is an elliptical profile, the circumferential surface of the elliptical slide bar (102) is provided with a skeleton (104) which is slidably sleeved, an enameled wire coil for generating a magnetic field is wound around the skeleton (104), and a permanent magnet which is magnetically matched with the enameled wire on the skeleton (104) is embedded inside the elliptical slide bar (102); The skeleton (104) and the enameled wire are provided with a plurality of skeleton heat-conducting fins (119) on a fixed sleeve equidistant along their own axial direction. The outer fixed sleeve of the skeleton heat-conducting fin (119) is provided with a shell (101). The shell (101) is in sliding engagement with the circumferential surface of the elliptical slide rod (102). The bottom surface of the shell (101) is provided with a plurality of air inlet channels (118). A plurality of reinforced heat dissipation fins (117) are fixedly installed at equal intervals on all the skeleton heat-conducting fins (119) along the radial direction of the elliptical slide rod (102), and all the reinforced heat dissipation fins (117) are fixedly matched with all the skeleton heat-conducting fins (119). A curved buckle plate (115) is fixedly provided on a side of the housing (101) away from the air inlet channel (118), and an exhaust channel (116) is opened in the middle of the curved buckle plate (115); Both ends of the circular slide rod (103) are provided with a sliding cylindrical cavity (105); an elastic rubber pad (106) is fixed to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the sliding cylindrical cavity (105); an electromagnet (107) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sliding cylindrical cavity (105); the electromagnet (107) is fixedly matched with the elastic rubber pad (106); the electromagnet (107) and the bottom surface of the inner wall of the sliding cylindrical cavity (105) are elastically matched through the elastic rubber pad (106); a spline groove (109) is also provided on the sliding cylindrical cavity (105); and the inner wall of the sliding cylindrical cavity (105) is also slidably provided with a An adsorption magnetic plate (108) is provided, the adsorption magnetic plate (108) and the electromagnet (107) are magnetically matched, a pulling column (111) is fixedly installed on the adsorption magnetic plate (108), and the pulling column (111) and the spline groove (109) are slidingly matched through the spline (110) to prevent the adsorption magnetic plate (108) and the pulling column (111) from rotating in the sliding cylindrical cavity (105), wherein an extrusion friction disk (112) is fixedly installed on the pulling column (111), and the extrusion friction disk (112) is frictionally matched with the end face of the elliptical slide rod (102).

2. A high-precision, anti-vibration linear motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the arc-shaped gusset plate (115) is provided with a raised configuration, and the exhaust passage (116) is located at the center of the raised configuration. A dust-proof heat dissipation cover plate (113) is fixed overhead on the outer surface of the arc-shaped gusset plate (115) via a plurality of external heat dissipation fins (114) arranged in an equidistant array. A gap is provided between the dust-proof heat dissipation cover plate (113) and the arc-shaped gusset plate (115) for introducing external air into between the arc-shaped gusset plate (115) and the dust-proof heat dissipation cover plate (113).

3. The high-precision, anti-vibration linear motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gap between the dustproof heat dissipation cover plate (113) and the arc-shaped buckle plate (115) is connected to the air inlet channel (118) through the exhaust channel (116), the reinforced heat dissipation ribs (117), and the skeleton heat-conducting fins (119), and is used to dissipate heat from the skeleton (104) and the enameled wire coil wound on the skeleton (104).

4. The high-precision, anti-vibration linear motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of cooling fans (121) are rotatably mounted on one side of the housing (101) located at the air inlet passage (118) via a cooling fan bracket (120). The cooling fans (121) are used to send external air into the air inlet passage (118). The cooling fan bracket (120) and the housing (101) are fixedly mounted in a manner that is easy to disassemble.

5. The high-precision, anti-vibration linear motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two parallel guide plate brackets (123) are installed on one side of the housing (101) located at the air inlet channel (118) in a manner that is easy to disassemble and fix. A plurality of guide plates (122) arranged in an equidistant array are fixedly installed between the two guide plate brackets (123). Each guide plate (122) forms an angle of 5° with the axis of the elliptical slide bar (102). Each guide plate (122) also forms an angle of 5° with the side of the housing (101) located at the air inlet channel (118), so as to guide air to flow into the air inlet channel (118).

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