Vaccine atomization method and vaccine atomization machine in animal breeding process

Abstract

The invention discloses a vaccine atomization method and a vaccine atomization machine in an animal breeding process, and the atomization method comprises the following steps: generating high-pressure gas by an air compressor, and cooling the high-pressure gas to be less than 37 DEG C and greater than 20 DEG C; introducing the vaccine solution and the cooled high-pressure gas into a two-fluid ultrasonic spray head at the same time, and spraying out molecules of vaccine aerosol particles with the particle size smaller than or equal to 15 microns; a suspension auxiliary agent is gasified into smog-shaped floating objects at a high temperature, and the smog-shaped floating objects are mixed with vaccine aerosol particles to form mixed fog capable of being suspended and diffused; the wind power is adjusted through a numerical control fan controlled by a microcomputer, and mixed mist with the particle size of 5-15 microns is selected to be blown out of a mist outlet pipeline. Normal-temperature atomization of vaccines is achieved, the atomized vaccines can diffuse and suspend in the air through Brownian motion for a long time and can be evenly distributed in the whole space of a closed place after a period of time, animals passively inhale a vaccine aqueous solution, and the purpose of inoculation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a vaccination method, in particular to a vaccine atomization method and a vaccine atomizer in an animal breeding process. Background Art

[0002] In animal farming (especially poultry), due to high animal density and limited range, outbreaks of viral diseases (such as avian influenza and Newcastle disease) or bacterial diseases (such as pullorum and Escherichia coli) can spread rapidly, infecting the entire flock and posing a high risk of mortality. For example, the mortality rate of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HAPI) can exceed 90%, and the mortality rate of Newcastle disease (ND) can reach 50% to 100%.

[0003] The outbreaks of these diseases can cause significant losses. Besides direct costs such as chicken deaths, culling costs, and treatment expenses, there are also indirect costs such as decreased egg production (e.g., eggshell deformities due to infectious bronchitis) and reduced growth (e.g., reduced feed conversion efficiency due to coccidiosis). In severe cases, eggs, meat, and milk from affected areas may be banned from circulation or export (e.g., avian influenza outbreaks restrict the export of chicken meat).

[0004] Therefore, regular vaccination has important practical significance in the process of animal breeding.

[0005] Currently, the common vaccination methods are as follows:

[0006] The main vaccination methods are drinking water, nasal drops, subcutaneous injection, and spray. For example, Newcastle disease (ND) is vaccinated with attenuated vaccines through nasal drops, drinking water, or spray; avian influenza (AI) is vaccinated with inactivated vaccines through subcutaneous injection in the neck.

[0007] In practice, vaccination can be carried out by combining multiple vaccines and multiple methods to simultaneously activate cellular immunity, humoral immunity, and mucosal immunity, allowing the three immune methods to work together for joint defense. For example, for Newcastle disease virus, a combination of humoral immunity (neutralizing the virus) + cellular immunity (clearing cells) + mucosal immunity (blocking the respiratory tract) can be used simultaneously.

[0008] For respiratory diseases, nebulized vaccination has the advantages of good effect, labor-saving, quick effect, universal vaccination, high antibody level and long duration, no stress response, and safety for animals.

[0009] For aerosol vaccination, it is currently mostly implemented based on aerosol medium equipment, which has the following shortcomings: large aerosol processing particle size (generally above 50 microns), non-suspended mist, and large amount of water; and, due to the strict requirements of vaccination operation specifications, improper operation may easily cause respiratory diseases (such as mycoplasma infection); because the mist is not suspended, the vaccination dose is uneven and difficult to control, which may easily lead to excessively high cost of vaccine use. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to solve the shortcomings of the above technologies, the present invention provides a vaccine atomization method and a vaccine atomization machine in the animal breeding process.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a vaccine atomization method in the animal breeding process, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Generate high-pressure gas from an air compressor and cool the high-pressure gas to a temperature lower than 37°C and higher than 20°C;

[0013] Step 2: The vaccine solution and the cooled high-pressure gas are simultaneously introduced into a two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle, and the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle sprays out vaccine aerosol particles with a particle size of less than or equal to 15 μm;

[0014] Step 3: The suspension aid is vaporized at high temperature into a smoke-like floating substance, which is mixed with the vaccine aerosol particles ejected by the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle to form a mixed mist that can be suspended and diffused;

[0015] Step 4: Adjust the wind force through the digital control fan controlled by the microcomputer, and select the mixed mist with particle size of 5-15μm to blow out the mist outlet pipe;

[0016] Step 5: The mixed mist blown out of the mist outlet pipe is suspended in the air and diffused.

[0017] Preferably, the pressure of the high-pressure gas generated by the air compressor is 0.38Mpa-0.42Mpa;

[0018] Preferably, the high-pressure gas is cooled to a temperature less than 37° C. and greater than 20° C. by flowing through the metal pipeline.

[0019] Preferably, the air hole diameter of the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle is ≤1.2 mm, the water hole diameter is ≤0.9 mm, the ultrasonic vibrator on the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle, and the particle size of the two-fluid ultrasonic spray is less than or equal to 15 μm.

[0020] Preferably, when high-pressure gas passes through the pores of the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle, a Venturi effect is generated, and the vaccine solution is sucked into the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle by siphon action, mixed with the cooled high-pressure gas, and collided with the ultrasonic vibrator on the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle, so that the vaccine solution molecules are torn into vaccine aerosol particles less than or equal to 15μm.

[0021] Preferably, the suspending aid comprises the following components in the following weight percentages: 60% glycerol and 40% water.

[0022] Preferably, the suspension aid is heated to 250-260° C. by the atomizing core and vaporized into non-toxic, harmless smoke-like floating matter. The suspension aid in the smoke-like floating matter state is mixed with vaccine aerosol particles with a particle size of less than or equal to 15 μm to form a mixed mist.

[0023] Preferably, the rotation speed of the CNC fan is 5800-6200 rpm, and the duty cycle thereof is 7:3.

[0024] A vaccine atomizer for a vaccine atomization method used in an animal breeding process, comprising:

[0025] An air compressor, wherein the air compressor is used to generate high-pressure gas;

[0026] A vaccine solution pot, which is used to hold the vaccine solution to be vaccinated.

[0027] A two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle is connected to a vaccine solution pot via a pipe and to an air compressor via a metal pipe with cooling properties. Based on the siphon principle, the vaccine solution in the vaccine solution pot is sucked into the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle and mixed with the cooled high-pressure gas. The two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle is equipped with an ultrasonic vibrator. The cooled high-pressure gas and vaccine solution are mixed in the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle and ejected. The ultrasonic vibrator tears the vaccine solution molecules into aerosol particles smaller than or equal to 15 microns.

[0028] A suspension aid pot, which is used to hold a suspension aid solution;

[0029] An atomizer core for heating the suspension aid; the atomizer core can heat the suspension aid to 250-260°C, and the suspension aid pot is connected to the atomizer core through an additive pump and a sealed pipe;

[0030] The mixing chamber is connected to the atomizing core and the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle respectively. In the mixing chamber, the suspension adjuvant and the vaccine aerosol particles are mixed into a mixed mist.

[0031] Preferably, a digitally controlled fan is installed at the inlet end of the mixing chamber, and a mist outlet pipe is connected to the output end of the mixing chamber. The diameter of the mist outlet pipe is 110 mm and the length is 50 cm.

[0032] The wind force of the digitally controlled fan is controlled by a microcomputer, forming a microcomputer-controlled wind path in the mist outlet duct, and the mixed mist of vaccine aerosol particles with a particle size of 5-15μm and suspension additives is selectively blown out from the outlet.

[0033] The present invention discloses a vaccine atomization method and a vaccine atomizer in an animal breeding process. The method cooperates with high-pressure gas cooling, two-fluid atomization, suspension, fog selection and a control system to realize room-temperature atomization of the vaccine. After atomization, the vaccine can diffuse and suspend in the air through Brownian motion for a long time. After a period of time, it can be evenly distributed in the entire space of a closed place. Animals passively inhale the vaccine aqueous solution, thereby achieving the purpose of final atomization vaccination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of mucosal immunity produced by aerosol vaccination. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] The present invention discloses a vaccine atomization method in an animal breeding process, which realizes atomization processing based on a vaccine atomizer. The vaccine atomizer mainly includes:

[0038] Two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle, the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle is connected to the vaccine solution pot through a pipeline on one hand, and is connected to the air compressor through a metal pipeline with cooling performance on the other hand;

[0039] The air compressor can generate high-pressure gas, which enters the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle after being cooled through the metal pipeline;

[0040] The vaccine solution pot is mainly used to hold the vaccine solution to be vaccinated. Based on the siphon principle, the vaccine solution in the vaccine solution pot is sucked into the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle;

[0041] The two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle is equipped with an ultrasonic vibrator. The cooled high-pressure gas and the vaccine solution are mixed and sprayed out of the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle. The ultrasonic vibrator tears the vaccine solution molecules into tiny aerosol particles (less than or equal to 15 microns).

[0042] The suspension aid pot is mainly used to contain the suspension aid solution, which includes the following components by weight: 60% glycerol and 40% water;

[0043] The atomizer core used for heating the suspension aid can heat the suspension aid to 250-260°C. The suspension aid pot is connected to the atomizer core through an additive pump and a sealed pipe.

[0044] The mixing chamber receives the suspended agent that is heated and atomized into a floating state on one hand, and receives the vaccine aerosol particles sprayed by the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle on the other hand; in the mixing chamber, the suspended agent and the vaccine aerosol particles are mixed;

[0045] In order to improve the mixing effect, a mist outlet pipe is added at the output end of the mixing chamber;

[0046] At the same time, a CNC fan is installed at the inlet end of the mixing chamber. The fan wind speed is controlled by a microcomputer, forming a microcomputer-controlled air path in the mist outlet pipe, and the mixed mist of vaccine aerosol particles and suspension excipients is selectively blown out of the pipe from the outlet to achieve the particle size selection of the mixed mist.

[0047] Based on the structural foundation of the above vaccine atomizer, the method of vaccine atomization vaccination in the animal breeding process disclosed in the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0048] First, take an appropriate amount of vaccine and mix it with water (refer to the vaccine instructions for the mixing ratio), and pour the mixed vaccine solution into the vaccine solution pot of the vaccine atomizer. Add a suspension aid solution (60% glycerol and 40% water) with a suspension function into the suspension aid pot of the equipment;

[0049] Turn on the vaccine atomizer equipment and use the air compressor to generate 0.38Mpa-0.42Mpa high-pressure gas. The high-pressure gas passes through a special, sealed metal pipeline, is cooled, and then transported to the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle. Before reaching the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle, the temperature of the high-pressure gas is reduced to a range of less than 37°C and greater than 20°C.

[0050] For a two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle, the air pore diameter must be controlled within 1.2 mm (less than or equal to 1.2 mm), and the water pore diameter must be controlled within 0.9 mm (less than or equal to 0.9 mm). The optimal number of water pores, based on testing, is 3-6. Only then can the particle size of the atomized vaccine solution meet the requirements. When high-pressure gas passes through the air pores of the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle, a Venturi effect is generated, which uses siphon action to draw the vaccine solution from the vaccine solution pot into the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle. It is then ejected together with the cooled high-pressure gas and impacts the ultrasonic oscillator on the nozzle, tearing the vaccine solution molecules into tiny aerosol particles. Due to the high pressure and high speed, the molecular particle size of the vaccine aerosol particles after impact and tearing is less than or equal to 15μm.

[0051] Next, a suspension aid is pumped through a sealed pipe into the atomizer core for heating. When heated to 250°C to 260°C, it forms a non-toxic, harmless, mist-like floating substance. This floating substance is then fed through a steel pipe into a mixing chamber, where it mixes with the vaccine aerosol particles ejected from the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle. Because the suspension aid attracts water molecules, the heated, atomized suspension aid and vaccine aerosol particles mix, creating a mist that suspends and diffuses for extended periods. This allows the vaccine aerosol to remain suspended. After a period of Brownian motion suspension and diffusion, the mixed mist is evenly distributed within the enclosed space of the farm, allowing animals to passively inhale and complete vaccination.

[0052] Finally, a 110mm diameter and 50cm long mist outlet pipe is added to the output end of the mixing chamber to provide ample space for the suspended adjuvant gas and vaccine aerosol particles to fully mix. This mist outlet pipe also serves as a reflux function: when larger particles appear in the sprayed vaccine aerosol, the mixed mist with large particle size will hit the wall when passing through the mist outlet pipe. After hitting the wall, it will condense into liquid and then flow back into the vaccine solution pot for re-atomization.

[0053] Adding a mist outlet pipe will affect the atomization speed. For this reason, a 5800-6200rpm fan is set at the mixing chamber at the other end of the mist outlet pipe, and the duty cycle is controlled at 7:3. In this way, the mixed mist that meets the particle size (5-15μm) can be blown out of the pipe. The mixed mist of vaccine aerosol and suspension excipient can be dispersed to the entire farm through the mist outlet pipe, and the animals passively inhale it to complete the vaccination.

[0054] In addition, it should be noted that the vaccine nebulizer of the present invention is equipped with a control system, and a liquid level monitoring sensor is provided in the vaccine solution pot. When the control system detects that there is no vaccine solution in the vaccine solution pot, it controls the air compressor to stop working and outputs a warning message, and monitors the pressure value of the air compressor so that it can be adjusted at any time.

[0055] A temperature probe is installed at the atomizer core to monitor its temperature in real time. PID control is used to keep the core heating temperature between 250°C and 260°C. A liquid level monitoring sensor monitors the use of the suspension aid solution in real time. If the control system detects a lack of aid, it will stop heating and issue an alarm.

[0056] The wind force of the fan is controlled by the control system, and the wind force is controlled within the wind speed range to prevent large particles of mixed mist from being sprayed out of the pipe.

[0057] As can be seen, the disclosed vaccine atomization method for animal husbandry cools the high-temperature air generated by the air compressor and utilizes the Wentworth effect of the two-fluid system to maintain the vaccine solution at room temperature throughout the atomization process, preserving the vaccine's activity. Furthermore, a non-toxic, harmless, aerosol-like suspension aid helps the vaccine aerosol float in a dry, mist-free state for extended periods, ensuring uniform diffusion and distribution of vaccine aerosol particles throughout the animal husbandry space, effectively enhancing the effectiveness of subsequent aerosolized vaccinations.

[0058] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages:

[0059] (1) Compared with traditional vaccination methods such as injection, nasal drops, and eye drops, the suspension atomization method of the present invention has the advantages of saving manpower and reducing labor intensity;

[0060] (2) The animals inhale passively, the individual inhalation amount is uniform, and a more effective vaccination is achieved in a time-saving and labor-saving manner, which can greatly reduce the problem of large discrete errors in individual vaccination caused by manual operation;

[0061] (3) The particle size of the vaccine aerosol atomized particles finally delivered to the breeding space is controlled between 5-15 μm. Compared with the traditional aerosolized vaccination particles (generally above 50 microns), the particle size of the aerosolized vaccination is significantly reduced, which can reach the respiratory tract without entering the lungs in large quantities, effectively reducing the probability of side effects and avoiding the occurrence of mycoplasma infection;

[0062] (4) It is safer for animals, especially chickens, because passive inhalation does not produce stress reactions, does not affect growth and egg production, and reduces animal safety risks caused by non-standard operations of traditional methods;

[0063] (5) The generated mixed mist can be suspended and has a long airborne time, which has the advantage of saving more vaccines than traditional atomization equipment;

[0064] (6) Good vaccination effect: On the one hand, for respiratory tropic vaccines (such as Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis), because they activate the respiratory mucosa (such as Figure 2 As shown), humoral immunity has better immune effect; on the other hand, the antibody level is high and lasts for a long time.

[0065] (7) By filtering out fine dry mist through the control system, it is possible to avoid increasing the humidity of the breeding ground and prevent bacteria from growing on the surface of the animals.

[0066] The technical effects of the vaccination method of the present invention are further explained below with reference to specific application cases.

[0067] At the Minda Egg Factory in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, a Newcastle disease attenuated live vaccine was used, and the vaccine atomization method disclosed in the present invention was adopted to atomize the vaccine during the animal breeding process, and the animals were made to passively inhale the atomized vaccine to complete the vaccination.

[0068] Vaccination location: Minda Egg Factory, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province

[0069] Vaccination time: March 9, 2025

[0070] Vaccination: Newcastle disease ND attenuated live vaccine

[0071] Atomization equipment: Tengwu 360 vaccine atomizer

[0072] Process Description:

[0073] 1. On the morning of March 9, before vaccination, blood was drawn from 6 chickens to test for ND antibodies;

[0074] 2. On the afternoon of March 9, aerosol vaccination was carried out: in a 100 cubic meter chicken house with 40 roosters, a Tengwu 360 vaccine aerosol machine was used, and Newcastle disease ND attenuated live vaccine (1,000 doses) was selected. After adding 3.5 liters of vaccine solution to water, the aerosol was applied for 40 minutes, followed by ventilation.

[0075] 3. From March 9th to 23rd, continuous observation showed that these chickens did not have any physiological or respiratory abnormalities.

[0076] 4. On March 23, blood samples were drawn from the six roosters that had their blood drawn last time and one that had not had its blood drawn for ND antibody testing.

[0077] The vaccination effects (ND antibody titers) are as follows:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] From the above data we can see that:

[0081] Before aerosol inoculation, on March 9, the mean ND antibody titer was 5.2 ± 1.6;

[0082] After vaccination using the invented aerosol vaccination method, on March 23, the mean ND antibody titer was 6.7 ± 0.8;

[0083] The Newcastle disease ND antibody titer increased from 5.2 to 6.7, and the discreteness became smaller, from 1.6 to 0.8, indicating that the antibodies of the vaccinated chickens were generally improved, indicating that the atomization and vaccination method of the present invention has a good effect.

[0084] The above embodiments are not limitations of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vaccine atomization method in an animal breeding process, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Generate high-pressure gas from an air compressor and cool the high-pressure gas to a temperature lower than 37°C and higher than 20°C; Step 2: The vaccine solution and the cooled high-pressure gas are simultaneously introduced into a two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle, and the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle sprays out vaccine aerosol particles with a particle size of less than or equal to 15 μm; Step 3: The suspension aid is vaporized at high temperature into smoke-like floating matter, which is mixed with the vaccine aerosol particles ejected by the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle to form a mixed mist that can be suspended and diffused; Step 4: Adjust the wind force through the digital control fan controlled by the microcomputer, and select the mixed mist with particle size of 5-15μm to blow out the mist outlet pipe; Step 5: The mixed mist blown out of the mist outlet pipe is suspended in the air and diffused.

2. The method for atomizing vaccines in an animal breeding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure of the high-pressure gas generated by the air compressor is 0.38Mpa-0.42Mpa.

3. The method for atomizing vaccines in an animal breeding process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-pressure gas is cooled to a temperature less than 37° C. and greater than 20° C. by flowing through the metal pipeline.

4. The method for atomizing vaccines in an animal breeding process according to claim 1, wherein: The air hole diameter of the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle is ≤1.2 mm, the water hole diameter is ≤0.9 mm, the ultrasonic vibrator on the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle, and the particle size of the two-fluid ultrasonic spray is less than or equal to 15 μm.

5. The method for atomizing vaccines in an animal breeding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: When high-pressure gas passes through the air holes of the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle, a Venturi effect is generated, and the vaccine solution is sucked into the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle by siphon action, mixed with the cooled high-pressure gas, and collided with the ultrasonic vibrator on the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle, causing the vaccine solution molecules to be torn into vaccine aerosol particles less than or equal to 15μm.

6. The method for atomizing vaccines in an animal breeding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension aid comprises the following components in the following weight percentages: 60% glycerol and 40% water.

7. The method for atomizing vaccines in an animal breeding process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The suspension aid is heated to 250-260° C. by the atomizing core and vaporized into non-toxic and harmless smoke-like floating matter. The suspension aid in the smoke-like floating matter state is mixed with vaccine aerosol particles with a particle size of less than or equal to 15 μm to form a mixed mist.

8. The method for atomizing vaccines in an animal breeding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the digital controlled fan is 5800-6200 rpm, and the duty cycle thereof is 7:

3.

9. A vaccine atomizer for use in the vaccine atomization method in an animal breeding process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The vaccine atomizer comprises: An air compressor, wherein the air compressor is used to generate high-pressure gas; A vaccine solution pot, which is used to hold the vaccine solution to be vaccinated. A two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle is connected to a vaccine solution pot via a pipe and to an air compressor via a metal pipe with cooling properties. Based on the siphon principle, the vaccine solution in the vaccine solution pot is sucked into the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle and mixed with the cooled high-pressure gas. The two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle is equipped with an ultrasonic vibrator. The cooled high-pressure gas and vaccine solution are mixed in the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle and ejected. The ultrasonic vibrator tears the vaccine solution molecules into aerosol particles smaller than or equal to 15 microns. A suspension aid pot, which is used to hold a suspension aid solution; An atomizer core for heating the suspension aid; the atomizer core can heat the suspension aid to 250-260°C, and the suspension aid pot is connected to the atomizer core through an additive pump and a sealed pipe; The mixing chamber is connected to the atomizing core and the two-fluid ultrasonic nozzle respectively. In the mixing chamber, the suspension adjuvant and the vaccine aerosol particles are mixed into a mixed mist.

10. The vaccine atomizer according to claim 9, characterized in that: A digitally controlled fan is installed at the inlet end of the mixing chamber, and a mist outlet pipe is connected to the output end of the mixing chamber. The diameter of the mist outlet pipe is 110 mm and the length is 50 cm. The wind force of the digitally controlled fan is controlled by a microcomputer, forming a microcomputer-controlled wind path in the mist outlet duct, and the mixed mist of vaccine aerosol particles with a particle size of 5-15μm and suspension additives is selectively blown out from the outlet.

Images