Filling type stirring friction tunnel forming device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a filling type stirring friction tunnel forming device and method. The filling type stirring friction tunnel forming device comprises a stirring friction filling type device and a fixed feeding device which are arranged on a machine tool spindle. The fixed type feeding device is used for controlling conveying and positioning of metal materials, and the stirring friction filling type device is used for continuously conveying and rubbing the metal materials downwards to enable the metal materials to be in a sticky and plasticized state to be filled in the top of a prefabricated groove, and tunnel forming is carried out. A filling material with a certain thickness is deposited on the upper surface of the prefabricated groove in a suspended manner by using a stirring friction additive technology to seal and form the prefabricated groove, so that the difficult problem of a complicated technological process of welding after a prefabricated channel is adopted and a cover plate is covered in the prior art is successfully solved, and a continuous tunnel structure is formed at one time; the method aims at solving the technical problems that in an existing stirring friction tunnel forming technology, a heat affected zone and deformation are serious, and the regularity of the section shape of a tunnel channel is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a device and method for friction stir tunneling forming with filling. Background Art

[0002] In the field of aerospace, it is a commonly used technical means to introduce a heat dissipation medium into a transmission channel and achieve large-area heat dissipation by means of medium flow. The tunnel processing technology can meet the lightweight requirement of components while ensuring a high heat transfer efficiency in a heat exchange device. Therefore, the tunnel forming technology can be used as a solution for cooling protection of high-heat-generation devices. The traditional tunnel processing technology usually adopts a complex process of prefabricating a channel and then welding a cover plate. Moreover, common problems such as incomplete welding of the cover plate, collapse of the prefabricated channel, and processing efficiency will occur during the fusion welding process.

[0003] The friction stir tunneling forming technology is based on the tunnel defects in the friction stir welding process, and purposefully transports the internal material of the workpiece upward to the upper surface of the workpiece. It is a solid-phase processing technology. With the successful execution of the travel trajectory, an internal channel with a continuous and regular shape can be obtained. The filling material type of tunnel forming technology can also solve the problem of thinning of the upper surface of the workpiece channel by the tool during the traditional friction stir tunneling forming process. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a device and method for friction stir tunneling forming with filling to ensure good forming of the weld surface and have a certain controllability over the tunnel volume and forming position of thick plates. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a device and method for friction stir tunneling forming with filling, which uses the friction stir additive technology to suspend and deposit a certain thickness of filling material on the upper surface of a prefabricated groove for capping and forming, successfully solving the problem of the complex process of the traditional method of prefabricating a channel and then welding a cover plate, and forming a continuous tunnel structure at one time. The purpose is to break through the technical problems of serious heat-affected zone and deformation in the existing friction stir tunneling forming technology and improve the regularity of the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel channel.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present method adopts the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, the present invention provides a device for friction stir tunneling forming with filling, including a friction stir filling device 1 and a fixed feeding device 2 provided on the main shaft of a machine tool; The fixed feeding device 2 is used to control the feeding and positioning of metal materials, and the friction stir filling device 1 is used to continuously feed downward and friction the metal materials to make them reach a viscoplastic state and fill the top of the prefabricated groove for tunnel forming.

[0006] Furthermore, the friction stir filling device 1 is an integrally formed structure, which successively includes from top to bottom: a positioning and clamping part 1-1 at the top, a friction stir filling material part 1-2, a cover forming part 1-3, and a tunnel forming part 1-4; The positioning and clamping part 1-1 is provided with a positioning plane and is connected to the main shaft of a vertical or horizontal gantry welding machine equipment.

[0007] Furthermore, in the friction stir filling material part 1-2 of the friction stir filling device 1, this part is designed with a cutting edge 1-2-1 with multiple rotation paths and a material conveying groove 1-2-2. The wire material is pressed against the bottom of the material conveying groove 1-2-2. The rotational movement of the friction stir filling device 1 drives the cutting edge 1-2-1 to cut the wire material into metal granular bodies. The material conveying groove 1-2-2 is used to convey the friction metal granular material downward; the bottom end face of the friction stir filling material part 1-2 is coplanarly fitted with the fixed feeding device 2, and the two end faces can be jointly forged and extruded to form the solid-phase deposition of the viscous-plasticized metal material.

[0008] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the material conveying groove 1-2-2 in the friction stir filling device 1 is designed as a triangle, rectangle, trapezoid or semi-circle. The rotation direction of the material conveying groove 1-2-2 is opposite to the rotation direction of the friction stir filling device 1 during the tunnel forming process, thereby ensuring the downward movement and accumulation of the metal material.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixed feeding device 2 consists of three parts: a mounting through-hole 2-1, a feeding channel 2-2, and a storage bin part 2-3. Among them, multiple mounting through-holes 2-1 are installed at the fixed connection part of the main shaft of the gantry welding machine. During the friction stir tunnel forming process of filling type, the side surface of the storage bin 2-3 frictions with the metal material circumferentially to generate heat, providing the heat input for the viscous-plastic deformation of the metal material. At the same time, the bottom end face of it forges and extrudes the viscous-plasticized metal material to promote its solid-phase deposition forming.

[0010] Furthermore, the cover forming part 1-3 on the friction stir filling device 1 is used to stir and soften the metal material at the top of the prefabricated groove 4. The cover forming part 1-3 also promotes the metallurgical connection between the metal material at the top and the viscous-plasticized metal material. Under the rotational friction stir action, the viscous-plasticized metal material is evenly filled at the top of the prefabricated groove 4, realizing the cover forming of the tunnel structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the tunnel forming part 1-4 at the bottom of the friction stir filling device 1, during the tunnel forming process, its bottom end face frictions with the bottom surface of the prefabricated groove 4, and the spiral convex stripes 1-4-1 decorated on its side surface are used to inhibit the downward transmission of the viscous-plasticized metal material and ensure the regularity of the tunnel cross-sectional shape. The rotation direction of the spiral convex stripes 1-4-1 is the same as the rotation direction of the friction stir filling device 1 during the tunnel forming process.

[0012] Furthermore, the filled metal material has the same material as the sheet material to be tunnel-formed, and is the cover surface solid-phase deposition forming of wire, strip or rod of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy, nickel-based alloy polymer matrix composite material.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for friction stir tunnel forming with filling, which is realized by using the device described above. The method includes: First, a prefabricated groove 4 is opened on the sheet 3 to be tunnel-formed; Subsequently, the metal wire material is fed into the material conveying groove 1-2-2 on the friction stir filling device 1 through the feeding channel 2-2. With the continuous rotational movement of the friction stir filling device 1, the metal wire is cut into multiple metal granular bodies by the shearing edge 1-2-1, and the metal granular bodies are conveyed downward along the spiral track of the material conveying groove 1-2-1; As the material gradually accumulates, heat is generated by the mutual friction between the metal material and the friction stir filling device 1. Under the action of a high strain rate, the metal material undergoes severe plastic deformation, thereby reaching a state of viscous plasticity; The spiral convex pattern 1-4-1 decorated on the surface of the tunnel forming part 1-4 at the bottom of the friction stir filling device 1 has the same spiral direction as that of the material conveying groove 1-2-2, which is used to block the downward movement of the viscous plasticized metal material and ensure the regularity of the tunnel structure. The cover forming part 1-3 is used to stir and soften the metal material at the top of the prefabricated groove 4 and its metallurgical connection with the viscous plasticized metal material; Finally, under the friction stir of the cover forming part 1-3 of the viscous plasticized metal material, it is uniformly filled and connected to the top of the prefabricated groove 4, realizing its solid-phase filling cover forming, and finally successfully preparing the required tunnel structure.

[0014] Compared with the traditional stud welding technology, the present invention has the following process characteristics: 1. The friction stir tunnel forming device with filling of the present invention uses the friction stir additive manufacturing technology to suspend and deposit a certain thickness of filling material on the upper surface of the prefabricated groove for cover forming, successfully solving the problem of the complex process of traditional welding after using a prefabricated channel and covering it with a cover plate, and forming a continuous tunnel structure at one time; 2. The friction stir tunnel forming device and method with filling of the present invention have lower heat input compared with traditional welding, reduce the heat affected zone and deformation, and improve the regularity of the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel channel; 3. The tunnel structure formed by the present invention has uniform organization, excellent mechanical properties and fatigue resistance; 4. The present invention can be programmed to set the trajectory according to needs, realize the processing of complex-shaped tunnels, and is suitable for manufacturing high-quality metal internal channels. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a filling friction stir tunnel forming device according to the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic view of the friction stir filling device described; Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic view of the fixed feeding device shown; Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic view of a tunneled plate prepared by the filling friction stir process described.

[0016] Explanation of the attached drawings 1: Friction stir filling device, 2: Fixed feeding device; 1-1: Positioning and clamping part, 1-2: Friction stir filling material part, 1-2-1: Shearing edge, 1-2-2: Material conveying groove, 1-3: Cover forming part, 1-4: Tunnel forming part, spiral rib 1-4-1; 2-1: Installation through hole, 2-2: Feeding channel, 2-3: Storage bin part; 3: Plate to be tunnel formed; 4: Prefabricated groove; 5: Thermoplastic formed cover layer; 6: Tunnel structure after filling forming. Specific implementation manners

[0017] Combined with Figures 1 to 4This embodiment is about a device and method for friction stir tunneling with filling. Its basic structure mainly includes a friction stir filling device 1 and a fixed feeding device 2 arranged on the main shaft of the device. The specific process is as follows: First, a prefabricated groove 4 is opened on the plate 3 to be tunnel formed. Subsequently, the wire material is fed into the feeding groove 1-2-2 on the friction stir filling device 1 through the feeding channel 2-2. With the continuous rotational movement of the friction stir filling device 1, the wire material is cut into multiple metal granular bodies by the cutting edge 1-2-1, and the metal granular bodies are conveyed downward along the spiral trajectory of the feeding groove 1-2-1. As the material gradually accumulates, heat is generated by the mutual friction between the metal material and the friction stir filling device 1. Under the action of a high strain rate, the metal material undergoes severe plastic deformation, thus reaching a viscoplastic state. The spiral ridges 1-4-1 decorated on the surface of the tunnel forming part 1-4 at the bottom of the friction stir filling device 1 have the same helix direction as that of the feeding groove 1-2-2, which is mainly used to block the downward movement of the viscoplastic metal material and ensure the regularity of the tunnel structure. The cover forming part 1-3 is mainly used to stir and soften the metal material at the top of the prefabricated groove 4 and its metallurgical connection with the viscoplastic metal material. Finally, the viscoplastic metal material is evenly filled and connected to the top of the prefabricated groove 4 under the friction stir of the cover forming part 1-3, realizing its solid-phase filling cover forming, and finally successfully preparing the required tunnel structure.

[0018] Combined with Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment is about the friction stir filling device 1 in a device for friction stir tunneling with filling. The friction stir filling device 1 consists of a positioning and clamping part 1-1 at the top, a friction stir filling material part 1-2, a cover forming part 1-3, and a tunnel forming part 1-4. There is a positioning plane on the positioning and clamping part 1-1, which can be connected to the main shaft of a vertical or horizontal gantry welding machine. And the relevant structural design of the positioning plane can be designed and processed according to the requirements of the tool holder of the rotating main shaft of the gantry welding machine. Combined with Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment is about the friction stir filling material part 1-2 in the friction stir filling device 1 of a device for friction stir tunneling with filling. This part is designed with a cutting edge 1-2-1 and a feeding groove 1-2-2 with multiple rotation paths. The wire material reaches the bottom of the feeding groove 1-2-2. The rotational movement of the friction stir filling device 1 drives the cutting edge 1-2-1 to cut the wire material into metal granular bodies. The feeding groove 1-2-2 is mainly used to convey and friction the metal granular body material downward. The bottom end face of the friction stir filling material part 1-2 is coplanar with the fixed feeding device 2, and the two end faces can be forged and extruded together to form the solid-phase deposition of the viscoplastic metal material. Combined with Figures 1 to 4Regarding this embodiment, in the feeding trough 1-2-2 of the friction stir filling device 1 in a friction stir tunnel forming device with filling, the cross-sectional shape of the feeding trough 1-2-2 can be designed as shapes such as triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, and semi-circular. The rotation direction of the feeding material 1-2-2 is opposite to the rotation direction of the friction stir filling device 1 during the tunnel forming process, thereby ensuring the downward movement and accumulation of the metal material; Combined with Figures 1 to 4 Regarding this embodiment, the fixed feeding device 2 in a friction stir tunnel forming device with filling consists of three parts: an installation through-hole 2-1, a feeding channel 2-2, and a storage bin part 2-3. Among them, multiple installation through-holes 2-1 are designed to be installed at the fixed connection part of the main shaft of the gantry welder. During the friction stir tunnel forming process with filling, heat is generated by the mutual friction between the side surface of the storage bin 2-3 and the circumferential direction of the metal material, which can provide the heat input for the viscoplastic deformation of the metal material. At the same time, the end surface at the bottom can forge and extrude the viscoplasticized metal material to promote its solidification and deposition forming; Combined with Figures 1 to 4 Regarding this embodiment, the cover forming part 1-3 on the friction stir filling device 1 in a friction stir tunnel forming device with filling. It is mainly used for stirring and softening the metal material at the top of the prefabricated groove 4 and its metallurgical connection with the viscoplasticized metal material. Under the rotational friction stir action, the viscoplasticized metal material is evenly filled and connected to the top of the prefabricated groove 4, realizing the cover forming of the tunnel structure; Combined with Figures 1 to 4 Regarding this embodiment, the tunnel forming part 1-4 at the bottom of the friction stir filling device 1 in a friction stir tunnel forming device with filling. During the tunnel forming process, the bottom end surface acts on the bottom surface of the prefabricated groove 4 by friction, and the spiral ridges 1-4-1 decorated on its side surface are used to inhibit the downward transmission of the viscoplasticized metal material and ensure the regularity of the tunnel cross-sectional shape. The rotation direction of the spiral ridges 1-4-1 is the same as the rotation direction of the friction stir filling device 1 during the tunnel forming process; Combined with Figures 1 to 4 Regarding this embodiment, a friction stir tunnel forming device and method with filling, the characteristics of its filling material are that it includes, but is not limited to, the cover solid-phase deposition forming of wire, strip, and rod of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy, nickel-based alloy polymer matrix composite, etc. with the same material as the plate to be tunnel formed.

[0019] Compared with the traditional stud welding technology, the present invention has the following process characteristics: 1. The filling friction stir tunnel forming device of the present invention uses friction stir additive manufacturing technology to deposit a certain thickness of filling material on the upper surface of the prefabricated groove in a suspended manner to cover and form it, successfully solving the problem of the complex process of traditional welding after using a prefabricated channel and covering it with a cover plate, and forming a continuous tunnel structure at one time; 2. Compared with traditional welding, the filling friction stir tunnel forming device and method of the present invention have lower heat input, reduce the heat affected zone and deformation, and improve the regularity of the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel channel; 3. The tunnel structure formed by the present invention has uniform organization, excellent mechanical properties and fatigue resistance; 4. The present invention can be programmed to set the trajectory as needed to realize the processing of tunnels with complex shapes, and is suitable for manufacturing high-quality metal internal channels.

Claims

1. A device for filling-type friction stir tunnel forming, characterized in that: It comprises a friction stirring filling device (1) and a fixed feeding device (2) arranged on a machine tool spindle; The fixed feeding device (2) is used to control the conveying and positioning of the metal material, and the stirring friction filling device (1) is used to continuously convey and rub the metal material downward to make it reach a viscoplastic state and fill it on the top of the prefabricated groove to form the tunnel.

2. The device for filling-type friction stir tunnel forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction stir filling device (1) is an integrally formed structure, and comprises four parts from top to bottom: a top positioning clamping part (1-1), a friction stir filling material part (1-2), a cover forming part (1-3) and a tunnel forming part (1-4); A positioning plane is provided on the positioning clamping part (1-1) and is connected to a main shaft of a vertical or horizontal gantry welding machine.

3. The device for filling-type friction stir tunnel forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction stir filling material section (1-2) in the friction stir filling device (1) is designed with shearing ribs (1-2-1) and a feed trough (1-2-2) with multiple rotation paths. The metal wire is pushed to the bottom of the feed trough (1-2-2). The friction stir filling device (1) rotates to drive the shearing ribs (1-2-1) to shear the metal wire into metal particles. The feed trough (1-2-2) is used to transport and rub the metal particles downward. The bottom end face of the friction stir filling material section (1-2) is coplanar with the fixed feeding device (2), and the two end faces can be forged and extruded together to form a solid phase deposition of the viscoplastic metal material.

4. The device for filling-type friction stir tunnel forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the feed trough (1-2-2) in the friction stir filling device (1) is designed to be triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal or semicircular, and the rotation direction of the feed trough (1-2-2) is opposite to the rotation direction of the friction stir filling device (1) during the tunnel forming process, thereby ensuring the downward movement and accumulation of the metal material.

5. The device for filling-type friction stir tunnel forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed feeding device (2) consists of three parts: a mounting through hole (2-1), a feeding channel (2-2) and a storage bin (2-3), wherein a plurality of mounting through holes (2-1) are mounted on a fixed connection portion of the main shaft of the gantry welding machine. During the filling-type friction stir tunnel forming process, the side surface of the storage bin (2-3) and the metal material circumferentially rub against each other to generate heat, providing heat input for viscoplastic deformation of the metal material. At the same time, the end surface of the bottom forges and extrude the viscoplastic metal material to promote its solid deposition forming.

6. The device for filling-type friction stir tunnel forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover forming portion (1-3) on the stir friction filling device (1) is used to stir and soften the metal material on the top of the prefabricated groove (4). The cover forming portion (1-3) also promotes the metallurgical connection between the metal material on the top and the viscoplastic metal material. Under the action of the rotary stir friction, the viscoplastic metal material is evenly filled on the top of the prefabricated groove (4), thereby realizing the cover forming of the tunnel structure.

7. The device for filling-type friction stir tunnel forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel forming portion (1-4) at the bottom of the friction stir filling device (1) has a bottom end surface that acts on the bottom surface of the prefabricated groove (4) through friction during the tunnel forming process, and the spiral convex pattern (1-4-1) on the side surface is used to suppress the downward transmission of the viscoplasticized metal material and ensure the regularity of the tunnel cross-sectional shape. The rotation direction of the spiral convex pattern (1-4-1) is the same as the rotation direction of the friction stir filling device (1) during the tunnel forming process.

8. The device for filling-type friction stir tunnel forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal material to be filled is the same as the material of the plate to be tunnel-formed, and is formed by solid phase deposition of wire, strip or rod of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy, nickel-based alloy polymer-based composite material.

9. A method for filling-type friction stir tunnel forming, characterized in that: The method is implemented using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the method includes: First, a prefabricated groove (4) is formed on the plate (3) to be tunnel-formed; The metal wire material is then fed into the feed trough (1-2-2) on the friction stir filling device (1) through the feeding channel (2-2). As the friction stir filling device (1) continuously rotates, the metal wire material is sheared by the shearing edge (1-2-1) into a plurality of metal particles, and the metal particles are transported downward along the spiral trajectory of the feed trough (1-2-1). As the material gradually accumulates, the metal material and the friction stir filling device (1) generate heat due to friction with each other, and the metal material undergoes severe plastic deformation under the action of high strain rate, thus reaching a viscoplastic state; The spiral convex pattern (1-4-1) on the surface of the bottom tunnel forming portion (1-4) of the friction stir filling device (1) has the same rotation direction as that of the feed trough (1-2-2), and is used to prevent the downward movement of the adhesive-plasticized metal material and ensure the regularity of the tunnel structure. The cover forming portion (1-3) is used to stir and soften the metal material on the top of the prefabricated groove (4) and to form a metallurgical connection with the adhesive-plasticized metal material. Finally, under the stirring friction action of the metal material cover forming part (1-3) in the viscoplastic state, it is evenly filled and connected to the top of the prefabricated groove (4), realizing its solid phase filling cover forming, and finally successfully preparing the required tunnel structure.

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