Metal cleaning agent and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal cleaning agent and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cleaning agents. According to the metal cleaning agent disclosed by the invention, the cleaning effect and the low-foam effect of the metal cleaning agent are jointly enhanced by adopting the non-ionic surface active agent of the inorganic salt and the ethoxypropoxy-C8-10-fatty alcohol, oil stains on the surface of an iron part are cleaned up in a relatively short time, the generated foam is less and is extremely quickly eliminated, and the problem of overflow of tank liquid foam is completely eradicated. The method is suitable for all steel cleaning process treatment and surface treatment of galvanized plates, aluminum materials and the like. The metal cleaning agent is simple in manufacturing process, convenient to use, safe to transport, free of heavy metal and fluorine, energy-saving and environment-friendly, and the problem that metal cleaning agents in the current market are high in foam is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of cleaning agents, and in particular relates to a metal cleaning agent, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Metal cleaners play a vital role in modern industry and are widely used for degreasing and cleaning various metal surfaces. Each metal has its own unique chemical and physical properties, leading to a variety of targeted cleaning agents available on the market to ensure corrosion-free cleaning. However, a common problem is that many highly effective metal cleaners tend to produce large amounts of foam during use. This foam not only affects cleaning efficiency but can also lead to incomplete cleaning and even damage equipment. Foam overflow is a common problem in actual metal processing and cleaning sites, contaminating the processing area and increasing disposal costs.

[0003] To address this issue, some companies currently use metal cleaning defoamers to control foam. These defoamers rapidly eliminate foam during the metal cleaning process through mechanisms such as surface tension reduction, penetration and dispersion, adsorption, and bridging. While this approach can address the problem to a certain extent, it is not a fundamental solution, as the use of defoamers adds additional costs and operational steps.

[0004] Therefore, the market is increasingly in need of a new type of low-foaming metal cleaner. This cleaner must not only possess strong metal cleaning capabilities but also significantly reduce foaming during the cleaning process. Developing such a product would not only improve cleaning efficiency and reduce on-site pollution, but also help companies save processing costs. Furthermore, with increasing environmental awareness, developing an environmentally friendly low-foaming metal cleaner also meets the requirements of sustainable development.

[0005] The prior art discloses a metal parts cleaning agent, which includes 2-10% of inorganic salts, 10-30% of nonionic surfactants, 0.1-2% of complexing dispersants, 0.5-2% of sedimentation isolation agents, 2-5% of alcohol ether solvents, 0.1-1% of corrosion inhibitors, and the remainder is deionized water. However, the complexing dispersant is an organic phosphine chelating agent, which is difficult to be decomposed by microorganisms in the environment, causing pollution. It may cause more tiny particles to remain on the metal surface after cleaning, affecting the cleanliness of the metal parts. The foam volume is reduced to a certain extent, but the effect of lower foam volume and rapid defoaming cannot be achieved.

[0006] Therefore, the development of a metal cleaning agent with high cleaning power and low foaming, as well as its preparation method and application, has important research significance and application value. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the limitations of the prior art, the primary objective of the present invention is to provide a metal cleaning agent. The metal cleaning agent provided by the present invention utilizes inorganic salts and a nonionic surfactant, a C8-10-alkoxylated branched fatty alcohol, to enhance the cleaning and low-foaming properties of the metal cleaning agent, making it suitable for industrial applications.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the metal cleaning agent.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide the use of the above-mentioned metal cleaning agent in the surface treatment of iron parts, galvanized sheets or aluminum materials.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] The present invention provides a metal cleaning agent comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0012] Degreasing agent: 20-30 parts of alkali, 5-14 parts of inorganic salts, 0.5-2 parts of chelating agent;

[0013] Degreasing aid: 5-10 parts of nonionic surfactant, 90-95 parts of water;

[0014] Wherein, the nonionic surfactant is C8-10-alkoxylated branched fatty alcohol.

[0015] The present invention provides a metal cleaning agent. Alkali has a dispersing and removing effect on oil stains, while inorganic salts have corrosion inhibition and descaling, suspension, emulsification, peptization, dispersion, wetting, penetration, and pH buffering capabilities. They can also further reduce the surface tension and interfacial tension of the surfactant solution, thus aiding in cleaning and suppressing foaming. Nonionic surfactants with short main carbon chains or complex molecular structures are generally low-foaming. C8-10-alkoxylated branched fatty alcohols are selected because the groups they contain make the adsorption film formed on the foam liquid film less compact, improving the air permeability of the foam liquid film and thus reducing foam stability. This further reduces foaming and improves foam dissipation. However, selecting some low-foaming surfactants can reduce their oil removal performance.

[0016] Preferably, the C8-10-alkoxylated branched fatty alcohol is one or more of SP306, BL-225 or NS-806.

[0017] Preferably, the nonionic surfactant is a compound of SP306 and BL-225 in C8-10-alkoxylated branched fatty alcohol, with a mass ratio of 3-7:2-3.

[0018] Preferably, the mass ratio of SP306 and BL-225 in the ethoxypropoxylated-C8-10-fatty alcohol is 4:3.

[0019] Preferably, the inorganic salts are one or more of sodium gluconate, sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium tripolyphosphate or sodium pyrophosphate.

[0020] Inorganic salts such as sodium metasilicate pentahydrate and sodium tripolyphosphate have corrosion inhibition effects.

[0021] Preferably, the inorganic salts are a mixture of sodium gluconate, sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate, with a mass fraction ratio of 2-5:1-3:1-3:1-3.

[0022] Preferably, the base is one or both of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.

[0023] Preferably, the alkali is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide in a mass fraction ratio of 10-15:10-15.

[0024] Preferably, the chelating agent is tetrasodium EDTA.

[0025] Tetrasodium EDTA is an excellent complexing agent and metal masking agent under alkaline conditions.

[0026] Preferably, the water is deionized water.

[0027] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the metal cleaning agent, comprising the following steps:

[0028] Add water to the inorganic salts and chelating agent first, then add the alkali; after stirring evenly and cooling to room temperature, add the inorganic salts and chelating agent in sequence, and then stir evenly; add water to the degreasing aid first, then add the non-ionic surfactant and stir evenly.

[0029] Preferably, the stirring step comprises:

[0030] Degreasing agent: (1) Add alkali to water and dissolve it, stirring until the alkali is completely dissolved. (2) After cooling to room temperature, add inorganic salts and chelating agents in sequence, stirring until the inorganic salts and chelating agents are completely dissolved.

[0031] Degreasing aid: Add nonionic surfactant into water and stir evenly.

[0032] Preferably, the stirring time is 1 to 15 minutes.

[0033] Preferably, the stirring temperature is 20-30°C.

[0034] The use of the above metal cleaning agent in the preparation of iron parts, galvanized sheets or aluminum surface treatment is also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The metal cleaning agent provided by the present invention can clean oil stains from the surface of iron parts in a relatively short time, produces little foam that disappears very quickly, and is free of heavy metals and volatile organic components, thus meeting environmental protection requirements. Furthermore, the metal cleaning agent provided by the present invention can effectively reduce foam generation, eliminating the problem of foam overflow in the tank liquid. It is suitable for all steel cleaning processes, as well as for surface treatment of galvanized steel sheets, aluminum materials, and the like. Furthermore, the metal cleaning agent has a simple production process, is easy to use, and is safe to transport. It contains no heavy metals or fluorine, is energy-efficient, and is environmentally friendly, overcoming the high foaming problem of metal cleaning agents currently on the market. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of foam height in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of foam height in Example 2;

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of foam height in Example 3;

[0040] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of foam height in Example 4;

[0041] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of foam height in Example 5;

[0042] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of foam height in Example 6;

[0043] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of foam height in Example 7;

[0044] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of foam height in Example 8;

[0045] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of foam height in Example 9;

[0046] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of foam height in Example 10;

[0047] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of foam height in Example 11;

[0048] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of foam height in Example 12;

[0049] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of foam height of Comparative Example 1;

[0050] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of foam height of Comparative Example 2;

[0051] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of foam height of Comparative Example 3;

[0052] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of foam height of Comparative Example 4;

[0053] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of foam height of Comparative Example 5;

[0054] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of foam height of Comparative Example 6;

[0055] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of foam height of Comparative Example 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention is further described below with reference to the examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the present invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Experimental methods in the following examples where specific conditions are not specified are generally performed in accordance with conventional conditions in the art or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer; the raw materials and reagents used, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available from conventional markets. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.

[0057] Some of the reagents selected in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are described as follows:

[0058] Example:

[0059] Nonionic surfactant 1#: C8-10-alkoxylated branched fatty alcohol, SP-306, Guangdong Sanpin Technology;

[0060] Nonionic surfactant 2#: ethoxylated propoxylated C8-10 fatty alcohol, ANTAROX BL-225 Soville;

[0061] Nonionic surfactant 3#: C8-10-alkoxylated branched fatty alcohol, NS-806, Dow Chemical;

[0062] Comparative Example:

[0063] Nonionic surfactant 4#: C12-C14 secondary alcohol polyether, G120, Sowell;

[0064] Nonionic surfactant 5#: sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate;

[0065] Nonionic surfactant 6#: propylene glycol block polyether, L-61, Dow Chemical;

[0066] Inorganic salts 1#: sodium gluconate, sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate, with a mass fraction ratio of 3:2:2:2;

[0067] Inorganic salts 2#: sodium gluconate;

[0068] Inorganic salts 3#: sodium tripolyphosphate;

[0069] Alkali: sodium hydroxide;

[0070] Chelating agent: Tetrasodium EDTA;

[0071] Water: deionized water.

[0072] The metal cleaning agents of the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are prepared by the following process:

[0073] First add water to the degreasing main agent, then add alkali; stir evenly and cool to room temperature, then add inorganic salts and chelating agents in sequence, and then stir evenly; first add water to the degreasing auxiliary agent, then add non-ionic surfactant and stir evenly.

[0074] The performance test methods and standards of the metal cleaning agents of the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples are as follows:

[0075] (1) Cleaning power (gravimetric method): According to the machinery industry standard JB / T 4323-2019, the cleaning power of artificial oil stains and hydraulic oil stains was tested respectively. The composition and preparation of artificial oil stains: 8% barium petroleum sulfonate, 3.5% lanolin magnesium soap, 2% lanolin, 30% industrial vaseline, 34.5% No. 20 machine oil, 12% No. 30 machine oil, 2% calcium-based grease, 4% aluminum oxide, 4% alloy iron powder, stirred at 120°C, cooled to room temperature and used for later use;

[0076] (2) Defoaming performance test: According to the mechanical industry standard JB / T 4323-2019, preheat the prepared test solution to 30℃±2℃, pour it into the measuring cylinder so that the liquid level is 70mm from the lower end of the cylinder stopper, cover the stopper, place it in a constant temperature water bath or constant temperature electric drying oven at 30℃±2℃ for 10 minutes, take it out, and immediately shake it up and down for 1 minute. The distance of the up and down shaking is about 0.33m, and the frequency is about (100~110) times / min. After shaking, open the cylinder stopper, place the measuring cylinder containing the test solution in a constant temperature water bath or constant temperature electric drying oven at 30℃±2℃ and let it stand for 10 minutes. Observe the disappearance of the foam and record the residual foam height (the average of the high and low peak values of the foam);

[0077] (3) Corrosion: Corrosion is tested according to the mechanical industry standard JB / T 4323-2019.

[0078] Examples 1 to 12

[0079] This embodiment provides a series of metal cleaning agents, and the weight percentages of the components in the formulas are shown in Table 1.

[0080] Table 1: Formulas of Examples 1 to 12 (parts)

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] Comparative Examples 1 to 7

[0084] This comparative example provides a series of metal cleaning agents, the components of which are shown in Table 2.

[0085] Table 2: Formulas of Comparative Examples 1 to 7 (parts)

[0086]

[0087] The performance test results of the metal cleaning agents in the embodiments and comparative examples according to the above-mentioned method are shown in Table 3.

[0088] Table 3 Performance test results of various embodiments and comparative examples

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] As can be seen from Table 3, the metal cleaning agents prepared in Examples 1 to 12 of the present invention all have good cleaning effects and low foaming effects, and are suitable for industrial applications. Among them, Example 1 is the best component selection.

[0092] Comparative Example 1 uses nonionic surfactant 4#: C12-C14 secondary alcohol polyether, with high foam volume; Comparative Example 2 uses nonionic surfactant 5#: sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, which also has large foam volume; Comparative Example 3 uses nonionic surfactant 6#: propylene glycol block polyether, with small foam volume, but poor cleaning power; Comparative Examples 4 and 5 have too few and too many surfactants added. Adding too little will reduce the detergent-assisting ability, that is, the cleaning power, and adding too much will prolong the defoaming time; Comparative Examples 6 and 7 have the degreasing main agent added in an amount that is not too little or too much, which will also lead to a decrease in cleaning power.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal cleaning agent, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: Degreasing agent: 20-30 parts of alkali, 5-14 parts of inorganic salts, 0.5-2 parts of chelating agent; Degreasing aid: 5-10 parts of nonionic surfactant, 90-95 parts of water; Wherein, the nonionic surfactant is C8-10-alkoxylated branched fatty alcohol.

2. The metal cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The C8-10-alkoxylated branched fatty alcohol is one or more of SP306, BL-225 or NS-806.

3. The metal cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nonionic surfactant is a compound of SP306 and BL-225 in C8-10-alkoxylated branched fatty alcohol, with a mass ratio of 3-7:2-3.

4. The metal cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of SP306 and BL-225 in the ethoxypropoxylated-C8-10-fatty alcohol is 4:

3.

5. The metal cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic salts are one or more of sodium gluconate, sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium tripolyphosphate or sodium pyrophosphate.

6. The metal cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic salts are a mixture of sodium gluconate, sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate, with a mass fraction ratio of 2-5:1-3:1-3:1-3.

7. The metal cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkali is one or both of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.

8. The metal cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chelating agent is tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

9. The method for preparing the metal cleaning agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Add water to the inorganic salts and chelating agent first, then add the alkali; after stirring evenly and cooling to room temperature, add the inorganic salts and chelating agent in sequence, and then stir evenly; add water to the degreasing aid first, then add the non-ionic surfactant and stir evenly.

10. Use of the metal cleaning agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in the preparation of iron parts, galvanized sheets or aluminum surface treatment.

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