System and method for active adjustment of sliding bearing angle

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and method for actively adjusting the angle of a sliding bearing, and the system comprises a detection mechanism for detecting the inclination angle of the sliding bearing and an execution mechanism for pushing the sliding bearing to rotate, and the sliding bearing is provided with a distance measurement mechanism for detecting the distance between the sliding bearing and the two ends of a shaft neck of a rotor. The detection mechanism, the distance measurement mechanism and the execution mechanism are all connected with the controller; the method comprises the following steps: S1, calculating and setting a shaft inclination angle theta set of a target rotor according to static deflection compensation, measuring an initial inclination angle theta real of a sliding bearing through a detection mechanism, and controlling an execution mechanism to push the sliding bearing to rotate by a controller to enable theta set to be equal to theta real; s2, the distance between the sliding bearing and the two ends of the rotor is measured through a distance measuring mechanism, the controller calculates the inclination angle deviation delta theta of the sliding bearing and the rotor, and an executing mechanism is controlled to push the sliding bearing to rotate to eliminate the inclination angle deviation; the inclination angle of the sliding bearing can be actively adjusted to eliminate inclination angle deviation between the sliding bearing and the rotor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a sliding bearing, and in particular to a system and method for actively adjusting the angle of a sliding bearing. Background Art

[0002] Rotating machinery (such as steam turbines, compressors, and generators) typically uses sliding bearings to support high-speed rotors. These bearings create support through an oil film, ensuring stable rotor operation and reducing friction and wear. However, during operation, the rotor axis may tilt due to factors such as thermal deformation, foundation settlement, or dynamic load disturbances. This can lead to uneven oil film pressure distribution within the bearing, generating additional torque, intensified vibration, and abnormal wear.

[0003] To accommodate changes in rotor inclination, existing tilting pad bearings automatically tilt their bearings based on the oil film pressure distribution to adjust to the rotor's attitude. However, this method cannot actively control the bearing angle and, under complex operating conditions, can still lead to uneven oil film pressure, causing additional vibration. Alternatively, the bearing angle can be pre-adjusted during installation based on static deflection calculations to optimize oil film distribution. However, this method cannot adapt to dynamic changes during operation and has poor adaptability to parameters such as speed and load.

[0004] Currently, there is no effective technical solution for proactively adjusting bearing angle to address the oil film pressure imbalance caused by rotor axial tilt. Existing bearing adjustment methods mostly rely on static settings or passive adaptation, making it difficult to compensate for changes in bearing angle in real time during operation. Especially under high-load, high-speed rotation, problems such as uneven wear and abnormal vibration may still occur. Therefore, a system is needed that can detect bearing status in real time and proactively adjust bearing angle to optimize oil film pressure distribution, reduce additional torque, and improve the operational stability and reliability of rotating machinery. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for actively adjusting the angle of a sliding bearing, which can actively adjust the inclination angle of the sliding bearing to eliminate the inclination angle deviation between the sliding bearing and the rotor.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the system for active adjustment of the sliding bearing angle described in the present invention includes a detection mechanism for detecting the inclination angle of the sliding bearing. The sliding bearing is rotatably connected to the mechanical body. The sliding bearing is provided with a distance measuring mechanism for detecting the distance between the two ends of the shaft neck of the sliding bearing and the rotor in a plane perpendicular to its rotation axis. The mechanical body is provided with an actuator for promoting the rotation of the sliding bearing. The detection mechanism, the distance measuring mechanism and the actuator are all connected to a controller for receiving a signal to calculate the inclination angle deviation between the sliding bearing and the rotor and controlling the actuator to promote the rotation of the sliding bearing to eliminate the difference.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the sliding bearing is connected to the mechanical body through a rotating shaft. The inclination angle of the sliding bearing can be measured by the detection mechanism, and the inclination angle of the sliding bearing in the initial state can be calibrated with the set inclination angle of the rotor in cooperation with the controller and the actuator so that the two remain consistent; during operation, because the sliding bearing is provided with a distance measuring mechanism for measuring the distance between the two ends of the shaft neck of the sliding bearing and the rotor in a plane perpendicular to the rotating shaft connecting it to the mechanical body, the distance measuring mechanism and the controller can measure in real time the difference in the inclination angle between the rotor and the sliding bearing in the rotation direction of the sliding bearing, and accordingly control the actuator to drive the sliding bearing to rotate in real time to actively eliminate the inclination angle deviation between it and the rotor, thereby optimizing the oil film pressure distribution, reducing the additional torque, avoiding problems such as uneven wear and abnormal vibration caused by the inclination angle deviation between the two, and improving the operating stability and reliability of the rotating machinery.

[0008] The method for actively adjusting the angle of a sliding bearing according to the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Calculate and set the target rotor's axial inclination angle θ based on static deflection compensation set , the initial inclination angle θ of the sliding bearing is measured by the detection mechanism real , the controller controls the actuator to push the sliding bearing to rotate so that θ set =θ real ;

[0010] S2. Measure the distance G between the sliding bearing and the two ends of the measuring rotor through the distance measuring mechanism left and G right The controller calculates the inclination angle deviation Δθ between the sliding bearing and the rotor according to the measured spacing, and controls the actuator to push the sliding bearing to rotate so that Δθ=0 according to Δθ.

[0011] Based on the above method, firstly, the initial inclination angle θ of the sliding bearing is set to real Adjust to the target rotor inclination angle θ calculated based on the static deflection compensation set The difference between the sliding bearing and the rotor is measured in real time by the distance measuring mechanism and the controller in step S2, and the controller controls the actuator to drive the sliding bearing to rotate in real time to actively eliminate the difference between the sliding bearing and the rotor, thereby optimizing the oil film pressure distribution, reducing the additional torque, avoiding problems such as uneven wear and abnormal vibration caused by the inclination deviation between the two, and improving the operating stability and reliability of the rotating machinery.

[0012] Preferably, the actuator includes a lead screw, a ball nut and a servo motor for driving the ball nut to rotate, and the lead screw is hinged on a sliding bearing.

[0013] The actuator uses a lead screw, ball nut and servo motor to achieve accurate control of small distances.

[0014] Preferably, the calculation formula for the total number of pulses required for the annular servo motor to eliminate the deviation between the sliding bearing and the rotor inclination angle is:

[0015]

[0016] Among them, N T is the total number of pulses required by the ring servo motor, D is the inner diameter of the sliding bearing, P is the lead screw pitch, and N is the number of pulses per revolution of the ring servo motor.

[0017] Through the above formula, the inclination deviation of the sliding bearing and the rotor can be calculated according to the real-time measured spacing value to accurately calculate the number of pulses of the servo motor, thereby achieving accurate control and precisely eliminating the difference in the inclination angle between the sliding bearing and the rotor.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The present invention has the following advantages: through the detection mechanism and the distance measuring mechanism in conjunction with the controller, the inclination angles of the sliding bearing and the rotor can be calibrated in the initial state to make the two unified, and the inclination angle deviation between the sliding bearing and the rotor can be calculated in real time during operation. Based on this, the controller controls the actuator to drive the sliding bearing to rotate to eliminate the inclination angle deviation between it and the rotor, thereby optimizing the oil film pressure distribution, reducing the additional torque, avoiding problems such as uneven wear and abnormal vibration caused by the inclination angle deviation between the two, and improving the operating stability and reliability of the rotating machinery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is the structural front view of the system;

[0020] Figure 2 This is the structural side view of the system;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the process of this method;

[0022] Figure 4 This is the terminal wiring diagram of the controller of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and drawings.

[0024] As shown in the figure, the system for active adjustment of the sliding bearing angle described in the present invention includes a detection mechanism 2 for detecting the inclination angle of the sliding bearing 1. The sliding bearing 1 is rotatably connected to the mechanical body. The sliding bearing 1 is provided with a distance measuring mechanism 3 in a plane perpendicular to its rotation axis for detecting the distance between the two ends of the journal of the sliding bearing and the rotor. The mechanical body is provided with an actuator 4 for driving the sliding bearing 1 to rotate. The detection mechanism 2, the distance measuring mechanism 3 and the actuator 4 are all connected to a controller for receiving signals to calculate the inclination angle deviation between the sliding bearing 1 and the rotor and, based on the signals, controlling the actuator 4 to drive the sliding bearing 1 to rotate to eliminate the difference.

[0025] The center of both sides of the sliding bearing 1 is provided with an ear shaft 5, that is, the axis of the ear shaft 5 intersects with the axis of the sliding bearing 1, and is rotatably connected to the mechanical body through the ear shaft 5; a distance measuring mechanism 3 is provided in a plane perpendicular to the ear shaft 5 at both ends of the inner wall of the sliding bearing 1, and the plane can pass through the axis of the sliding bearing 1, that is, the axis is located in the plane; the distance measuring mechanism 3 adopts two eddy current sensors respectively arranged at both ends of the sliding bearing 1, and the probe of the eddy current sensor is facing the rotor, that is, the axis of the probe is perpendicular to the facing rotor surface to ensure measurement accuracy; the distance measuring mechanism 3 can also adopt a distance measuring device such as a laser distance measuring sensor.

[0026] The sliding bearing 1 is provided with a gyroscope, which is arranged on the outer surface of the sliding bearing 1 and as close to the middle part of the sliding bearing 1 as possible to reduce the influence of external vibration and installation error on the measurement accuracy;

[0027] The actuator 4 includes an electric telescopic device hinged on the sliding bearing 1, and the electric telescopic device includes a screw, a ball nut and an annular servo motor for driving the ball nut to rotate. The screw is hinged on the sliding bearing 1, and the ball nut is driven to rotate by the annular servo motor, which in turn drives the screw to move axially to drive the sliding bearing 1 to rotate around the ear shaft 5; a connecting rod can also be added between the screw and the sliding bearing 1 to avoid conflict between the ball nut and the sliding bearing 1 during adjustment and affect its rotation; the electric telescopic device can also use devices such as electric telescopic rods or electric cylinders, but the control accuracy is higher when using screws, ball nuts and annular servo motors.

[0028] The controller can be a PLC controller, and its terminal wiring diagram is as follows Figure 4 shown.

[0029] The method for actively adjusting the angle of a sliding bearing according to the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1. Calculate and set the target rotor's axial inclination angle θ based on static deflection compensation set , the initial inclination angle θ of the sliding bearing 1 is measured by the detection mechanism 2 real The controller controls the actuator 4 to push the sliding bearing 1 to rotate so that θset =θ real ;

[0031] S2, measure the distance G between the sliding bearing 1 and the two ends of the measuring rotor through the distance measuring mechanism 3 left and G right The controller calculates the inclination angle deviation Δθ between the sliding bearing 1 and the rotor according to the measured distance, and controls the actuator 4 to push the sliding bearing 1 to rotate so that Δθ=0 according to Δθ.

[0032] Where Δθ is calculated according to the following formula

[0033]

[0034] Where B is the axial distance between the two ends of the rotor journal, ΔG = G left -G right .

[0035] When the actuator 4 includes a lead screw, a ball nut and a servo motor for driving the ball nut to rotate, the calculation formula for the total number of pulses required by the annular servo motor to eliminate the deviation between the sliding bearing (1) and the rotor inclination angle is:

[0036]

[0037] Among them, N T is the total number of pulses required by the annular servo motor, D is the inner diameter of the sliding bearing (1), P is the lead screw pitch, and N is the number of pulses per revolution of the annular servo motor.

[0038] The controller is based on N T The rotation of the annular servo motor is controlled, and the rotation angle of the sliding bearing 1 is accurately controlled to eliminate the difference between the rotation angle and the rotor inclination angle. The specific control of the annular servo motor to rotate forward or reverse is determined by the position of the actuator 4 and the positive or negative sign of Δθ.

[0039] The following is a specific example to further illustrate:

[0040] Take the sliding bearing 1 commonly used in high and medium pressure cylinders with an inner diameter D = 380mm and an axial length of the sliding bearing 1, that is, the distance between the two ends of the rotor axial direction B = 300mm, as an example:

[0041] Assuming the lead screw pitch is 5mm and the number of pulses per motor revolution is 4096, the push rod moves approximately 0.00122mm for each pulse sent by the motor.

[0042] In the initial state, read the set rotor inclination angle θ calculated based on the static deflection compensation set and the sliding bearing inclination angle θ detected in real time by the gyroscope real , calculate the inclination deviation between the two Δθ=θ set-θ real The total number of pulses required by the ring servo motor to eliminate the inclination deviation

[0043] If θ is calculated based on the static deflection compensation set = 0.05°, the bearing angle θ detected by the gyroscope in real time real =0°, Δθ=θ set -θ real =0.05°>0, the ring servo motor reverses, The PLC sends direction instructions through the DO port and sends pulse numbers to the motor driver through the PWM port to drive the ring servo motor to rotate.

[0044] During the dynamic adjustment phase, read the radial clearance G between the sliding bearing 1 and the rotor journal. left and G right , calculate the gap difference between the two ends ΔG=G left -G right、 Inclination deviation and If the eddy current sensor measures G left =1.45mm, G right =1.50mm, calculation shows that ΔG=-0.05mm<0, The ring servo motor rotates forward. The PLC sends direction instructions through the DO port and sends pulse numbers to the motor driver through the PWM port to drive the ring servo motor to rotate.

Claims

1. A system for active adjustment of the angle of a sliding bearing, characterized in that: The invention comprises a detection mechanism (2) for detecting the inclination angle of a sliding bearing (1); the sliding bearing (1) is rotatably connected to a mechanical body; a distance measuring mechanism (3) for detecting the distance between the sliding bearing (1) and the rotor's shaft neck is provided on the sliding bearing (1) in a plane perpendicular to its rotation axis; an actuator (4) for driving the sliding bearing (1) to rotate is provided on the mechanical body; the detection mechanism (2), the distance measuring mechanism (3) and the actuator (4) are all connected to a controller for receiving a signal to calculate the deviation of the inclination angle between the sliding bearing (1) and the rotor and controlling the actuator (4) accordingly to drive the sliding bearing (1) to rotate and eliminate the difference.

2. The system for active adjustment of the sliding bearing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (2) is a gyroscope arranged on the sliding bearing (1).

3. The system for active adjustment of the sliding bearing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance measuring mechanism (3) comprises eddy current sensors arranged at both ends of the sliding bearing (1) facing the rotor.

4. The system for active adjustment of the sliding bearing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actuator (4) comprises an electric telescopic device hinged on the sliding bearing (1).

5. The system for active adjustment of the sliding bearing angle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electric telescopic device comprises a lead screw, a ball nut and a ring servo motor for driving the ball nut to rotate, and the lead screw is hinged on a sliding bearing (1).

6. The system for active adjustment of the sliding bearing angle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electric telescopic device adopts an electric telescopic rod.

7. A method for active adjustment of the angle of a sliding bearing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Calculate and set the target rotor's axial inclination angle θ based on static deflection compensation set , the initial inclination angle θ of the sliding bearing (1) is measured by the detection mechanism (2) real The controller controls the actuator (4) to push the sliding bearing (1) to rotate so that θ set =θ real ; S2. Measure the distance G between the sliding bearing (1) and the two ends of the measuring rotor through the distance measuring mechanism (3) left and G right The controller calculates the inclination angle deviation Δθ between the sliding bearing (1) and the rotor according to the measured distance, and controls the actuator (4) to push the sliding bearing (1) to rotate so that Δθ=0 according to Δθ.

8. The method for active adjustment of the sliding bearing angle according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, Δθ is calculated according to the following formula Where B is the axial distance between the two ends of the rotor journal, ΔG = G left -G right .

9. The method for active adjustment of the sliding bearing angle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The actuator (4) comprises a lead screw, a ball nut and a ring servo motor for driving the ball nut to rotate, and the lead screw is hinged on the sliding bearing (1).

10. The method for active adjustment of the sliding bearing angle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the total number of pulses required by the annular servo motor to eliminate the deviation between the sliding bearing (1) and the rotor inclination angle is: Among them, N T is the total number of pulses required by the annular servo motor, D is the inner diameter of the sliding bearing (1), P is the lead screw pitch, and N is the number of pulses per revolution of the annular servo motor.

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