Method for detecting content of oxyacetyl in water-based adhesive for cigarettes

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cigarette processing, in particular to a method for detecting the content of oxyacetyl in water-based adhesive for cigarettes. The detection method comprises the following steps: drying a to-be-detected water-based adhesive sample for cigarettes, and grinding to obtain powdery dry glue; dissolving the dry glue by using an organic solvent containing an internal standard substance to obtain a detection solution; and determining the content of the oxyacetyl in the dry glue by adopting a nuclear magnetic resonance method, and calculating the content of the oxyacetyl in the water-based adhesive for cigarettes according to the content of the oxyacetyl in the dry glue. According to the method, the content of the oxyacetyl in the water-based adhesive for the cigarettes is simply, quickly and accurately measured through a nuclear magnetic resonance method. The method has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation, high collection speed and accurate quantification, and can meet the requirement of high-efficiency operation of cigarette factories.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cigarette processing, in particular to a method for detecting the content of oxyacetyl groups in water-based adhesive for cigarettes. Background Art

[0002] Cigarette adhesives are a key material in cigarette splicing and packaging, widely used for a variety of applications, including cigarette lap joints, filter tip attachment, small box and carton packaging, and filter rod forming. The amount of adhesive used is relatively low. For example, for a rigid pack cigarette with a cigarette length of 84mm and a filter tip of 24mm, approximately 170g of adhesive is used per 10,000 cigarettes. Despite this low usage, adhesive is an indispensable and important component of cigarette materials, providing sufficient adhesion to ensure that the filter tip does not separate from the cigarette during production, packaging, transportation, and consumer use.

[0003] Adhesion strength is one of the most important properties of water-based adhesives. If the adhesion strength is insufficient, the filter may fall off during cigarette production, transportation, or consumer use, affecting the overall quality of the cigarette and the consumer's experience. The chemical composition of water-based adhesives for cigarettes is the material basis that affects its adhesion performance. Quantitative analysis of the chemical composition of water-based adhesives for cigarettes is important for explaining the differences in adhesion performance between different samples, controlling the quality of purchased materials, and further studying the compatibility between paper and adhesive and their applicability to machines. However, due to the diversity and complexity of the main components of polymers, and the different types and contents of fragments, there is currently no method that can quickly and easily achieve quantitative analysis of the main components in water-based adhesives for cigarettes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve or partially solve the problems existing in the related art, the present invention provides a method for detecting the content of oxyacetyl in water-based adhesive for cigarettes.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for detecting the content of oxyacetyl groups in water-based adhesive for cigarettes. The method comprises: Step a), drying and grinding the water-based adhesive sample to be tested to obtain powdered dry adhesive; Step b), dissolving the dry gel in an organic solvent containing an internal standard to obtain a detection solution; Step c), using nuclear magnetic resonance to determine the content of oxyacetyl groups in the dry glue, and calculating the content of oxyacetyl groups in the water-based glue for cigarette use according to the content of oxyacetyl groups in the dry glue.

[0006] Furthermore, the drying method is: oven drying, vacuum oven drying or freeze drying.

[0007] Furthermore, the organic solvent is deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide, and the internal standard is benzyl benzoate.

[0008] Furthermore, the dissolution is carried out by ultrasonic dissolution; the ultrasonic frequency is 10 to 40 KHz, and the ultrasonic time is 3 hours to 12 hours.

[0009] Furthermore, the concentration of the dry gel in the detection solution is 10 ppm to 10,000 ppm, and the concentration of the internal standard is 10 ppm to 10,000 ppm.

[0010] Furthermore, in step c), the frequency of the nuclear magnetic resonance is set to 300 MHz, 400 MHz, 500 MHz or 600 MHz.

[0011] Furthermore, the step c) includes: performing qualitative and quantitative analysis on the oxyacetyl groups in the test solution using nuclear magnetic resonance; The qualitative analysis is: The presence of oxyacetyl groups is determined by the peaks with chemical shifts between 1.8 and 2.0 PPM. The quantitative analysis is: The benzyl hydrogen in the internal standard is used as the reference hydrogen in the internal standard method content calculation. By obtaining the correction factor and the internal standard content, the content of oxyacetyl in the dry gel is obtained.

[0012] Furthermore, the quantitative analysis is specifically as follows: The quantitative analysis is specifically as follows: Equal molar amounts of vinyl acetate and benzyl benzoate were dissolved in deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain a standard solution, which was subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance testing. The ester methyl hydrogen of vinyl acetate and the benzyl hydrogen of benzyl benzoate were integrated using integration software to obtain the ester methyl hydrogen integrated area and the benzyl hydrogen integrated area, and the correction factor was calculated according to Formula I: =S1 / 3÷S2 / 2Formula I In Formula I, is the correction factor, S1 is the integrated area of ester methyl hydrogen in the NMR test spectrum corresponding to the standard solution, and S2 is the integrated area of benzyl hydrogen in the NMR test spectrum corresponding to the standard solution; The test solution was subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance testing. The benzyl hydrogen of the internal standard benzyl benzoate and the ester methyl hydrogen of vinyl acetate were integrated using integration software to obtain the ester methyl hydrogen area and the benzyl hydrogen area. The content of the oxyacetyl group in the dry gel was calculated according to Formula II: Formula II In formula II, x is the content of oxyacetyl groups in the dry glue, I i is the integrated area of ester methyl hydrogen in the NMR test spectrum corresponding to the test solution; I 内标物is the integrated area of benzyl hydrogen in the NMR test spectrum corresponding to the test solution; n 内标物 is the internal standard concentration, ppm; V is the volume of the test solution, mL; M 内标物 is the molar mass of the internal standard, g / mol; is the correction factor; M i is the molar mass of the oxyacetyl group, which is 59 g / mol; m i is the mass of dry glue, g.

[0013] Furthermore, the correction factor is between 1.0 and 1.35.

[0014] The present invention also provides an application of the above detection method in evaluating the bonding performance of water-based adhesive for cigarettes.

[0015] The method for detecting the content of oxyacetyl groups in water-based adhesive for cigarettes provided by the present invention may have the following beneficial effects: This method uses nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to simply, quickly, and accurately determine the oxyacetyl content in water-based adhesives for cigarettes. This method offers the advantages of ease of operation, rapid data collection, and accurate quantitative analysis, making it suitable for the efficient operations required by cigarette factories. The oxyacetyl content can be used as a quantitative indicator for the principal component analysis of water-based adhesives for cigarettes. This is important for explaining differences in adhesive performance between samples, controlling the quality of purchased materials, and further studying the compatibility between paper and adhesive and their suitability for use in machines.

[0016] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally represent like components throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is the nuclear magnetic resonance test spectrum of the test solution corresponding to the water-based adhesive A for cigarettes in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the nuclear magnetic resonance test spectrum of the test solution corresponding to the water-based adhesive B for cigarettes in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the nuclear magnetic resonance test spectrum of the detection liquid corresponding to the water-based glue C for cigarettes in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The terms used in this invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms "a," "the," and "the" used in this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0021] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used to describe various information in the present invention, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0022] The main polymer component in water-based adhesives for cigarettes has evolved from the earliest polyvinyl acetate polymer emulsions to ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer solutions as the primary matrix, supplemented with a number of other functional additives. In recent years, water-based adhesives for cigarettes doped with other polymer segments, such as acrylic acid and acrylates, have emerged, enriching the product range and improving the adhesive properties of water-based adhesives for cigarettes. Considering that the oxyacetyl group (also known as acetate or ethyl ester group, -OC(=O)-CH3) in the main polymer component accounts for a large proportion by mass and plays a dominant role in adhesive performance, the inventors of this application have determined the oxyacetyl group content in the main polymer component of cigarette water-based adhesives, which can be used as an indicator for quantitative analysis of the main adhesive components of cigarette water-based adhesives.

[0023] Currently, the primary method for detecting oxyacetyl groups is ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, which offers the advantages of high sensitivity and low cost. However, when the inventors applied this method to the detection of oxyacetyl groups in water-based adhesives for cigarettes, they found that the accuracy of the detection results was low, often resulting in results that were biased high or low. Research by the inventors revealed that this may be due to the complex polymer structure of water-based adhesives for cigarettes, resulting in overlapping absorption peaks with those of functional groups similar to oxyacetyl groups. The UV-Vis spectrophotometry method was unable to accurately distinguish these peaks, leading to inaccurate measurement results.

[0024] To improve the accuracy of the test results, the inventors of this application considered using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for analysis and detection. NMR has high chemical selectivity and can distinguish hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms in different environments, thereby specifically identifying and quantifying oxyacetyl groups, thereby accurately determining the content of oxyacetyl groups. Based on the above inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting the content of oxyacetyl groups in water-based adhesives for cigarettes, which comprises: Step a), drying and grinding the water-based adhesive sample to be tested to obtain powdered dry adhesive; Step b), dissolving the dry gel in an organic solvent containing an internal standard to obtain a detection solution; Step c), using nuclear magnetic resonance to determine the content of oxyacetyl groups in the dry glue, and calculating the content of oxyacetyl groups in the water-based glue for cigarette use according to the content of oxyacetyl groups in the dry glue.

[0025] Step a) above involves dehydrating and grinding the water-based adhesive for cigarettes. Drying removes moisture from the water-based adhesive sample, making it suitable for nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. After drying, the components are ground to facilitate the subsequent dissolution step. The drying method in this step is preferably oven drying, vacuum oven drying, or freeze drying. Vacuum drying is more preferred, with the most preferred vacuum drying conditions being a temperature of 100°C for 1 hour. To facilitate subsequent calculation of the oxyacetyl content in the water-based adhesive before drying, the mass of the water-based adhesive before and after drying is preferably recorded in this step.

[0026] Step b) is a step of dissolving the dry glue and adding an internal standard to prepare a detection solution. The internal standard is used to help calibrate the instrument response and quantitative analysis, thereby improving the accuracy and repeatability of the detection. In this step, the organic solvent is preferably deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide, and the internal standard is preferably benzyl benzoate. Deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide has good solubility for the dried water-based glue, and at the same time, they do not produce the same signal as the sample to be tested, reducing background noise and improving the sensitivity of NMR detection. The dissolution process preferably adopts ultrasonic dissolution, and ultrasonic treatment helps to improve the dissolution efficiency and ensure sample uniformity. More preferably, the ultrasonic frequency is 10 to 40 kHz and the ultrasonic time is 3 hours to 12 hours. The concentration of the dry glue in the detection solution is preferably 10ppm to 10000ppm, and the concentration of the internal standard is preferably 10ppm to 10000ppm to ensure the higher sensitivity of NMR detection and suitable signal intensity.

[0027] Step c is a step of determining the content of oxyacetyl groups in the dry glue powder using nuclear magnetic resonance. In this step, the nuclear magnetic resonance frequency is preferably set to 300 MHz, 400 MHz, 500 MHz, or 600 MHz. As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, this step includes the steps of qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing the oxyacetyl groups in the test solution using nuclear magnetic resonance. The qualitative analysis is: The presence of oxyacetyl groups is determined by the peaks with chemical shifts between 1.8 and 2.0 PPM. The quantitative analysis is: The benzyl hydrogen in the internal standard is used as the reference hydrogen in the internal standard method content calculation. By obtaining the correction factor and the internal standard content, the content of oxyacetyl in the dry gel is obtained.

[0028] The specific preferred methods for quantitative analysis are as follows: Equal molar amounts of vinyl acetate and benzyl benzoate were dissolved in deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain a standard solution, which was subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance testing. The ester methyl hydrogen of vinyl acetate and the benzyl hydrogen of benzyl benzoate were integrated using integration software to obtain the ester methyl hydrogen integrated area and the benzyl hydrogen integrated area, and the correction factor was calculated according to Formula I: =S1 / 3÷S2 / 2Formula I In Formula I, is the correction factor, S1 is the integral area of ester methyl hydrogen in the NMR test spectrum corresponding to the standard solution, and S2 is the integral area of benzyl hydrogen in the NMR test spectrum corresponding to the standard solution; correction factor It is preferably between 1.0 and 1.35.

[0029] The test solution was subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance testing. The benzyl hydrogen of the internal standard benzyl benzoate and the ester methyl hydrogen of vinyl acetate were integrated using integration software to obtain the ester methyl hydrogen area and the benzyl hydrogen area. The content of the oxyacetyl group in the dry gel was calculated according to Formula II: Formula II In formula II, x is the content of oxyacetyl groups in the dry glue, I i is the integrated area of ester methyl hydrogen in the NMR test spectrum corresponding to the test solution; I 内标物 is the integrated area of benzyl hydrogen in the NMR test spectrum corresponding to the test solution; n 内标物 is the internal standard concentration, ppm; V is the volume of the test solution, mL; M 内标物 is the molar mass of the internal standard, g / mol; is the correction factor; M i is the molar mass of the oxyacetyl group, which is 59 g / mol; m i is the mass of dry glue, g.

[0030] After obtaining the content of oxyacetyl groups in the dry glue, the content of oxyacetyl groups in the water-based glue for cigarettes before drying can be calculated according to the weight of the water-based glue for cigarettes before and after drying.

[0031] From the above, it can be seen that the method for detecting the content of oxyacetyl groups in water-based adhesives for cigarettes provided by the embodiments of the present invention has the following advantages: The nuclear magnetic resonance method allows for the simple, rapid, and accurate determination of the oxyacetyl group content in water-based adhesives for cigarettes. This method offers the advantages of ease of operation, rapid acquisition (instrument acquisition time is less than 5 minutes), and precise quantitative analysis, making it ideal for the efficient operation requirements of cigarette factories. The oxyacetyl group content can be used as a quantitative indicator for the principal component analysis of water-based adhesives for cigarettes. This is crucial for explaining differences in adhesive performance between samples, controlling the quality of purchased materials, and further studying the compatibility of paper and adhesives and their suitability for use in machines.

[0032] Another embodiment of the present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned detection method in evaluating the bonding properties of water-based adhesives for cigarettes. This detection method can quickly determine the oxyacetyl content in the water-based adhesive for cigarettes. This content can be used as an indicator of the content of its main component, and further as an evaluation indicator of bonding strength. This is important for explaining differences in bonding properties between different samples, controlling the quality of purchased materials, and further studying the compatibility between paper and adhesive and their applicability to machine applications. Specific evaluation methods can be determined based on actual needs, including but not limited to: The preset range of the oxyacetyl content in the water-based adhesive is set according to the standard water-based adhesive sample, and then the above-mentioned detection method is used to detect the oxyacetyl content of the variety to be tested, and compared with the preset range to evaluate whether the bonding strength is qualified.

[0033] The above detection method can be used to detect the content of oxyacetyl groups in different batches of water-based adhesives of the same brand. The quality stability of the water-based adhesive of this brand can be judged based on the difference in the content of oxyacetyl groups in different batches of water-based adhesives.

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments: Example 1 1. Instruments and reagents: Vinyl acetate (purity greater than 98%, J&K Technology Co., Ltd.), deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (Sigma-Aldrich).

[0035] Electronic balance (BP221S from Sartorius, Germany, sensitivity 0.0001 g), vacuum drying oven (Shanghai Lichen Instrument Technology Co., Ltd.), and ultrasonic generator (Kunshan Ultrasonic Instrument Co., Ltd., KQ-800DE).

[0036] 2. Sample processing: Stir and mix the sample of water-based adhesive A for cigarettes thoroughly. Weigh 1.0 g and place it on a glass slide. Dry under vacuum at 100°C for 1 hour. Grind and mix thoroughly. Place 0.5 mg of the sample in an NMR tube and add 1 mL of deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) containing 1000 ppm of benzyl benzoate as an internal standard. Ultrasonicate for 3 hours at 40 kHz to obtain the test solution.

[0037] 3. Sample determination: The NMR spectrometer was Bruker 600M, AVANCE NEO, with a 5 mm liquid probe, a 2 s delay time, a pulse sequence of zg30, and 32 scans.

[0038] First, 0.5 mmol of vinyl acetate and 0.5 mmol of the internal standard benzyl benzoate were dissolved in 1 mL of deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DDMSO) and then subjected to NMR analysis. Integration software was used to integrate the benzyl hydrogens of the internal standard benzyl benzoate and the methyl hydrogens of vinyl acetate. The correction factor was calculated using Equation 1 above to obtain a value of 1.27.

[0039] Next, the prepared test solution was subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance testing, and the nuclear magnetic resonance test spectrum was as follows: Figure 1Using integration software, the benzyl hydrogen of the internal standard benzyl benzoate and the ester methyl hydrogen of vinyl acetate were integrated. Using the above formula II, the mass percentage of oxyacetyl groups in the dried tobacco water-based adhesive A was calculated to be 61.6%. Based on the mass difference before and after drying of the tobacco water-based adhesive A and the dry adhesive percentage, the mass percentage of oxyacetyl groups in the original tobacco water-based adhesive A was calculated to be 31.7%.

[0040] Example 2 The raw materials, equipment and method are the same as those in Example 1, except that the test object is water-based adhesive B for cigarettes, and the NMR test spectrum is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the mass percentage of oxyacetyl groups in the dried water-based adhesive B for cigarettes was detected to be 62.8%, and the mass percentage of oxyacetyl groups in the original water-based adhesive B for cigarettes was 31.4%.

[0041] Example 3 The raw materials, equipment and method are the same as those in Example 1, except that the test object is water-based glue C for cigarettes, and the NMR test spectrum is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the mass percentage of oxyacetyl groups in the dried water-based adhesive C for cigarettes was 55.3%, and the mass percentage of oxyacetyl groups in the original water-based adhesive C for cigarettes was 28.7%.

[0042] Detection limit test The detection limit varies with instrument frequency. Using the 600 MHz NMR spectrometer in Example 1 as an example, a stepwise dilution method was used with a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 as the method detection limit. Studies have shown that the detection limit of the method described in Example 1 is 20 μg / mL.

[0043] Repeatability verification of the method Cigarette water-based glue D was used as the test object. The repeatability of the method was investigated using the method of Example 1 on the same glue sample, the same nuclear magnetic resonance detector, the same measurement conditions and the same concentration. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1 Repeatability test results

[0045] The same dry glue sample was tested six times, and the RSD of the oxyacetyl content was 2.1%, indicating that the method has good repeatability.

[0046] While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are intended to be illustrative, non-exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is selected to best explain the principles of the embodiments, their practical applications, or improvements to existing technologies, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the content of oxyacetyl groups in water-based adhesives for cigarettes, characterized in that: include: Step a), drying and grinding the water-based adhesive sample to be tested to obtain powdered dry adhesive; Step b), dissolving the dry gel in an organic solvent containing an internal standard to obtain a detection solution; Step c), using nuclear magnetic resonance to determine the content of oxyacetyl groups in the dry glue, and calculating the content of oxyacetyl groups in the water-based glue for cigarette use according to the content of oxyacetyl groups in the dry glue.

2. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein The drying method is oven drying, vacuum oven drying or freeze drying.

3. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein The organic solvent is deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide, and the internal standard is benzyl benzoate.

4. The detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that The dissolution is carried out by ultrasonic dissolution; the ultrasonic frequency is 10 to 40 KHz, and the ultrasonic time is 3 hours to 12 hours.

5. The detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that The concentration of the dry gel in the detection solution is 10 ppm to 10,000 ppm, and the concentration of the internal standard is 10 ppm to 10,000 ppm.

6. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step c), the frequency of the nuclear magnetic resonance is set to 300 MHz, 400 MHz, 500 MHz or 600 MHz.

7. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step c) comprises: performing qualitative and quantitative analysis on the oxyacetyl groups in the test solution using nuclear magnetic resonance; The qualitative analysis is: The presence of oxyacetyl groups is determined by the peaks with chemical shifts between 1.8 and 2.0 PPM. The quantitative analysis is: The benzyl hydrogen in the internal standard is used as the reference hydrogen in the internal standard method content calculation. By obtaining the correction factor and the internal standard content, the content of oxyacetyl in the dry gel is obtained.

8. The detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that The quantitative analysis is specifically as follows: Equal molar amounts of vinyl acetate and benzyl benzoate were dissolved in deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain a standard solution, which was subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance testing. The ester methyl hydrogen of vinyl acetate and the benzyl hydrogen of benzyl benzoate were integrated using integration software to obtain the ester methyl hydrogen integrated area and the benzyl hydrogen integrated area, and the correction factor was calculated according to Formula I: =S1 / 3÷S2 / 2 Formula I In Formula I, is the correction factor, S1 is the integrated area of ester methyl hydrogen in the NMR test spectrum corresponding to the standard solution, and S2 is the integrated area of benzyl hydrogen in the NMR test spectrum corresponding to the standard solution; The test solution was subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance testing. The benzyl hydrogen of the internal standard benzyl benzoate and the ester methyl hydrogen of vinyl acetate were integrated using integration software to obtain the ester methyl hydrogen area and the benzyl hydrogen area. The content of the oxyacetyl group in the dry gel was calculated according to Formula II: Formula II In formula II, x is the content of oxyacetyl groups in the dry glue, I i is the integrated area of ester methyl hydrogen in the NMR test spectrum corresponding to the test solution; I 内标物 is the integrated area of benzyl hydrogen in the NMR test spectrum corresponding to the test solution; n 内标物 is the internal standard concentration, ppm; V is the volume of the test solution, mL; M 内标物 is the molar mass of the internal standard, g / mol; is the correction factor; M i is the molar mass of the oxyacetyl group, which is 59 g / mol; m i is the mass of dry glue, g.

9. The detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that The correction factor is between 1.0 and 1.

35.

10. Use of the detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in evaluating the bonding properties of water-based adhesives for cigarettes.

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