Detection and analysis system and method for pulse deflation characteristics of hard tube high-power microwave source

Abstract

A detection and analysis system for pulse deflation characteristics of a hard tube high-power microwave source comprises a high-power pulse power source and a pulse deflation detection system, and the pulse deflation detection system comprises a gas component detection system and a vacuum signal detection and deflation quantity analysis system. The high-power pulse power source feeds single-time or multi-time repetition-frequency GW-level pulse energy into the hard-tube high-power microwave source; the gas component detection system is used for detecting and analyzing gas components of gas discharged by the hard tube high-power microwave source; and the vacuum signal detection and deflation quantity analysis system is used for carrying out vacuum data acquisition on the hard-tube high-power microwave source and calculating the pulse deflation quantity of the high-power microwave source. According to the detection and analysis system and method for the pulse deflation characteristic of the hard tube high-power microwave source, the influence of pulse deflation on vacuum pressure can be captured in real time, the total number of molecules of gas released by pulse deflation can be analyzed, and the gas composition of pulse deflation can be detected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a hard tube high-power microwave source, and in particular to a detection and analysis system and method for pulse degassing characteristics of a hard tube high-power microwave source. Background Art

[0002] A rigid tube high-power microwave source is an electro-vacuum device that generates high-power electromagnetic waves in a clean, ultra-vacuum environment. With the continuous development and innovation of high-power microwave technology in recent years, rigid tube high-power microwave sources can now stably and reliably generate gigawatt-level high-power microwave signals. As the power and repetition rate of high-power microwave sources continue to increase, their applications are also expanding. In the industrial sector, high-power microwaves can be used for food processing, parameter measurement, and wastewater treatment to improve work efficiency. For example, microwaves can be used to heat food and measure non-electrical quantities such as temperature, humidity, and thickness. In the medical field, high-power microwaves can be used for precise tumor treatment, avoiding the damage and side effects of traditional treatments to normal tissues, and for medical waste disposal. In agriculture, microwaves can be used for drying, sintering ceramics, thawing frozen soil, and aging white wine. In the communications and radar fields, high-power microwave signals are used in radar systems to provide higher detection range and accuracy. In communications systems, high-power microwaves are used to improve the stability and distance of signal transmission. In the fields of national defense and scientific research, high-power microwave technology is used to generate high-energy particle accelerators, manufacture high-purity optical fibers, and for electronic equipment attacks on military equipment, electronic countermeasures, and intelligence reconnaissance.

[0003] Although solid-state electronic devices have gradually replaced some vacuum-type devices, they still retain considerable vitality in high-frequency, high-power applications, particularly in high-end equipment manufacturing, electronic countermeasures, medical diagnostics, and military equipment. Commonly used high-power microwave sources, for example, include magnetically insulated wire oscillators, backward-wave tubes, traveling-wave tubes, magnetrons, and klystrons. High-power microwave sources require ultrahigh vacuum pressure for proper output, a necessary operating condition. Pulsed outgassing in high-power microwave sources is a major factor in degrading vacuum pressure. If the vacuum deteriorates to a certain degree, the microwave pulse width will shorten, power will decrease, and even lead to anode and cathode creep, compromising system operation. Therefore, studying the pulsed outgassing characteristics of high-power microwave sources is crucial.

[0004] A rigid tube high-power microwave source generally consists of a diode system, a vacuum-maintaining system, an oscillator system, and an antenna radiation system. The generation of high-power microwaves is accompanied by the release of pulsed outgassing, a physical electronic dynamic behavior. The pulsed outgassing mechanism works as follows: within an ultra-high vacuum environment, the diode system receives and withstands pulsed power energy of hundreds of kV voltage and tens of kA current from its input terminal within a few hundred nanoseconds. The cathode material on the diode system, under the influence of the pulsed power energy, generates an electron beam, while the material simultaneously releases gas, thus forming a pulsed outgassing. The electron beam, interacting with the oscillator system, forms a beam-wave, converting the electron beam energy into electromagnetic wave energy. Finally, the antenna radiation system radiates the electromagnetic wave as microwaves.

[0005] A high-power microwave source is a specialized system that generates microwaves. The microwaves generated are an effective physical method for interfering with, damaging, or disrupting the normal operation of electronic products or equipment. Analyzing the pulsed outgassing characteristics of a high-power microwave source requires connecting the measurement device to the vacuum chamber and subjecting it to the dynamic action of the generated microwaves. Currently, little research has been conducted on the pulsed outgassing characteristics of rigid-tube high-power microwave sources. Typically, high-power microwave platforms are used on the ground, and vacuum pressure is typically maintained using an external, traditional vacuum pump system, rather than independent vacuum maintenance techniques. However, with the continuous improvement in power capabilities and repetition rates of high-power microwaves, their application has shifted from the ground to the surface, sea, and even space. Due to numerous issues such as size, weight, and environmental adaptability, vacuum pump systems are no longer suitable for higher-end applications. Currently, vacuum pump systems have been eliminated in some applications in favor of a newer approach: rigid-tube vacuum maintenance technology. Vacuum maintenance is a complex and important technology, involving research on the outgassing of materials within the vacuum chamber, the amount of outgassing, the composition of the outgassing gas, and sealing. The pulsed outgassing of high-power microwave sources not only induces material outgassing, but also ionizes outgassing, and is the main factor that worsens the vacuum pressure. Therefore, based on such problems, the present invention overcomes the difficulty of electromagnetic compatibility and, in accordance with the research needs of vacuum maintenance, proposes a detection system for analyzing the pulsed outgassing characteristics of rigid tube high-power microwave sources. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a detection and analysis system and method for the pulse degassing characteristics of a hard tube high-power microwave source.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed in the present invention is: a detection and analysis system for the pulse degassing characteristics of a hard tube high-power microwave source, characterized in that: it includes a high-power pulse power source and a pulse degassing detection system, the pulse degassing detection system includes a gas composition detection system and a vacuum signal detection and degassing volume analysis system; the high-power pulse power source feeds single or multiple repetition rate GW-level pulse energy to the hard tube high-power microwave source; the gas composition detection system detects the gas composition of the hard tube high-power microwave source and analyzes the gas composition; the vacuum signal detection and degassing volume analysis system collects vacuum data of the hard tube high-power microwave source and calculates the size of the pulse degassing of the high-power microwave source.

[0008] The above-mentioned detection and analysis system for the pulsed gas discharge characteristics of the hard tube high-power microwave source is preferably such that when the gas is detected, the gas composition detection system uses a charged particle source to ionize the gas molecules to form charged particles, and amplifies them, and separates the charged particles according to the mass-to-charge ratio. Charged particles of different masses deviate under the action of the magnetic field; thereby analyzing the gas component composition according to different mass numbers.

[0009] The above-mentioned detection and analysis system for the pulse degassing characteristics of the hard tube high-power microwave source, preferably, the vacuum signal detection and degassing volume analysis system uses the high-energy electrons emitted by itself to bombard the cathode of the hard tube high-power microwave source to generate electrons, and the electrons are ionized with the gas generated by the pulse, forming a series of electron shocks under the action of the electric field, thereby causing current. According to the real-time detection of the current size and the vacuum pressure, the detection results are finally integrated to complete the calculation of the degassing volume.

[0010] The above-mentioned hard tube high power microwave source pulse degassing characteristic detection and analysis system, preferably, the total degassing number calculation formula of the vacuum signal detection and degassing amount analysis system is: ; P t (Pa) is the real-time vacuum pressure value; P b (Pa) is the background pressure value; Se is the effective pumping speed of the system; k is the Boltzmann constant; T is the equilibrium temperature in the vacuum chamber.

[0011] A method for detecting and analyzing the pulse degassing characteristics of a hard tube high-power microwave source comprises the following steps: 1) The pulse outgassing detection system is installed on the pulse outgassing detection window of the hard tube high power microwave source through an interface and is sealed; 2) Vacuum the hard tube high power microwave source and maintain the vacuum cavity pressure at 10 -3 Pa magnitude; 3) The gas composition detection system of the pulse outgassing detection system detects and analyzes the hard tube high-power microwave source in a static state; 4) After the high-power pulse power source feeds single or multiple repetition rate GW-level pulse energy into the hard tube high-power microwave source, the gas composition detection system of the pulse outgassing detection system is used to detect and analyze the pulse outgassing generated by the hard tube high-power microwave source; 5) The vacuum signal detection and outgassing volume analysis system analyzes and calculates the amount of pulse outgassing in the hard tube high power microwave source after the high power pulse power source feeds single or multiple repetition rate GW-level pulse energy into the hard tube high power microwave source; I Vacuum signal detection and outgassing analysis system uses high-energy electrons emitted by itself to bombard the cathode of the hard tube high-power microwave source to generate electrons; II electrons ionize the gas generated by the pulse, forming a series of electron impacts under the action of the electric field, which leads to current. According to the current and vacuum pressure measured by the vacuum signal detection and gas release analysis system, the detection results are integrated to complete the calculation of gas release; the calculation formula is: total gas release number ; P t (Pa) is the real-time vacuum pressure value; P b (Pa) is the background pressure value; Se is the effective pumping speed of the system 150L / s; k is the Boltzmann constant, which is 1.38×10 -23 J / K; T is the equilibrium temperature in the vacuum chamber = 300 K; 6) Comparing the outgas compositions of the hard tube high-power microwave source obtained in step 3) and step 4) at rest and after emitting a pulse, the outgas compositions after a single pulse emission and the outgas compositions after multiple pulse emissions are obtained.

[0012] The above-mentioned method for detecting and analyzing the pulse outgassing characteristics of the hard tube high-power microwave source, preferably, the gas composition detection system of the pulse outgassing detection system performs the method for detecting and analyzing the hard tube high-power microwave source, comprising the following steps: ① When the gas is detected, the gas composition detection system uses a charged particle source to ionize the gas molecules to form charged particles, which are then amplified; ② Charged particles are separated according to their mass-to-charge ratio. Charged particles of different masses deviate under the action of the magnetic field; thus, the gas composition is analyzed according to different mass numbers.

[0013] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are: The detection and analysis system and method of the pulse degassing characteristics of the hard tube high-power microwave source of the present invention can capture the influence of pulse degassing on the vacuum pressure in real time, analyze the total number of gas molecules released by pulse degassing, detect the composition of the pulse degassing gas, etc. The detected data can provide certain data support and experimental reference for the vacuum pressure threshold required for the normal output of the microwave source, the hard tube structure design, and the vacuum maintenance scheme. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the composition of the detection and analysis system for the pulsed outgassing characteristics of the hard tube high-power microwave source in Example 1.

[0015] Figure 2 This is an experimental diagram of the pulse degassing characteristics of the hard tube high-power microwave source in Example 1.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the background vacuum pressure of the vacuum cavity of the high-power microwave source under static conditions in Example 1.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the gas composition detection results of a high-power microwave source under static conditions in Example 1.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the gas composition detection results under single pulse outgassing of a high-power microwave source in Example 1.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the gas composition detection results under five 10 Hz pulse outgassings from a high-power microwave source in Example 1.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the vacuum pressure results under single pulse outgassing of a high-power microwave source in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the vacuum pressure results of Example 1 under five 10 Hz pulse outgassing of a high-power microwave source.

[0022] Figure 9 This is a graph showing the gas release results under a single pulse gas release from a high-power microwave source in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 10 This is a graph showing the gas release results under five 10 Hz pulses of a high-power microwave source in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the gas composition fitting results under static and single dynamic conditions of a high-power microwave source in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the gas composition fitting results under static and repetition rate dynamic conditions of the high-power microwave source in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and meticulously below in conjunction with preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0027] It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed, fixed, connected or communicated with" another element, it can be directly fixed, fixed, connected or communicated with the other element, or it can be indirectly fixed, fixed, connected or communicated with the other element through other intermediate connectors.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0029] The present embodiment provides a detection and analysis system for pulse outgassing characteristics of a hard tube high-power microwave source, comprising a high-power pulse power source and a pulse outgassing detection system; Figure 1 As shown, the pulse deflation detection system includes a gas composition detection system and a vacuum signal detection and deflation volume analysis system.

[0030] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG2 , a high-power pulse power source feeds single or multiple repetition-rate GW-level pulse energy to a hard tube high-power microwave source; a gas composition detection system detects and analyzes the gas composition of gas released by the hard tube high-power microwave source; and a vacuum signal detection and gas release volume analysis system collects vacuum data of the hard tube high-power microwave source and calculates the size of the pulse gas release volume of the high-power microwave source.

[0031] In this embodiment, when the gas is detected, the gas composition detection system uses a charged particle source to ionize the gas molecules to form charged particles, and amplify them. The charged particles are separated according to the mass-to-charge ratio, and charged particles of different masses deviate under the action of the magnetic field; thus, the gas composition is analyzed according to the different mass numbers. The vacuum signal detection and outgassing analysis system uses the high-energy electrons emitted by itself to bombard the cathode of the hard tube high-power microwave source to generate electrons. The electrons and the gas generated by the pulse are ionized, and a series of electron shocks are formed under the action of the electric field, resulting in current. According to the magnitude of the current and the real-time detection of the vacuum pressure, the detection results are finally integrated to complete the calculation of the outgassing amount. The total outgassing number calculation formula of the vacuum signal detection and outgassing analysis system is: ; P t (Pa) is the real-time vacuum pressure value; P b(Pa) is the background pressure value; Se is the effective pumping speed of the system, which is 150 L / s. Specifically, in this embodiment, it is the pumping speed of the vacuum pump group; k is the Boltzmann constant, which is 1.38×10 - 23 J / K; T is the equilibrium temperature in the vacuum chamber, which is 300 K.

[0032] This embodiment also provides a method for detecting and analyzing the pulsed outgassing characteristics of a rigid tube high-power microwave source, comprising the following steps: 1) The pulse outgassing detection system is installed on the pulse outgassing detection window of the rigid tube high-power microwave source through an interface and is sealed; in this embodiment, the interface is a CF35 interface.

[0033] 2) Use the vacuum pump group to vacuum the hard tube high power microwave source and maintain the vacuum cavity pressure at 10 - 3 Pa level.

[0034] 3) The gas composition detection system of the pulse outgassing detection system detects and analyzes the hard tube high-power microwave source in a static state, specifically including the following steps: ① When the gas is detected, the gas composition detection system uses a charged particle source to ionize the gas molecules to form charged particles, which are then amplified; ② Charged particles are separated according to their mass-to-charge ratio. Charged particles of different masses deviate under the action of the magnetic field; thus, the gas composition is analyzed according to different mass numbers.

[0035] In this embodiment, the detection results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown; According to the results, based on the molecular relative mass numbers of 1, 18, 28, 39.95, and 44, it can be analyzed that the main components of the gas contained in the static hard tube high-power microwave source are H, H2O, N2 / CO, Ar and a small amount of CO2.

[0036] Under static conditions, there is no outgassing in the hard tube high power microwave source. In order to verify, in this embodiment, in step 3), the vacuum signal detection and outgassing analysis system is started to obtain the detection results as follows: Figure 3 As shown in the results, it can be seen that the background vacuum pressure of the hard tube high power microwave source is 3.2*10 -4 Pa, since the vacuum pressure does not change suddenly at the corresponding time, the integral of the vacuum pressure over time is zero, so there is no pulse deflation.

[0037] 4) After the high-power pulse power source feeds single or multiple repetition rate GW-level pulse energy into the hard tube high-power microwave source, the gas composition detection system of the pulse outgassing detection system is used to detect and analyze the pulse outgassing generated by the hard tube high-power microwave source.

[0038] In this embodiment, after the high-power pulse power source feeds a single GW-level pulse energy into the hard tube high-power microwave source, the frequency of the single pulse is 10 Hz. The detection results obtained by the gas composition detection system are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, according to the molecular relative mass numbers of 2, 18, 28, and 44, it can be analyzed that the main components of the hard tube high-power microwave source under a single pulse are H2, H2O, N2 / CO, and CO2.

[0039] In this embodiment, the high-power pulse power source feeds multiple GW-level pulse energy to the hard tube high-power microwave source, which is five 10 Hz pulses in this embodiment; the detection results obtained by the gas composition detection system are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, according to the molecular relative mass numbers of 2, 18, 28, and 44, it can be analyzed that the main components of the hard tube high-power microwave source under a single pulse are H2, H2O, N2 / CO, and CO2.

[0040] 5) The vacuum signal detection and outgassing volume analysis system analyzes and calculates the amount of pulse outgassing in the hard tube high power microwave source after the high power pulse power source feeds single or multiple repetition rate GW-level pulse energy into the hard tube high power microwave source. The specific method includes the following steps: I Vacuum signal detection and outgassing analysis system uses high-energy electrons emitted by itself to bombard the cathode of the hard tube high-power microwave source to generate electrons; II electrons ionize the gas generated by the pulse, forming a series of electron impacts under the action of the electric field, which leads to current. According to the current and vacuum pressure measured by the vacuum signal detection and gas release analysis system, the detection results are integrated to complete the calculation of gas release; the calculation formula is: total gas release number ; P t (Pa) is the real-time vacuum pressure value; P b (Pa) is the background pressure value; Se is the effective pumping speed of the system 150L / s; k is the Boltzmann constant, which is 1.38×10 -23 J / K; T is the equilibrium temperature in the vacuum chamber = 300 K.

[0041] In this embodiment, after the high-power pulse power source feeds a single GW-level pulse energy into the hard tube high-power microwave source, the detection results obtained by the vacuum signal detection and degassing analysis system are as follows: Figure 7As shown in the figure, the background vacuum pressure of the hard tube high power microwave source is 3.17E-4Pa. After a single pulse, the vacuum pressure rises to 2.85E-2Pa. The vacuum pressure before and after the pulse experiment differs by two orders of magnitude. Under the vacuum maintenance effect, the vacuum pressure returns to equilibrium in 200ms, and the equilibrium vacuum pressure is 1.92E-3Pa. According to the total degassing number formula (P t (Pa) is the vacuum pressure value corresponding to different moments; P b (Pa) is the background pressure value; Se is the effective pumping speed of the system, 150 L / s; k is the Boltzmann constant, which is 1.38×10 -23 J / K; T is the equilibrium temperature in the vacuum chamber = 300 K. ), the total number of outgassings after a single pulse can be deduced N p About 1.4×10 20 , the results are as follows Figure 9 shown.

[0042] In this embodiment, the high-power pulse power source feeds multiple GW-level pulse energy to the hard tube high-power microwave source, which is 5 10 Hz in this embodiment; the detection results obtained by the pulse vacuum signal detection and degassing amount analysis system are as follows: Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the background vacuum pressure of the hard tube high power microwave source is 3.15E-4Pa. From the first pulse to the fifth pulse, the vacuum pressure is 1.12E-2Pa, 9.05E-3Pa, 1.27E-2Pa, 1.80E-2Pa, and 1.95E-2Pa respectively. Under the vacuum maintenance effect, the vacuum pressure returns to equilibrium in 315ms, and the equilibrium vacuum pressure is 3.72E-3 Pa. According to the total degassing number formula (P t (Pa) is the vacuum pressure value corresponding to different moments; P b (Pa) is the background pressure value; Se is the effective pumping speed of the system, 150 L / s; k is the Boltzmann constant, which is 1.38×10 -23 J / K; T is the equilibrium temperature in the vacuum chamber = 300 K. ), the total number of outgassing after 5 pulses can be deduced N p About 2.1×10 20 , the results are as follows Figure 10 shown.

[0043] 6) Comparing the outgas compositions of the hard tube high-power microwave source obtained in step 3) and step 4) at rest and after emitting a pulse, the outgas compositions after a single pulse emission and the outgas compositions after multiple pulse emissions are obtained.

[0044] In this embodiment, the test results detected in static state and the test results detected in dynamic state are used to perform data fitting, and the fitting results are as follows: Figure 11 、 Figure 12 As shown. Figure 11 From the fitting results, we can see that the composition of H2O remains unchanged in both static and single dynamic conditions, but the composition of H2, CO / N2, and CO2 in single dynamic conditions is much higher than that in static conditions. Therefore, it can be concluded that the composition of the outgassing gas in a single pulse is H2, CO / N2, and CO2. Figure 11 The fitting results show that the H2O composition remains constant in both static and repetitive dynamic states, but the H2, CO / N2, and CO2 compositions in the repetitive dynamic state are an order of magnitude higher than in the static state. This comprehensive analysis confirms that the primary components of the pulsed outgassing gas are H2, CO / N2, and CO2.

[0045] The detection and analysis system and method for the pulsed outgassing characteristics of a hard-tube high-power microwave source of this embodiment can capture the impact of pulsed outgassing on vacuum pressure in real time, analyze the total number of gas molecules released by pulsed outgassing, and detect the composition of the pulsed outgassing gas. The detected data can provide certain data support and experimental reference for the vacuum pressure threshold required for the normal output of the microwave source, the hard-tube structure design, and the vacuum maintenance scheme.

Claims

1. A detection and analysis system for the pulsed outgassing characteristics of a rigid tube high-power microwave source, characterized by: It includes a high-power pulse power source and a pulse outgassing detection system, wherein the pulse outgassing detection system includes a gas composition detection system and a vacuum signal detection and outgassing volume analysis system; The high-power pulse power source feeds single or multiple repetition rate GW-level pulse energy to the hard tube high-power microwave source; the gas composition detection system detects the gas composition of the hard tube high-power microwave source and analyzes the gas composition; the vacuum signal detection and gas release analysis system collects vacuum data of the hard tube high-power microwave source and calculates the size of the pulse gas release of the high-power microwave source.

2. The detection and analysis system for pulsed gas discharge characteristics of a rigid tube high-power microwave source according to claim 1 is characterized by: When the gas is detected, the gas composition detection system uses a charged particle source to ionize the gas molecules to form charged particles, and then amplifies them. The charged particles are separated according to the mass-to-charge ratio. Charged particles of different masses deviate under the action of the magnetic field; thus, the gas composition is analyzed according to the different mass numbers.

3. The detection and analysis system for pulsed gas discharge characteristics of a rigid tube high-power microwave source according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vacuum signal detection and outgassing analysis system uses the high-energy electrons emitted by itself to bombard the cathode of a hard tube high-power microwave source, thereby generating electrons. The electrons ionize the gas generated by the pulse, forming a series of electron impacts under the action of the electric field, thereby causing current. Based on the real-time detection of the current size and vacuum pressure, the detection results are finally integrated to complete the calculation of the outgassing volume.

4. The detection and analysis system for pulsed gas discharge characteristics of a rigid tube high-power microwave source according to claim 3 is characterized by: The total deflation number calculation formula of the vacuum signal detection and deflation volume analysis system is: ; P t is the real-time vacuum pressure value; P b is the background pressure value; S e is the effective pumping speed of the system; k is the Boltzmann constant; T is the equilibrium temperature in the vacuum chamber.

5. A method for detecting and analyzing the pulsed outgassing characteristics of a rigid tube high-power microwave source, characterized by: The following steps are included: 1) The pulse outgassing detection system is installed on the pulse outgassing detection window of the hard tube high power microwave source through an interface and is sealed; 2) Vacuum the hard tube high power microwave source and maintain the vacuum cavity pressure at 10 -3 Pa magnitude; 3) The gas composition detection system of the pulse outgassing detection system detects and analyzes the hard tube high-power microwave source in a static state; 4) After the high-power pulse power source feeds single or multiple repetition rate GW-level pulse energy into the hard tube high-power microwave source, the gas composition detection system of the pulse outgassing detection system is used to detect and analyze the pulse outgassing generated by the hard tube high-power microwave source; 5) The vacuum signal detection and outgassing volume analysis system analyzes and calculates the amount of pulse outgassing in the hard tube high power microwave source after the high power pulse power source feeds single or multiple repetition rate GW-level pulse energy into the hard tube high power microwave source; I Vacuum signal detection and outgassing analysis system uses high-energy electrons emitted by itself to bombard the cathode of the hard tube high-power microwave source to generate electrons; II electrons ionize the gas generated by the pulse, forming a series of electron impacts under the action of the electric field, which leads to current. According to the current and vacuum pressure measured by the vacuum signal detection and gas release analysis system, the detection results are integrated to complete the calculation of gas release; the calculation formula is: total gas release number ; P t is the real-time vacuum pressure value; P b is the background pressure value; Se is the effective pumping speed of the system, 150 L / s; k is the Boltzmann constant, which is 1.38×10 -23 J / K; T is the equilibrium temperature in the vacuum chamber = 300 K; 6) Comparing the outgas compositions of the hard tube high-power microwave source obtained in step 3) and step 4) at rest and after emitting a pulse, the outgas compositions after a single pulse emission and the outgas compositions after multiple pulse emissions are obtained.

6. The method for detecting and analyzing the pulsed outgassing characteristics of a rigid tube high-power microwave source according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas composition detection system of the pulse outgassing detection system performs a detection and analysis method on a hard tube high-power microwave source, comprising the following steps: ① When the gas is detected, the gas composition detection system uses a charged particle source to ionize the gas molecules to form charged particles, which are then amplified; ② Charged particles are separated according to their mass-to-charge ratio. Charged particles of different masses deviate under the action of the magnetic field; thus, the gas composition is analyzed according to different mass numbers.

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