Method and system for evaluating fire extinguishing performance of perfluorohexanone material

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and system for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material, and belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing performance evaluation.The method comprises the steps that physical and chemical parameters of a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent are obtained, and a fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetic model is constructed; the fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetic model describes the relationship among the fire extinguishing agent concentration, the flame free radical concentration and the fire extinguishing reaction rate; according to the diffusion characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire scene environment, a fire extinguishing agent diffusion model is established, and the fire extinguishing agent diffusion model describes the relation that the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent changes along with time and space; and a fire extinguishing agent spraying optimization model is constructed, the shortest fire extinguishing time and the minimum fire extinguishing agent consumption are set as optimization targets to construct a target function, and an optimal fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy is output. The method overcomes the problem that a traditional model neglects regional difference. And meanwhile, the spraying accuracy of the fire extinguishing agent is improved, the execution efficiency of a fire extinguishing strategy is optimized, the fire extinguishing effect is remarkably improved, and the fire extinguishing cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing performance evaluation, and in particular to a method and system for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material. Background Art

[0002] In modern fire fighting, the selection and release strategy of fire extinguishing agents are crucial to controlling fires and reducing losses. Perfluorohexanone (C6F12O) is a new type of fire extinguishing agent that is widely used in electrical fires, oil fires and other difficult-to-extinguish fire sources. The characteristics of perfluorohexanone include low toxicity, excellent chemical stability and high fire extinguishing effect. Its mechanism of action mainly achieves fire extinguishing by inhibiting flame free radical reactions and absorbing the heat released by combustion. Compared with traditional fire extinguishing agents, perfluorohexanone has higher fire extinguishing efficiency, especially in high temperature and low oxygen environments. However, how to effectively evaluate its fire extinguishing performance in actual fire environments and optimize the fire extinguishing agent release strategy remains a key issue that needs to be solved in fire extinguishing technology.

[0003] Currently, common fire extinguishing agent evaluation methods mainly rely on empirical formulas or simplified calculation models based on experimental data. These methods often ignore the diffusion characteristics of fire extinguishing agents in complex fire environments and their complex reaction mechanisms with flame free radicals. Most traditional fire extinguishing agent diffusion models assume that the fire extinguishing agent diffuses evenly in the fire scene and fail to consider the different characteristics of different areas in the fire scene (combustion zone, cooling zone and far field zone). This leads to large errors in the existing technology when evaluating the effectiveness of fire extinguishing agents, and it is unable to truly reflect the effect of fire extinguishing agents in actual fire scenarios, thereby affecting the rationality and effectiveness of fire extinguishing strategies.

[0004] Furthermore, existing methods for optimizing fire extinguishing agent release often rely on empirically determined release rates and timing, lacking precise optimization of release rate, angle, and time. Traditional methods are unable to respond in real time to complex environmental changes at a fire scene (such as wind speed, temperature, and humidity), leading to inaccurate release rates and, in turn, waste or ineffective fire extinguishing effects. Fire extinguishing agent release strategies are particularly crucial when the fire source is large or the fire environment is complex, but existing technologies lack an optimization solution that can simultaneously balance extinguishing time and agent consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, a fire extinguishing performance evaluation method for perfluorohexanone materials is proposed, including obtaining the physicochemical parameters of perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, constructing a fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetic model, and describing the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent concentration, flame free radical concentration, and fire extinguishing reaction rate; establishing a fire extinguishing agent diffusion model based on the diffusion characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent in a fire environment, and describing the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent concentration and time and space; constructing a fire extinguishing agent spraying optimization model, setting the shortest fire extinguishing time and the minimum fire extinguishing agent consumption as optimization goals to construct an objective function, and outputting the optimal fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material described in the present invention, the method comprises: constructing a fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetic model, setting an initial concentration of a fire extinguishing agent and extracting a first rate constant for the fire extinguishing agent's inhibitory effect on flame free radicals; setting a time-varying variable of the fire extinguishing agent concentration, and calculating the unit time consumption rate of the fire extinguishing agent based on the initial concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, the first rate constant, and the reaction rate of the fire extinguishing agent with flame free radicals; establishing a functional expression for the change of the fire extinguishing agent concentration over time based on the unit time consumption rate of the fire extinguishing agent, and calculating the change of the fire extinguishing agent concentration over time; setting an initial concentration of flame free radicals and extracting a second rate constant for the fire extinguishing agent's inhibitory effect on flame free radicals; calculating the unit time elimination rate of flame free radicals based on the change of the fire extinguishing agent concentration over time, combined with the initial concentration of the flame free radicals and the second rate constant; and establishing a functional expression for the change of the flame free radical concentration over time using the unit time elimination rate of the flame free radicals, and calculating the change of the flame free radical concentration over time.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material described in the present invention, the method further comprises: setting calculation variables of the fire extinguishing agent concentration, the flame free radical concentration, and the fire extinguishing reaction rate, and extracting the fire extinguishing reaction rate constant; calculating the change of the fire extinguishing reaction rate over time based on the change of the fire extinguishing agent concentration and the change of the flame free radical concentration over time; using the change of the fire extinguishing reaction rate over time, establishing a functional expression of the fire extinguishing reaction rate and the fire extinguishing time, and calculating the fire extinguishing time when the fire extinguishing reaction rate tends to a stable state; setting the heat absorption capacity of the fire extinguishing agent, the total heat released by combustion, and the distribution variables of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing area; based on the fire extinguishing time when the fire extinguishing reaction rate tends to a stable state, combining the heat absorption capacity of the fire extinguishing agent and the fire extinguishing time constant, the fire extinguishing reaction rate is calculated. The total heat absorbed by the fire extinguishing agent during the fire extinguishing process is calculated based on the fire absorption capacity, the total heat released by combustion and the volume of the fire extinguishing area; the heat absorbed by the fire extinguishing agent is used to establish a calculation formula for the minimum effective concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, and the minimum concentration of the fire extinguishing agent that meets the flame extinction condition is calculated; the judgment variable for the minimum effective concentration of the fire extinguishing agent is set, and the threshold for the complete elimination of flame free radicals is set; based on the minimum concentration of the fire extinguishing agent that meets the flame extinction condition and the threshold for the complete elimination of flame free radicals, the time required for the flame free radical concentration to decrease to the elimination threshold is calculated; based on the flame free radical elimination time and the minimum effective concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, a function expression of the fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy and the shortest fire extinguishing time is established to calculate the shortest fire extinguishing time; the shortest fire extinguishing time and the fire extinguishing agent concentration and flame free radical concentration corresponding to the fire extinguishing time are output.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material described in the present invention, the method further comprises: establishing a fire extinguishing agent diffusion model, dividing the fire scene into a combustion zone, a cooling zone, and a far-field zone according to the physical structure of the fire scene and the flame propagation conditions; establishing diffusion calculation equations for different areas of the fire scene according to the diffusion characteristics of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the flame environment; and using an improved Fick diffusion equation to calculate the spatial distribution of the fire extinguishing agent in the entire fire scene, outputting the concentration distribution of the fire extinguishing agent in the combustion zone, the cooling zone, and the far-field zone, and forming a spatial distribution diagram of the fire extinguishing agent concentration changing over time.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material described in the present invention, the method further comprises establishing diffusion calculation equations in different areas of the fire scene, including determining the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the combustion zone by calculating the concentration change of the fire extinguishing agent in the combustion zone based on the change of the fire extinguishing agent concentration over time, combining the fire extinguishing agent spraying rate and reaction rate, and using a turbulent diffusion model; calculating the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the cooling zone based on the fire extinguishing agent concentration corresponding to the shortest fire extinguishing time and the heat absorption capacity of the fire extinguishing agent, combining the process of the fire extinguishing agent absorbing heat and reducing the flame temperature, and using a laminar diffusion model; and calculating the diffusion rate of the fire extinguishing agent based on the wind speed, ambient temperature, and air humidity of the fire scene.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material described in the present invention, the improved Fick diffusion equation includes: in the combustion zone, setting a turbulent diffusion coefficient related to the turbulence intensity in the flame area, the turbulent diffusion coefficient is calculated based on the turbulence intensity of the fire scene, and describes the concentration change of the fire extinguishing agent in the combustion zone; in the cooling zone, considering the thermal convection effect, introducing a convection term, and describing the influence of thermal convection in the fire scene on the concentration distribution of the fire extinguishing agent; in the cooling zone, setting a temperature-related diffusion coefficient, considering the influence of the fire scene temperature change on the diffusion rate of the fire extinguishing agent, and adjusting the diffusion behavior of the fire extinguishing agent in combination with the heat absorption characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material described in the present invention, the construction of the fire extinguishing agent spraying optimization model includes setting a time constraint based on the shortest fire extinguishing time; setting a concentration constraint based on the flame free radical concentration; setting a fire extinguishing agent concentration constraint for each area based on the concentration distribution of the fire extinguishing agent in the combustion zone, cooling zone and far field zone; and solving the optimization objective function to calculate the optimal spraying amount, spraying rate, spraying angle and spraying time.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing performance evaluation system for perfluorohexanone materials. The present invention solves the problem that traditional fire extinguishing agent evaluation methods often rely on empirical formulas or simplified models, ignoring the complexity of the fire environment and the dynamic changes of the fire extinguishing agent, resulting in deviations in the evaluation results. The existing fire extinguishing agent diffusion model assumes that the fire extinguishing agent diffuses evenly in the fire scene, and fails to fully consider the characteristic differences between different areas in the fire scene, resulting in inaccurate concentration distribution of the fire extinguishing agent in each area, affecting the fire extinguishing effect. In addition, the traditional spraying strategy optimization is based only on experience and cannot adjust the spraying volume and injection method in real time according to environmental changes, resulting in waste of fire extinguishing agent or insufficient fire extinguishing effect, and failing to achieve the optimal balance between fire extinguishing time and consumption.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the fire extinguishing performance evaluation system of a perfluorohexanone material described in the present invention, it is characterized by including: a reaction dynamics module, which is used to obtain the physical and chemical parameters of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent and construct a fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetics model, wherein the fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetics model describes the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent concentration, the flame free radical concentration and the fire extinguishing reaction rate; a diffusion analysis module, which is used to establish a fire extinguishing agent diffusion model based on the diffusion characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire environment, wherein the fire extinguishing agent diffusion model describes the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent concentration and the time and space changes; and a spraying optimization module, which is used to construct a fire extinguishing agent spraying optimization model, set the shortest fire extinguishing time and the minimum fire extinguishing agent consumption as optimization goals to construct an objective function, and output the optimal fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy.

[0014] A computer device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program and the processor implements the steps of a method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material when executing the computer program.

[0015] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention include: By precisely simulating the diffusion of fire extinguishing agents across different fire zones, the accuracy of fire extinguishing agent concentration calculations is effectively improved, overcoming the problem of traditional models ignoring regional differences. Furthermore, the fire extinguishing agent release strategy is optimized, targeting the shortest fire extinguishing time and minimum fire extinguishing agent consumption. The release rate is dynamically adjusted based on changes in the fire scene environment, reducing fire extinguishing agent waste. Compared to traditional empirical methods, this invention improves the accuracy of fire extinguishing agent release, optimizes the execution efficiency of fire extinguishing strategies, significantly enhances fire extinguishing effectiveness, and reduces fire extinguishing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall flow chart of a method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of perfluorohexanone material provided by one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a spatial-temporal distribution diagram of the fire extinguishing agent concentration of a method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of perfluorohexanone material provided by one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material, in which the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent and the free radicals change over time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1, with reference to Figure 1-Figure 3, which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material, comprising:

[0023] Step 1: Obtain the physicochemical parameters of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent and construct a fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetic model, wherein the fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetic model describes the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent concentration, the flame free radical concentration, and the fire extinguishing reaction rate;

[0024] Step 2: Based on the diffusion characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire environment, a fire extinguishing agent diffusion model is established, wherein the fire extinguishing agent diffusion model describes the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent concentration and time and space changes;

[0025] Step 3: Construct a fire extinguishing agent spraying optimization model, set the shortest fire extinguishing time and the minimum fire extinguishing agent consumption as the optimization goals to construct the objective function, and output the optimal fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy.

[0026] Step 1.1: Set the initial concentration of the fire extinguishing agent and extract the first rate constant of the fire extinguishing agent's inhibitory effect on flame free radicals; set the time-varying variable of the fire extinguishing agent concentration and calculate the unit time consumption rate of the fire extinguishing agent based on the initial concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, the first rate constant, and the reaction rate of the fire extinguishing agent with flame free radicals; establish a functional expression for the change of the fire extinguishing agent concentration over time based on the unit time consumption rate of the fire extinguishing agent and calculate the change of the fire extinguishing agent concentration over time;

[0027] It should be noted that perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agents react with flame free radicals through chemical inhibition during the fire extinguishing process, gradually reducing the free radical concentration and ultimately extinguishing the fire. The rate of flame free radical elimination is affected by the extinguishing agent concentration, the initial concentration of flame free radicals, and the rate at which the extinguishing agent inhibits free radicals.

[0028] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, first, the initial concentration of the fire extinguishing agent is set, and the first rate constant of the fire extinguishing agent's inhibitory effect on flame free radicals is extracted;

[0029] The initial concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing area is recorded as C0, that is:

[0030] C(0)=C0

[0031] Where C0 is the initial concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, which means the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent when it is just sprayed into the fire extinguishing area. Its calculation method is:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, M FK-5-1-12 is the mass of the fire extinguishing agent, which is determined by the discharge volume of the fire extinguishing agent discharge system; V effIt represents the effective diffusion volume of the fire extinguishing agent. This value is determined by the diffusion range of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing area and can be obtained through experimental measurement or fluid dynamics calculation.

[0034] The rate of consumption of the extinguishing agent per unit time is determined by the chemical reaction between the extinguishing agent and the flame free radicals. The reaction rate of the extinguishing agent with the flame free radicals depends on the first rate constant k1 of the extinguishing agent.

[0035] The first rate constant of the fire extinguishing agent on flame free radicals represents the reaction rate of the fire extinguishing agent with flame free radicals and determines the speed of fire extinguishing agent consumption. This constant can be obtained through experimental fitting or database query. Specific methods include:

[0036] In an experimental environment with known extinguishing agent concentration C(t) and flame radical concentration R(t), the change in extinguishing agent concentration is monitored and the value of dC / dt is recorded. K1 is determined by curve fitting to satisfy the experimental data, and the actual inhibition rate of the extinguishing agent on flame radicals is obtained.

[0037] Secondly, the time-varying variable of the fire extinguishing agent concentration is set, and the unit time consumption rate of the fire extinguishing agent is calculated based on the initial concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, the first rate constant and the reaction rate of the fire extinguishing agent with flame radicals.

[0038] The concentration of the fire extinguishing agent changes with time. The consumption rate of the fire extinguishing agent is described by the chemical reaction kinetics, and its consumption rate can be expressed by the following equation:

[0039]

[0040] in, represents the consumption rate of the extinguishing agent per unit time, that is, the rate of decrease of the extinguishing agent at time t; C(t) represents the instantaneous concentration of the extinguishing agent in the extinguishing area, which represents the concentration of the extinguishing agent at any time point t; R(t) represents the instantaneous concentration of flame radicals in the extinguishing area, which represents the concentration of flame radicals at any time point t.

[0041] The above formula shows that the consumption rate of the fire extinguishing agent is proportional to the concentration C(t) of the fire extinguishing agent itself and the concentration R(t) of the flame free radicals, that is, when the fire extinguishing agent concentration C(t) is high, the fire extinguishing agent consumption rate is fast; when the flame free radical concentration R(t) is high, the fire extinguishing agent consumption rate is fast.

[0042] Finally, by using the unit time consumption rate of the fire extinguishing agent, a function expression of the fire extinguishing agent concentration changing with time is established to calculate the change of the fire extinguishing agent concentration with time.

[0043] Extinguishing agent consumption rate per unit time It reflects the instantaneous change of the fire extinguishing agent concentration. To obtain the specific expression of the fire extinguishing agent concentration over time, it is necessary to solve the above equation.

[0044] Using separation of variables:

[0045]

[0046] Integrating the above formula yields:

[0047]

[0048] Perform exponential operation to obtain the function expression of the concentration of fire extinguishing agent changing with time:

[0049]

[0050] in, represents the cumulative effect of flame radicals in the time interval [0, t].

[0051] This formula shows that the extinguishing agent concentration C(t) decays exponentially, and the decay rate depends on the flame radical concentration R(t) and the first rate constant k1 of the extinguishing agent; when the flame radical concentration R(t) is high, the extinguishing agent is consumed faster and the fire extinguishing time is shorter; when the initial extinguishing agent concentration C0 is high, the fire extinguishing process lasts longer and the extinguishing agent will not be exhausted prematurely.

[0052] It should be noted that the flame radical concentration R(t) needs to be calculated in combination with the flame heat release rate and the diffusion characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent. The subsequent steps calculate the time variation curve of the flame radical concentration R(t) and substitute the calculation result into the equation to solve the final value of the fire extinguishing agent concentration.

[0053] The consumption rate of fire extinguishing agent is a mathematical description of the rate of change of fire extinguishing agent concentration. Its physical meaning is the amount of fire extinguishing agent reduced over time. The analytical expression for the time-varying concentration of fire extinguishing agent can be directly used to calculate the concentration of fire extinguishing agent at different time points. This calculation result can be further used to optimize the fire extinguishing agent discharge rate, ensuring that the fire extinguishing agent concentration remains within the effective concentration range throughout the fire extinguishing process, avoiding fire extinguishing failure caused by excessive or insufficient fire extinguishing agent discharge.

[0054] Existing technologies usually use empirical formulas or CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation to calculate the distribution characteristics of fire extinguishing agents. Traditional empirical formulas usually give the minimum concentration of fire extinguishing agents based on experimental data. For example, a method in Xi'an provides a method for calculating the minimum concentration of fire extinguishing agents:

[0055] C NFPA =f material ×C crit

[0056] Among them, f material is the safety factor (usually 1.2-1.5), C critThe minimum concentration of fire extinguishing agent determined in the experiment. The disadvantages of this method are:

[0057] It can only provide the minimum concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, but cannot describe the dynamic changes of the fire extinguishing agent over time; the scope of application of the empirical formula is limited, and different flame conditions may lead to large errors; it needs to rely on a large amount of experimental data for correction, the experimental cost is high, and it is difficult to apply in real time.

[0058] CFD numerical simulation is a common method for evaluating fire extinguishing agents. This method uses fluid dynamics equations to calculate the diffusion characteristics of fire extinguishing agents. However, this method is computationally intensive and typically requires hours or even longer to solve, making it difficult to meet the real-time calculation requirements of fire extinguishing processes. Furthermore, CFD methods typically use turbulence models to describe the diffusion of fire extinguishing agents, but these models provide a relatively crude description of the chemical reaction dynamics of fire extinguishing agents, making it impossible to accurately calculate the consumption rate of fire extinguishing agents.

[0059] The fire extinguishing agent concentration calculation method proposed in this embodiment, based on second-order reaction kinetic modeling, can calculate the change in fire extinguishing agent concentration over time in real time. Compared with traditional empirical formulas and CFD numerical simulation methods, this method's substantial advancements are reflected in: Through kinetic modeling, it can accurately calculate the fire extinguishing agent consumption rate without relying on empirical formulas, thus improving calculation accuracy; The use of analytical solution methods avoids the computational complexity of CFD numerical simulations and enables real-time calculation of fire extinguishing agent concentration during the fire extinguishing process; The calculation results can be directly used to optimize the fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy, ensuring that the fire extinguishing agent concentration remains within the effective range, improving fire extinguishing efficiency and reducing fire extinguishing agent consumption.

[0060] Step 1.2: Set the initial concentration of flame free radicals and extract the second rate constant of the fire extinguishing agent's inhibitory effect on flame free radicals; calculate the flame free radical elimination rate per unit time based on the change of the fire extinguishing agent concentration over time, combined with the initial concentration of flame free radicals and the second rate constant; use the flame free radical elimination rate per unit time to establish a functional expression for the change of flame free radical concentration over time, and calculate the change of flame free radical concentration over time.

[0061] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, assuming that the flame radical concentration is R(t) and the fire extinguishing agent concentration is C(t), the flame radical elimination rate per unit time can be described by the second-order reaction kinetic equation:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, k2 is the second rate constant of the fire extinguishing agent's inhibitory effect on flame free radicals, which reflects the fire extinguishing agent's ability to absorb and capture flame free radicals.

[0064] The initial concentration of flame radicals, R0, depends on the flame temperature, fuel type, and oxygen concentration. It is typically determined using the following experimental methods: laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIF), which measures the concentration of OH radicals within the flame region; chemiluminescence, which measures the concentration distribution of O and H radicals in the flame through spectral analysis; and Raman spectroscopy, which measures the evolution of flame radical concentration during the combustion reaction.

[0065] The known extinguishing agent concentration C(t) has been calculated in step 1.1:

[0066]

[0067] Substitute it into the flame radical elimination rate equation:

[0068]

[0069] Solve the differential equation, separating the variables:

[0070]

[0071] After integration, we get:

[0072]

[0073] Taking the exponentials on both sides, we can get the formula for the change of flame free radical concentration over time:

[0074]

[0075] The formula shows that the concentration of flame free radicals decays exponentially with the change of extinguishing agent concentration, and its disappearance rate depends on the extinguishing agent concentration, the inhibition rate k2 of the extinguishing agent and the initial concentration of flame free radicals.

[0076] The second rate constant k2 of the fire extinguishing agent on flame free radicals can be determined experimentally. Specific methods include: transient absorption spectroscopy, measuring the spectral changes of flame free radicals after the fire extinguishing agent is injected, and fitting the k2 value with a mathematical model; flame extinction test, measuring the flame extinction time at a known fire extinguishing agent concentration, and calculating k2 through secondary reaction kinetics.

[0077] Step 1.3: Set the calculation variables for the fire extinguishing agent concentration, flame free radical concentration, and fire extinguishing reaction rate, and extract the fire extinguishing reaction rate constant; calculate the change in the fire extinguishing reaction rate over time based on the change in the fire extinguishing agent concentration and the change in the flame free radical concentration over time; use the change in the fire extinguishing reaction rate over time to establish a functional expression for the fire extinguishing reaction rate and the fire extinguishing time, and calculate the fire extinguishing time when the fire extinguishing reaction rate tends to a stable state;

[0078] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing reaction rate is R rate(t), the extinguishing agent concentration is C(t), the flame radical concentration is R(t), and the fire extinguishing reaction follows the second-order chemical reaction kinetics, and its rate can be expressed as:

[0079] R rate (t) = k r C(t)R(t)

[0080] Among them, k r is the fire extinguishing reaction rate constant, which reflects the reactivity of the fire extinguishing agent with flame free radicals.

[0081] The function of the fire extinguishing agent concentration calculated in step 1.1 as a function of time:

[0082]

[0083] And the function of flame radical concentration calculated in step 1.2 as a function of time:

[0084]

[0085] Substituting C(t) and R(t) into the fire extinguishing reaction rate equation, we get:

[0086]

[0087] After simplification:

[0088]

[0089] The changing trend of the fire extinguishing reaction rate determines the final completion time of the fire extinguishing. When the fire extinguishing reaction rate drops to a certain critical value R rate，crit When the concentration of flame free radicals is reduced to a level that cannot sustain combustion, the fire is extinguished, that is:

[0090] R rate (t ext )=R rate,crit

[0091] From the fire extinguishing reaction rate equation, we can get:

[0092]

[0093] Take the logarithm:

[0094]

[0095] Solve for t ext :

[0096]

[0097] Existing technologies mainly use empirical formulas or numerical simulation methods to calculate fire extinguishing reaction rate and fire extinguishing time. Traditional methods usually rely on experimental determination of fire extinguishing time and use empirical formulas to estimate fire extinguishing reaction rate, for example:

[0098]

[0099] Where β is an empirical coefficient. However, this method cannot accurately describe the dynamic changes in the concentration of the extinguishing agent and the concentration of flame radicals during the fire extinguishing process and can only provide a rough estimate of the fire extinguishing time.

[0100] The CFD method calculates the fire extinguishing reaction rate and fire extinguishing time by solving the turbulent combustion model. However, due to its high computational complexity, it usually takes a long time to calculate and cannot be used for real-time fire extinguishing prediction.

[0101] The fire extinguishing reaction rate calculation method proposed in this embodiment is based on chemical kinetic modeling and can accurately calculate the fire extinguishing agent concentration, flame free radical concentration and fire extinguishing time, overcoming the limitations of traditional methods. Compared with the empirical formula and CFD method, the technical advantages of this method include: using the chemical kinetic model to accurately calculate the fire extinguishing reaction rate, avoiding the estimation error of the empirical formula method; solving the fire extinguishing time t by analytical calculation ext , achieving more accurate fire extinguishing time predictions. Using an analytical mathematical model to calculate the fire extinguishing reaction rate avoids the computationally intensive nature of CFD methods, enabling real-time calculation of the fire extinguishing time during the firefighting process, facilitating firefighting decision-making. Calculating the changing trend of the fire extinguishing reaction rate helps optimize the extinguishing agent release pattern, ensuring effective extinguishing agent utilization, improving firefighting efficiency, and reducing agent consumption.

[0102] Step 1.4: Assign variables such as the fire extinguishing agent's heat absorption capacity, the total heat released by combustion, and the distribution of the fire extinguishing agent within the fire extinguishing area. Calculate the total heat absorbed by the fire extinguishing agent during the fire extinguishing process based on the fire extinguishing time when the fire extinguishing reaction rate approaches a steady state, combined with the fire extinguishing agent's heat absorption capacity, the total heat released by combustion, and the volume of the fire extinguishing area. Use the heat absorbed by the fire extinguishing agent to establish a formula for calculating the minimum effective concentration of the fire extinguishing agent and calculate the minimum concentration of the fire extinguishing agent required to extinguish the flame.

[0103] It should be noted that during the fire extinguishing process, perfluorohexanone not only affects the elimination of flame free radicals through chemical inhibition but also absorbs the heat released by combustion through thermophysical effects, thereby lowering the flame temperature, reducing the combustion reaction rate, and ultimately causing the flame to extinguish. Therefore, the minimum effective concentration of the fire extinguishing agent depends not only on its chemical inhibition effect but also on meeting thermodynamic equilibrium conditions, ensuring that the heat absorbed by the fire extinguishing agent effectively offsets the heat released by combustion. The following calculates the total heat absorbed by the fire extinguishing agent during the fire extinguishing process and, based on this, establishes a formula for calculating the minimum effective concentration of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0104] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the total heat absorption Q of the fire extinguishing agent abs Including sensible heat absorption and phase change heat absorption, the expression is as follows:

[0105] Q abs =M FK-5-1-12 C p ΔT+M FK-5-1-12 H vap

[0106] Among them, Q abs Indicates the total heat absorbed by the fire extinguishing agent; M FK-5-1-12 The mass of the extinguishing agent is represented by the extinguishing agent concentration C(t) and the volume of the extinguishing area V eff calculate:

[0107] M FK-5-1-12 =C(t)V eff M mol

[0108] Among them, M mol is the molar mass of perfluorohexanone, C p It is the specific heat capacity of the fire extinguishing agent, which indicates the amount of heat absorbed per unit mass when the temperature of the fire extinguishing agent rises. ΔT indicates the heat absorbed by the fire extinguishing agent from the ambient temperature T0 to the evaporation temperature T during the fire extinguishing process. vap Temperature rise:

[0109] ΔT=T vap -T0

[0110] H vap It is the latent heat of phase change of the fire extinguishing agent, which indicates the heat required for the fire extinguishing agent to change from liquid phase to gas phase. The total heat released by combustion Q total Determined by the combustion calorific value and combustion rate of the fuel:

[0111]

[0112] Among them, Q total The total heat released by combustion, Indicates the combustion rate of fuel, H c Indicates the combustion calorific value of the fuel, that is, the heat released by the complete combustion of unit mass of fuel, t ext The fire extinguishing time when the fire extinguishing reaction rate tends to a stable state is calculated in step 1.3.

[0113] To ensure that the extinguishing agent can effectively extinguish the flame, the thermal equilibrium conditions must be met:

[0114] Q abs ≥Q total

[0115] Minimum effective concentration of fire extinguishing agent Cmin Determined by the heat absorbed by the fire extinguishing agent to meet the combustion heat balance condition:

[0116]

[0117] Among them, C min Indicates the minimum effective concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, that is, the minimum concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing area, V eff It represents the effective distribution volume of the fire extinguishing agent, that is, the volume of the flame area where the fire extinguishing agent can actually act; the meanings of other parameters are the same as those in the above heat calculation formula.

[0118] When the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent is high, the fire extinguishing agent absorbs more heat per unit time and is easier to extinguish the flame; when the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent is insufficient, even if the chemical inhibition effect of the fire extinguishing agent exists, the flame may not be extinguished because the heat is not fully absorbed.

[0119] The heat absorption capacity parameter of the fire extinguishing agent was measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to determine the specific heat capacity C of perfluorohexanone. p and latent heat of phase change H vap ;

[0120] The temperature rise ΔT of the fire extinguishing agent in the flame area is measured by infrared thermal imaging technology;

[0121] The total heat released by combustion Q is measured using a combustion heat flux meter total and burning rate

[0122] CFD thermal physics simulation is used to calculate the temperature change after the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed, and the fire extinguishing agent heat absorption model is fitted based on the experimental data.

[0123] The flame extinguishing test was carried out at different extinguishing agent concentrations, and the heat absorption process of the extinguishing agent was measured to fit the minimum effective concentration C min .

[0124] The method proposed in this embodiment calculates the minimum effective concentration of fire extinguishing agents, based on thermodynamic equilibrium conditions. It accurately calculates the heat absorbed by the fire extinguishing agent and determines its minimum concentration. Compared to traditional empirical formulas and CFD methods, this method improves calculation accuracy by incorporating the thermophysical properties of the fire extinguishing agent. This improved computational efficiency makes it suitable for real-time firefighting decision-making, optimizes fire extinguishing agent deployment strategies, and reduces agent waste.

[0125] Step 1.5: Set the minimum effective concentration judgment variable of the fire extinguishing agent and the threshold for complete elimination of flame free radicals; based on the minimum concentration of the fire extinguishing agent that meets the flame extinction conditions and the threshold for complete elimination of flame free radicals, calculate the time required for the flame free radical concentration to decrease to the elimination threshold; based on the flame free radical elimination time and the minimum effective concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, establish a function expression of the fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy and the shortest fire extinguishing time, and calculate the shortest fire extinguishing time; output the shortest fire extinguishing time and the fire extinguishing agent concentration and flame free radical concentration corresponding to the fire extinguishing time.

[0126] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the minimum effective concentration of the fire extinguishing agent C min Calculated from step 1.4:

[0127] In order to ensure successful fire extinguishing, the fire extinguishing agent needs to meet the following requirements during the fire extinguishing process:

[0128]

[0129] where t ext The extinguishing time at which the extinguishing reaction rate reaches a steady state is calculated from step 1.3.

[0130] The concentration of flame radicals needs to be reduced to the critical value R where the flame cannot sustain combustion. crit , which is usually obtained by experimental determination or combustion dynamics calculation:

[0131] R crit =∈R0,0<∈<<1

[0132] Among them, R crit It represents the threshold for complete elimination of flame free radicals, that is, the free radical concentration when the flame no longer continues to burn; R0 represents the initial concentration of flame free radicals; ∈ is the remaining proportion of free radicals, which is 0.01~0.05 to ensure that the flame is extinguished.

[0133] The mathematical expression of the change of flame radical concentration with time is calculated by step 1.2:

[0134]

[0135] Calculate the time required for the flame free radical concentration to decrease to the elimination threshold when R(t)≤R crit When the flame goes out, the corresponding time is the flame free radical elimination time t free :

[0136]

[0137] Take the logarithm:

[0138]

[0139] The fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy needs to ensure that the fire extinguishing agent concentration meets the minimum effective concentration C min , and optimize the spray rate To reduce fire extinguishing time:

[0140]

[0141] Combined flame free radical elimination time t free Calculate the shortest fire extinguishing time t min :

[0142] t min =min(t ext ,t free )

[0143] Among them, t min Indicates the shortest fire extinguishing time (s), that is, the shortest time required for the flame to be completely extinguished under the action of the fire extinguishing agent and flame free radicals; t ext Indicates the fire extinguishing time when the fire extinguishing reaction rate tends to a stable state; t free Indicates the time it takes for flame radicals to decrease to the elimination threshold.

[0144] If t free <t ext , indicating that the flame radical concentration has dropped to the extinction threshold, then t min =t free If t free ≥t ext , indicating that the fire extinguishing reaction rate tends to be stable. At this time, t ext shall prevail.

[0145] Fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy optimization objectives:

[0146]

[0147] Ensure that the fire extinguishing agent spraying meets the minimum concentration requirements and the spraying volume is minimal.

[0148] Output the shortest fire extinguishing time and the corresponding fire extinguishing agent concentration and flame free radical concentration t min ,C(t min ),R(t min );that is: the shortest fire extinguishing time t min , that is, the shortest time required for the fire extinguishing agent to completely extinguish the flame under the action of the fire extinguishing agent and the flame free radicals; the fire extinguishing agent concentration C (t min ), that is, the concentration of fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing area at the shortest fire extinguishing time; the flame free radical concentration R(t min ), which is the residual concentration of flame free radicals when fire extinguishing is complete.

[0149] Furthermore, traditional perfluorooctane fire extinguishing systems are used in closed or semi-closed environments such as data centers, high-precision manufacturing workshops, and aircraft engine compartments. However, existing technologies mainly rely on empirical formulas to set the amount of fire extinguishing agent sprayed, and determine the minimum fire extinguishing agent concentration through experiments. Taking data centers as an example, existing systems usually adopt a fixed spraying strategy. When an electrical fire occurs in the computer room, perfluorooctane is released according to the preset spraying amount to ensure that the fire extinguishing agent concentration specified by the standard is reached. However, this method does not take into account the dynamic changes of the fire extinguishing agent during the fire extinguishing process, and cannot calculate the consumption rate of the fire extinguishing agent and the inhibition rate of free radicals in real time. As a result, in some cases, the fire extinguishing agent is over-sprayed, increasing operating costs, and in some complex airflow environments, the spraying may be insufficient, resulting in fire extinguishing failure.

[0150] Taking the fire-extinguishing system in an aircraft engine compartment as an example, the engine compartment experiences high-temperature, high-speed airflow. Once the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed into the compartment, it is affected by turbulence and convection, causing the concentration of the agent to change rapidly. Traditional CFD simulation methods are used to calculate the diffusion of fire extinguishing agents, but the computational complexity is high and it is difficult to meet the rapid response requirements of aircraft engine fire extinguishing systems. This invention establishes an analytical expression for the change in fire extinguishing agent concentration over time. Compared to CFD simulation calculations, this method can calculate fire extinguishing agent consumption in milliseconds, making it suitable for real-time control of the discharge volume, ensuring that the fire extinguishing agent reaches the optimal fire-extinguishing concentration within a limited time.

[0151] This paper uses secondary chemical reaction kinetics modeling, based on the chemical inhibition properties of perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agents, to calculate the reaction rate between the extinguishing agent and flame free radicals. Existing techniques rely solely on experimental determination of the minimum extinguishing agent concentration and fail to consider the dynamic elimination process of the extinguishing agent on free radicals, making it difficult to accurately predict the fire extinguishing reaction time. This paper uses mathematical modeling to calculate an expression for the time-varying free radical concentration in the flame, quantifying the extinguishing agent's flame suppression effect and calculating the minimum time required to extinguish the fire, enabling more accurate assessment of the fire extinguishing process.

[0152] Compared with traditional empirical formulas, the calculation of the optimal spraying rate of fire extinguishing agent can reduce unnecessary fire extinguishing agent consumption and lower operating costs in high-value scenarios (such as semiconductor manufacturing and precision instrument storage). In scenarios that require rapid response, such as aircraft engines and ship engine compartments, the present invention solves the fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy through mathematical optimization, which can achieve the optimal fire extinguishing effect in the shortest time, improve the response speed of the fire extinguishing system, and ensure the success rate of fire extinguishing. The existing technology only relies on experience to set the fire extinguishing agent spraying rate. The present invention uses analytical calculations to achieve precise optimization of the use of fire extinguishing agent, avoid blind spraying or problems of excessive computational complexity, and make the fire extinguishing system more intelligent and efficient.

[0153] Figure 2Figure 2 shows the time-dependent trends of fire extinguishing agent concentration and flame radical concentration, calculated using the fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetics model constructed in this invention. The horizontal axis represents time (in seconds), and the vertical axis represents concentration (normalized value). The red line represents the time-dependent curve of fire extinguishing agent concentration, C(t), and the blue line represents the time-dependent curve of flame radical concentration, R(t).

[0154] In this example, the initial concentration C0 of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent is first set, and the first rate constant k1 between the fire extinguishing agent and the flame free radicals is extracted. Based on this rate constant and the reaction mechanism of the fire extinguishing agent, the calculation expression for the fire extinguishing agent consumption rate per unit time is established:

[0155]

[0156] Solving the above differential equation, we can obtain the function of the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent changing with time:

[0157]

[0158] Subsequently, according to the inhibitory properties of the fire extinguishing agent on flame free radicals, the initial concentration R0 of the flame free radicals is set, and the second rate constant k2 is introduced to construct the expression of the flame free radical elimination rate per unit time:

[0159]

[0160] This formula shows that the change in free radical concentration is not only related to its own state, but also directly coincides with the current concentration of the extinguishing agent C(t). Further substituting the extinguishing agent concentration function have to:

[0161]

[0162] The differential equation can be solved by separation of variables to obtain the function of free radical concentration changing with time:

[0163]

[0164] Figure 2 The blue line in the middle is the result curve of the numerical solution of the above formula, which reflects the nonlinear effect of the change of fire extinguishing agent concentration on the free radical elimination process. Figure 2 It can be seen that the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent decays monotonically with time, while the free radical concentration decreases at a high rate in the initial stage and tends to be flat after the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent decreases, which is consistent with the kinetic mechanism.

[0165] In step 2, establishing the fire extinguishing agent diffusion model includes dividing the fire scene into a burning zone, a cooling zone, and a far-field zone according to the physical structure of the fire scene and the flame propagation;

[0166] According to the diffusion characteristics of perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent in flame environment, diffusion calculation equations are established in different areas of the fire scene.

[0167] Based on the change of extinguishing agent concentration over time, the concentration change of extinguishing agent in the combustion zone is calculated, combined with the extinguishing agent spray rate and reaction rate, and the turbulent diffusion model is used to determine the concentration of extinguishing agent in the combustion zone;

[0168] Based on the fire extinguishing agent concentration corresponding to the shortest fire extinguishing time and the heat absorption capacity of the fire extinguishing agent, combined with the process of the fire extinguishing agent absorbing heat and reducing the flame temperature, the laminar diffusion model is used to calculate the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the cooling zone;

[0169] Based on the wind speed, ambient temperature and air humidity at the fire scene, the diffusion rate of the fire extinguishing agent is calculated using the convection diffusion model;

[0170] The improved Fick diffusion equation is used to calculate the spatial distribution of the fire extinguishing agent in the entire fire scene, and the concentration distribution of the fire extinguishing agent in the burning zone, cooling zone and far field zone is output to form a spatial distribution diagram of the fire extinguishing agent concentration changing with time.

[0171] The improved Fick diffusion equation includes setting a turbulent diffusion coefficient related to the turbulence intensity in the flame area in the combustion zone. The turbulent diffusion coefficient is calculated based on the turbulence intensity of the fire scene and describes the concentration change of the fire extinguishing agent in the combustion zone;

[0172] In the cooling zone, the heat convection effect is considered and the convection term is introduced to describe the influence of heat convection on the concentration distribution of fire extinguishing agent in the fire scene;

[0173] In the cooling zone, the temperature-related diffusion coefficient is set, the influence of the fire temperature change on the diffusion rate of the fire extinguishing agent is considered, and the diffusion behavior of the fire extinguishing agent is adjusted in combination with the heat absorption characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0174] It should be noted that the combustion zone refers to the flame area where the diffusion of the extinguishing agent is primarily affected by turbulence. The high temperature and strong turbulence characteristics of the combustion zone require the use of a turbulent diffusion model to simulate the concentration changes of the extinguishing agent.

[0175] Cooling zone: The diffusion of the fire extinguishing agent in the cooling zone is affected by temperature gradient and thermal convection. The laminar diffusion model is used to describe the diffusion process of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0176] Far field: The area far away from the fire source. The diffusion rate of the fire extinguishing agent is affected by environmental factors such as wind speed, temperature, and humidity. The convection diffusion model is used to calculate the diffusion rate of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0177] Furthermore, in the combustion zone, due to the turbulent characteristics of the flame, the diffusion behavior of the fire extinguishing agent is highly nonlinear. turbulentTo describe the effect of turbulence on the diffusion of fire extinguishing agents. Specifically, the turbulent diffusion coefficient is closely related to the turbulence intensity of the fire scene, so it is necessary to measure or simulate the turbulence intensity and link it with the change of fire extinguishing agent concentration over time. The change of fire extinguishing agent concentration over time in the combustion zone can be described by the following equation

[0178]

[0179] Where C represents the concentration of the extinguishing agent in the combustion area, t is the time, and D turbulent is the turbulent diffusion coefficient; is the diffusion term, which represents the variation of extinguishing agent concentration over time and space.

[0180] In the cooling zone, the diffusion of the extinguishing agent is not only affected by the diffusion coefficient, but also closely related to the thermal gradient and thermal convection effect of the fire scene. Temperature changes play an important role in the diffusion rate of the extinguishing agent. Therefore, we introduce the temperature-dependent diffusion coefficient D(T) to describe the diffusion behavior of the extinguishing agent under different temperature conditions. In addition, considering the influence of thermal convection, we also introduce the convection term To simulate the effect of air flow in the fire scene on the diffusion of fire extinguishing agents.

[0181] The change of the extinguishing agent concentration in the cooling zone over time is calculated using the following equation:

[0182]

[0183] Where C is the concentration of the extinguishing agent, D(T) is the temperature-dependent diffusion coefficient, and v is the air velocity vector in the fire scene, describing the effect of thermal convection. is the traditional diffusion term, which takes into account the effect of temperature change on diffusion; is the heat convection term, which represents the effect of heat convection on the concentration distribution of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0184] In the far field, the diffusion of the fire extinguishing agent is affected by external environmental factors such as wind speed, temperature, humidity, etc. In this area, the diffusion of the fire extinguishing agent is mainly caused by convection, so the convection diffusion model is used to describe the diffusion rate of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0185] The time variation of the extinguishing agent concentration in the far field is described by the following equation:

[0186]

[0187] Among them, C is the concentration of fire extinguishing agent, D far is the diffusion coefficient in the far field, v wind is the wind speed vector at the fire scene, describing the impact of the environment on the spread of fire extinguishing agents; is the diffusion term, which represents the diffusion rate of the extinguishing agent; It is the convection term, which represents the effect of wind speed on the diffusion of fire extinguishing agent.

[0188] This equation takes into account the impact of environmental factors on the diffusion of fire extinguishing agents in the far field, helping to accurately calculate the concentration changes of fire extinguishing agents in areas far away from the fire source.

[0189] To more accurately describe the spatial distribution of the extinguishing agent within a fire scene, the results of different diffusion models for the aforementioned zones (combustion zone, cooling zone, and far field) were combined to calculate the spatial distribution of the extinguishing agent throughout the fire scene using the modified Fick diffusion equation. This equation incorporates factors such as turbulence, thermal convection, and ambient temperature variations in each zone, providing a more comprehensive description of the extinguishing agent's diffusion behavior.

[0190] The improved Fick diffusion equation is:

[0191]

[0192] Where C is the concentration of the extinguishing agent, t is the time, D(T) is the temperature-dependent diffusion coefficient, v is the fluid velocity, and D turbulent is the turbulent diffusion coefficient.

[0193] Using the modified Fick diffusion equation, the concentration distribution of the fire extinguishing agent in different areas is calculated. Finally, a spatial distribution map of the fire extinguishing agent concentration over time is generated, accurately reflecting the distribution of the fire extinguishing agent within the fire scene. The output spatial distribution map will provide input for subsequent fire extinguishing agent release optimization models, further optimizing the release rate and injection pattern of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0194] Furthermore, the traditional Fick diffusion equation assumes a constant diffusion coefficient and fails to account for factors such as complex turbulence, thermal convection, and ambient temperature fluctuations within a fire scene. Traditionally, the diffusion of fire extinguishing agents is often simplified to uniform diffusion, ignoring the heterogeneous and dynamic nature of the fire scene, leading to inaccurate calculations of the agent distribution.

[0195] The present invention improves the fire extinguishing agent diffusion model by introducing the turbulent diffusion coefficient, thermal convection effect and temperature-dependent diffusion coefficient into the traditional Fick diffusion equation, so that it can take into account the specific characteristics of different areas in the fire scene (such as the combustion zone, cooling zone and far field zone), thereby more accurately simulating the diffusion process of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire scene.

[0196] The turbulent diffusion coefficient accounts for turbulent flow within the flame region, ensuring that the concentration of the extinguishing agent in the combustion zone more closely reflects actual conditions. The thermal convection term considers the effects of air flow and temperature gradients on the extinguishing agent concentration, enhancing the convection effect in the cooling zone. The temperature-dependent diffusion coefficient incorporates the influence of temperature gradients on the extinguishing agent's diffusion rate, ensuring that the extinguishing agent's diffusion behavior under different temperature conditions is accurately simulated.

[0197] This method significantly improves the accuracy of fire extinguishing agent diffusion simulations across different fire scene areas, providing a reliable basis for subsequent optimization of fire extinguishing agent deployment. By factoring in the actual fire scene environment, the calculated fire extinguishing agent concentration distribution is more realistic and effective, avoiding the simplified assumptions about the complex fire scene environment used in traditional models.

[0198] The traditional Fick diffusion equation typically uses a single diffusion model for the entire fire scene, ignoring the differences in characteristics between different regions. The extinguishing agent diffusion behavior varies significantly between the burning zone, cooling zone, and far-field zone of a fire scene, necessitating the development of separate diffusion models.

[0199] The method of this embodiment divides the fire scene into a burning zone, a cooling zone, and a far field zone, and applies a turbulent diffusion model, a laminar diffusion model, and a convective diffusion model to each zone, thereby independently modeling the diffusion of the fire extinguishing agent in each zone.

[0200] The combustion zone uses a turbulent diffusion model to simulate the diffusion behavior of the extinguishing agent within the flame region, ensuring that the calculation accounts for the effects of high temperatures and strong turbulence near the fire source. The cooling zone uses a laminar diffusion model, taking into account the heat absorption capacity of the extinguishing agent. This model simulates the concentration changes of the extinguishing agent in the cooling area outside the flame, accounting for the effects of temperature and thermal convection. The far-field uses a convective diffusion model, incorporating factors such as wind speed and ambient temperature to accurately calculate the diffusion rate of the extinguishing agent in the far-field region.

[0201] By using different diffusion models for different areas, the limitations of a single model are overcome, achieving more accurate simulation of fire extinguishing agent diffusion. This multi-area diffusion model enhances the model's adaptability and accuracy, resulting in more realistic concentration distribution of the extinguishing agent in different fire environments, improving firefighting effectiveness.

[0202] Traditional fire simulations of extinguishing agent dispersion typically rely on complex computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. While accurate, these models are computationally intensive and require significant computing resources. While CFD models can fully account for factors such as turbulence, temperature gradients, and airflow in a fire scene, their high computational complexity often makes them impractical for practical applications.

[0203] This example method uses a modified Fick diffusion equation. By incorporating the turbulent diffusion coefficient, a thermal convection term, and a temperature-dependent diffusion coefficient, the calculation process is significantly simplified while maintaining accuracy. This equation enables highly accurate simulation of fire extinguishing agent diffusion at a low computational cost, avoiding the complex CFD solution process and making it suitable for application in actual fire suppression systems.

[0204] By improving the traditional Fick diffusion equation, this paper not only improves computational accuracy but also significantly enhances computational efficiency. This simplified modeling approach can be more efficiently applied in actual fire extinguishing systems, reducing computing resource consumption and improving response speed.

[0205] like Figure 3 The figure shows a two-dimensional heat map showing the diffusion of the extinguishing agent from the spraying location into the fire area and its decay over time. The horizontal axis represents the fire area's spatial location (unit: meters), and the vertical axis represents the time of the fire extinguishing process (unit: seconds). The color depth in the figure represents the relative concentration of the extinguishing agent at different locations and times, with darker colors indicating higher concentrations.

[0206] In this paper, the fire extinguishing agent diffusion model is established based on a modified Fick diffusion equation. Specifically, the method first divides the fire scene into a combustion zone, a cooling zone, and a far-field zone, and constructs diffusion governing equations for each zone. In the combustion zone, the turbulent diffusion coefficient related to turbulence intensity is introduced to account for flame turbulence. In the cooling zone, a temperature-dependent diffusion coefficient and a thermal convection term are introduced to reflect the diffusion behavior of the fire extinguishing agent during the heat absorption and cooling process. In the far-field zone, ambient wind speed, temperature, and air humidity are introduced as convection diffusion parameters to reflect the distribution of the fire extinguishing agent in distant areas.

[0207] Figure 3 This is the visualization output of the multi-region coupled diffusion model. It can be seen that during the initial release phase, the extinguishing agent is primarily concentrated in the central region (near x = 5 meters). Over time, the extinguishing agent gradually diffuses to more distant areas, while the overall concentration decays. This diffusion trend is highly correlated with changes in the thermal field and turbulent structure, demonstrating that the physical mechanisms considered in the model accurately reflect the actual distribution behavior of the extinguishing agent in a fire environment.

[0208] This graph not only shows the concentration trends of the fire extinguishing agent over space and time but also provides essential data input for the subsequent discharge optimization model. Specifically, the concentration values at each location and time in the graph can be used to calculate whether the local area has reached the minimum fire extinguishing concentration. This is then input into the fire extinguishing agent discharge optimization model as an objective function constraint, enabling precise control of discharge rate and direction, thereby improving fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0209] In step 3, the minimum extinguishing time is used as a time constraint to ensure that the extinguishing process is completed in the shortest possible time. The flame free radical concentration constraint is set to ensure that the extinguishing agent can effectively suppress free radicals during the extinguishing process and prevent the flame from reigniting.

[0210] Based on the fire extinguishing agent concentration distribution in each area output in step 2, set concentration constraints for different areas to ensure that the fire extinguishing agent concentration in each area (combustion area, cooling area, and far field area) reaches an effective fire extinguishing level.

[0211] Adjust the spraying volume according to the concentration distribution of fire extinguishing agent in each area to avoid excessive consumption of fire extinguishing agent, while ensuring that the concentration of fire extinguishing agent is sufficient to extinguish the fire source.

[0212] This embodiment further optimizes the spraying strategy by setting environmental constraints. These environmental constraints take into account the dynamic changes in the fire scene, such as:

[0213] Wind speed: The wind speed in the fire scene affects the diffusion of the fire extinguishing agent, and the spraying rate needs to be monitored and adjusted in real time.

[0214] Temperature: The temperature change at the fire scene has a direct impact on the diffusion rate of the fire extinguishing agent, so the spraying amount needs to be adjusted according to the temperature change.

[0215] Humidity: Humidity affects the effectiveness of fire extinguishing agents, so the spraying strategy is adjusted according to humidity data to ensure the spraying effect of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0216] Based on environmental data, the model can adjust the spraying strategy in real time to ensure that the fire extinguishing agent has the optimal diffusion effect in the actual fire environment.

[0217] To find the optimal spraying strategy, this embodiment uses a genetic algorithm to calculate the optimization of fire extinguishing agent spraying. The genetic algorithm uses selection, crossover, mutation, and other operations to gradually optimize from multiple candidate solutions to find the optimal spraying volume and spraying pattern. The optimization process takes into account the following factors:

[0218] Shortest fire extinguishing time: The optimization algorithm ensures that the fire extinguishing time is shortened as much as possible by adjusting parameters such as spray volume, spray angle, and spray time.

[0219] Minimum extinguishing agent consumption: The optimization algorithm ensures that the minimum amount of extinguishing agent is used during the fire extinguishing process by reducing unnecessary spraying to improve economy.

[0220] The input data of the genetic algorithm include extinguishing agent concentration constraints, spraying volume constraints and environmental constraints. After multiple iterations, the optimal spraying strategy is finally obtained.

[0221] The optimal spraying strategies obtained through the optimization algorithm include:

[0222] Optimal spray volume: The optimal spray volume is calculated based on multiple factors such as the fire area, extinguishing agent concentration, flame free radical concentration, etc. to ensure the effective use of extinguishing agent.

[0223] Spray rate: The optimal spray rate is calculated based on the size of the fire source, the diffusion characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent and environmental factors to ensure that the fire extinguishing agent can quickly cover the fire source area.

[0224] Spraying time: The optimized spraying time ensures that the fire extinguishing task is completed in the shortest possible time while avoiding excessive use of fire extinguishing agent.

[0225] The resulting optimal release strategy is then transferred to the actual fire extinguishing system to guide the fire extinguishing equipment in its release scheduling. This strategy ensures that the release volume, injection rate, and injection time of the fire extinguishing agent are all optimized during the fire extinguishing process, thereby minimizing fire extinguishing agent consumption while ensuring effective fire extinguishing.

[0226] Example 2, the second embodiment of the present invention, provides a fire extinguishing performance evaluation system for perfluorohexanone materials, including.

[0227] A reaction kinetics module is used to obtain the physicochemical parameters of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent and construct a fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetics model, which describes the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent concentration, the flame free radical concentration, and the fire extinguishing reaction rate;

[0228] A diffusion analysis module is used to establish a fire extinguishing agent diffusion model based on the diffusion characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire environment, wherein the fire extinguishing agent diffusion model describes the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent concentration and time and space changes; and

[0229] The spraying optimization module is used to build a fire extinguishing agent spraying optimization model, set the shortest fire extinguishing time and the minimum fire extinguishing agent consumption as the optimization goals to construct an objective function, and output the optimal fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy.

[0230] It should be noted that perfluorohexanone, as an environmentally friendly fire extinguishing agent, has a fire extinguishing mechanism that is different from traditional inert gas fire extinguishing agents or water-based fire extinguishing agents. The main mechanism of action of perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent is through chemical inhibition, that is, it reacts with flame free radicals during the fire extinguishing process, interrupting the combustion chain reaction and making the combustion reaction unable to continue. The method of this embodiment is based on the chemical properties of perfluorohexanone and establishes a complete fire extinguishing performance evaluation method. This method constructs a fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetic model, a fire extinguishing agent diffusion model, and a fire extinguishing agent spray optimization model, and combines mathematical analytical methods to mathematically decouple each model to accurately describe the dynamic changes of perfluorohexanone during the fire extinguishing process, thereby optimizing the use of fire extinguishing agents and improving fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0231] In the prior art, the evaluation of the fire extinguishing performance of fire extinguishing agents usually adopts the empirical formula method or the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The empirical formula method is usually based on a large amount of experimental data to obtain the minimum effective concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, and adjusts the spraying amount of the fire extinguishing agent in combination with the safety factor. However, this method fails to take into account the dynamic changes in the consumption of the fire extinguishing agent during the fire extinguishing process, and cannot accurately calculate the reaction rate of the fire extinguishing agent and its interaction with the flame free radicals, so it is difficult to achieve precise control of the spraying amount of the fire extinguishing agent. In addition, although the CFD method can calculate the diffusion characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent through the fluid dynamics equation and simulate the interaction between the fire extinguishing agent and the flame in combination with the turbulence model, the calculation complexity is high and the calculation time is long, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of real-time evaluation during the fire extinguishing process. In addition, in terms of the reaction kinetics calculation of flame free radicals, a simplified model is usually used, the calculation accuracy is low, and it is difficult to accurately describe the chemical reaction process of the fire extinguishing agent and the flame free radicals.

[0232] The method of this embodiment aims at the characteristics of perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, and proposes a fire extinguishing performance evaluation method based on kinetic modeling and optimization calculation. This method first constructs a fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetic model to describe the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent concentration, flame free radical concentration and fire extinguishing reaction rate. Since the fire extinguishing effect of perfluorohexanone mainly depends on chemical inhibition, the consumption rate of the fire extinguishing agent in the flame area is not only related to its own concentration, but also affected by the concentration of flame free radicals. Therefore, the method of this embodiment establishes a mathematical model of the change of fire extinguishing agent concentration over time based on secondary chemical reaction kinetics. Combined with the initial concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, the first rate constant of the fire extinguishing agent for flame free radicals and the initial concentration of flame free radicals, the unit time consumption rate of the fire extinguishing agent is calculated, and the expression of the change of fire extinguishing agent concentration over time is obtained by solving the differential equation, so that the consumption dynamics of the fire extinguishing agent can be accurately described.

[0233] After calculating the change in extinguishing agent concentration over time, the method of this embodiment further constructs a model for the change in flame free radical concentration. Because the chemical inhibition of the extinguishing agent causes the concentration of flame free radicals to decrease over time, the elimination rate of flame free radicals is affected by the extinguishing agent concentration. Based on the calculated results of the extinguishing agent concentration over time, combined with the initial concentration of flame free radicals and the second rate constant of the extinguishing agent for flame free radicals, the method of this embodiment calculates the flame free radical elimination rate per unit time and establishes a mathematical model for the change in flame free radical concentration over time. This mathematical model accurately describes the flame free radical elimination process and is used to calculate the time required for the flame free radical concentration to reach the extinguishing threshold under the action of the extinguishing agent.

[0234] After calculating the dynamic changes in extinguishing agent concentration and flame free radical concentration, the method of this embodiment further establishes a fire extinguishing reaction rate model to calculate the time scale of the fire extinguishing reaction process. This method sets the calculation variables for extinguishing agent concentration, flame free radical concentration, and fire extinguishing reaction rate, and extracts the fire extinguishing reaction rate constant. Based on the mathematical models of the time-varying extinguishing agent concentration and flame free radical concentration, the time-varying process of the fire extinguishing reaction rate is calculated, and the fire extinguishing time at which the fire extinguishing reaction rate reaches a steady state is solved. This calculation method can accurately determine when the fire extinguishing agent's inhibitory effect on flame free radicals reaches a steady state, and based on this, calculate the shortest time required to extinguish the fire.

[0235] The method of this embodiment simultaneously constructs a fire extinguishing agent diffusion model to describe the relationship between the change of fire extinguishing agent concentration over time and space. Since the diffusion of fire extinguishing agent in the fire environment is affected by factors such as turbulence, temperature gradient and convection, the traditional empirical formula method cannot accurately predict the diffusion of fire extinguishing agent in different fire scenarios. The method of this embodiment adopts a mathematical analytical method to establish a fire extinguishing agent diffusion equation, and combines the fire extinguishing agent spray rate, ambient wind speed and flame area temperature to calculate the distribution of fire extinguishing agent concentration in the fire scene. Compared with the CFD method, this method has low computational complexity and high computational accuracy. It can obtain the changing trend of fire extinguishing agent concentration in a shorter time, and is coupled with the fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetic model to improve the overall accuracy of fire extinguishing performance evaluation.

[0236] Furthermore, to optimize the fire extinguishing agent release strategy, this embodiment method proposes a fire extinguishing agent release optimization model. This model uses the shortest extinguishing time and minimum extinguishing agent consumption as optimization objectives, constructs an objective function, and sets constraints on extinguishing agent concentration, release volume, and environmental conditions. Based on the aforementioned fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetics model and fire extinguishing agent diffusion model, this embodiment method employs an optimization calculation method to determine the optimal fire extinguishing agent release rate and calculates the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent release strategy and extinguishing time. This optimizes the fire extinguishing agent usage efficiency and improves the fire extinguishing system's responsiveness.

[0237] The method of this embodiment further employs a dynamic analytical approximation method to mathematically decouple the fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetics model, the fire extinguishing agent diffusion model, and the fire extinguishing agent spray optimization model, thereby reducing computational complexity, improving computational efficiency, and ensuring the real-time evaluation of fire extinguishing performance. Traditional CFD numerical simulation methods are computationally intensive and typically require long computation times, making them difficult to meet the needs of real-time fire extinguishing control. The method of this embodiment utilizes a mathematical analytical method to solve the changing processes of fire extinguishing agent concentration, flame free radical concentration, and fire extinguishing reaction rate, significantly reducing computational time. This method can be used to optimize fire extinguishing strategies in real time and improve the fire extinguishing capabilities of fire extinguishing systems.

[0238] Example 3 is the third embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the first two embodiments in that:

[0239] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0240] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (e.g., a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0241] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic devices), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering, or processing in another suitable manner as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0242] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application-specific integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0243] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of perfluorohexanone material, characterized in that: include, Obtaining the physicochemical parameters of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent and constructing a fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetic model, wherein the fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetic model describes the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent concentration, the flame free radical concentration, and the fire extinguishing reaction rate; Based on the diffusion characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire environment, a fire extinguishing agent diffusion model is established, wherein the fire extinguishing agent diffusion model describes the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent concentration and time and space changes; An optimization model for fire extinguishing agent spraying is constructed, and the shortest fire extinguishing time and the minimum fire extinguishing agent consumption are set as the optimization goals to construct the objective function and output the optimal fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy.

2. The method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material according to claim 1, wherein: The construction of the fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetics model includes: The initial concentration of the fire extinguishing agent is set, and the first rate constant of the fire extinguishing agent's inhibitory effect on flame free radicals is extracted; the time-varying variable of the fire extinguishing agent concentration is set, and the unit time consumption rate of the fire extinguishing agent is calculated based on the initial concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, the first rate constant, and the reaction rate of the fire extinguishing agent with flame free radicals; based on the unit time consumption rate of the fire extinguishing agent, a functional expression of the change of the fire extinguishing agent concentration with time is established, and the change of the fire extinguishing agent concentration with time is calculated; The initial concentration of flame free radicals is set, and the second rate constant of the fire extinguishing agent's inhibition of flame free radicals is extracted; based on the change of the fire extinguishing agent concentration over time, combined with the initial concentration of flame free radicals and the second rate constant, the flame free radical elimination rate per unit time is calculated; The elimination rate of flame free radicals per unit time is used to establish a functional expression for the change of flame free radical concentration with time, and the change of flame free radical concentration with time is calculated.

3. The method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material according to claim 2, wherein: The construction of the fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetics model also includes: Set the calculation variables of fire extinguishing agent concentration, flame free radical concentration, and fire extinguishing reaction rate, and extract the fire extinguishing reaction rate constant; calculate the change of fire extinguishing reaction rate over time based on the change of fire extinguishing agent concentration and flame free radical concentration over time; use the change of fire extinguishing reaction rate over time to establish a functional expression of fire extinguishing reaction rate and fire extinguishing time, and calculate the fire extinguishing time when the fire extinguishing reaction rate tends to a stable state; The heat absorption capacity of the fire extinguishing agent, the total heat released by combustion, and the distribution of the fire extinguishing agent within the fire extinguishing area are set as variables. Based on the fire extinguishing time when the fire extinguishing reaction rate tends to a steady state, the total heat absorbed by the fire extinguishing agent during the fire extinguishing process is calculated in combination with the heat absorption capacity of the fire extinguishing agent, the total heat released by combustion, and the volume of the fire extinguishing area. Using the heat absorbed by the fire extinguishing agent, a formula is established to calculate the minimum effective concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, and the minimum concentration of the fire extinguishing agent that meets the flame extinction conditions is calculated. Set the minimum effective concentration of the fire extinguishing agent as a judgment variable and the threshold for complete elimination of flame free radicals. Based on the minimum concentration of the fire extinguishing agent that meets the flame extinction condition and the threshold for complete elimination of flame free radicals, calculate the time required for the flame free radical concentration to decrease to the elimination threshold. Based on the flame free radical elimination time and the minimum effective concentration of the fire extinguishing agent, a functional expression of the fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy and the shortest fire extinguishing time is established to calculate the shortest fire extinguishing time; Output the shortest fire extinguishing time and the fire extinguishing agent concentration and flame free radical concentration corresponding to the fire extinguishing time.

4. The method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material according to claim 3, wherein: The fire extinguishing agent diffusion model is established, According to the physical structure of the fire scene and the flame propagation, the fire scene is divided into the burning zone, the cooling zone and the far field zone; According to the diffusion characteristics of perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent in flame environment, diffusion calculation equations are established in different areas of the fire scene. The improved Fick diffusion equation is used to calculate the spatial distribution of the fire extinguishing agent in the entire fire scene, and the concentration distribution of the fire extinguishing agent in the burning zone, cooling zone and far field zone is output to form a spatial distribution diagram of the fire extinguishing agent concentration changing with time.

5. The method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material according to claim 4, wherein: The diffusion calculation equations established in different areas of the fire scene include: Based on the change of extinguishing agent concentration over time, the concentration change of extinguishing agent in the combustion zone is calculated, combined with the extinguishing agent spray rate and reaction rate, and the turbulent diffusion model is used to determine the concentration of extinguishing agent in the combustion zone; Based on the fire extinguishing agent concentration corresponding to the shortest fire extinguishing time and the heat absorption capacity of the fire extinguishing agent, combined with the process of the fire extinguishing agent absorbing heat and reducing the flame temperature, the laminar diffusion model is used to calculate the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the cooling zone; Based on the wind speed, ambient temperature and air humidity at the fire scene, the convection diffusion model is used to calculate the diffusion rate of the fire extinguishing agent.

6. The method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material according to claim 5, wherein: The improved Fick diffusion equation includes, In the combustion zone, a turbulent diffusion coefficient related to the turbulence intensity in the flame area is set. The turbulent diffusion coefficient is calculated based on the turbulence intensity of the fire scene and describes the concentration change of the fire extinguishing agent in the combustion zone; In the cooling zone, the heat convection effect is considered and the convection term is introduced to describe the influence of heat convection on the concentration distribution of fire extinguishing agent in the fire scene; In the cooling zone, the temperature-related diffusion coefficient is set, the influence of the fire temperature change on the diffusion rate of the fire extinguishing agent is considered, and the diffusion behavior of the fire extinguishing agent is adjusted in combination with the heat absorption characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent.

7. A method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The construction of the fire extinguishing agent spraying optimization model includes: Set time constraints based on the shortest fire extinguishing time; set concentration constraints based on the flame radical concentration; Set the extinguishing agent concentration constraint for each area based on the extinguishing agent concentration distribution in the burning area, cooling area and far field area; The optimization objective function is solved to calculate the optimal spraying volume, spraying rate, spraying angle and spraying time.

8. A system for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of perfluorohexanone materials, using the method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of perfluorohexanone materials according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: A reaction kinetics module is used to obtain the physicochemical parameters of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent and construct a fire extinguishing chemical reaction kinetics model, which describes the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent concentration, the flame free radical concentration, and the fire extinguishing reaction rate; A diffusion analysis module is used to establish a fire extinguishing agent diffusion model based on the diffusion characteristics of the fire extinguishing agent in the fire environment. The fire extinguishing agent diffusion model describes the relationship between the fire extinguishing agent concentration and time and space changes; as well as, The spraying optimization module is used to build a fire extinguishing agent spraying optimization model, set the shortest fire extinguishing time and the minimum fire extinguishing agent consumption as the optimization goals to construct an objective function, and output the optimal fire extinguishing agent spraying strategy.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a perfluorohexanone material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

Images