Combined antenna and adjustment method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of antenna equipment, specifically a combined antenna and an adjustment method thereof. The antenna body comprises a gradient dielectric constant base layer, a deformable radiating layer, a graphene metasurface layer, and an integrated environmental sensing module. The base layer is made of LTCC material, the dielectric constant of which varies along a thickness gradient and has a built-in cavity structure. The deformable radiating layer comprises a central butterfly-shaped radiator and annularly distributed LCP retractable branches, the length of which is adjusted by a MEMS driver. The graphene metasurface layer is composed of several independently controllable units, which dynamically regulate the surface impedance. The adaptive control unit integrates collected data to ensure communication quality in complex electromagnetic environments, achieves the optimal mechanical-electromagnetic parameter combination, and performs multi-dimensional adjustment and dynamic adjustment to achieve frequency band switching, beamforming, and interference suppression.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antenna equipment, and more particularly, to a combined antenna and an adjustment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, modern communication systems have developed rapidly, and people's demand for communication has also increased. Antennas of various specifications and models have also gradually increased. In existing antenna usage scenarios, frequency band antenna units are independently distributed, occupying a large area. This makes it impossible for the same antenna to receive signals from different frequency bands, resulting in low scenario adaptability. Furthermore, antennas installed in some scenarios are prone to intermodulation interference. Traditional filtering solutions can only achieve an in-band suppression ratio of ≤8dB, which cannot meet the requirements for better communication quality. They also cannot dynamically adjust the radiation pattern according to the environment, and their efficiency decreases significantly in mobile or complex scenarios.

[0003] To this end, a combined antenna and its adjustment method are proposed, which can realize dynamic adjustment in multiple dimensions. Through environmental perception and algorithm collaboration, the beam direction and polarization matching are dynamically optimized, and the structure of the radiation unit layer on the antenna body is fine-tuned. The signal on the antenna body is simultaneously interfered with, and the interference suppression capability is enhanced. The communication quality in complex electromagnetic environments is guaranteed, and the optimal mechanical-electromagnetic parameter combination and multi-dimensional adjustment are achieved to further meet the use in complex scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a combined antenna and an adjustment method thereof to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: a combined antenna, including an antenna body; the antenna body is provided with: a radiation unit layer, an integrated environmental perception module and an adaptive control unit; the radiation unit layer and the integrated environmental perception module are electrically connected to the adaptive control unit respectively.

[0006] Optionally, the radiation unit layer includes: a gradient dielectric constant base layer, a deformable radiation layer and a graphene supersurface layer; the gradient dielectric constant base layer is made of LTCC material, and its dielectric constant varies uniformly along the thickness direction; the gradient dielectric constant base layer is embedded with a rectangular cavity structure; the deformable radiation layer includes a central dual-polarized butterfly radiator and several groups of LCP retractable branches distributed in a ring around the central dual-polarized butterfly radiator; the LCP retractable branches are all adjusted in length by a MEMS electrostatic comb drive; the graphene supersurface layer includes several controllable units; the controllable units include graphene patches and bias voltage control blocks.

[0007] Optionally, the integrated environmental perception module includes: a millimeter-wave radar subsystem, a nine-axis inertial sensor and an auxiliary sensor for detecting environmental interference signals; the millimeter-wave radar subsystem is embedded in a rectangular cavity structure arranged in the gradient dielectric constant base layer, and the millimeter-wave radar subsystem is electrically connected to the adaptive control unit; the nine-axis inertial sensor is arranged in a non-radiating area at the edge of the gradient dielectric constant base layer, and is electrically connected to the adaptive control unit through a flexible circuit, and is used to detect the three-dimensional acceleration, angular velocity and geomagnetic direction of the terminal; the auxiliary sensor is installed on the gradient dielectric constant base layer, and is used to monitor the substrate working parameters, and the auxiliary sensor is electrically connected to the adaptive control unit.

[0008] Optionally, a directional coupler is also integrated at the end of the feed network of the gradient dielectric constant substrate layer; the directional coupler is used to adjust the average radiation efficiency of the antenna and compensate for the frequency deviation caused by the deformation of the LCP retractable branches through real-time closed-loop calibration.

[0009] Optionally, the adaptive control unit includes: a data receiving module for receiving data, a data processing module for processing transmission data, an embedded inference engine for calculating and achieving signal interference elimination, and an execution module for executing instructions to adjust the radiation unit layer.

[0010] A method for adjusting the combined antenna includes the following steps: A) collecting environmental data and interference data: obtaining the three-dimensional spatial posture and channel state information of the antenna body by integrating the millimeter-wave radar subsystem, the nine-axis inertial sensor, and the baseband chip in the adaptive control unit in the environmental perception module, thereby obtaining environmental data and interference data;

[0011] Step B, calculating the optimal adjustment strategy: the adaptive control unit receives environmental data, calculates the antenna structure parameter target function, and obtains the optimal adjustment instruction based on the calculation result;

[0012] Step C, executing the optimal adjustment instruction: the adaptive control unit adjusts the radiation unit layer according to the optimal adjustment instruction;

[0013] Step D, dynamic impedance matching of the antenna: the adaptive control unit dynamically adjusts the adjustable matching network through the reflection coefficient fed back by the directional coupler set in the radiation element layer;

[0014] Step E, antenna adjustment interference elimination: the adaptive control unit extracts interference signal characteristics based on the interference data, and generates intervention measures based on the interference signal characteristics to eliminate signal interference after antenna adjustment;

[0015] Step F, antenna signal communication: After being adjusted and improved, the antenna body transmits and receives signals to achieve adaptive wireless communication.

[0016] Optionally, in step A, the millimeter-wave radar subsystem and the nine-axis inertial sensor in the integrated environment perception module and the baseband chip in the adaptive control unit are integrated to obtain the three-dimensional spatial posture and channel state information of the antenna body, and then obtain the environmental data and interference data. The specific implementation process is as follows, including:

[0017] A1. The millimeter wave radar subsystem transmits FMCW signals and calculates the obstacle distribution around the antenna body through the reflected signals, which is expressed as: Calculate the distance between the antenna body and the surrounding obstacles based on the difference frequency signal delay Perform distance calculations, , the azimuth angle between the antenna body and the surrounding obstacles is expressed as, ,in It is represented as the phase difference between adjacent array elements, and d is represented as the array element spacing;

[0018] A2. Fit the distance between the antenna body and the surrounding obstacles and the azimuth between the antenna body and the surrounding obstacles to generate a three-dimensional point cloud matrix , where each point represents the coordinates of obstacles around the antenna body;

[0019] A3. Fuse the raw data obtained by the nine-axis inertial sensor and fuse the data through Kalman filtering to obtain the attitude data of the antenna body, which is expressed as: The pitch angle is obtained by fusing the raw data , roll angle and yaw angle , through Kalman filter optimization, based on the gyroscope angular velocity in the nine-axis inertial sensor, the state equation is expressed as , where the state vector , Expressed as gyroscope zero bias, based on the accelerometer and magnetometer in the nine-axis inertial sensor, the observation equation is expressed as , through Kalman gain update, the output optimized posture data is expressed as ~ ;

[0020] A4, fitting the output data of steps A3 and A4 to generate data of the three-dimensional spatial posture of the antenna body, thereby obtaining the environmental data;

[0021] A5. Obtain characteristic parameters of in-band / out-band interference signals in the communication channel through the baseband chip built into the adaptive control unit, including spectrum signal parameters and spatial parameters of the interference signal, and then obtain the interference data.

[0022] Optionally, the adaptive control unit in step B receives environmental data, calculates the antenna structure parameter target function, and obtains the optimal adjustment instruction based on the calculation result. The specific implementation process is as follows, including:

[0023] B1. The adaptive control unit calculates the antenna polarization matching factor based on the received environmental data , which is used to quantify the matching degree between the polarization direction of the antenna and the polarization direction of the incident electromagnetic wave, 0≤η≤1;

[0024] B2. Calculated antenna polarization matching factor , calculate the adjustment amount of several groups of LCP retractable branches of the deformable radiation layer in the radiation unit layer to adjust the polarization direction of the antenna, which is expressed as , where k=0.1mm;

[0025] B3. Posture data based on received environmental data , calculate the bias voltage of several controllable units in the graphene metasurface layer in the radiation unit layer to optimize the surface current distribution, expressed as ;

[0026] B4. Fit the calculation results of step B2 and step B3, and output the optimal adjustment instruction.

[0027] Optionally, the adaptive control unit in step D dynamically adjusts the adjustable matching network through the reflection coefficient fed back by the directional coupler provided in the radiation unit layer. The specific implementation process is as follows, including:

[0028] D1, directional coupler couples the incident power of the radiation unit layer and the reflected power of the radiation unit layer and transmits them synchronously to the adaptive control unit, which calculates the reflection coefficient ,When the reflection coefficient is greater than the target threshold, the adjustment is triggered, otherwise it works normally;

[0029] When D2 needs to be adjusted, the adaptive control unit takes minimizing the reflected power as the objective function and adjusts the capacitance of the radiation unit layer to the adjustable matching network, which is expressed as ,in Expressed as the adjustable capacitance value, Denotes the learning step size, Expressed as the partial derivative of the square of the reflection coefficient with respect to capacitance;

[0030] D3, the partial derivative of the square of the reflection coefficient with respect to the capacitance is approximated by the perturbation method and is expressed as ,in It is expressed as the capacitance perturbation step size;

[0031] D4. Then, a target capacitance value for adjustment is obtained, and the adaptive control unit adjusts the capacitance value of the radiation unit layer to the target capacitance value, so as to achieve adjustment to the adjustable matching network.

[0032] Optionally, the adaptive control unit in step E extracts interference signal features based on the interference data, and generates intervention measures based on the interference signal features to eliminate signal interference after antenna adjustment. The specific implementation process is as follows, including:

[0033] E1. Extracting spectral features and spatial features from the interference data based on the acquired interference data; the spectral features include: center frequency, bandwidth, and power spectrum density; the spatial features include interference source direction and multipath delay;

[0034] E2. Perform digital pre-distortion compensation based on the calculated spectrum characteristics, design an inverse filter, construct an inverse filter transfer function, generate a compensation signal, inject it through a directional coupler, and superimpose it with the original signal to offset the interference;

[0035] E3. Based on the interference source orientation in the calculated spatial characteristics, calculate the unit phase offset to form a pattern null, convert the calculated phase difference into a bias voltage, and use the bias voltage as a target value to adjust multiple controllable units on the graphene metasurface layer;

[0036] E4. Based on the multipath delay in the calculated spatial characteristics, a reverse delay is introduced into the compensation signal to perform delay alignment to achieve time domain alignment and compensation.

[0037] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The LCP branch length can be quickly adjusted dynamically through the MEMS electrostatic comb driver within the radiation unit layer, and the electromagnetic characteristics of the graphene metasurface layer can be dynamically reconstructed through independent bias voltages, enabling rapid switching of the receive and transmit signal bands. Compared with traditional mechanical switches / PIN diode solutions, it has a faster response time and higher scenario adaptability.

[0039] 2. The interference suppression and scene adaptation capabilities are higher. The antenna body ensures the signal transmission quality in complex scenarios through multi-dimensional adjustment of mechanical structure and electromagnetic signals, avoiding unilateral adjustment that leads to poor adjustment ability and poor signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a logic diagram of the adjustment process of the antenna body of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for adjusting a combined antenna of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 5G broadband card-type omnidirectional antenna in another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings illustrate several embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0044] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a communication between the two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0045] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "above," "below," and similar expressions are for illustrative purposes only and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0046] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0047] The present invention provides a combined antenna and an adjustment method thereof, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an antenna body; the antenna body is provided with: a radiation unit layer, an integrated environment perception module and an adaptive control unit; the radiation unit layer and the integrated environment perception module are electrically connected to the adaptive control unit respectively.

[0048] In other embodiments, a 5G broadband card-type omnidirectional antenna may be added near the antenna body, such as Figure 3 As shown, it has a compact structure and can be embedded in a device casing or an indoor non-metallic decorative panel, saving space and being beautiful. It can be used as a secondary antenna in conjunction with the antenna body to further expand the signal coverage range.

[0049] Furthermore, the radiation unit layer includes: a gradient dielectric constant base layer, a deformable radiation layer and a graphene supersurface layer; the gradient dielectric constant base layer is made of LTCC material, and its dielectric constant varies uniformly along the thickness direction; the gradient dielectric constant base layer is embedded with a rectangular cavity structure; the deformable radiation layer includes a central dual-polarized butterfly radiator and several groups of LCP retractable branches distributed in a ring around the central dual-polarized butterfly radiator; the length of the LCP retractable branches is adjusted by a MEMS electrostatic comb drive; the graphene supersurface layer includes several controllable units; the controllable units include graphene patches and bias voltage control blocks.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, the radiation unit layer is formed by stacking a gradient dielectric constant base layer, a deformable radiation layer and a graphene metasurface layer in sequence, wherein the radiation main body layer is a deformable radiation layer, which mainly receives and transmits signals. In its center is a central dual-polarized butterfly radiator, covering 2.4-5GHz, which can realize the reception and transmission of multi-band signals. Six groups of deformable liquid crystal polymer LCP branches are distributed on the periphery. The length changes by ±40% through the MEMS driver to achieve structural deformable adjustment and thus achieve impedance matching and frequency band expansion; 256 controllable units are set on the graphene metasurface layer, and the bias voltage is adjusted by the built-in bias voltage control block of each controllable unit, thereby realizing dynamic change of surface impedance and supporting millimeter wave virtual array generation;

[0051] In other embodiments, when transmitting in the low-frequency band Sub-6 GHz, the butterfly-shaped main body + annular branch coupling is activated to generate a wide-area coverage beam; when transmitting in the millimeter-wave band 28 / 39 GHz, the main body is closed, a 16×16 virtual array is generated through the graphene metasurface, and real-time dynamic impedance matching is performed, which is expressed as ,in Expressed as the branch expansion coefficient, Expressed as the propagation constant, It is expressed as the branch length; then, by reversely injecting a compensation signal with a phase opposite to the interference signal, the in-band SINR is improved by ≥15dB, the physical adjustable structure is combined with the electromagnetic metamaterial, and hardware-level multi-frequency reconstruction is achieved to meet the transmission requirements of signals in different frequency bands.

[0052] Furthermore, the integrated environmental perception module includes: a millimeter-wave radar subsystem for detecting environmental interference signals, a nine-axis inertial sensor and an auxiliary sensor; the millimeter-wave radar subsystem is embedded in a rectangular cavity structure provided in the gradient dielectric constant substrate layer, and the millimeter-wave radar subsystem is electrically connected to the adaptive control unit; the nine-axis inertial sensor is provided in a non-radiating area at the edge of the gradient dielectric constant substrate layer, and is electrically connected to the adaptive control unit through a flexible circuit, and is used to detect the three-dimensional acceleration, angular velocity and geomagnetic direction of the terminal; the auxiliary sensor is installed on the gradient dielectric constant substrate layer, and is used to monitor the substrate working parameters, and the auxiliary sensor is electrically connected to the adaptive control unit.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, the nine-axis inertial sensor includes a three-axis accelerometer, a three-axis gyroscope, and a three-axis magnetometer, which are installed in the non-radiating area at the edge of the antenna substrate to measure acceleration, angular velocity and magnetic field strength; the auxiliary sensors mainly include temperature sensors, which are used to monitor substrate temperature changes and compensate for dielectric constant temperature drift.

[0054] Furthermore, a directional coupler is integrated at the end of the feed network of the gradient dielectric constant substrate layer; the directional coupler is used to adjust the average radiation efficiency of the antenna and compensate for the frequency deviation caused by the deformation of the LCP retractable branches through real-time closed-loop calibration.

[0055] Furthermore, the adaptive control unit includes: a data receiving module for receiving data, a data processing module for processing transmission data, an embedded reasoning engine for calculating and achieving signal interference elimination, and an execution module for executing instructions to adjust the radiation unit layer.

[0056] An adjustment method based on the above-mentioned combined antenna, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes step A, collecting environmental data and interference data: obtaining the three-dimensional spatial posture and channel state information of the antenna body by integrating the millimeter-wave radar subsystem and the nine-axis inertial sensor in the environmental perception module and the baseband chip in the adaptive control unit, thereby obtaining environmental data and interference data;

[0057] Step B, calculating the optimal adjustment strategy: the adaptive control unit receives environmental data, calculates the antenna structure parameter target function, and obtains the optimal adjustment instruction based on the calculation result;

[0058] Step C, executing the optimal adjustment instruction: the adaptive control unit adjusts the radiation unit layer according to the optimal adjustment instruction;

[0059] Step D, dynamic impedance matching of the antenna: the adaptive control unit dynamically adjusts the adjustable matching network through the reflection coefficient fed back by the directional coupler set in the radiation element layer;

[0060] Step E, antenna adjustment interference elimination: the adaptive control unit extracts interference signal characteristics based on the interference data, and generates intervention measures based on the interference signal characteristics to eliminate signal interference after antenna adjustment;

[0061] Step F, antenna signal communication: After being adjusted and improved, the antenna body transmits and receives signals to achieve adaptive wireless communication.

[0062] Optionally, in step A, the millimeter-wave radar subsystem and the nine-axis inertial sensor in the integrated environment perception module and the baseband chip in the adaptive control unit are integrated to obtain the three-dimensional spatial posture and channel state information of the antenna body, and then obtain the environmental data and interference data. The specific implementation process is as follows, including:

[0063] A1. The millimeter wave radar subsystem transmits FMCW signals and calculates the obstacle distribution around the antenna body through the reflected signals, which is expressed as: Calculate the distance between the antenna body and the surrounding obstacles based on the difference frequency signal delay Perform distance calculations, , the azimuth angle between the antenna body and the surrounding obstacles is expressed as, ,in It is represented as the phase difference between adjacent array elements, and d is represented as the array element spacing;

[0064] A2. Fit the distance between the antenna body and the surrounding obstacles and the azimuth between the antenna body and the surrounding obstacles to generate a three-dimensional point cloud matrix , where each point represents the coordinates of obstacles around the antenna body;

[0065] A3. Fuse the raw data obtained by the nine-axis inertial sensor and fuse the data through Kalman filtering to obtain the attitude data of the antenna body, which is expressed as: The pitch angle is obtained by fusing the raw data , roll angle and yaw angle , through Kalman filter optimization, based on the gyroscope angular velocity in the nine-axis inertial sensor, the state equation is expressed as , where the state vector , Expressed as gyroscope zero bias, based on the accelerometer and magnetometer in the nine-axis inertial sensor, the observation equation is expressed as , through Kalman gain update, the output optimized posture data is expressed as ~ ;

[0066] A4, fitting the output data of steps A3 and A4 to generate data of the three-dimensional spatial posture of the antenna body, thereby obtaining the environmental data;

[0067] A5. Obtain characteristic parameters of in-band / out-band interference signals in the communication channel through the baseband chip built into the adaptive control unit, including spectrum signal parameters and spatial parameters of the interference signal, and then obtain the interference data.

[0068] Optionally, the adaptive control unit in step B receives environmental data, calculates the antenna structure parameter target function, and obtains the optimal adjustment instruction based on the calculation result. The specific implementation process is as follows, including:

[0069] B1. The adaptive control unit calculates the antenna polarization matching factor based on the received environmental data , which is used to quantify the matching degree between the polarization direction of the antenna and the polarization direction of the incident electromagnetic wave, 0≤η≤1;

[0070] B2. Calculated antenna polarization matching factor , calculate the adjustment amount of several groups of LCP retractable branches of the deformable radiation layer in the radiation unit layer to adjust the polarization direction of the antenna, which is expressed as , where k=0.1mm;

[0071] B3. Posture data based on received environmental data , calculate the bias voltage of several controllable units in the graphene metasurface layer in the radiation unit layer to optimize the surface current distribution, expressed as ;

[0072] B4. Fit the calculation results of step B2 and step B3, and output the optimal adjustment instruction.

[0073] Optionally, the adaptive control unit in step D dynamically adjusts the adjustable matching network through the reflection coefficient fed back by the directional coupler provided in the radiation unit layer. The specific implementation process is as follows, including:

[0074] D1, directional coupler couples the incident power of the radiation unit layer and the reflected power of the radiation unit layer and transmits them synchronously to the adaptive control unit, which calculates the reflection coefficient ,When the reflection coefficient is greater than the target threshold, the adjustment is triggered, otherwise it works normally;

[0075] When D2 needs to be adjusted, the adaptive control unit takes minimizing the reflected power as the objective function and adjusts the capacitance of the radiation unit layer to the adjustable matching network, which is expressed as ,in Expressed as the adjustable capacitance value, Denotes the learning step size, Expressed as the partial derivative of the square of the reflection coefficient with respect to capacitance;

[0076] D3, the partial derivative of the square of the reflection coefficient with respect to the capacitance is approximated by the perturbation method and is expressed as ,in It is expressed as the capacitance perturbation step size;

[0077] D4. Then, a target capacitance value for adjustment is obtained, and the adaptive control unit adjusts the capacitance value of the radiation unit layer to the target capacitance value, so as to achieve adjustment to the adjustable matching network.

[0078] Optionally, the adaptive control unit in step E extracts interference signal features based on the interference data, and generates intervention measures based on the interference signal features to eliminate signal interference after antenna adjustment. The specific implementation process is as follows, including:

[0079] E1. Extracting spectral features and spatial features from the interference data based on the acquired interference data; the spectral features include: center frequency, bandwidth, and power spectrum density; the spatial features include interference source direction and multipath delay;

[0080] E2. Perform digital pre-distortion compensation based on the calculated spectrum characteristics, design an inverse filter, construct an inverse filter transfer function, generate a compensation signal, inject it through a directional coupler, and superimpose it with the original signal to offset the interference;

[0081] E3. Based on the interference source orientation in the calculated spatial characteristics, calculate the unit phase offset to form a pattern null, convert the calculated phase difference into a bias voltage, and use the bias voltage as a target value to adjust multiple controllable units on the graphene metasurface layer;

[0082] E4. Based on the multipath delay in the calculated spatial characteristics, a reverse delay is introduced into the compensation signal to perform delay alignment to achieve time domain alignment and compensation.

[0083] In a specific embodiment, the inverse filter transfer function is constructed as ,in Expressed as the interference channel frequency response, the inverse filter is applied to the interference signal , generating a cancellation signal , expressed as , the calculated cancellation signal is injected through the reverse port of the directional coupler, superimposed with the original signal to achieve the effect of canceling the interference and realize electromagnetic signal adjustment;

[0084] According to the interference source direction ( , ), calculate the unit phase offset to form the pattern null, expressed as ,in( , ) is expressed as the hypersurface unit coordinates, and additional Phase reversal; convert the calculated phase difference into a bias voltage, expressed as ;

[0085] For multipath delay , introducing a reverse delay into the compensation signal, ,in Expressed as the path attenuation coefficient, Expressed as the carrier angular frequency.

[0086] A combined antenna and its adjustment method of the present invention can dynamically achieve rapid adjustment of LCP branch length through the MEMS electrostatic comb driver in the radiation unit layer and dynamically reconstruct the electromagnetic characteristics of the graphene super surface layer through independent bias voltages, thereby realizing rapid switching of reception and transmission signal frequency bands. Compared with traditional mechanical switch / PIN diode solutions, the antenna has faster response time and higher scene adaptability; higher interference suppression and scene adaptability. The antenna body achieves the guarantee of signal transmission quality in complex scenarios through multi-dimensional adjustment of mechanical structure and electromagnetic signals, avoiding unilateral adjustment leading to poor adjustment ability and poor signal.

[0087] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. All technical solutions based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises an antenna body; the antenna body is provided with: a radiation unit layer, an integrated environment perception module and an adaptive control unit; The radiation unit layer and the integrated environment perception module are electrically connected to the adaptive control unit respectively; The radiation unit layer includes: a gradient dielectric constant base layer, a deformable radiation layer and a graphene super surface layer; The gradient dielectric constant base layer is made of LTCC material, and its dielectric constant changes uniformly along the thickness direction; the gradient dielectric constant base layer is embedded with a rectangular cavity structure; The deformable radiation layer includes a central dual-polarized butterfly-shaped radiator and a plurality of groups of liquid crystal polymer (LCP) retractable branches distributed in a ring around the central dual-polarized butterfly-shaped radiator; the length of the liquid crystal polymer (LCP) retractable branches is adjusted by a MEMS electrostatic comb drive; The graphene super surface layer includes a plurality of controllable units; the controllable units include a graphene patch and a bias voltage control block.

2. A combined antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated environmental perception module includes: a millimeter-wave radar subsystem for detecting environmental interference signals, a nine-axis inertial sensor, and auxiliary sensors; The millimeter-wave radar subsystem is embedded in a rectangular cavity structure provided on the gradient dielectric constant substrate layer, and the millimeter-wave radar subsystem is electrically connected to the adaptive control unit; The nine-axis inertial sensor is arranged in the non-radiating area at the edge of the gradient dielectric constant base layer and is electrically connected to the adaptive control unit via a flexible circuit, and is used to detect the three-dimensional acceleration, angular velocity and geomagnetic direction of the terminal; The auxiliary sensor is mounted on the gradient dielectric constant base layer and is used to monitor substrate operating parameters. The auxiliary sensor is electrically connected to the adaptive control unit.

3. The combined antenna according to claim 1, wherein: A directional coupler is also integrated at the end of the feed network of the gradient dielectric constant substrate; The directional coupler is used to adjust the average radiation efficiency of the antenna and compensate for the frequency deviation caused by the deformation of the retractable branches of the liquid crystal polymer LCP through real-time closed-loop calibration.

4. The combined antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The adaptive control unit includes: a data receiving module for receiving data, a data processing module for processing transmission data, an embedded reasoning engine for calculating and achieving signal interference elimination, and an execution module for executing instructions to adjust the radiation unit layer.

5. A method for adjusting the combined antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: Step A: Environmental and interference data collection: The millimeter-wave radar subsystem and nine-axis inertial sensor in the integrated environmental perception module and the baseband chip in the adaptive control unit are used to obtain the three-dimensional spatial posture and channel state information of the antenna body, thereby obtaining environmental and interference data. Step B, calculating the optimal adjustment strategy: the adaptive control unit receives environmental data, calculates the antenna structure parameter target function, and obtains the optimal adjustment instruction based on the calculation result; Step C, executing the optimal adjustment instruction: the adaptive control unit adjusts the radiation unit layer according to the optimal adjustment instruction; Step D, dynamic impedance matching of the antenna: the adaptive control unit dynamically adjusts the adjustable matching network through the reflection coefficient fed back by the directional coupler set in the radiation element layer; Step E, antenna adjustment interference elimination: the adaptive control unit extracts interference signal characteristics based on the interference data, and generates intervention measures based on the interference signal characteristics to eliminate signal interference after antenna adjustment; Step F, antenna signal communication: After being adjusted and improved, the antenna body transmits and receives signals to achieve adaptive wireless communication.

6. The method for adjusting a combined antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step A is to obtain the three-dimensional spatial posture and channel state information of the antenna body by integrating the millimeter-wave radar subsystem, the nine-axis inertial sensor and the baseband chip in the adaptive control unit in the environmental perception module, and then obtain the environmental data and interference data. The specific implementation process is as follows, including: A1. The millimeter wave radar subsystem transmits FMCW signals and calculates the obstacle distribution around the antenna body through the reflected signals, which is expressed as: Calculate the distance between the antenna body and the surrounding obstacles, based on the difference frequency signal delay Perform distance calculations, , c represents the speed of light, and the azimuth angle between the antenna body and the surrounding obstacles is expressed as, ,in It is represented as the phase difference between adjacent array elements, and d is represented as the array element spacing; A2. Fit the distance between the antenna body and the surrounding obstacles and the azimuth between the antenna body and the surrounding obstacles to generate a three-dimensional point cloud matrix , where each point represents the coordinates of obstacles around the antenna body; A3. Fuse the raw data obtained by the nine-axis inertial sensor and fuse the data through Kalman filtering to obtain the attitude data of the antenna body, which is expressed as: The pitch angle is obtained by fusing the raw data , roll angle and yaw angle , through Kalman filter optimization, based on the gyroscope angular velocity in the nine-axis inertial sensor, the state equation is expressed as , The value range is , where the state vector , Expressed as gyroscope zero bias, based on the accelerometer and magnetometer in the nine-axis inertial sensor, the observation equation is expressed as , The value range is , through Kalman gain update, the output optimized posture data is expressed as satisfy The value range is ; A4, fitting the output data of steps A3 and A4 to generate data of the three-dimensional spatial posture of the antenna body, thereby obtaining the environmental data; A5. Obtain characteristic parameters of in-band / out-band interference signals in the communication channel through the baseband chip built into the adaptive control unit, including spectrum signal parameters and spatial parameters of the interference signal, and then obtain the interference data.

7. The method for adjusting a combined antenna according to claim 6, wherein: The adaptive control unit in step B receives environmental data, calculates the antenna structure parameter target function, and obtains the optimal adjustment instruction based on the calculation result. The specific implementation process is as follows, including: B1. The adaptive control unit calculates the antenna polarization matching factor based on the received environmental data , which is used to quantify the matching degree between the polarization direction of the antenna and the polarization direction of the incident electromagnetic wave, 0≤η≤1; B2. Calculated antenna polarization matching factor , calculate the adjustment amount of several groups of liquid crystal polymer LCP retractable branches of the deformable radiation layer in the radiation unit layer to adjust the polarization direction of the antenna, expressed as , where k=0.1mm; B3. Posture data based on received environmental data , calculate the bias voltage of several controllable units in the graphene metasurface layer in the radiation unit layer to optimize the surface current distribution, expressed as ; B4. Fit the calculation results of step B2 and step B3, and output the optimal adjustment instruction.

8. The method for adjusting a combined antenna according to claim 5, wherein: The adaptive control unit in step D dynamically adjusts the adjustable matching network through the reflection coefficient fed back by the directional coupler provided in the radiation unit layer. The specific implementation process is as follows, including: D1, directional coupler couples the incident power of the radiation unit layer and the reflected power of the radiation unit layer and transmits them synchronously to the adaptive control unit, which calculates the reflection coefficient ,When the reflection coefficient is greater than the target threshold, the adjustment is triggered, otherwise it works normally; D2, when adjustment is required, the adaptive control unit takes minimizing the reflected power as the objective function and adjusts the capacitance of the radiation unit layer to the adjustable matching network represented by ,in Expressed as the adjustable capacitance value, Denotes the learning step size, Expressed as the partial derivative of the square of the reflection coefficient with respect to capacitance; D3, the partial derivative of the square of the reflection coefficient with respect to the capacitance is approximated by the perturbation method and is expressed as ,in It is expressed as the capacitance perturbation step size; D4. Then, a target capacitance value for adjustment is obtained, and the adaptive control unit adjusts the capacitance value of the radiation unit layer to the target capacitance value, so as to achieve adjustment to the adjustable matching network.

9. The method for adjusting a combined antenna according to claim 5, wherein: The adaptive control unit in step E extracts interference signal features based on the interference data, and generates intervention measures based on the interference signal features to eliminate signal interference after antenna adjustment. The specific implementation process is as follows, including: E1. Extracting spectral features and spatial features from the interference data based on the acquired interference data; the spectral features include: center frequency, bandwidth, and power spectrum density; the spatial features include interference source direction and multipath delay; E2. Perform digital pre-distortion compensation based on the calculated spectrum characteristics, design an inverse filter, construct an inverse filter transfer function, generate a compensation signal, inject it through a directional coupler, and superimpose it with the original signal to offset the interference; E3. Based on the interference source orientation in the calculated spatial characteristics, calculate the unit phase offset to form a pattern null, convert the calculated phase difference into a bias voltage, and use the bias voltage as a target value to adjust multiple controllable units on the graphene metasurface layer; E4. Based on the multipath delay in the calculated spatial characteristics, a reverse delay is introduced into the compensation signal to perform delay alignment to achieve time domain alignment and compensation.

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