Modularized planting equipment for root zone environment control

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of planting equipment, and discloses modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, which comprises an AIoT system, a mobile chassis, an outer wall and an inner wall. And universal wheels are mounted on the bottom surface of the movable chassis. The outer wall is made of temperature control materials and arranged on the movable chassis, and a cavity capable of containing soil is defined by the outer wall and the movable chassis. The inner wall is arranged on the inner side of the outer wall, made of weather-proof materials and provided with a plurality of air holes communicating with the two sides of the inner wall. A vertical air duct is arranged on the outer side of the inner wall, and the multiple air holes located in the same column are communicated through the air duct. The upper end and the lower end of the ventilation channel communicate with the outside through an air inlet and an air outlet correspondingly, and the AIoT system is arranged in a control box on the outer wall and used for soil environment monitoring, data collecting and processing and edge decision control over the device. The equipment is used for crop root zone microenvironment control, can prevent a temperature control material from influencing soil air permeability, solves the problem of difficult water and fertilizer management in open field cultivation, and promotes digital and intelligent transformation of agricultural production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of planting equipment, and in particular to modular planting equipment for root zone environment control. Background Art

[0002] The root system is the "lifeblood" of plants. It not only absorbs water and nutrients but also senses soil conditions and regulates physiological activities aboveground (such as stomata opening and closing, leaf growth, and fruit development). Establishing and maintaining a healthy root system is crucial for overall plant growth and high-quality yields.

[0003] However, traditional open-field cultivation faces severe challenges: 1. Environmental uncontrollability: The soil environment (such as salinization, compaction, nutrient imbalance, and soil-borne diseases) is difficult to control, which seriously restricts root health and thus affects crop growth, quality, and yield.

[0004] 2. Resource inefficiency and pollution: Affected by climate fluctuations (temperature, humidity, and uneven rainfall), water management relies heavily on traditional experience, resulting in insufficient or excessive irrigation and inefficient use of water resources. Irrational fertilization leads to low utilization rate (less than 30%), heavy metal pollution, and soil salinization.

[0005] 3. Extensive management: Weed control relies on manual / chemical means, which are inefficient and destructive to the ecology; the wide distribution of the root system makes root pruning difficult and the quality uniformity is poor.

[0006] While existing soil management technologies (such as rhizosphere-restricted cultivation and container cultivation) have advanced, rhizosphere-restricted cultivation still suffers from drawbacks such as unstable root zone temperatures, high costs, and complex management. Its effectiveness in precisely regulating the root zone environment is limited. While container cultivation devices isolate the external environment, they lack air permeability, allowing water and fertilizer to accumulate at the bottom. Furthermore, the materials lack weather resistance and temperature control, leading to imprecise fertilizer addition and difficulty optimizing the root zone environment. Faced with global population growth, resource scarcity, and the pressures of sustainable development, plant root management urgently needs breakthrough solutions to overcome the bottlenecks of open-field cultivation, which remain largely standardized and data-driven. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, which can reduce the difficulty of controlling the plant planting environment, meet the precise regulation of the root zone environment such as water, fertilizer, and temperature, realize efficient resource utilization, avoid water resource waste, excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers causing environmental pollution, and meet the needs of sustainable development.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, comprising: a mobile chassis with universal wheels installed at the bottom; an outer wall, made of temperature control material, arranged on the mobile chassis, and forming a cavity with the inner wall that can accommodate soil and limit the growth of plant roots; an inner wall, arranged on the inner side of the outer wall, made of weather-resistant material, and provided with multiple air holes, the air holes connecting the two sides of the inner wall, and a vertical air duct provided on the inner wall, the air duct connecting the multiple air holes located in the same column, and the upper and lower ends of the air duct are connected to the outside through the air inlet and exhaust port respectively; an AIoT system, arranged in a control box on the outer wall, for soil environment monitoring in the cavity, data acquisition and processing, and edge decision control of the device.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the mobile chassis is equipped with universal wheels, which facilitates the movement of the device to the desired position. The roots of the plant are placed in the soil in the cavity surrounded by the outer wall, the inner wall and the mobile chassis. The soil of the plant roots is isolated from the soil of the external environment, reducing the volume of soil that needs to be environmentally controlled, reducing the difficulty of managing water, fertilizer and temperature in the soil near the roots, improving the utilization rate of water and fertilizer, and avoiding excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides to pollute the environment. The outer wall is made of temperature-control material and the inner wall is made of weather-resistant material, which improves the temperature control performance of the device and increases the strength of the structure, thereby improving the device's adaptability to harsh environments. The inner wall ensures the ventilation of the root soil through pores and air ducts, preventing the temperature control material from affecting the ventilation of the cavity and affecting the growth of the plant. At the same time, the device can also monitor the soil environment in the cavity through the AIoT system, and realize intelligent control of the soil environment based on the soil environment monitoring data, further ensuring that the soil environment in the cavity can be stabilized in an environment suitable for plant growth.

[0010] The above-mentioned modular planting equipment for root zone environment control has a solid fertilizer quick-change bracket provided on the inner side of the inner wall, a solid fertilizer drawer is slidably provided in the solid fertilizer quick-change bracket, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the side wall of the solid fertilizer drawer. The solid fertilizer drawer can slide along the solid fertilizer quick-change bracket in the vertical direction. When the solid fertilizer drawer slides in the solid fertilizer quick-change bracket, the through holes of the solid fertilizer drawer can cut off the roots growing into the solid fertilizer drawer.

[0011] The above-mentioned modular planting equipment for root zone environment control is provided with a compost isolation rack on the mobile chassis. The compost isolation rack is arranged inside the inner wall. The top surface of the compost isolation rack is provided with multiple through holes. A compost drawer is slidingly provided inside the compost isolation rack. The compost drawer can slide along the compost isolation rack in the horizontal direction. When the compost drawer slides inside the compost isolation rack, the through holes of the compost isolation rack can cut off the roots growing into the compost drawer.

[0012] The above-mentioned modular planting equipment for root zone environment control has a honeycomb-shaped reinforcement structure on the inner surface and / or outer surface of the inner wall, a vertical height gauge on the inner surface of the inner wall, and the inner wall is detachably mounted on the inner side of the outer wall by means of a threaded connection.

[0013] The above-mentioned modular planting equipment for root zone environment control has a central area of the upper surface of the mobile chassis that is recessed downward, and a drainage structure is provided on the mobile chassis. One end of the drainage structure is provided in the central area of the mobile chassis, and the other end of the drainage structure is connected to the outside.

[0014] The above-mentioned modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, the AIoT system includes a power management module, a control module, a wireless communication module, a data acquisition module and a positioning module, the power management module is used to power the control module, the wireless communication module, the data acquisition module and the positioning module, the wireless communication module, the data acquisition module and the positioning module are all electrically connected to the control module, the soil on the inner wall is provided with a soil tension sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor and a soil conductivity sensor, and a three-axis acceleration sensor is provided on the outer wall or the inner wall, the soil tension sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, the soil conductivity sensor and the three-axis acceleration sensor are all electrically connected to the data acquisition module.

[0015] The above-mentioned modular planting equipment for root zone environment control has a heating device and a cooling device on the inner wall or the outer wall, and a drive control module is also provided in the control box. The drive control module is electrically connected to the control module, and the heating device and the cooling device are both electrically connected to the drive control module.

[0016] The above modular planting equipment for root zone environment control is also provided with an electronic tag on the control box.

[0017] The above modular planting equipment for root zone environment control has a drip irrigation device provided inside the inner wall. The drip irrigation device is electrically connected to the drive control module, and the drip irrigation device is communicated with the water and fertilizer supply system.

[0018] The above modular planting equipment for root zone environment control is provided with a rain shielding device above the outer wall, and a seedling supporting hole for allowing the seedling to extend is provided in the middle of the rain shielding device, and a seedling supporting rod is passed through the seedling supporting hole.

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the internal structure of modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a side cross-sectional view of the internal structure of modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inner wall of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of a solid fertilizer drawer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of a compost isolation rack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile chassis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a top view of a rain shielding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the keel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a functional block diagram of a control box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Description of Figure Numbers: 100 mobile chassis, 110 universal wheels, 120 drainage structure, 121 water collection tank, 200 outer wall, 300 inner wall, 310 air holes, 320 air duct, 330 reinforcement structure, 331 regular hexagonal groove, 332 regular hexagonal ridge, 340 height gauge, 400 solid fertilizer quick-change bracket, 410 solid fertilizer drawer, 500 compost isolation rack, 510 compost drawer, 600 control box, 700 rain shield device, 701 rain shield, 702 keel, 703 inner slide rail, 704 outer slide rail, 710 seedling support pole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figures 4 to 6 An embodiment of the present invention provides a modular planting device for root zone environment control, comprising a mobile chassis 100, an outer wall 200, an inner wall 300, and an AIoT system. The mobile chassis 100 is provided with a plurality of universal wheels 110 on its lower surface, and the outer wall 200 is provided on its upper surface. The outer wall 200 is made of a temperature-control material, such as a polyurethane temperature-control plate, and the outer wall 200 and the mobile chassis 100 form a cavity that can accommodate soil. The inner wall 300 is made of a weather-resistant material and is disposed on the inner side of the outer wall 200. The inner wall 300 is provided with a plurality of air holes 310 that connect the inner and outer sides of the inner wall 300. The inner wall 300 is also provided with a plurality of vertical air ducts 320 that connect the plurality of air holes 310 located in the same row. The air ducts 320 are provided with an air inlet and an exhaust port that communicate with the outside at the upper and lower ends, respectively. The AIoT system is arranged in a control box 600 on the surface of the outer wall 200, and is used to monitor the soil environment in the cavity, collect and process the parameters of the soil environment, and implement edge decision control of the device based on the collected soil environment parameters.

[0034] This modular planting equipment for root zone environment control sets the plant roots in the soil carried in the cavity surrounded by the outer wall 200, the inner wall 300 and the mobile chassis 100, thereby isolating the soil near the rhizomes of the plants from the external environment soil, so as to reduce the impact of the external soil environment on the soil environment at the plant rhizomes in the inner wall 300, thereby reducing the difficulty of controlling the soil environment in the inner wall 300; by using this device for planting, the volume of soil that needs to control the environmental quality is unified and reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of managing water, fertilizer, temperature and humidity in the soil near the rhizomes, improving the control accuracy of the soil environmental quality, improving the consistency of crops, facilitating the control of crop quality, and at the same time improving the efficiency of the use of pesticides and fertilizers, and avoiding the pollution of the external soil environment caused by excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers. Because universal wheels 110 are installed on the mobile chassis 100, the planting device can be moved more conveniently, making it easier to adjust the device's position as needed. The outer wall 200 of the planting device is made of a temperature-control material, and the inner wall 300 is made of a weather-resistant material. This allows the device to have stronger temperature-control and weather-resistance properties, allowing it to be used in more complex and harsh environments, thereby improving the plant's resistance to stress. The inner wall 300 is provided with air holes 310 and air ducts 320 connecting the air holes 310 to the outside. The soil in the cavity can bypass the outer wall 200 through the air holes 310 and air ducts 320 to ventilate with the external environment, thereby preventing the outer wall 200 from affecting the ventilation and air permeability of the soil in the cavity and affecting the growth of the plant. The device can plant plants without being restricted by the soil conditions at the planting site, and can be used to plant crops in hilly and mountainous areas, non-arable land, salinized soil and other areas, thereby improving land utilization rate; in areas with high groundwater levels, severe soil salinization or serious soil-borne diseases, the device can be used for planting and production, thereby achieving low-cost, high-yield and high-quality cultivation; the cultivation volume of the planting device is controlled, and it is also easy to achieve dwarfing and dense planting of fruit trees, which saves labor and is conducive to picking; the device can also physically isolate the soil through the outer wall 200, blocking the transmission path of soil-borne diseases.

[0035] Reference Figure 4 In this embodiment, in order to facilitate installation, the inner wall 300 is made of a flexible weather-resistant material, such as high-density polyethylene, and is fixed to the inner side of the outer wall 200 by bolts. In order to improve the physical strength of the flexible inner wall 300, a honeycomb-shaped reinforcement structure 330 is provided on both the front and back sides of the inner wall 300. The reinforcement structure 300 can be composed of a plurality of regular hexagonal bosses, grooves or ridge-shaped sub-units arranged closely. The honeycomb structure has the characteristics of high strength and stability, thereby further improving the physical strength of the inner wall 300, so that the device can still maintain relatively stable physical properties under complex environmental conditions, thereby increasing the service life of the device. Figure 5 and Figure 6In this embodiment, the reinforcement structure 330 on the side of the inner wall 300 facing the outer wall 200 is composed of a plurality of closely arranged regular hexagonal ridges 332, and the reinforcement structure 330 on the inner surface of the inner wall 300 is composed of a plurality of closely arranged regular hexagonal grooves 331. The positions of the plurality of regular hexagonal ridges 332 on both sides of the inner wall 300 correspond one to one with the positions of the plurality of regular hexagonal grooves 331, and an air hole 310 is provided at the center of each regular hexagonal groove. The air duct 320 can be a groove opened on the surface of the inner wall 300 or a pipe buried in the inner wall 300, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the multiple air holes 310 in each column are interconnected through a groove-shaped air passage 320 provided on the outer surface of the inner wall 300. The air inlet and the air outlet of each air passage 320 can be opened at corresponding positions on the outer wall 200. In this embodiment, the air inlet is preferably opened on the outer wall 200 at a position corresponding to the lower end of each air passage 320, and the air outlet is preferably opened on the outer wall 200 at a position corresponding to the upper end of each air passage 320. Figure 2 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the outer wall 200 is a cylindrical structure, and the inner wall 300 is provided with a vertical height gauge 340, which allows for intuitive observation of the soil height within the cavity. Based on the soil height, the soil bulk density in the device is accurately calculated, enabling rapid assessment of soil structure, air permeability, water permeability, and water retention. This also facilitates the precise placement of sensors in soil layers at different depths. The outer wall 200 is detachably attached to the mobile chassis 100 via a threaded connection, for example. The inner wall 300 is detachably attached to the inner side of the outer wall 200 via a threaded connection, for example. This facilitates plant root management and maintenance. When root pruning, soil replacement, or tree replacement is required, the outer wall 200 can be quickly disassembled, facilitating operation and reducing labor intensity and production costs. It also facilitates the removal of diseased trees grown in the field into the device, preventing pathogen transmission and improving disease prevention rates.

[0036] In some embodiments, to facilitate the replacement of solid fertilizer and improve the efficiency of fertilizer absorption by plant roots and stems, thereby increasing fertilizer utilization, a solid fertilizer quick-change bracket 400 is provided on the inner side of the inner wall 300. A solid fertilizer drawer 410 is slidably mounted within the bracket 400. The bracket 400 secures the drawer 410 to the inner side of the inner wall 300. The drawer 410 can slide vertically along the bracket 400. The sidewalls of the drawer 410 are provided with multiple through-holes to allow plant roots and stems to absorb the fertilizer within the drawer 410. Furthermore, when the drawer 410 is pulled out and pulled out during fertilizer replacement, the edges of the through-holes in the drawer 410 sever any roots that extend into the drawer 410, facilitating root management. Furthermore, a compost isolation rack 500 is provided on the mobile chassis 100 and is located within the inner wall 300. The inner sliding of the compost isolation rack 500 is provided with a compost drawer 510, and the compost drawer 510 can slide along the compost isolation rack 500 in the horizontal direction. The top surface of the compost isolation rack 500 is provided with a plurality of through holes, so that the rhizome of the plant extends into the compost drawer 510 and absorbs nutrients. In the same way, when replacing the fertilizer in the compost drawer 510, in the process of pulling out the compost drawer 510, the through hole edge on the compost isolation rack 500 can cooperate with the edge of the compost drawer 510, and the rhizome extending into the compost drawer 510 is cut off. During use, when monitoring the fertility of the soil and deviating from the suitable range required for plant growth, the compost drawer 510 and the solid fertilizer drawer 410 can be pulled outwards, thereby quickly changing and adding solid organic fertilizer.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 In this embodiment, four sets of solid fertilizer quick-change brackets 400 are provided inside the inner wall 300. The four sets of solid fertilizer quick-change brackets 400 are provided on the inner side of the inner wall 300 at intervals of 90 degrees, so that the fertility of the soil around the plant roots can be basically uniform. Figure 7 The solid fertilizer drawer 410 is a cylindrical container with an opening at the top for loading solid fertilizer. A handle is provided at the top of the solid fertilizer drawer 410 to facilitate pulling the solid fertilizer drawer 410 out of the solid fertilizer quick-change bracket 400. The side of the solid fertilizer drawer 410 facing the inner wall 300 is an arc surface that matches the inner wall 300 to fully utilize the space inside the inner wall 300. Figure 8 and Figure 9In this embodiment, the compost isolation rack 500 is an inverted U-shaped bracket. A mounting groove for mounting the compost isolation rack 500 is provided on the upper surface of the mobile chassis 100. The compost isolation rack 500 and the upper surface of the mobile chassis 100 form a channel that is just large enough for the compost drawer 510 to slide. Avoidance grooves for avoiding the compost drawer 510 are provided at corresponding positions on the outer wall 200 and the inner wall 300, facilitating the pulling and withdrawing of the compost drawer 510 from the compost isolation rack 500. The compost drawer 510 is also provided with a handle on its outward-facing surface.

[0038] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 9 In this embodiment, in order to prevent the accumulated liquid generated after irrigation or rainfall from accumulating at the bottom of the cavity and affecting the ventilation of the soil near the roots of the plants, the upper surface of the mobile chassis 100 is high on all sides and concave in the middle, and a drainage structure 120 is provided on the mobile chassis 100. One end of the drainage structure 120 is provided in the concave central area of the mobile chassis 100, and the other end extends to the outside of the outer wall 200. When there is accumulated liquid in the cavity, the accumulated liquid will, under the action of gravity, gather along the concave upper surface of the mobile chassis 100 to the central area of the mobile chassis 100, and be discharged to the outside through the drainage structure 120. It can be understood that the drainage structure 120 can be a sink or a drain pipe with a certain inclination angle. Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 9 In this embodiment, the drainage structure 120 uses a drainage pipe set in the mobile chassis 100. A water collection tank 121 is set in the central area of the upper surface of the mobile chassis 100. The accumulated liquid will be collected in the water collection tank 121 under the guidance of the depression. One end of the drainage pipe close to the central area of the mobile chassis 100 is connected to the water collection tank 121, and the other end passes through the mobile chassis 100 and protrudes from the edge of the mobile chassis 100. The height of the end of the drainage pipe connected to the water collection tank 121 is higher than the end protruding from the edge of the mobile chassis 100, so as to discharge the accumulated liquid collected in the water collection tank 121 to the outside. Figure 9 In this embodiment, the mobile chassis 100 is a disk body that is approximately square, and the four universal wheels 110 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the mobile chassis 100.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 10 In this embodiment, to further reduce the difficulty of controlling the soil quality within the cavity, prevent rainwater erosion, thereby protecting the soil structure and fertility, and isolate the propagation pathways of weed seeds, thereby preventing the growth of weeds within the cavity, a rain shielding device 700 is provided above the outer wall 200. The rain shielding device is provided with a seedling support hole for the seedling to extend, and a seedling support rod 710 is inserted into the seedling support hole. The rain shielding device 700 can cover the opening above the cavity to prevent rainwater from directly eroding the soil and prevent weed seeds from entering the cavity.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 10 In this embodiment, the rainproof device 700 includes multiple keels 702 and a rainproof cloth 701. The rainproof cloth 701 is fan-shaped, and the seedling supporting hole is opened in the central area of the rainproof cloth 701. The keels 702 are radially distributed on the rainproof cloth 701 at equal angles. The end of the keel 702 facing the seedling supporting hole is connected to the seedling supporting rod 710, and Velcro is provided at the edge of the rainproof cloth 701. During installation, the seedling supporting rod 710 can be inserted into the soil in the cavity first, and the seedling supporting rod 710 can be tied to the branches of the plant; then the branches of the plant can be passed through the gap of the tarpaulin 701 into the seedling supporting hole, and the end of the keel 702 facing the seedling supporting hole can be connected to the seedling supporting rod 710; finally, the Velcro at the edge of the tarpaulin 701 can be fitted to make the tarpaulin 701 a closed umbrella-like structure, and the outer end of the keel 702 can be placed on the edge of the outer wall 200 to achieve rain protection for the cavity and blocking of weed seeds.

[0041] In some embodiments, in order to further improve the control accuracy of the soil environment in the cavity, a drip irrigation device is provided in the inner wall 300, and the drip irrigation device is connected to the water and fertilizer supply system. In this embodiment, the drip irrigation device is a drip irrigation ring, which surrounds the branches of the plant and is arranged above the soil in the cavity to achieve uniform irrigation around the roots and stems of the plant. The water and fertilizer supply system includes a water and fertilizer integrated machine, which is connected to the water source and the water and fertilizer stock solution source, mixes water and water and fertilizer stock solution in a preset ratio into a water and fertilizer solution, and drips it into the soil through the drip irrigation ring. It is understandable that the water inlet and the water and fertilizer stock solution inlet of the water and fertilizer integrated machine should be provided with a proportional regulating device such as a proportional valve, a metering pump or a venturi tube to adjust the concentration of the water and fertilizer solution. A mesh or laminated filter is also required at the water inlet of the water and fertilizer integrated machine to prevent impurities in the reservoir or well water from entering the water and fertilizer integrated machine or clogging the pipeline.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 12In this embodiment, the AIoT system includes a power management module, a control module, a wireless communication module, a data acquisition module and a positioning module. The power management module is used to supply power to the control module, the wireless communication module, the data acquisition module and the positioning module. The wireless communication module, the data acquisition module and the positioning module are all electrically connected to the control module and controlled by the control module. A soil tension sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor and a soil conductivity sensor are provided in the soil of the inner wall 300 to monitor the state of the soil environment in the cavity. A three-axis acceleration sensor is provided on the outer wall 200 or the inner wall 300 to monitor the motion state of the device. The soil tension sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, the soil conductivity sensor and the three-axis acceleration sensor are all electrically connected to the data acquisition module to transmit the monitoring data to the control module through the data acquisition module. The control module can communicate with the cloud server through the wireless communication module, use the AI model built on the cloud to analyze the growth status of the plant, and provide an adjustment strategy to realize intelligent and digital control of the plant growth environment.

[0043] It is understood that the control module can adopt a PLC programmable controller or an MCU controller, and the data acquisition module is an expansion module that includes multiple analog input interfaces and supports multiple communication protocols such as Modbus protocol, Ethernet protocol, or bus protocol. The positioning module can adopt a Beidou positioning module or a GPS positioning module, and the wireless communication module can adopt a LoRa module, NB-IOT module, 4G module, or 5G module. The power management module includes a charge and discharge control circuit and a battery. In some embodiments, in order to further extend the power supply time of the device, the power management module may also include a photovoltaic panel and / or a small wind turbine to continuously charge the battery pack through solar or wind power generation, further improving the device's adaptability to harsh environments.

[0044] In this embodiment, to further improve the accuracy of controlling the soil environment within the cavity, a heating device and / or cooling device is provided on the inner wall 300 or outer wall 200. A drive control module is provided within the control box 600. The drive control module is electrically connected to the control module and controlled by the control module. The heating device and cooling device are electrically connected to the drive control module. In this embodiment, the heating device and cooling device utilize semiconductor cooling chips, which are located inside the inner wall 300 and in contact with the soil. When the temperature and humidity sensor detects that the soil temperature is above a preset range, the semiconductor cooling chip controls the polarity of the input power supply to operate in cooling mode, with the cold side facing the soil and the hot side facing the inner wall 300, thereby lowering the soil temperature to a desired range. When the soil temperature falls below the preset range, the drive control module changes the polarity of the input power supply to operate in heating mode, with the hot side facing the soil and the cold side facing the inner wall 300, thereby raising the soil temperature back to a desired range. Under the action of thermal pressure, the air holes 310 and the air ducts 320 on the inner wall 300 can quickly dissipate the heat or cold dissipated by the semiconductor refrigeration plate to the outside of the device through the circulating gas. At the same time, the semiconductor refrigeration plate controls the temperature of the soil in the cavity, creating a temperature difference between the inside and outside of the device, producing a chimney effect. Driven by thermal pressure, the air inside and outside can circulate along the vertical air ducts 320 and improve the ventilation effect of the device. It is understandable that the control valve or pump between the drip irrigation ring and the water and fertilizer integrated machine, and the proportional adjustment device or pump at the water and fertilizer stock liquid inlet of the water and fertilizer integrated machine are also electrically connected to the drive control module.

[0045] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11In some embodiments, in order to further improve the control accuracy of the soil environment in the cavity, the tarpaulin 701 can be automatically opened and closed under the drive of a driving mechanism. An annular inner slide rail 703 is provided at the seedling supporting hole of the tarpaulin 701, and an annular outer slide rail 704 is assumed to be provided above the outer wall 200. The inner and outer ends of the keel 702 are respectively provided with slide holes that match the diameters of the inner slide rail 703 and the outer slide rail 704. The inner and outer ends of the keel 702 can slide along the inner slide rail 703 and the outer slide rail 704 respectively. The first edge of the tarpaulin 701 is fixed on the inner slide rail 703 and the outer slide rail 704, and a controllable rail car is provided on the outer slide rail 704. The outer end of the second edge of the tarpaulin 701 is connected to the rail car and can be moved away from or close to the first edge of the tarpaulin 701 under the push of the rail car to realize the automatic opening and closing of the rain shielding device 700. The railcar's motor is electrically connected to the drive control module. A rain sensor can be installed on the outer wall 200 and electrically connected to the data acquisition module. The cloud-based AI model can adjust the opening of the rain shield 700 based on parameters such as soil temperature, rainfall, and soil moisture. This leverages natural temperature, sunlight, and precipitation to control the parameters of the soil environment within the device cavity, thereby reducing the power required to control the cavity environment and enabling the device to maintain self-sufficiency in electricity through solar or wind power for a longer period of time. For example, when soil moisture is low, tension is high, and the soil is dehydrated, the rain shield 701 can be opened at a certain angle to replenish some moisture through natural precipitation, thereby reducing the power required to drive the drip irrigation system and the integrated water and fertilizer machine. Alternatively, when soil temperature is low, the rain shield 701 can be opened at a certain angle to allow sunlight to help warm the soil within the cavity, thereby reducing the heat generated by the semiconductor cooler and the power required to drive it. It is understood that the drive control module is an expansion module with multiple IO interfaces and a pulse output port.

[0046] In some embodiments, the control box 600 is also provided with an electronic tag, which is a QR code or an RFID tag. The information in the electronic tag can be read by a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone to obtain the status information of the device, and when the fertilizer is replaced, the fertilizer replacement time, the replaced fertilizer parameters, etc. are written into the electronic tag to facilitate the recording of growth or maintenance information such as fertilizer replacement. In some embodiments, the control box 600 is also provided with an audible and visual alarm module, which is electrically connected to the control module. When the control module detects that the device is moving abnormally through the three-axis acceleration sensor, or detects that the soil tension, conductivity, or temperature and humidity parameters seriously deviate from the preset range, etc., the control sound and light alarm module is controlled to sound an alarm to remind the surrounding operators to deal with the abnormality in time.

[0047] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, if there are any descriptions of directions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., the directions or positional relationships indicated are all based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed or operate in a specific direction, and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. If there are descriptions of "first," "second," and so on, these are used solely to distinguish technical features and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0050] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and replacements made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, characterized in that: include: A mobile chassis (100) with universal wheels (110) mounted on the bottom; The outer wall (200) is made of a temperature-controlling material and is disposed on the mobile chassis (100), and together with the inner wall (300) forms a cavity capable of containing soil and limiting the growth of plant roots; An inner wall (300) is provided on the inner side of the outer wall (200), is made of a weather-resistant material, and is provided with a plurality of air holes (310), wherein the air holes (310) are connected to both sides of the inner wall (300), and a vertical air duct (320) is provided on the inner wall (300), wherein the air duct (320) connects the plurality of air holes (310) located in the same row, and the upper and lower ends of the air duct (320) are respectively connected to the outside through an air inlet and an air outlet; The AIoT system is arranged in a control box (600) on the outer wall (200) and is used for soil environment monitoring, data collection and processing, and edge decision control of the device in the cavity.

2. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: A solid fertilizer quick-change bracket (400) is provided on the inner side of the inner wall (300), and a solid fertilizer drawer (410) is slidably provided in the solid fertilizer quick-change bracket (400). A plurality of through holes are provided on the side wall of the solid fertilizer drawer (410), and the solid fertilizer drawer (410) can slide along the solid fertilizer quick-change bracket (400) in a vertical direction. When the solid fertilizer drawer (410) slides in the solid fertilizer quick-change bracket (400), the through holes of the solid fertilizer drawer (410) can cut off roots growing into the solid fertilizer drawer (410).

3. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: A compost isolation frame (500) is provided on the mobile chassis (100), the compost isolation frame (500) is provided in the inner wall (300), a top surface of the compost isolation frame (500) is provided with a plurality of through holes, a compost drawer (510) is provided inside the compost isolation frame (500) for sliding, the compost drawer (510) can slide along the compost isolation frame (500) in a horizontal direction, and when the compost drawer (510) slides in the compost isolation frame (500), the through holes of the compost isolation frame (500) can cut off roots growing into the compost drawer (510).

4. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: A honeycomb-shaped reinforcement structure (330) is provided on the inner surface and / or outer surface of the inner wall (300), a vertical height gauge (340) is provided on the inner surface of the inner wall (300), and the inner wall (300) is detachably mounted on the inner side of the outer wall (200) by means of a threaded connection.

5. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central area of the upper surface of the mobile chassis (100) is recessed downwards, and a drainage structure (120) is provided on the mobile chassis (100). One end of the drainage structure (120) is provided in the central area of the mobile chassis (100), and the other end of the drainage structure (120) is communicated with the outside.

6. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AIoT system includes a power management module, a control module, a wireless communication module, a data acquisition module and a positioning module. The power management module is used to supply power to the control module, the wireless communication module, the data acquisition module and the positioning module. The wireless communication module, the data acquisition module and the positioning module are all electrically connected to the control module. A soil tension sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor and a soil conductivity sensor are provided in the soil of the inner wall (300). A three-axis acceleration sensor is provided on the outer wall (200) or the inner wall (300). The soil tension sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, the soil conductivity sensor and the three-axis acceleration sensor are all electrically connected to the data acquisition module.

7. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 6, characterized in that: A heating device and a cooling device are provided on the inner wall (300) or the outer wall (200), and a drive control module is further provided in the control box (600). The drive control module is electrically connected to the control module, and the heating device and the cooling device are both electrically connected to the drive control module.

8. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control box (600) is also provided with an electronic tag.

9. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 7, characterized in that: A drip irrigation device is provided in the inner wall (300), the drip irrigation device is electrically connected to the drive control module, and the drip irrigation device is communicated with a water and fertilizer supply system.

10. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rain shielding device (700) is provided above the outer wall (200), and a seedling support hole for allowing a seedling to extend is provided in the middle of the rain shielding device (700), and a seedling support rod (710) is inserted into the seedling support hole.

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