Stress deformation monitoring system and method for integral hoisting of large-span steel structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of stress deformation monitoring of integral hoisting of a steel structure, in particular to a stress deformation monitoring system and method for integral hoisting of a large-span steel structure, a hoisting sling is connected with a hoisting point on the steel structure through a left hoisting rope and a right hoisting rope to realize hoisting, and the upper sides of the left hoisting rope and the right hoisting rope are broken and connected by a telescopic oil cylinder; the telescopic oil cylinder comprises an oil column, the inner side of the oil column is slidably connected with a piston, the top end of the piston is fixedly connected with an inner column, the outer side of the inner column is slidably connected with the inner side of the top end of the oil column, the upper side and the lower side of the piston are an upper oil chamber and a lower oil chamber respectively, the two lower oil chambers are communicated through soft oil pipes, and the two upper oil chambers are communicated with the recognition box through soft oil pipes. According to the device, eccentric loads can be effectively reminded and avoided, the effect of sensing overall and local deformation of a steel structure is achieved, the device is arranged on the upper side of the left lifting rope and the upper side of the right lifting rope, and in the lifting process, loads borne by the left lifting rope and the right lifting rope are compared and displayed through sliding of an oil rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of stress and deformation monitoring for integral hoisting of steel structures, and in particular to a stress and deformation monitoring system and method for integral hoisting of large-span steel structures. Background Art

[0002] Steel structures have been widely used in various types of buildings since their inception due to their excellent stress-bearing performance, light weight and high strength, stable performance, good weldability, easy connection, simple manufacturing, and short construction period.

[0003] In order to improve the safety of the structure and reduce the amount of high-altitude work, the overall hoisting method is usually used for installation and construction. The overall hoisting method refers to the construction method in which the structure is installed in place using cranes, hoists and other lifting equipment after it is assembled on the ground. Figure 1 shown.

[0004] In the actual hoisting process, the construction units often fail to plan the hoisting plan carefully, control the hoisting procedure improperly, etc., which causes the hoisting structure to inevitably bear eccentric loads, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, such eccentric loads may cause great safety hazards during the hoisting process. Therefore, for steel structure buildings, it is necessary to consider not only the stress and deformation during normal use, but also the safety analysis during the construction stage and the hoisting process.

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a stress deformation monitoring system and method for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures are proposed. The system can clearly point out the direction of load eccentricity during the lifting process through a simple structure, sense the overall deformation degree of the steel structure, and make timely corrections when the load is excessively eccentric. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a stress deformation monitoring system and method for the overall hoisting of large-span steel structures, which can effectively remind and avoid eccentric loads and sense the overall and local deformation of the steel structure.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a stress deformation monitoring system for the integral lifting of a large-span steel structure, comprising a lifting sling, wherein the lifting sling is connected to a lifting point on the steel structure via a left lifting rope and a right lifting rope to achieve lifting, wherein the upper sides of the left lifting rope and the right lifting rope are both interrupted and connected by a telescopic oil cylinder, wherein the telescopic oil cylinder comprises an oil column, wherein the inner side of the oil column is slidably connected to a piston, the top end of the piston is fixedly connected to an inner column, the outer side of the inner column is slidably connected to the inner side of the top end of the oil column, the upper and lower sides of the piston are respectively an upper oil chamber and a lower oil chamber, wherein the two lower oil chambers are connected via a soft oil pipe, and the two upper oil chambers are both connected to an identification box via a soft oil pipe;

[0008] The inner side of the identification box includes a left cavity and a right cavity. The middle of the identification box is solid. The left cavity is connected to the upper oil chamber on the left, and the right cavity is connected to the upper oil chamber on the right. An oil rod is slidably connected to the inside of the identification box. Both ends of the oil rod are fixedly connected to a connecting plate. A second spring is provided on the outside of the oil rod. The two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate and the middle inner side of the identification box. When there is an overload on either side of the left or right lifting rope, the oil rod will slide. The sliding distance represents the amount of overload, thereby realizing force monitoring.

[0009] The present invention monitors the deformation of the steel structure by monitoring the left and right lifting ropes of the supporting steel structure. In the present invention, the lower oil chamber, the upper oil chamber, the left cavity and the right cavity are all filled with hydraulic oil;

[0010] The present invention can effectively remind and avoid eccentric loads, and plays a role in sensing the overall and local deformation of the steel structure. The present invention is arranged on the upper sides of the left and right lifting ropes. During the lifting process, the loads borne by the left and right lifting ropes are compared and displayed through the sliding of the oil rod. In the initial state, the second spring is not in a yielding state. When an eccentric load appears on either side of the left and right lifting ropes, the oil rod will slide. When the load difference between the two sides is greater, the elastic force provided by the more compressed or stretched the second spring is greater, and the load difference can more effectively push the oil rod to move, that is, the sliding distance represents the size of the eccentric load, thereby realizing force monitoring and identification.

[0011] For example, when the load on the right hoist rope is too large, the tension between the oil column on the right hoist rope and the inner column is greater than the tension between the oil column on the left hoist rope and the inner column. At this time, the oil in the upper oil chamber on the right side will be squeezed to the upper oil chamber on the other side, causing the oil rod to slide to the left, realizing eccentric load monitoring. The oil in the lower oil chamber on the corresponding side will be compensated by the lower oil chamber on the other side.

[0012] As a stress deformation monitoring system preferably used for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures, a second displacement point is fixedly connected to the middle position of the oil rod, and a second displacement sensor is fixedly connected to the middle position of the identification box. The second displacement point slides on the second displacement sensor, and the movement direction and position of the oil rod are obtained by obtaining the position of the second displacement point.

[0013] As a preferred stress and deformation monitoring system for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures, the middle position of the oil rod is solid, and the rest of the position is hollow. Outlet holes are respectively opened on both sides of the middle of the oil rod. In the initial position, the outlet holes are blocked by the inside of the identification box. After the connecting plate moves to the extreme position to one side, the outlet holes on the same side can emerge from the inside of the identification box, connecting the left cavity and the right cavity. On the side with larger load, the oil in the upper oil chamber on the corresponding side will flow to the upper oil chamber on the other side, and the oil in the lower oil chamber on the corresponding side will be compensated by the lower oil chamber on the other side.

[0014] The present invention can not only identify the direction and amount of eccentric load, but also correct the eccentric load. When the eccentric load is too large, as the oil boom moves until the connecting plate moves to one side to the limit position, the outlet hole on the same side can emerge from the interior of the identification box, connecting the left and right chambers, so that the left and right lifting ropes can be compensated in length, thereby correcting the eccentric load.

[0015] If the right side is too heavy, the left lifting rope can be lengthened to shift the center of gravity of the steel structure to the left, thus correcting the eccentric load.

[0016] As a stress deformation monitoring system for the integral hoisting of large-span steel structures, preferably, the outlet holes are arranged in a triangular shape, and the smaller they are as they get closer to the middle of the oil rod.

[0017] Under the above settings, when the outlet hole just emerges from the inside of the identification box, the connectivity of the outlet hole is small, so a slow correction is achieved to avoid excessive fluctuations in the steel structure.

[0018] When all the outlet holes emerge quickly from the identification box, the surface load difference is very large, and the connectivity of the outlet holes increases rapidly, achieving faster correction and avoiding unsafe factors caused by excessive load difference on the left and right sides during steel structure hoisting.

[0019] As a preferred stress deformation monitoring system for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures, a slip ring is slidably provided on the inner middle side of the identification box, an electromagnet is fixedly connected to the inner side of the slip ring, and a baffle is slidably connected to the inner side of the slip ring through a fixed frame. The baffle can be extended and retracted up and down by means of the electromagnet, the top of the baffle is made of magnetic material, and the bottom is tilted. By sliding the slip ring and coordinating the up and down extension of the baffle, the baffle can be inserted between different positions of the second spring to change the effective action length of the second spring, thereby changing the stiffness coefficient of the effective functional section of the second spring to adapt to steel structures of different weights. The sliding range of the slip ring does not exceed the blocking surface of the exit hole.

[0020] Under the above settings, the effective action length of the second spring is changed by sliding the slip ring and cooperating with the up and down extension of the barrier rod, thereby changing the stiffness coefficient of the effective functional section of the second spring, so as to match different sensitivities. When facing a heavy steel structure, you can choose to move the slip ring to the side away from the center of the identification box. At this time, the effective functional section of the second spring is reduced, the stiffness coefficient of the effective functional section of the second spring is increased, and the elastic force or tension on the connecting plate is increased, which can reduce the sensitivity of overload identification and correction; when facing a light steel structure, you can choose to move the slip ring to the side close to the center of the identification box. At this time, the effective functional section of the second spring is increased, the stiffness coefficient of the effective functional section of the second spring is reduced, and the elastic force or tension on the connecting plate is reduced, which can increase the sensitivity of overload identification and correction;

[0021] As a preferred stress deformation monitoring system for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures, a motor is fixedly connected to the inner side of the identification box, a screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, the outer side of the screw is spirally connected to the inner side of the slip ring, and the position of the slip ring is changed by the rotation of the motor.

[0022] As a preferred stress and deformation monitoring system for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures, a distance detection rod is connected between the top ends of the two inner columns through a rotating ball. After the left and right lifting ropes are stretched straight by force, the length of the distance detection rod is recorded as the initial length. During the lifting and transfer process, the change in the length of the distance detection rod can reflect the change in the straight-line distance between the two lifting points, thereby linearly reflecting the overall deflection deformation during the lifting process of the steel structure.

[0023] During the lifting process, the steel structure may be affected by wind loads and long-term local stress, which may cause deflection and deformation. The present invention reflects the change in the straight-line distance between the two lifting points by detecting the change in the distance between the left and right lifting ropes at the upper part, thereby linearly reflecting the overall deflection and deformation of the steel structure during the lifting process.

[0024] As a stress deformation monitoring system for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures, strain gauges are preferably attached to the lifting points and middle positions of the steel structure to obtain the local deformation of the steel structure, and the data of the strain gauges are sent through a wireless transmitter.

[0025] As a stress deformation monitoring system for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures, preferably, the distance detection rod includes an outer rod, the inner side of the outer rod is slidably connected to the inner rod, one end of the inner rod inside the outer rod is fixedly connected to a pulley, the inner side of one end of the outer rod is fixedly connected to a pull rope, the lower side of the outer rod is slidably connected to a slider through a slide groove, a first spring is fixedly connected between the slider and the inner side of one end of the outer rod, there is a damping force between the inner rod and the outer rod that is sufficient to counteract the first spring, and the other end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to the slider after passing around the pulley;

[0026] A first displacement point is fixedly connected to the inner side of the slider, and a first displacement sensor is fixedly connected to the inner side of the bottom end of the outer rod. The first displacement point slides on the first displacement sensor, and the length change of the distance detection rod is obtained through the first displacement point. The setting of the movable pulley is used to play the role of slider movement increment to ensure the sensitivity of length detection.

[0027] Because the distance between the left and right slings changes very slightly at the top, the incremental action of the movable pulley can increase the movement of the slider, making it easier to capture the length change. The present invention provides one set of movable pulleys, and multiple sets of movable pulleys can also be provided to increase the movement of the slider.

[0028] A method for monitoring stress and deformation during the overall hoisting of a large-span steel structure comprises the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: Connect the left and right lifting ropes to the lifting points on the steel structure respectively;

[0030] Step 2: After the personnel have evacuated to a safe area, the crane begins operation. During the lifting and transfer process, the change in the length of the distance detection rod can reflect the change in the straight-line distance between the two lifting points, thereby linearly reflecting the overall deflection deformation of the steel structure during the lifting process;

[0031] Step 3: Strain gauges placed at the lifting points and the middle of the steel structure are used to obtain the local deformation of the steel structure;

[0032] Step 4: When subjected to wind loads, differences in elasticity between the left and right suspension ropes, or uneven gravity on the steel structure, there will be differences in the forces acting on the left and right suspension ropes. When there is an eccentric load on either side of the left or right suspension rope, the boom will slide. The sliding distance represents the magnitude of the eccentric load, enabling force monitoring.

[0033] Step 5: When the eccentric load in step 4 is too large, the connecting plate will move to one side to the extreme position, and the outlet hole on the same side will be able to emerge from the inside of the identification box, connecting the left cavity and the right cavity. On the side with a larger load, the oil in the upper oil chamber on the corresponding side will flow to the upper oil chamber on the other side, and the oil in the lower oil chamber on the corresponding side will be compensated by the lower oil chamber on the other side to balance the load.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. The force and deformation monitoring system for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures realizes the monitoring of the deformation of the steel structure by monitoring the left and right lifting ropes that support the steel structure. In the present invention, the lower oil chamber, the upper oil chamber, the left cavity and the right cavity are all filled with hydraulic oil. The present invention can effectively remind and avoid eccentric loads, and play a role in sensing the overall and local deformation of the steel structure. The present invention is arranged on the upper sides of the left and right lifting ropes. During the lifting process, the loads borne by the left and right lifting ropes are compared and displayed through the sliding of the oil rod. In the initial state, the second spring is not in a yield state. When an eccentric load appears on either side of the left and right lifting ropes, the oil rod will slide. When the load difference between the two sides is greater, the greater the elastic force provided by the compression or extension of the second spring, the more the load difference can push the oil rod to move, that is, the sliding distance represents the size of the eccentric load, thereby realizing force monitoring and identification.

[0036] 2. This stress and deformation monitoring system is used for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures. For example, when the load on the right lifting rope is too large, the tension between the oil column on the right lifting rope and the inner column is greater than the tension between the oil column on the left lifting rope and the inner column. At this time, the oil in the upper oil chamber on the right side will be squeezed toward the upper oil chamber on the other side, causing the oil rod to slide to the left, realizing eccentric load monitoring. The oil in the lower oil chamber on the corresponding side will be compensated by the lower oil chamber on the other side.

[0037] 3. The stress deformation monitoring system for the integral lifting of large-span steel structures can not only identify the direction and amount of off-load, but also correct the off-load. When the off-load is too large, as the oil rod moves, until the connecting plate moves to one side to the extreme position, the outlet hole on the same side can emerge from the inside of the identification box, connecting the left cavity and the right cavity, so that the left and right lifting ropes can be compensated in length, thereby correcting the off-load. For example, when the right side is too heavy, the center of gravity of the steel structure can be shifted to the left by lengthening the left lifting rope, thereby correcting the off-load.

[0038] 4. The stress deformation monitoring system used for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures has triangular holes, which become smaller as they are closer to the middle of the oil rod. When the holes just emerge from the identification box, the connectivity of the holes is small, which enables slow correction to avoid excessive fluctuations in the steel structure. When the holes quickly emerge from the identification box, the surface load difference is very large, and the connectivity of the holes increases rapidly, which enables faster correction to avoid unsafe factors caused by excessive load differences on the left and right sides during steel structure lifting.

[0039] 5. The force deformation monitoring system for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures changes the effective action length of the second spring by sliding the slip ring and coordinating the up and down extension of the barrier rod, thereby changing the stiffness coefficient of the effective functional section of the second spring to match different sensitivities. When facing a heavy steel structure, you can choose to move the slip ring to the side away from the center of the identification box. At this time, the effective functional section of the second spring is reduced, the stiffness coefficient of the effective functional section of the second spring is increased, and the elastic force or tension on the connecting plate is increased, which can reduce the sensitivity of overload identification and correction; when facing a light steel structure, you can choose to move the slip ring to the side close to the center of the identification box. At this time, the effective functional section of the second spring is increased, the stiffness coefficient of the effective functional section of the second spring is reduced, and the elastic force or tension on the connecting plate is reduced, which can increase the sensitivity of overload identification and correction.

[0040] 6. This stress deformation monitoring system for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures may cause deflection of the steel structure during the lifting process due to the influence of wind loads and long-term local stress. The present invention reflects the change in the straight-line distance between the two lifting points by detecting the change in the distance between the left and right lifting ropes at the upper part, thereby linearly reflecting the overall deflection deformation of the steel structure during the lifting process.

[0041] 7. This stress deformation monitoring system for the overall lifting of large-span steel structures has a very slight change in the distance between the left and right lifting ropes at the top. The incremental action of the movable pulley can increase the movement of the slider, making it easier to capture the length change. The present invention provides a set of movable pulleys, and multiple sets of movable pulleys can be provided to increase the movement of the slider. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the existing steel structure during overall hoisting;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the eccentric load during the overall hoisting of the existing steel structure;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steel structure of the present invention when it is hoisted as a whole;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the telescopic oil cylinder and identification box of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the identification box in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A;

[0048] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the recognition box of the present invention in the initial, recognition and correction stages;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance and cross-sectional structure of the oil rod of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the identification box in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B;

[0052] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the distance detection rod in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 The enlarged structural diagram at C in FIG.

[0054] In the picture:

[0055] 1. Lifting device; 2. Left lifting rope; 3. Right lifting rope; 4. Lifting point; 5. Steel structure; 6. Strain gauge; 7. Telescopic oil cylinder; 8. Distance detection rod; 9. Identification box;

[0056] 71. Oil column; 72. Piston; 73. Lower oil chamber; 74. Upper oil chamber; 75. Inner column;

[0057] 81. Outer rod; 82. Inner rod; 83. Pull rope; 84. First spring; 85. First displacement sensor; 86. Slider; 87. First displacement point; 88. Rotating ball; 89. Pulley;

[0058] 91. Left cavity; 92. Right cavity; 93. Connecting plate; 94. Oil rod; 95. Second spring; 96. Second displacement sensor; 97. Second displacement point; 98. Exit hole; 99. Motor; 910. Screw; 911. Slip ring; 912. Stop rod; 913. Electromagnet; 914. Fixing bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Example 1, please refer to Figure 3-8 The present invention provides a technical solution, a stress deformation monitoring system for the integral lifting of a large-span steel structure, comprising a lifting sling 1, wherein the lifting sling 1 is connected to a lifting point 4 on a steel structure 5 by a left lifting rope 2 and a right lifting rope 3 to achieve lifting, and the upper sides of the left lifting rope 2 and the right lifting rope 3 are both interrupted and connected by a telescopic oil cylinder 7, and the telescopic oil cylinder 7 comprises an oil column 71, the inner side of the oil column 71 is slidably connected to a piston 72, the top end of the piston 72 is fixedly connected to an inner column 75, the outer side of the inner column 75 is slidably connected to the inner side of the top end of the oil column 71, and the upper and lower sides of the piston 72 are an upper oil chamber 74 and a lower oil chamber 73 respectively, the two lower oil chambers 73 are connected by a soft oil pipe, and the two upper oil chambers 74 are both connected to the identification box 9 through the soft oil pipe;

[0061] The inner side of the identification box 9 includes a left cavity 91 and a right cavity 92. The middle of the identification box 9 is solid. The left cavity 91 is connected to the upper oil chamber 74 on the left, and the right cavity 92 is connected to the upper oil chamber 74 on the right. An oil rod 94 is slidably connected to the inside of the identification box 9. Both ends of the oil rod 94 are fixedly connected to a connecting plate 93. A second spring 95 is provided on the outside of the oil rod 94. The two ends of the second spring 95 are respectively fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate 93 and the middle inner side of the identification box 9. When an overload occurs on either side of the left lifting rope 2 or the right lifting rope 3, the oil rod 94 will slide. The sliding distance represents the amount of overload, thereby realizing force monitoring.

[0062] The present invention monitors the deformation of the steel structure 5 by monitoring the left and right lifting ropes 2 and 3 supporting the steel structure 5. In the present invention, the lower oil chamber 73, the upper oil chamber 74, the left chamber 91 and the right chamber 92 are all filled with hydraulic oil;

[0063] The present invention can effectively remind and avoid eccentric loads, and plays a role in sensing the overall and local deformation of the steel structure. The present invention is arranged on the upper side of the left lifting rope 2 and the right lifting rope 3. During the lifting process, the loads borne by the left lifting rope 2 and the right lifting rope 3 are compared and displayed through the sliding of the oil rod 94. In the initial state, the second spring 95 is not in a yielding state. When an eccentric load appears on either side of the left lifting rope 2 and the right lifting rope 3, the oil rod 94 will slide. When the load difference between the two sides is greater, the elastic force provided by the compression or extension of the second spring 95 is greater, and the load difference can push the oil rod 94 to move more. That is, the sliding distance represents the size of the eccentric load, thereby realizing force monitoring and identification.

[0064] For example, when the right lifting rope 3 is overloaded, the tension between the oil column 71 on the right lifting rope 3 and the inner column 75 is greater than the tension between the oil column 71 on the left lifting rope 2 and the inner column 75. At this time, the oil in the upper oil chamber 74 on the right side will be squeezed toward the upper oil chamber 74 on the other side, causing the oil rod 94 to slide to the left, realizing eccentric load monitoring. The oil in the lower oil chamber 73 on the corresponding side will be compensated by the lower oil chamber 73 on the other side.

[0065] Specifically, a second displacement point 97 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the oil rod 94, and a second displacement sensor 96 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the identification box 9. The second displacement point 97 slides on the second displacement sensor 96, and the movement direction and position of the oil rod 94 are obtained by obtaining the position of the second displacement point 97.

[0066] Specifically, the middle position of the oil rod 94 is solid, and the rest of the positions are hollow. Outlet holes 98 are respectively provided on both sides of the middle of the oil rod 94. In the initial position, the outlet hole 98 is blocked by the inside of the identification box 9. After the connecting plate 93 moves to the extreme position to one side, the outlet hole 98 on the same side can emerge from the inside of the identification box 9, connecting the left cavity 91 and the right cavity 92. On the side with a larger load, the oil in the upper oil chamber 74 on the corresponding side will flow to the upper oil chamber 74 on the other side, and the oil in the lower oil chamber 73 on the corresponding side will be compensated by the lower oil chamber 73 on the other side.

[0067] The present invention can not only identify the direction and amount of eccentric load, but also correct the eccentric load. When the eccentric load is too large, as the oil rod 94 moves until the connecting plate 93 moves to the extreme position on one side, the outlet hole 98 on the same side can emerge from the interior of the identification box 9, connecting the left cavity 91 and the right cavity 92, so that the length of the left and right lifting ropes 2 and 3 can be compensated, thereby correcting the eccentric load.

[0068] If the right side is too heavy, the left suspension rope 2 is lengthened to shift the center of gravity of the steel structure 5 to the left, thus correcting the eccentric load.

[0069] Specifically, the outlet hole 98 is arranged in a triangular shape, and becomes smaller as it approaches the middle position of the oil rod 94 .

[0070] Under the above setting, when the outlet hole 98 just emerges from the interior of the identification box 9, the communication volume of the outlet hole 98 is small, so a slow correction is achieved to avoid excessive fluctuations of the steel structure 5;

[0071] When the outlet holes 98 all emerge quickly from the interior of the identification box 9, the surface load difference is very large at this time, and the connectivity of the outlet holes 98 increases rapidly, achieving a faster correction, avoiding the unsafe factors caused by the large load difference on the left and right sides when the steel structure 5 is hoisted;

[0072] Specifically, strain gauges 6 are attached to the suspension point 4 and the middle position of the steel structure 5 to obtain the local deformation of the steel structure 5. The data of the strain gauges 6 are sent through a wireless transmitter.

[0073] Example 2: This example is a further improvement of Example 1. Figure 3-10 A slip ring 911 is slidingly arranged on the inner side of the middle of the identification box 9, and an electromagnet 913 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the slip ring 911. A baffle 912 is also slidably connected to the inner side of the slip ring 911 through a fixed frame 914. The baffle 912 can be extended and retracted up and down by relying on the electromagnet 913. The top of the baffle 912 is made of magnetic material, and the bottom is tilted. By sliding the slip ring 911 and coordinating the up and down extension of the baffle 912, the baffle 912 can be inserted between different positions of the second spring 95, changing the effective action length of the second spring 95, thereby changing the stiffness coefficient of the effective functional section of the second spring 95 to adapt to steel structures 5 of different weights. The sliding range of the slip ring 911 does not exceed the blocking surface of the outlet hole 98.

[0074] Under the above setting, the effective action length of the second spring 95 is changed by sliding the slip ring 911 and coordinating the upward and downward extension of the blocking rod 912, thereby changing the stiffness coefficient of the effective functional section of the second spring 95, so as to match different sensitivities. When facing a heavy steel structure, the slip ring can be moved to the side away from the center of the identification box. At this time, the effective functional section of the second spring 95 is reduced, the stiffness coefficient of the effective functional section of the second spring 95 is increased, and the elastic force or tension on the connecting plate is increased, which can reduce the sensitivity of unbalanced load identification and correction; when facing a light steel structure, the slip ring can be moved to the side close to the center of the identification box. At this time, the effective functional section of the second spring 95 is increased, the stiffness coefficient of the effective functional section of the second spring 95 is reduced, and the elastic force or tension on the connecting plate is reduced, which can increase the sensitivity of unbalanced load identification and correction;

[0075] Specifically, a motor 99 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the identification box 9, a screw 910 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 99, the outer side of the screw 910 is spirally connected to the inner side of the slip ring 911, and the position of the slip ring 911 is changed by the rotation of the motor 99.

[0076] Example 3: This example is a further improvement of Example 1. Figure 3-12 The top ends of the two inner columns 75 are connected to a distance detection rod 8 by a rotating ball 88. After the left lifting rope 2 and the right lifting rope 3 are stretched and straightened, the length of the distance detection rod 8 is recorded as the initial length. During the lifting and transfer process, the change in the length of the distance detection rod 8 can reflect the change in the straight-line distance between the two lifting points 4, thereby linearly reflecting the overall deflection deformation of the steel structure 5 during the lifting process.

[0077] During the lifting process, the steel structure 5 may be subject to deflection due to the influence of wind loads and long-term local stress. The present invention reflects the change in the straight-line distance between the two lifting points 4 by detecting the change in the distance between the left and right lifting ropes 2 and 3 at the upper portion, thereby linearly reflecting the overall deflection of the steel structure 5 during the lifting process.

[0078] Specifically, the distance detection rod 8 includes an outer rod 81, the inner side of the outer rod 81 is slidably connected to the inner rod 82, one end of the inner rod 82 inside the outer rod 81 is fixedly connected to a pulley 89, the inner side of one end of the outer rod 81 is fixedly connected to a pull rope 83, the lower side of the outer rod 81 is slidably connected to a slider 86 through a slide groove, a first spring 84 is fixedly connected between the slider 86 and the inner side of one end of the outer rod 81, and there is a damping force between the inner rod 82 and the outer rod 81 that is sufficient to counteract the first spring 84. The other end of the pull rope 83 is fixedly connected to the slider 86 after passing through the pulley 89;

[0079] A first displacement point 87 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the slider 86, and a first displacement sensor 85 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the bottom end of the outer rod 81. The first displacement point 87 slides on the first displacement sensor 85, and the length change of the distance detection rod 8 is obtained through the first displacement point 87. The setting of the movable pulley is used to play the role of the movement increment of the slider 86 to ensure the sensitivity of the length detection.

[0080] Because the distance change between the left and right suspension ropes 2 and 3 at the upper part is very slight, the movement of the slider 86 can be increased by the incremental action of the movable pulley, which facilitates the capture of the length change. The present invention provides a set of movable pulleys, and multiple sets of movable pulleys can be provided to increase the movement of the slider 86.

[0081] A method for monitoring stress and deformation during the overall hoisting of a large-span steel structure comprises the following steps:

[0082] Step 1: Connect the left and right lifting ropes 2 and 3 to the lifting points 4 on the steel structure 5 respectively;

[0083] Step 2: After the personnel have evacuated to a safe area, the crane starts operating. During the lifting and transfer process, the change in the length of the distance detection rod 8 can reflect the change in the straight-line distance between the two lifting points 4, thereby linearly reflecting the overall deflection deformation of the steel structure 5 during the lifting process;

[0084] Step 3: The strain gauges 6 attached to the suspension point 4 and the middle of the steel structure 5 are used to obtain the local deformation of the steel structure 5;

[0085] Step 4: When subjected to wind loads, differences in elasticity between the left and right suspension ropes 2 and 3, or uneven gravity on the steel structure 5, the forces acting on the left and right suspension ropes 2 and 3 will differ. When an eccentric load appears on either side of the left or right suspension rope 2 or 3, the boom 94 will slide. The distance of the slide represents the amount of eccentric load, thus enabling force monitoring.

[0086] Step 5: When the unbalanced load in step 4 is too large, the connecting plate 93 will move to one side to the extreme position, and the outlet hole 98 on the same side will be able to emerge from the interior of the identification box 9, connecting the left cavity 91 and the right cavity 92. On the side with a larger load, the oil in the upper oil chamber 74 on the corresponding side will flow to the upper oil chamber 74 on the other side, and the oil in the lower oil chamber 73 on the corresponding side will be compensated by the lower oil chamber 73 on the other side to balance the load.

[0087] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A stress deformation monitoring system for integrally hoisting a large-span steel structure, comprising a lifting sling (1), wherein the lifting sling (1) is connected to a lifting point (4) on a steel structure (5) via a left hoisting rope (2) and a right hoisting rope (3) to achieve hoisting, and is characterized in that: The upper sides of the left lifting rope (2) and the right lifting rope (3) are both interrupted and connected by a telescopic oil cylinder (7). The telescopic oil cylinder (7) includes an oil column (71). The inner side of the oil column (71) is slidably connected to a piston (72). The top end of the piston (72) is fixedly connected to an inner column (75). The outer side of the inner column (75) is slidably connected to the inner side of the top end of the oil column (71). The upper and lower sides of the piston (72) are respectively an upper oil chamber (74) and a lower oil chamber (73). The two lower oil chambers (73) are connected to each other through a soft oil pipe. The two upper oil chambers (74) are both connected to the identification box (9) through the soft oil pipe. The inner side of the identification box (9) includes a left cavity (91) and a right cavity (92). The middle of the identification box (9) is solid. The left cavity (91) is connected to the upper oil chamber (74) on the left side, and the right cavity (92) is connected to the upper oil chamber (74) on the right side. The inner side of the identification box (9) is slidably connected with an oil rod (94). Both ends of the oil rod (94) are fixedly connected to a connecting plate (93). A second spring (95) is provided on the outer side of the oil rod (94). Both ends of the second spring (95) are fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate (93) and the middle inner side of the identification box (9). When an eccentric load occurs on either side of the left hoisting rope (2) or the right hoisting rope (3), the oil rod (94) will slide. The sliding distance represents the size of the eccentric load, thereby realizing force monitoring.

2. The stress deformation monitoring system for integral hoisting of large-span steel structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A second displacement point (97) is fixedly connected to the middle position of the oil rod (94), and a second displacement sensor (96) is fixedly connected to the middle position of the identification box (9). The second displacement point (97) slides on the second displacement sensor (96), and the movement direction and position of the oil rod (94) are obtained by obtaining the position of the second displacement point (97).

3. The stress deformation monitoring system for integral hoisting of large-span steel structures according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The middle position of the oil rod (94) is solid, and the rest of the positions are hollow. Outlet holes (98) are respectively opened at the middle and two sides of the oil rod (94). In the initial position, the outlet holes (98) are blocked by the inside of the identification box (9). After the connecting plate (93) moves to one side to the extreme position, the outlet holes (98) on the same side can emerge from the inside of the identification box (9), connecting the left cavity (91) and the right cavity (92). On the side with a larger load, the oil in the upper oil chamber (74) on the corresponding side will flow to the upper oil chamber (74) on the other side, and the oil in the lower oil chamber (73) on the corresponding side will be compensated by the lower oil chamber (73) on the other side.

4. The stress deformation monitoring system for integral hoisting of large-span steel structures according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The outlet hole (98) is arranged in a triangular shape, and becomes smaller as it approaches the middle position of the oil rod (94).

5. The stress deformation monitoring system for integral hoisting of a large-span steel structure according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: A slip ring (911) is slidably mounted on the inner side of the identification box (9), and an electromagnet (913) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the slip ring (911). A baffle rod (912) is slidably mounted on the inner side of the slip ring (911) through a fixed frame (914). The baffle rod (912) can be extended and retracted up and down by relying on the electromagnet (913). The top end of the baffle rod (912) is made of magnetic material, and the bottom end is inclined. By sliding the slip ring (911) and coordinating the up and down extension of the baffle rod (912), the baffle rod (912) can be inserted between different positions of the second spring (95), thereby changing the effective action length of the second spring (95), thereby changing the stiffness coefficient of the effective functional section of the second spring (95) to adapt to steel structures (5) of different weights. The sliding range of the slip ring (911) does not exceed the shielding surface of the outlet hole (98).

6. The stress deformation monitoring system for integral hoisting of large-span steel structures according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The inner side of the identification box (9) is fixedly connected to a motor (99), the output end of the motor (99) is fixedly connected to a screw (910), the outer side of the screw (910) is spirally connected to the inner side of the slip ring (911), and the position of the slip ring (911) is changed by the rotation of the motor (99).

7. The stress deformation monitoring system for integral hoisting of a large-span steel structure according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: A distance detection rod (8) is rotatably connected between the top ends of the two inner columns (75) via a rotating ball (88). After the left hoisting rope (2) and the right hoisting rope (3) are stretched, the length of the distance detection rod (8) is recorded as the initial length. During the lifting and transfer process, the change in the length of the distance detection rod (8) can reflect the change in the straight-line distance between the two lifting points (4), thereby linearly reflecting the overall deflection deformation of the steel structure (5) during the lifting process.

8. The stress deformation monitoring system for integral hoisting of a large-span steel structure according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: Strain gauges (6) are attached to the suspension point (4) and the middle position of the steel structure (5) to obtain the local deformation of the steel structure (5). The data of the strain gauges (6) are sent through a wireless transmitter.

9. The stress deformation monitoring system for integral hoisting of large-span steel structures according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The distance detection rod (8) includes an outer rod (81), the inner side of the outer rod (81) is slidably connected to the inner rod (82), one end of the inner rod (82) is fixedly connected to a pulley (89) inside the outer rod (81), the inner side of one end of the outer rod (81) is fixedly connected to a pull rope (83), the lower side of the outer rod (81) is slidably connected to a slider (86) through a slide groove, a first spring (84) is fixedly connected between the slider (86) and the inner side of one end of the outer rod (81), and there is a damping force between the inner rod (82) and the outer rod (81) sufficient to counteract the first spring (84), and the other end of the pull rope (83) is fixedly connected to the slider (86) after passing through the pulley (89); The inner side of the slider (86) is fixedly connected to a first displacement point (87), and the inner side of the bottom end of the outer rod (81) is fixedly connected to a first displacement sensor (85). The first displacement point (87) slides on the first displacement sensor (85), and the length change of the distance detection rod (8) is obtained through the first displacement point (87). The setting of the movable pulley is used to play the role of the slider (86) moving increment, ensuring the sensitivity of the length detection.

10. A method for monitoring stress and deformation during the overall hoisting of a large-span steel structure, using the stress and deformation monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steps are: Step 1: Connect the left lifting rope (2) and the right lifting rope (3) to the lifting point (4) on the steel structure (5) respectively; Step 2: After the personnel have evacuated to a safe area, the crane starts operating. During the lifting and transfer process, the change in the length of the distance detection rod (8) can reflect the change in the straight-line distance between the two lifting points (4), thereby linearly reflecting the overall deflection deformation of the steel structure (5) during the lifting process; Step 3: The strain gauges (6) attached at the suspension point (4) and the middle position of the steel structure (5) are used to obtain the local deformation of the steel structure (5); Step 4: When subjected to wind load, differences in elasticity between the left and right suspension ropes (2) and (3), or uneven gravity of the steel structure (5), differences in force between the left and right suspension ropes (2) and (3) will occur. When an eccentric load occurs on either side of the left and right suspension ropes (2) and (3), the oil boom (94) will slide. The sliding distance represents the magnitude of the eccentric load, thereby realizing force monitoring. Step 5: When the eccentric load in step 4 is too large, the connecting plate (93) will move to one side to the extreme position, and the outlet hole (98) on the same side will be able to emerge from the inside of the identification box (9), connecting the left cavity (91) and the right cavity (92). On the side with a larger load, the oil in the upper oil chamber (74) on the corresponding side will flow to the upper oil chamber (74) on the other side, and the oil in the lower oil chamber (73) on the corresponding side will be compensated by the lower oil chamber (73) on the other side to balance the load.

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