Process and method for preparing composite phase change material by recovering solid waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a process and method for preparing a composite phase change material by recovering solid waste, and relates to the technical field of preparation of phase change materials from waste, the process for preparing the composite phase change material by recovering the solid waste comprises the following links: a, a solid waste pretreatment link: crushing slag; removing impurities and water in the slag, and mixing and stirring together; b, blank preparation: mixing the slag in the step a with a phase change material to form a composite phase change material blank; and c, a forming treatment link: treating the blank of the composite phase change material in the step b to obtain a finished product of the composite phase change material. By using the lepidolite / spodumene slag as a framework material for preparing the composite phase change material, the heat conductivity coefficient of the inorganic salt phase change material is enhanced, so that relatively high heat storage efficiency is obtained, an adsorption effect on the inorganic salt phase change material can be achieved, and the risk of leakage of a large amount of inorganic salt is reduced to a certain extent; meanwhile, the strength of the composite phase change material is also enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of preparing phase change materials from waste materials, and in particular to a process and method for preparing composite phase change materials from solid waste recycling. Background Art

[0002] Lithium carbonate, a material for lithium batteries, is extracted from minerals such as lepidolite / spodumene. When refining lithium carbonate, a large amount of lepidolite / spodumene slag is produced. These slags need to be treated before they can be discharged. Otherwise, the metal ions inside the slag will cause serious pollution to the environment, and treating the slag will waste a lot of money. The slag contains a large amount of precious metals. Treating and utilizing the slag can turn waste into treasure and increase economic benefits.

[0003] The defects of the existing composite phase change material preparation method are: 1. Patent document CN114032073A discloses a method for preparing a composite phase change material of slag expanded beads. However, the method for preparing a composite phase change material of slag expanded beads in the above-mentioned public document has a relatively complicated process, cannot consume solid waste quickly, and cannot solve the problem of large-scale accumulation of slag. Therefore, it is necessary to design a process and method for recycling and preparing composite phase change materials with a simple production process and high slag consumption, thereby solving the cost problem and environmental pollution problem of slag accumulation.

[0004] 2. Patent document CN114890811A discloses a method for preparing porous phase change energy storage materials and methods using mining solid waste. However, the phase change material used in the above-mentioned public document has a low phase change temperature and cannot store energy under high temperature conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to design a process and method for recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials that can store heat in multiple temperature environments, thereby solving the problem of limited application scenarios of composite phase change materials, expanding the scope of use, and promoting the consumption of solid waste inventory.

[0005] 3. Patent document EP3004278A1 discloses an improved phase change composition. The phase change material in this patent will change in volume when the temperature changes. The volume of the phase change material increases when the temperature rises. The phase change material is easy to destroy the sealed container when it expands in a closed container, thereby causing the phase change material to leak. Therefore, a process and method for recycling solid waste with a small volume change with temperature to prepare a composite phase change material is needed to solve this problem.

[0006] 4. Patent document EP2665590A1 discloses a heating device. The air flow rate inside the heating device in this patent is slow during heating, and the heating of the product is mainly through thermal radiation. When heating a product with holes, the hot air cannot quickly enter the holes of the product, resulting in a slow heating speed of the product. Therefore, a process and method for recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials that can accelerate the flow of hot air is needed to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0007] One purpose of the present application is to provide a process and method for recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials, which can solve the technical problems raised in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a process and method for preparing composite phase change materials by recycling solid waste, wherein the process for preparing composite phase change materials by recycling solid waste includes the following steps: a. Solid waste pretreatment: crush the slag, remove impurities and moisture from the slag, and mix them together; b. Billet preparation step: The slag in step a is mixed with the phase change material to form a composite phase change material billet; c. Molding process: The composite phase change material blank in step b is processed to obtain a finished composite phase change material; The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials uses a solid waste treatment and crushing device, a calcining furnace, a mixing and stirring device, an air circulation device, a mold, a grinding and cutting machine, and a surface treatment and packaging device.

[0009] Preferably, when the cold pressing and sintering method is used to prepare composite phase change materials from solid waste, a grinder, a press and a sintering furnace are also required. In the solid waste pretreatment stage, the solid waste is crushed by the solid waste treatment crushing device, and the crushed solid waste is placed in the calcining furnace for calcination. The air circulation device allows the air inside the calcining furnace to flow quickly, accelerating the heating of the slag by the high-temperature air, improving the heating efficiency, removing moisture and other impurities at a temperature d1, obtaining calcined solid waste, placing the calcined solid waste and the binder into the mixing and stirring device for mixing and stirring, and adding aerogel into the mixing and stirring device to obtain a treated solid waste mixture. In the blank preparation stage, the phase change material and the treated solid waste mixture are mixed. The composite phase change material is placed in the grinder for thorough grinding and ground to a particle size of d2 to obtain a composite phase change material blank powder. The composite phase change material blank powder is placed in the mold and pressed into shape at a pressure of d3 using the press to obtain a composite phase change material blank. In the molding process, the composite phase change material blank is placed in the sintering furnace for sintering at a temperature of d4. The sintered composite phase change material is polished and trimmed with the grinding and cutting machine. The trimmed composite phase change material is surface treated and packaged with a packaging material by a packaging device to obtain a finished composite phase change material. The grinder grinds the d2 particle size to 100 to 300 meshes, the press has a pressure of d3 of 20 MPa to 50 MPa, and the sintering temperature d4 of the sintering furnace is 800°C to 1200°C.

[0010] Preferably, when the process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials uses the porous material melt impregnation method to prepare composite phase change materials, a grinder, a press and a sintering furnace are also required. In the solid waste treatment link, the solid waste is crushed by the solid waste treatment crushing device, and the crushed solid waste is placed in the calcining furnace for calcination. The air circulation device allows the air inside the calcining furnace to flow quickly, accelerates the heating of the slag by the high-temperature air, improves the heating efficiency, removes moisture and other impurities at a temperature d1, obtains calcined solid waste, puts the calcined solid waste and the pore-forming agent into the mixing and stirring device for stirring, and at the same time adds aerogel into the mixing and stirring device to obtain mixed solid waste, and puts the mixed solid waste into the mold The calcination furnace is then used to calcine at a temperature of d5 to obtain a porous ceramic substrate prepared from solid waste. In the blank preparation stage, the porous ceramic substrate prepared from solid waste is immersed in the phase change material and placed in the vacuum constant temperature drying device, set to the temperature of d6 and maintained for d7 hours. After vacuum adsorption, it is taken out to obtain a composite phase change material blank. In the molding process, the composite phase change material blank is polished and trimmed by the grinding and cutting machine, and the trimmed and formed composite phase change material is placed in the surface treatment packaging device and packaged and protected with packaging material to obtain a finished composite phase change material. The calcination furnace temperature d5 is 800°C to 1200°C, and the vacuum constant temperature drying device temperature d6 and the insulation time d7 are determined according to the phase change material used.

[0011] Preferably, the slag in step a is slag obtained after lithium extraction from lepidolite, spodumene, or a mixture of lepidolite and spodumene. The slag is an unsaturated aluminosilicate mineral, the main components of which are silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate, and aluminum oxide, and has good refractory properties and thermal conductivity.

[0012] Preferably, the phase change material is one or more of nitrates, chlorides or sulfates. Nitrates include sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate and calcium nitrate. Chlorides include sodium chloride, potassium chloride and calcium chloride. Sulfates include sodium sulfate and lithium sulfate.

[0013] Preferably, the binder used in the mixing and stirring device is polyvinyl alcohol.

[0014] Preferably, the packaging material used in the surface treatment packaging device is a durable inorganic non-metallic packaging material or one of various metal packaging materials with high thermal conductivity.

[0015] Preferably, the pore-forming agent is one or more of polymethyl methacrylate, acrylate copolymer, carbon powder or rayon fiber.

[0016] Preferably, the calcination temperature d1 of the calcination furnace is 300°C to 600°C.

[0017] Preferably, the air internal circulation device is a pipe whose output end and input end are respectively connected to the calcining furnace, a fan is installed on the pipe, the fan blades are inside the pipe, and the fan motor is outside the pipe.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention uses lepidolite / spodumene slag as a skeleton material for preparing a composite phase change material, thereby enhancing the thermal conductivity of the inorganic salt phase change material, thereby obtaining a higher heat storage efficiency, and can have an adsorption effect on the inorganic salt phase change material, reducing the risk of large-scale leakage of inorganic salts to a certain extent, while also enhancing the strength of the composite phase change material. The composite phase change material produced by the process and method of recycling solid waste to prepare a composite phase change material can enhance the thermal conductivity of the inorganic salt phase change material, thereby obtaining a higher heat storage efficiency, and can have an adsorption effect on the inorganic salt phase change material, reducing the risk of large-scale leakage of inorganic salts to a certain extent, while also enhancing the strength of the composite phase change material.

[0019] The present invention adopts a combination of multiple inorganic salts as phase change materials, solves the problem of few application scenarios of composite phase change materials, expands the scope of use, and promotes the consumption of solid waste inventory. The method for preparing composite phase change materials with a simple process can quickly consume the inventory of lithium mica / spodumene slag, thereby solving the cost problem and environmental pollution problem of slag accumulation. The process and method for recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials adopt a combination of multiple inorganic salts as phase change materials, solves the problem of few application scenarios of composite phase change materials, promotes the consumption of solid waste inventory, and solves the cost problem and environmental pollution problem of slag accumulation.

[0020] During the heating process of the present invention, the air in the aerogel expands and overflows. After cooling, the air in the aerogel in the composite phase change material contracts due to cooling. Since the aerogel is located inside the composite phase change material, air cannot enter. Therefore, the interior of the aerogel is in a low vacuum state. When the composite phase change material expands due to heat, the pores inside the aerogel provide expansion space for the composite phase change material, and the apparent volume of the composite phase change material does not increase too much. Therefore, the composite phase change material does not cause expansion damage to the container inside the sealed container. In addition, the aerogel is inexpensive and lightweight, and has little impact on the weight of the composite phase change material. The pores inside the aerogel in the composite phase change material produced by the process and method for recycling solid waste to prepare a composite phase change material are in a low vacuum state. When the composite phase change material expands due to heat, the pores inside the aerogel provide expansion space for the composite phase change material, and the apparent volume of the composite phase change material does not increase too much. Therefore, the composite phase change material does not cause expansion damage to the container inside the sealed container. In addition, the aerogel is inexpensive and lightweight, and has little impact on the weight of the composite phase change material.

[0021] The present invention enables the air inside the calcining furnace to flow rapidly through an internal air circulation device, accelerates the heating of slag by high-temperature air, improves heating efficiency, and enables the process and method of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials. The present invention enables the air inside the calcining furnace to flow rapidly through an internal air circulation device, accelerates the heating of slag by high-temperature air, and improves heating efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a conceptual flow chart of the cold pressing sintering method of the present invention; Figure 2 is a flow chart of the steps of the cold pressing sintering method of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a conceptual flow chart of the porous material melt impregnation method of the present invention; Figure 4 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the porous material melt impregnation method of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 11. Solid waste treatment and crushing device; 12. Calcination furnace; 13. Mixing and stirring device; 14. Air circulation device; 21. Grinder; 22. Mold; 23. Press; 24. Vacuum constant temperature drying device; 31. Sintering furnace; 32. Grinding and cutting machine; 33. Surface treatment and packaging device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," "the other end," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "connected," etc., should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances. Example 1

[0027] The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials includes the following steps: a. Solid waste pretreatment: crush the slag, remove impurities and moisture from the slag, and mix them together; b. Billet preparation step: The slag in step a is mixed with the phase change material to form a composite phase change material billet; c. Molding process: The composite phase change material blank in step b is processed to obtain a finished composite phase change material; The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials uses a solid waste treatment and crushing device 11, a calcining furnace 12, a mixing and stirring device 13, an air circulation device 14, a mold 22, a grinding and cutting machine 32 and a surface treatment packaging device 33.

[0028] Process for recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials When using the cold pressing and sintering method to prepare composite phase change materials, a grinder 21, a press 23 and a sintering furnace 31 are also required. In the solid waste pretreatment stage, the solid waste is crushed by the solid waste treatment crushing device 11, and the crushed solid waste is placed in the calcining furnace 12 for calcination. The air circulation device 14 makes the air inside the calcining furnace 12 flow quickly, accelerates the heating of the slag by the high-temperature air, improves the heating efficiency, removes moisture and other impurities at the temperature d1, and obtains the calcined solid waste. The calcined solid waste and the binder are placed in the mixing and stirring device 13 for mixing and stirring, and aerogel is added to the mixing and stirring device 13 at the same time to obtain a treated solid waste mixture. In the blank preparation stage, the phase change material and the treated solid waste mixture are placed in the grinder 21 for sufficient grinding and ground to a particle size of d2 to obtain a composite phase change material blank powder. The composite phase change material blank powder is placed in the mold 22 and pressed and formed using the press 23 at a pressure of d3 to obtain a composite phase change material blank. In the molding process, the composite phase change material blank is placed in the sintering furnace 31 and sintered at a temperature of d4. The sintered composite phase change material is ground and trimmed by a grinding and cutting machine 32. The finished composite phase change material is packaged and protected by a packaging material through a surface treatment packaging device 33 to obtain a finished composite phase change material. The grinding machine 21 grinds the d2 particle size to 100 mesh, and the d3 pressure of the press 23 is 20Mpa. During the heating process, the air in the aerogel expands and overflows. After cooling, the composite The air in the aerogel in the phase change material shrinks due to cooling. Since the aerogel is located inside the composite phase change material, air cannot enter. Therefore, the inside of the aerogel is in a low vacuum state. When the composite phase change material expands due to heat, the pores inside the aerogel will provide expansion space for the composite phase change material, and the apparent volume of the composite phase change material will not increase too much. Therefore, the composite phase change material will not cause expansion damage to the container inside the sealed container. The sintering temperature d4 of the sintering furnace 31 is 800°C, and the mass ratio of slag to phase change material is 1:6.

[0029] The slag in step a is the slag after lithium extraction from lepidolite. The slag is an unsaturated aluminosilicate mineral, the main components of which are silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate and aluminum oxide, and has good refractory properties and thermal conductivity.

[0030] The phase change material is nitrate, which includes sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate and calcium nitrate.

[0031] The binder used in the mixing and stirring device 13 is polyvinyl alcohol.

[0032] The packaging material used in the surface treatment packaging device 33 is an inorganic non-metallic packaging material having durability.

[0033] The calcination temperature d1 of the calcination furnace 12 is 300°C.

[0034] The air internal circulation device 14 is a pipe whose output end and input end are respectively connected to the calcining furnace 12. A fan is installed on the pipe, the fan blades are inside the pipe, and the fan motor is outside the pipe. Example 2

[0035] The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials includes the following steps: a. Solid waste pretreatment: crush the slag, remove impurities and moisture from the slag, and mix them together; b. Billet preparation step: The slag in step a is mixed with the phase change material to form a composite phase change material billet; c. Molding process: The composite phase change material blank in step b is processed to obtain a finished composite phase change material; The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials uses a solid waste treatment and crushing device 11, a calcining furnace 12, a mixing and stirring device 13, an air circulation device 14, a mold 22, a grinding and cutting machine 32 and a surface treatment packaging device 33.

[0036] Process for recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials When using the cold pressing and sintering method to prepare composite phase change materials, a grinder 21, a press 23 and a sintering furnace 31 are also required. In the solid waste pretreatment stage, the solid waste is crushed by the solid waste treatment and crushing device 11, and the crushed solid waste is placed in the calcining furnace 12 for calcination. The air circulation device 14 allows the air inside the calcining furnace 12 to flow quickly, accelerating the heating of the slag by the high-temperature air, improving the heating efficiency, removing moisture and other impurities at a temperature d1, and obtaining the calcined solid waste. The calcined solid waste and the binder are placed in the mixing and stirring device 13 for mixing and stirring, and aerogel is added to the mixing and stirring device 13 at the same time to obtain a treated solid waste mixture. In the blank preparation stage, the phase change material and the treated solid waste mixture are placed in the grinder 21 for sufficient grinding and ground to a particle size of d2 to obtain a composite phase change material blank powder. The composite phase change material blank powder is placed in the mold 22 and pressed and formed using a press 23 at a pressure of d3 to obtain a composite phase change material blank. In the forming process, the composite phase change material blank is placed in the sintering furnace 31 and sintered at a temperature of d4. The composite phase change material after sintering is ground and trimmed by a grinding and cutting machine 32. The finished composite phase change material is packaged and protected by a packaging material through a surface treatment packaging device 33 to obtain a finished composite phase change material. The grinding machine 21 grinds the d2 particles to a size of 300 mesh, and the d3 pressure of the press 23 is 50 MPa. During the heating process, the air in the aerogel expands and overflows. After cooling, the composite phase change material The air in the aerogel in the phase change material shrinks due to cooling. Since the aerogel is located inside the composite phase change material, air cannot enter. Therefore, the inside of the aerogel is in a low vacuum state. When the composite phase change material expands due to heat, the pores inside the aerogel will provide expansion space for the composite phase change material, and the apparent volume of the composite phase change material will not increase too much. Therefore, the composite phase change material will not cause expansion damage to the container inside the sealed container. The sintering temperature d4 of the sintering furnace 31 is 1200°C, and the mass ratio of slag to phase change material is 1:12.

[0037] The slag in step a is the slag after lithium extraction from spodumene. The slag is an unsaturated aluminosilicate mineral, the main components of which are silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate and aluminum oxide, and has good refractoriness and thermal conductivity.

[0038] The phase change material is a chloride salt, which includes sodium chloride, potassium chloride and calcium chloride.

[0039] The binder used in the mixing and stirring device 13 is polyvinyl alcohol.

[0040] The packaging material used in the surface treatment packaging device 33 is various metal packaging materials with high thermal conductivity.

[0041] The calcination temperature d1 of the calcination furnace 12 is 600°C.

[0042] The air internal circulation device 14 is a pipe whose output end and input end are respectively connected to the calcining furnace 12. A fan is installed on the pipe, the fan blades are inside the pipe, and the fan motor is outside the pipe. Example 3

[0043] The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials includes the following steps: a. Solid waste pretreatment: crush the slag, remove impurities and moisture from the slag, and mix them together; b. Billet preparation step: The slag in step a is mixed with the phase change material to form a composite phase change material billet; c. Molding process: The composite phase change material blank in step b is processed to obtain a finished composite phase change material; The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials uses a solid waste treatment and crushing device 11, a calcining furnace 12, a mixing and stirring device 13, an air circulation device 14, a mold 22, a grinding and cutting machine 32 and a surface treatment packaging device 33.

[0044] The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials When using the porous material melt impregnation method to prepare composite phase change materials, a grinder 21, a press 23 and a sintering furnace 31 are also required. In the solid waste treatment link, the solid waste is crushed by the solid waste treatment crushing device 11, and the crushed solid waste is placed in the calcining furnace 12 for calcination. The air circulation device 14 allows the air inside the calcining furnace 12 to flow quickly, accelerating the heating of the slag by the high-temperature air, improving the heating efficiency, removing moisture and other impurities at a temperature d1, and obtaining the calcined solid waste. The calcined solid waste and the pore-forming agent are placed in the mixing and stirring device 13 for stirring, and aerogel is added to the mixing and stirring device 13 at the same time to obtain mixed solid waste. The mixed solid waste is placed in the mold 22 and calcined in the calcining furnace 12 at a temperature d5 to obtain a porous ceramic substrate prepared from solid waste. In the blank preparation link, the porous ceramic substrate prepared from solid waste is immersed in the phase change material and placed in the vacuum constant temperature drying device 24 with a set temperature of 30 The temperature of the composite phase change material is kept at 0°C for 2 hours, and after vacuum adsorption, the composite phase change material blank is taken out to obtain the composite phase change material blank. In the molding process, the composite phase change material blank is polished and trimmed by a grinding and cutting machine 32. The trimmed composite phase change material is placed in a surface treatment packaging device 33 and encapsulated and protected with a packaging material to obtain a finished composite phase change material. The temperature d5 of the calcining furnace 12 is 800°C, and the temperature d6 and the holding time d7 of the vacuum constant temperature drying device 24 are determined according to the phase change material used. During the heating process, the air in the aerogel will expand and overflow. After cooling, the air in the aerogel in the composite phase change material shrinks due to cooling. Since the aerogel is located inside the composite phase change material, air cannot enter. Therefore, the inside of the aerogel is in a low vacuum state. When the composite phase change material expands due to heat, the pores inside the aerogel provide expansion space for the composite phase change material, and the apparent volume of the composite phase change material does not increase too much. Therefore, the composite phase change material will not cause expansion damage to the container inside the sealed container. The mass ratio of slag to phase change material is 1:6.

[0045] The slag in step a is the slag obtained by extracting lithium from a mixture of lepidolite and spodumene. The slag is an unsaturated aluminosilicate mineral, the main components of which are silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate and aluminum oxide, and has good refractory properties and thermal conductivity.

[0046] The phase change material is sulfate, and the sulfate includes sodium sulfate and lithium sulfate.

[0047] The packaging material used in the surface treatment packaging device 33 is an inorganic non-metallic packaging material having durability.

[0048] The pore-forming agent is polymethyl methacrylate.

[0049] The calcination temperature d1 of the calcination furnace 12 is 300°C.

[0050] The air internal circulation device 14 is a pipe whose output end and input end are respectively connected to the calcining furnace 12. A fan is installed on the pipe, the fan blades are inside the pipe, and the fan motor is outside the pipe. Example 4

[0051] The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials includes the following steps: a. Solid waste pretreatment: crush the slag, remove impurities and moisture from the slag, and mix them together; b. Billet preparation step: The slag in step a is mixed with the phase change material to form a composite phase change material billet; c. Molding process: The composite phase change material blank in step b is processed to obtain a finished composite phase change material; The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials uses a solid waste treatment and crushing device 11, a calcining furnace 12, a mixing and stirring device 13, an air circulation device 14, a mold 22, a grinding and cutting machine 32 and a surface treatment packaging device 33.

[0052] Process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials When using the porous material melt impregnation method to prepare composite phase change materials, a grinder 21, a press 23 and a sintering furnace 31 are also required. In the solid waste treatment link, the solid waste is crushed by the solid waste treatment crushing device 11, and the crushed solid waste is placed in the calcining furnace 12 for calcination. The air circulation device 14 allows the air inside the calcining furnace 12 to flow quickly, accelerating the heating of the slag by the high-temperature air, improving the heating efficiency, removing moisture and other impurities at a temperature d1, and obtaining the calcined solid waste. The calcined solid waste and the pore-forming agent are placed in the mixing and stirring device 13 for stirring, and aerogel is added to the mixing and stirring device 13 at the same time to obtain mixed solid waste. The mixed solid waste is placed in the mold 22 and calcined in the calcining furnace 12 at a temperature d5 to obtain a porous ceramic substrate prepared from solid waste. In the blank preparation link, the porous ceramic substrate prepared from solid waste is immersed in the phase change material and placed in the vacuum constant temperature drying device 24 with a set temperature of 500. ℃ and hold for 2 hours, perform vacuum adsorption, and then take out to obtain a composite phase change material blank. In the molding process, the composite phase change material blank is polished and trimmed by a grinding and cutting machine 32. The trimmed composite phase change material is placed in a surface treatment packaging device 33 and encapsulated and protected with a packaging material to obtain a finished composite phase change material. The temperature d5 of the calcining furnace 12 is 1200℃, and the temperature d6 and the holding time d7 of the vacuum constant temperature drying device 24 are determined according to the phase change material used. During the heating process, the air in the aerogel will expand and overflow. After cooling, the air in the aerogel in the composite phase change material shrinks due to cooling. Since the aerogel is located inside the composite phase change material, air cannot enter. Therefore, the interior of the aerogel is in a low vacuum state. When the composite phase change material expands due to heat, the pores inside the aerogel provide expansion space for the composite phase change material, and thus the apparent volume of the composite phase change material does not increase too much. Therefore, the composite phase change material will not cause expansion damage to the container inside the sealed container. The mass ratio of slag to phase change material is 1:12.

[0053] The slag in step a is the slag obtained by extracting lithium from a mixture of lepidolite and spodumene. The slag is an unsaturated aluminosilicate mineral, the main components of which are silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate and aluminum oxide, and has good refractory properties and thermal conductivity.

[0054] The phase change material is nitrate, which includes sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate and calcium nitrate.

[0055] The packaging material used in the surface treatment packaging device 33 is an inorganic non-metallic packaging material having durability.

[0056] Pore-forming agent in rayon fibers.

[0057] The calcination temperature d1 of the calcination furnace 12 is 600°C.

[0058] The air internal circulation device 14 is a pipe whose output end and input end are respectively connected to the calcining furnace 12. A fan is installed on the pipe, the fan blades are inside the pipe, and the fan motor is outside the pipe. Example 5

[0059] The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials includes the following steps: a. Solid waste pretreatment: crush the slag, remove impurities and moisture from the slag, and mix them together; b. Billet preparation step: The slag in step a is mixed with the phase change material to form a composite phase change material billet; c. Molding process: The composite phase change material blank in step b is processed to obtain a finished composite phase change material; The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials uses a solid waste treatment and crushing device 11, a calcining furnace 12, a mixing and stirring device 13, an air circulation device 14, a mold 22, a grinding and cutting machine 32 and a surface treatment packaging device 33.

[0060] The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials When using the porous material melt impregnation method to prepare composite phase change materials, a grinder 21, a press 23 and a sintering furnace 31 are also required. In the solid waste treatment link, the solid waste is crushed by the solid waste treatment crushing device 11, and the crushed solid waste is placed in the calcining furnace 12 for calcination. The air circulation device 14 allows the air inside the calcining furnace 12 to flow quickly, accelerating the heating of the slag by the high-temperature air, improving the heating efficiency, removing moisture and other impurities at a temperature d1, and obtaining the calcined solid waste. The calcined solid waste and the pore-forming agent are placed in the mixing and stirring device 13 for stirring, and aerogel is added to the mixing and stirring device 13 at the same time to obtain mixed solid waste. The mixed solid waste is placed in the mold 22 and calcined in the calcining furnace 12 at a temperature d5 to obtain a porous ceramic substrate prepared from solid waste. In the blank preparation link, the porous ceramic substrate prepared from solid waste is immersed in the phase change material and placed in the vacuum constant temperature drying device 24 with a set temperature of 60 0 is maintained for 2 hours, and after vacuum adsorption, a composite phase change material blank is obtained. In the molding process, the composite phase change material blank is polished and trimmed with a grinding and cutting machine 32. The trimmed composite phase change material is placed in a surface treatment packaging device 33 and encapsulated and protected with a packaging material to obtain a finished composite phase change material. The temperature d5 of the calcining furnace 12 is 800° C. The temperature d6 and the holding time d7 of the vacuum constant temperature drying device 24 are determined according to the phase change material used. During the heating process, the air in the aerogel will expand and overflow. After cooling, the air in the aerogel in the composite phase change material shrinks due to cooling. Since the aerogel is located inside the composite phase change material, air cannot enter. Therefore, the interior of the aerogel is in a low vacuum state. When the composite phase change material expands due to heat, the pores inside the aerogel provide expansion space for the composite phase change material, and the apparent volume of the composite phase change material does not increase too much. Therefore, the composite phase change material will not cause expansion damage to the container inside the sealed container. The mass ratio of slag to phase change material is 1:18.

[0061] The slag in step a is the slag after lithium extraction from lepidolite. The slag is an unsaturated aluminosilicate mineral, the main components of which are silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate and aluminum oxide, and has good refractory properties and thermal conductivity.

[0062] The phase change material is nitrate, which includes sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate and calcium nitrate.

[0063] The packaging material used in the surface treatment packaging device 33 is various metal packaging materials with high thermal conductivity.

[0064] The pore-forming agent is an acrylic acid ester copolymer.

[0065] The calcination temperature d1 of the calcination furnace 12 is 600°C.

[0066] The air internal circulation device 14 is a pipe whose output end and input end are respectively connected to the calcining furnace 12. A fan is installed on the pipe, the fan blades are inside the pipe, and the fan motor is outside the pipe.

[0067] The thermal conductivity of the finished composite phase change materials obtained in various embodiments is as follows.

[0068]

[0069] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. It is intended that all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be embraced herein, and any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the rights involved.

Claims

1. A process for preparing composite phase change materials by recycling solid waste, characterized by: The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials includes the following steps: a. Solid waste pretreatment: crush the slag, remove impurities and moisture from the slag, and mix them together; b. Billet preparation step: The slag in step a is mixed with the phase change material to form a composite phase change material billet; c. Molding process: The composite phase change material blank in step b is processed to obtain a finished composite phase change material; The process for recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials uses a solid waste treatment and crushing device (11), a calcining furnace (12), a mixing and stirring device (13), an air internal circulation device (14), a mold (22), a grinding and cutting machine (32) and a surface treatment and packaging device (33).

2. The method for preparing composite phase change materials by recycling solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials uses a cold pressing and sintering method to prepare composite phase change materials, and also requires the use of a grinder (21), a press (23) and a sintering furnace (31). In the solid waste pretreatment stage, the solid waste is crushed by the solid waste treatment crushing device (11), and the crushed solid waste is placed in the calcining furnace (12) for calcination. The air internal circulation device (14) allows the air inside the calcining furnace (12) to flow quickly, accelerating the heating of the slag by the high-temperature air and improving the heating efficiency. At the temperature d1, moisture and other impurities are removed to obtain calcined solid waste. The calcined solid waste and the binder are placed in the mixing and stirring device (13) for mixing and stirring, and aerogel is added to the mixing and stirring device (13) to obtain a treated solid waste mixture. In the blank preparation stage, the phase change material and the treated solid waste mixture are placed in The grinder (21) performs sufficient grinding and grinds to a particle size of d2 to obtain a composite phase change material blank powder, the composite phase change material blank powder is placed in the mold (22) and pressed and formed by the press (23) at a pressure of d3 to obtain a composite phase change material blank, and in the forming process, the composite phase change material blank is placed in the sintering furnace (31) and sintered at a temperature of d4, the sintered composite phase change material is ground and trimmed by the grinding and cutting machine (32), and the trimmed composite phase change material is packaged and protected by a packaging material by a surface treatment packaging device (33) to obtain a finished composite phase change material, the grinder (21) grinds the d2 particle size to 100 to 300 mesh, the press (23) has a pressure of d3 of 20 MPa to 50 MPa, and the sintering temperature d4 of the sintering furnace (31) is 800°C to 1200°C.

3. The method for preparing composite phase change materials by recycling solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of recycling solid waste to prepare composite phase change materials uses a porous material melt impregnation method to prepare composite phase change materials, and also requires the use of a grinder (21), a press (23) and a sintering furnace (31). In the solid waste treatment process, the solid waste is crushed by the solid waste treatment crushing device (11), and the crushed solid waste is placed in the calcining furnace (12) for calcination. The air internal circulation device (14) allows the air inside the calcining furnace (12) to flow quickly, accelerating the heating of the slag by the high-temperature air and improving the heating efficiency. At the temperature d1, moisture and other impurities are removed to obtain calcined solid waste. The calcined solid waste and the pore-forming agent are placed in the mixing and stirring device (13) for stirring, and aerogel is added to the mixing and stirring device (13) to obtain mixed solid waste. The mixed solid waste is placed in the The mold (22) is then calcined at a temperature of d5 using the calcining furnace (12) to obtain a porous ceramic substrate prepared from solid waste. In the blank preparation step, the porous ceramic substrate prepared from solid waste is immersed in the phase change material and placed in the vacuum constant temperature drying device (24) at a set temperature of d6 and maintained for d7 hours. After vacuum adsorption, the composite phase change material blank is taken out to obtain the composite phase change material blank. In the molding process, the composite phase change material blank is polished and trimmed using the grinding and cutting machine (32). The trimmed composite phase change material is placed in the surface treatment packaging device (33) and packaged and protected with packaging material to obtain a finished composite phase change material. The temperature d5 of the calcining furnace (12) is 800°C to 1200°C. The temperature d6 and the holding time d7 of the vacuum constant temperature drying device (24) are determined according to the phase change material used.

4. The process for preparing composite phase change materials by recycling solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag in step a is slag obtained after lithium extraction from lepidolite, spodumene, or a mixture of lepidolite and spodumene. The slag is an unsaturated aluminosilicate mineral, the main components of which are silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate, and aluminum oxide, and has good refractory properties and thermal conductivity.

5. The method for preparing composite phase change materials by recycling solid waste according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The phase change material is one or more of nitrates, chlorides or sulfates. Nitrates include sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate and calcium nitrate. Chlorides include sodium chloride, potassium chloride and calcium chloride. Sulfates include sodium sulfate and lithium sulfate.

6. The method for preparing composite phase change materials by recycling solid waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The binder used in the mixing and stirring device (13) is polyvinyl alcohol.

7. The method for preparing composite phase change materials by recycling solid waste according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The packaging material used in the surface treatment packaging device (33) is a durable inorganic non-metallic packaging material or one of various metal packaging materials with high thermal conductivity.

8. The method for preparing composite phase change materials by recycling solid waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pore-forming agent is one or more of polymethyl methacrylate, acrylate copolymer, carbon powder or rayon fiber.

9. The method for preparing composite phase change materials by recycling solid waste according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The calcination temperature d1 of the calcination furnace (12) is 300°C to 600°C.

10. The method for preparing composite phase change materials by recycling solid waste according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The air internal circulation device (14) is a pipe whose output end and input end are respectively connected to the calcining furnace (12), and a fan is installed on the pipe, the fan blades are inside the pipe, and the fan motor is outside the pipe.

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