Multi-stage fermentation tank and process for biomass energy production

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of anaerobic reactors, and particularly discloses a multistage fermentation tank for biomass energy production, which comprises a main body fermentation tank, a second fermentation tank is mounted at the middle end in the main body fermentation tank, and a third fermentation tank is arranged at the middle end of the second fermentation tank. Four second feeding holes are uniformly formed in the bottom of the second fermentation tank; four third feeding holes are uniformly formed in the bottom of the third fermentation tank; the biomass energy production process comprises the following steps: S1, firstly, determining that the initial positions of all parts of the material blocking mechanism and the plugging mechanism are correct, and S2, conveying materials into the primary fermentation bin of the main body fermentation tank through one of the first discharge pipes. The second fermentation tank and the third fermentation tank are mounted in the main body fermentation tank, so that the overall fermentation efficiency and the product quality can be improved through staged fermentation, and the fermentation process is monitored more carefully.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of anaerobic reactors, and specifically discloses a multi-stage fermentation tank and a process for producing biomass energy. Background Art

[0002] Anaerobic reactors are biochemical reactors used for anaerobic digestion and fermentation, offering high efficiency, reliability, and applicability. In anaerobic reactors, the gases produced by the microbial decomposition of organic waste can be directly collected and utilized. Anaerobic reactors can also be used for wastewater treatment and renewable energy production.

[0003] Existing anaerobic reactors do not divide the fermentation process into detailed stages and are unable to create suitable conditions based on the characteristics of different stages of biomass fermentation, resulting in low overall fermentation efficiency and unstable product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a multi-stage fermentation tank for biomass energy production to solve the problem that the existing anaerobic reactor does not divide the fermentation process into detailed stages and cannot create suitable conditions according to the characteristics of different stages of biomass fermentation, resulting in low overall fermentation efficiency and unstable product quality.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multi-stage fermentation tank for biomass energy production, including a main fermentation tank, a second fermentation tank installed at the middle end of the main fermentation tank, a third fermentation tank provided at the middle end of the second fermentation tank, four second feed ports evenly opened at the bottom of the second fermentation tank, four third feed ports evenly opened at the bottom of the third fermentation tank, the second feed ports corresponding to the third feed ports, and a blocking mechanism provided at the bottom end of the third fermentation tank, the blocking mechanism being used to block the second feed ports and the third feed ports, ten second filter tanks evenly opened at the top of the second fermentation tank, ten third filter tanks evenly opened at the top of the third fermentation tank, the second filter tanks corresponding to the third filter tanks, a blocking mechanism provided at the top end of the third fermentation tank, the blocking mechanism being used to block the second filter tanks and the third filter tanks.

[0006] In the above technical solution, preferably, a primary fermentation tank is set between the main fermentation tank and the second fermentation tank, a secondary fermentation tank is set between the second fermentation tank and the third fermentation tank, and a tertiary fermentation tank is set inside the third fermentation tank. A first filter hole is connected to the top of the main fermentation tank above the primary fermentation tank, and two first discharge pipes are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the main fermentation tank and on the side of the primary fermentation tank, one of the first discharge pipes is used to feed the main fermentation tank, and the other first discharge pipe is used to discharge the main fermentation tank.

[0007] In the above technical solution, preferably, the tops of the second fermentation tank and the third fermentation tank are connected to the top surface inside the main fermentation tank, the bottom of the second fermentation tank is connected to the bottom surface inside the main fermentation tank, the bottom of the third fermentation tank protrudes from the bottom of the main fermentation tank, the bottom ends of the second fermentation tank and the third fermentation tank are connected with a conical plate, the bottom end of the third fermentation tank is connected with a sealing plate through a flange, and four discharge pipes are evenly installed on the surface of the sealing plate.

[0008] In the above technical solution, preferably, the height of the third feed port is twice the height of the second feed port, and the material blocking mechanism includes a light rod, which is movably installed at the center of the third fermentation tank, and a cylinder is installed at the bottom of the sealing plate, and the output end of the cylinder is connected to the light rod, and four first connecting rods are evenly installed on the surface of the light rod near the bottom end, and the end of the first connecting rod is connected to a third sealing plate, and the third sealing plate corresponds to the third feed port, and the third sealing plate is close to the inner wall of the third fermentation tank, and the third sealing plate is fixedly installed with a protruding platform near the middle of one end of the inner wall of the third fermentation tank, and the protruding platform movably passes through the third feed port, and the end of the protruding platform is fixedly installed with a second connecting rod, and the other end of the second connecting rod is connected to a second sealing plate, and the second sealing plate cooperates with the second feed port, and the second sealing plate is close to the inner wall of the second fermentation tank.

[0009] The top end of the lifting plug in the lifting plug is connected with the lifting plug of the lifting plug in the lifting plug, and the bottom end of the lifting plug is connected with the lifting plug of the lifting plug in the lifting plug.

[0010] In the above technical solution, preferably, a sliding bar is provided on the bottom surface of the rotating column, the inside of the sleeve cooperates with the sliding bar, a rectangular platform is installed on the top of the sliding bar, the rectangular platform is directly above the sleeve, and a spring is installed between the rectangular platform and the sleeve.

[0011] In the above technical solution, preferably, a cylinder is installed on the top of the polished rod, the outer diameter of the cylinder is the same as the diameter of the sleeve, and the inner diameter of the cylinder is larger than the diameter of the limiting plate.

[0012] In the above technical solution, preferably, a stepping motor is installed at the middle end of the top of the main fermentation tank, and the output end of the stepping motor is connected to the rotating column.

[0013] The biomass energy production process includes the following steps: S1. First, confirm that the initial positions of the components of the blocking mechanism and the blocking mechanism are correct, the cylinder is in the retracted state, the third sealing plate and the second sealing plate respectively block the third feed inlet and the second feed inlet, and the second sealing strip and the third sealing strip respectively block the second filter tank and the third filter tank; S2. The material is transported into the primary fermentation bin of the main fermentation tank through one of the first discharge pipes. After the material reacts inside the primary fermentation bin, solid particles are deposited at the bottom of the primary fermentation bin; S3. When it is time to feed the secondary fermentation bin, the cylinder is started, and the cylinder output end pushes the polished rod upward, driving the first connecting rod to move upward synchronously, and the third closing plate also moves upward. The protruding platform at the other end of the third closing plate drives the second closing plate to move upward through the second connecting rod, so that the second closing plate moves to the top of the second feed inlet. At this time, the material inside the primary fermentation bin can flow into the secondary fermentation bin through the second feed inlet; S4. When the third-stage fermentation bin needs to be fed, the cylinder continues to move, the polished rod continues to lift upward, the first connecting rod, the third sealing plate, the protruding platform, the second connecting rod and the second sealing plate continue to move upward, opening the bottom of the third feeding port, and the material in the secondary fermentation bin flows into the tertiary fermentation bin through the third feeding port; S5. During the activation of the three-stage fermentation bin, the light rod moves upward, which will drive the cylinder to move upward synchronously. The cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the limit plate and pushes the sleeve upward. The sleeve moves upward along the rotating column, and the push-pull rod generates a pulling force on the third seal. Under the action of the pulling force, the third seal as a whole moves horizontally in the linear slide and moves toward the inside of the three-stage fermentation bin. Under the action of the cross bar, the second seal and the third seal move synchronously, and the second seal moves to the second fermentation bin. The cross bar is inserted into the linear slide to complete the opening of the second filter tank and the third filter tank. At this time, the gases inside the first fermentation bin, the second fermentation bin and the third fermentation bin can be evenly mixed.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The device divides the interior of the main fermentation tank into a primary fermentation chamber, a secondary fermentation chamber, and a tertiary fermentation chamber. The staged fermentation helps to improve the overall fermentation efficiency and product quality, and also makes the fermentation process more detailed. The material blocking mechanism, with its precise control of the polished rod by the cylinder, can accurately open and close the second and third feed ports in stages and steps according to the strict requirements of the fermentation process. This highly precise control prevents excessive or premature entry of materials, providing a solid guarantee for the stable development of the fermentation reaction in each level of fermentation bin, ensuring that the fermentation process strictly follows the preset process and rhythm, and significantly improving the controllability of the fermentation process. Under the elastic force of the spring, the sealing mechanism can quickly and tightly seal the third seal and the second seal in the third filter tank and the second filter tank respectively, forming an effective gas barrier. When there is no material in the secondary fermentation tank, it can accurately isolate the gas generated by the fermentation material in the primary fermentation tank, prevent the gas from spreading disorderly to other fermentation tanks, avoid mutual interference between gases in different fermentation stages, maintain the purity and stability of the gas environment in each fermentation tank, create a suitable gas atmosphere for microbial fermentation, and significantly improve the fermentation effect; Through the coordinated operation of the rotating column, sleeve, push-pull rod and other components, the blocking mechanism can achieve the synchronous blocking and opening of the second and third filter tanks. When blocking, the integrity of the gas isolation is ensured. When opening, the gas in each fermentation chamber can be evenly mixed, promoting the balanced progress of the fermentation reaction. This synchronous operation greatly improves work efficiency, reduces the operation steps and time cost, and facilitates the operator to control the fermentation process. During the fermentation process, impurities and microbial metabolites may adhere to the surface of the filter tank, affecting gas circulation and equipment performance. The third seal and the second seal of the sealing mechanism can rotate driven by the rotating column to clean the inner surfaces of the third filter tank and the second filter tank. This self-cleaning function can promptly remove attached impurities, keep the filter tank unobstructed, reduce the workload and frequency of manual cleaning, and also reduce the risk of equipment failure due to impurity accumulation, facilitating daily maintenance and management of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main fermentation tank structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main fermentation tank structure from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main fermentation tank of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the second fermentation tank of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the second fermentation tank of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second fermentation tank and the third fermentation tank of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second fermentation tank and the third fermentation tank from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0016] In the figure: 1. main fermentation tank; 2. second fermentation tank; 3. third fermentation tank; 4. second feed port; 5. third feed port; 6. material blocking mechanism; 7. second filter tank; 8. third filter tank; 9. blocking mechanism; 10. light rod; 11. first connecting rod; 12. third sealing plate; 13. protruding platform; 14. second connecting rod; 15. second sealing plate; 16. cylinder; 17. rotating column; 18. rectangular platform; 19. slide bar; 20. spring; 21. sleeve; 22. frame slot; 23. push-pull rod; 24. third seal; 25. cross bar; 26. second seal; 27. turntable; 28. limit plate; 29. cylinder; 30. stepper motor; 31. first filter hole; 32. first discharge pipe; 33. discharge pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0019] like Figures 1-10 The multi-stage fermentation tank for biomass energy production shown in the figure includes a main fermentation tank 1, a second fermentation tank 2 is installed at the middle end of the main fermentation tank 1, a third fermentation tank 3 is arranged at the middle end of the second fermentation tank 2, four second feed ports 4 are evenly opened at the bottom of the second fermentation tank 2, four third feed ports 5 are evenly opened at the bottom of the third fermentation tank 3, the second feed ports 4 correspond to the third feed ports 5, and a blocking mechanism 6 is arranged at the bottom end of the third fermentation tank 3, which is used to block the second feed ports 4 and the third feed ports 5, ten second filter tanks 7 are evenly opened on the top of the second fermentation tank 2, ten third filter tanks 8 are evenly opened on the top of the third fermentation tank 3, and the second filter tank 7 corresponds to the third filter tank 8. A sealing mechanism 9 is provided at the top of the inside of the third fermentation tank 3. The sealing mechanism 9 is used to seal the second filter tank 7 and the third filter tank 8. By installing the second fermentation tank 2 and the third fermentation tank 3 inside the main fermentation tank 1, fermentation in stages helps to improve the overall fermentation efficiency and product quality, and also makes the fermentation process monitoring more detailed. Under the action of the material blocking mechanism 6, excessive or premature entry of materials can be avoided, ensuring that the fermentation process is strictly carried out in accordance with the preset process and rhythm. At the same time, under the action of the sealing mechanism 9, when there is no material in the secondary fermentation bin, the gas generated by the fermentation material in the primary fermentation bin can be accurately isolated to prevent the gas from spreading disorderly to other fermentation bins.

[0020] A primary fermentation tank is set between the main fermentation tank 1 and the second fermentation tank 2, a secondary fermentation tank is set between the second fermentation tank 2 and the third fermentation tank 3, and a tertiary fermentation tank is set inside the third fermentation tank 3, dividing the fermentation process into a primary fermentation tank, a secondary fermentation tank and a tertiary fermentation tank. Different fermentation tanks can create suitable fermentation conditions according to the characteristics of different stages of biomass fermentation. The primary fermentation tank can focus on the initial hydrolysis and partial acidification reaction of the material; the secondary fermentation tank further promotes the decomposition of organic matter and the conversion of intermediate products on the basis of the primary fermentation; the tertiary fermentation tank focuses more on the final gas production and product generation. This staged fermentation helps to improve the overall fermentation efficiency and product quality, making the monitoring of the fermentation process more detailed. The top of the main fermentation tank 1 is at A first filter hole 31 is connected above the primary fermentation bin. During the fermentation process of the material in the primary fermentation bin, the generated gas, liquid and solid can be preliminarily separated. The gas generated by the fermentation can be discharged through the first filter hole 31 to avoid excessive accumulation of gas in the main fermentation tank 1 and affecting the fermentation environment. Two first discharge pipes 32 are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the main fermentation tank 1 and on the side of the primary fermentation bin. One of the first discharge pipes 32 is used to feed the main fermentation tank 1, and the other first discharge pipe 32 is used to discharge the main fermentation tank 1. This layout design makes the feeding and discharging operations of the main fermentation tank 1 more convenient and orderly. Separate feeding and discharging can avoid mutual interference of materials during feeding and discharging, and ensure smooth feeding and thorough discharging.

[0021] The tops of the second fermentation tank 2 and the third fermentation tank 3 are connected to the top surface inside the main fermentation tank 1, the bottom of the second fermentation tank 2 is connected to the bottom surface inside the main fermentation tank 1, and the bottom of the third fermentation tank 3 protrudes from the bottom of the main fermentation tank 1. The bottom ends of the second fermentation tank 2 and the third fermentation tank 3 are connected with a conical plate, and the bottom end of the third fermentation tank 3 is connected with a sealing plate through a flange. Four discharge pipes 33 are evenly installed on the surface of the sealing plate. The top of the second fermentation tank 2 is connected to the top surface inside the main fermentation tank 1, and the bottom is connected to the bottom surface inside the main fermentation tank 1. This upper and lower fixed connection method makes the installation of the second fermentation tank 2 in the main fermentation tank 1 more stable. , which can better withstand the pressure and liquid fluctuations generated during the fermentation process and ensure the stable progress of the fermentation process. The bottom of the third fermentation tank 3 protrudes from the bottom of the main fermentation tank 1, making full use of the space outside the main fermentation tank 1. Without increasing the overall footprint of the main fermentation tank 1, the volume of the third fermentation tank 3 is increased, and the overall fermentation capacity of the fermentation tank is improved. The conical plate design connecting the bottom ends of the second fermentation tank 2 and the third fermentation tank 3 helps to gather materials toward the center during the fermentation process, which is convenient for centralized collection and subsequent processing of materials. This conical structure can also guide the liquid material to flow naturally toward the third feed port 5.

[0022] The height of the third feed port 5 is twice the height of the second feed port 4. The blocking mechanism 6 includes a polished rod 10, which is movably mounted at the center of the third fermentation tank 3. A cylinder 29 is mounted at the bottom of the sealing plate. The output end of the cylinder 29 is connected to the polished rod 10. Four first connecting rods 11 are evenly mounted on the surface of the polished rod 10 near the bottom end. The end of the first connecting rod 11 is connected to a third sealing plate 12. The third sealing plate 12 corresponds to the third feed port 5, and the third sealing plate 12 is close to the inner wall of the third fermentation tank 3. A protruding platform 13 is fixedly mounted on the middle part of the third sealing plate 12 near one end of the inner wall of the third fermentation tank 3. The platform 13 is movable and passes through the third feed port 5. The end of the protruding platform 13 is fixedly installed with a second connecting rod 14. The other end of the second connecting rod 14 is connected to a second sealing plate 15. The second sealing plate 15 cooperates with the second feed port 4, and the second sealing plate 15 is close to the inner wall of the second fermentation tank 2. The material blocking mechanism 6 controls the lifting of the polished rod 10 through the cylinder 29, thereby driving the movement of the first connecting rod 11, the third sealing plate 12, the protruding platform 13, the second connecting rod 14 and the second sealing plate 15. When it is necessary to feed the second fermentation tank 2, the cylinder 29 is actuated, the polished rod 10 is lifted upward, and the first connecting rod 11 will also move upward synchronously When the feed container 1 is opened, the third sealing plate 12 will move upward, and the protruding platform 13 at the other end of the third sealing plate 12 will drive the second sealing plate 15 to move upward through the second connecting rod 14. The second sealing plate 15 moves to the top of the second feeding port 4, so that the material inside the primary fermentation bin can flow into the secondary fermentation bin through the second feeding port 4. At this time, since the height of the third feeding port 5 is twice the height of the second feeding port 4, after the second sealing plate 15 opens the second feeding port 4, the protruding platform 13 will move to the middle of the third feeding port 5, and the third sealing plate 12 still has a blocking effect on the third feeding port 5. Then the cylinder 29 continues to move, and the polished rod 10 continues to lift upward, the first connecting rod 11, the third sealing plate 12, the protruding platform 13, the second connecting rod 14 and the second sealing plate 15 will continue to move upward, so that the bottom of the third feed port 5 will be opened, and the material in the secondary fermentation bin will flow into the tertiary fermentation bin through the third feed port 5. When feeding is not needed, the cylinder 29 reverses and the components are reset to achieve the closure of the second feed port 4 and the third feed port 5. This precise control can accurately control the opening and closing of the feed according to the requirements of the fermentation process, avoid excessive or premature entry of materials, and ensure the stability of the fermentation process.

[0023] The blocking mechanism 9 includes a rotating column 17, which is rotatably mounted inside the third fermentation tank 3, and the rotating column 17 is directly above the polished rod 10. A limit plate 28 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rotating column 17. The diameter of the limit plate 28 is larger than the diameter of the rotating column 17. A sleeve 21 is movably sleeved on the bottom surface of the rotating column 17. Ten frame grooves 22 are evenly opened on the surface of the sleeve 21. A push-pull rod 23 is installed inside the frame groove 22 through a rotating shaft. The other end of the push-pull rod 23 is connected to the third seal through a rotating shaft. The third filter tank 8 is provided with a plurality of sealing members 26, 27 and 28. The sealing member 26 is connected to the sealing member 26 by the plurality of sealing members 26. The sealing member 26 is connected to the plurality of sealing members 26. The sealing member 26 is connected to the plurality of sealing members 26. The sealing member 26 is connected to the plurality of sealing members 26. When the sleeve 21 moves upward along the rotating column 17, the push-pull rod 23 will generate a certain pulling force on the third seal 24. Under the action of the pulling force, the third seal 24 will translate as a whole in the linear slide groove, and the third seal 24 will move toward the inside of the third-level fermentation bin. Under the action of the cross bar 25, the second seal 26 will move synchronously with the third seal 24, and the second seal 26 will move into the secondary fermentation bin, and the cross bar 25 will also be inserted into the linear slide groove. This process completes the opening of the second filter tank 7 and the third filter tank 8.

[0024] The bottom surface of the rotating column 17 is provided with a slide bar 19, and the inside of the sleeve 21 cooperates with the slide bar 19. The slide bar 19 provided on the bottom surface of the rotating column 17 cooperates with the inside of the sleeve 21. The slide bar 19 can slide in the sleeve 21, providing a precise guide for the axial movement of the sleeve 21. This allows the sleeve 21 to move up and down smoothly along the rotating column 17 during the operation of the blocking mechanism 9, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the movement of components such as the push-pull rod 23, the third seal 24 and the second seal 26, thereby improving the second In order to improve the precision of synchronous sealing of the filter tank 7 and the third filter tank 8 and reduce the problem of loose sealing caused by component movement deviation, a rectangular platform 18 is installed on the top of the slide 19. The rectangular platform 18 is directly above the sleeve 21, and a spring 20 is installed between the rectangular platform 18 and the sleeve 21. The spring 20 can push the sleeve 21 downward. When the sealing mechanism 9 is not affected by external force, the elastic force of the spring 20 can ensure that the third seal 24 and the second seal 26 are respectively sealed inside the third filter tank 8 and the second filter tank 7.

[0025] A cylinder 16 is installed on the top of the polished rod 10. The outer diameter of the cylinder 16 is the same as the diameter of the sleeve 21, and the inner diameter of the cylinder 16 is larger than the diameter of the limit plate 28. When the polished rod 10 moves upward, the cylinder 16 will also move upward synchronously. At this time, the cylinder 16 will be sleeved on the outside of the limit plate 28 and have the effect of pushing the bottom of the sleeve 21 upward.

[0026] A stepper motor 30 is installed at the middle end of the top of the main fermentation tank 1. The output end of the stepper motor 30 is connected to the rotating column 17. The stepper motor 30 can drive the rotating column 17 to rotate. When the second seal 26 and the third seal 24 are moved to the secondary fermentation bin and the tertiary fermentation bin respectively, under the action of the slide bar 19, the stepper motor 30 can drive the sleeve 21 to rotate, and under the action of the push-pull rod 23, the third seal 24 will also rotate. At the same time, the third seal 24 will drive the turntable 27, the cross bar 25 and the second seal 26 to rotate synchronously.

[0027] The biomass energy production process includes the following steps: S1. First, confirm that the initial positions of the blocking mechanism 6 and the blocking mechanism 9 are correct, the cylinder 29 is in the retracted state, the third sealing plate 12 and the second sealing plate 15 respectively block the third feed inlet 5 and the second feed inlet 4, and the second sealing strip 26 and the third sealing strip 24 respectively block the second filter tank 7 and the third filter tank 8; S2. The material is transported to the primary fermentation bin of the main fermentation tank 1 through one of the first discharge pipes 32. After the material reacts inside the primary fermentation bin, solid particles are deposited at the bottom of the primary fermentation bin; S3. When it is necessary to feed the secondary fermentation bin, the cylinder 29 is started. The output end of the cylinder 29 pushes the polished rod 10 upward, driving the first connecting rod 11 to move upward synchronously, and the third closing plate 12 also moves upward. The protruding platform 13 at the other end of the third closing plate 12 drives the second closing plate 15 to move upward through the second connecting rod 14, so that the second closing plate 15 moves to the top of the second feeding port 4. At this time, the material inside the primary fermentation bin can flow into the secondary fermentation bin through the second feeding port 4; S4. When the third-stage fermentation bin needs to be fed, the cylinder 29 continues to move, the polished rod 10 continues to lift upward, the first connecting rod 11, the third closing plate 12, the protruding platform 13, the second connecting rod 14 and the second closing plate 15 continue to move upward, opening the bottom of the third feed port 5, and the material in the secondary fermentation bin flows into the tertiary fermentation bin through the third feed port 5; S5. During the activation of the third-level fermentation bin, the light rod 10 moves upward, which will drive the cylinder 16 to move upward synchronously. The cylinder 16 is sleeved on the outside of the limit plate 28 and pushes the sleeve 21 upward. The sleeve 21 moves upward along the rotating column 17, and the push-pull rod 23 generates a pulling force on the third seal 24. Under the action of the pulling force, the third seal 24 as a whole moves horizontally in the linear slide groove and moves toward the inside of the third-level fermentation bin. Under the action of the cross bar 25, the second seal 26 moves synchronously with the third seal 24, and the second seal 26 moves into the secondary fermentation bin. The cross bar 25 is inserted into the linear slide groove to complete the opening of the second filter tank 7 and the third filter tank 8. At this time, the gases inside the first-level fermentation bin, the second-level fermentation bin and the third-level fermentation bin can be evenly mixed.

[0028] Working principle: First, the material is transported to the primary fermentation bin of the main fermentation tank 1 through one of the first discharge pipes 32. After the material reacts inside the primary fermentation bin, the solid particles will be deposited at the bottom of the primary fermentation bin. When there is no material in the secondary fermentation bin and it is necessary to isolate the gas generated by the fermenting material in the primary fermentation bin, under the elastic force of the spring 20, the third seal 24 and the second seal 26 are respectively blocked in the third filter tank 8 and the second filter tank 7, thereby sealing the second filter tank 7 and the third filter tank 8 to prevent disorderly diffusion of gas. Then, when it is necessary to feed the secondary fermentation bin, the cylinder 29 is started, and the output end of the cylinder 29 pushes the light rod 10 upward, driving the first connecting rod 11 to move upward synchronously, and the third sealing plate 12 also moves upward. When the third fermentation bin is in the process of being fed, the cylinder 29 will continue to move, and the polished rod 10 will continue to lift upward. The first connecting rod 11, the third sealing plate 12, the protruding platform 13, the second connecting rod 14 and the second sealing plate 15 will continue to move upward. The third filter tank 7 and the third filter tank 8 are opened and moved to the third fermentation bin. The gases inside the first-level fermentation bin, the second-level fermentation bin and the third-level fermentation bin can be evenly mixed. When the second seal 26 and the third seal 24 are moved to the second-level fermentation bin and the third-level fermentation bin respectively, the stepper motor 30 is started, and the stepper motor 30 drives the rotating column 17 to rotate. Under the action of the slide bar 19, the rotating column 17 drives the sleeve 21 to rotate, and under the action of the push-pull rod 23, the third seal 24 will also rotate. At the same time, the third seal 24 will drive the turntable 27, the cross bar 25 and the second seal 26 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the third seal 24 and the second seal 26 can clean the inner surface of the third filter tank 8 and the second filter tank 7, avoid bubbles driving impurities to block the third filter tank 8 and the second filter tank 7, and ensure normal mixing of the gas.

[0029] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. Various changes and improvements are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and improvements fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A multi-stage fermentation tank for biomass energy production, comprising a main fermentation tank (1), characterized in that: A second fermentation tank (2) is installed at the middle end of the main fermentation tank (1), and a third fermentation tank (3) is arranged at the middle end of the second fermentation tank (2). Four second feed ports (4) are evenly opened at the bottom of the second fermentation tank (2), and four third feed ports (5) are evenly opened at the bottom of the third fermentation tank (3). The second feed ports (4) correspond to the third feed ports (5), and a blocking mechanism (6) is arranged at the bottom end of the third fermentation tank (3). The blocking mechanism (6) is used to block the second feed ports (4) and the third feed ports (5). Ten second filter tanks (7) are evenly opened at the top of the second fermentation tank (2), and ten third filter tanks (8) are evenly opened at the top of the third fermentation tank (3). The second filter tanks (7) correspond to the third filter tanks (8). A blocking mechanism (9) is arranged at the top end of the third fermentation tank (3). The blocking mechanism (9) is used to block the second filter tanks (7) and the third filter tanks (8).

2. The multi-stage fermentation tank for biomass energy production according to claim 1, characterized in that: A primary fermentation tank is provided between the main fermentation tank (1) and the second fermentation tank (2), a secondary fermentation tank is provided between the second fermentation tank (2) and the third fermentation tank (3), and a tertiary fermentation tank is provided inside the third fermentation tank (3). A first filter hole (31) is connected to the top of the main fermentation tank (1) and above the primary fermentation tank, and two first discharge pipes (32) are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the main fermentation tank (1) and on the side of the primary fermentation tank, wherein one of the first discharge pipes (32) is used for feeding the main fermentation tank (1), and the other first discharge pipe (32) is used for discharging the main fermentation tank (1).

3. The multi-stage fermentation tank for biomass energy production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tops of the second fermentation tank (2) and the third fermentation tank (3) are connected to the top surface of the interior of the main fermentation tank (1), the bottom of the second fermentation tank (2) is connected to the bottom surface of the interior of the main fermentation tank (1), the bottom of the third fermentation tank (3) protrudes from the bottom of the main fermentation tank (1), the bottom ends of the second fermentation tank (2) and the third fermentation tank (3) are connected with a conical plate, the bottom end of the third fermentation tank (3) is connected with a sealing plate through a flange, and four discharge pipes (33) are evenly installed on the surface of the sealing plate.

4. The multi-stage fermentation tank for biomass energy production according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the third feed port (5) is twice the height of the second feed port (4). The blocking mechanism (6) includes a light rod (10), which is movably installed at the center of the third fermentation tank (3). A cylinder (29) is installed at the bottom of the sealing plate. The output end of the cylinder (29) is connected to the light rod (10). Four first connecting rods (11) are evenly installed on the surface of the light rod (10) near the bottom end. The end of the first connecting rod (11) is connected to a third sealing plate (12). The third sealing plate (12) corresponds to the third feed port (5). , and the third sealing plate (12) is close to the inner wall of the third fermentation tank (3), and a protruding platform (13) is fixedly installed on the middle part of the third sealing plate (12) near one end of the inner wall of the third fermentation tank (3), and the protruding platform (13) movably passes through the third feed port (5), and a second connecting rod (14) is fixedly installed on the end of the protruding platform (13), and the other end of the second connecting rod (14) is connected to a second sealing plate (15), and the second sealing plate (15) cooperates with the second feed port (4), and the second sealing plate (15) is close to the inner wall of the second fermentation tank (2).

5. The multi-stage fermentation tank for biomass energy production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blocking mechanism (9) includes a rotating column (17), which is rotatably mounted inside the third fermentation tank (3), and the rotating column (17) is located directly above the light rod (10). A limit plate (28) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rotating column (17), and the diameter of the limit plate (28) is larger than the diameter of the rotating column (17). A sleeve (21) is movably sleeved on the bottom surface of the rotating column (17), and ten frame grooves (22) are evenly formed on the surface of the sleeve (21). A push-pull rod (23) is mounted inside the frame groove (22) via a rotating shaft, and the other end of the push-pull rod (23) is connected to a A third seal (24), the third seal (24) is movably engaged in the third filter tank (8), a cross bar (25) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the other end of the third seal (24), the other end of the cross bar (25) is fixedly connected to a second seal (26), the second seal (26) is movably engaged in the second filter tank (7), a turntable (27) is rotatably installed on the surface of the third fermentation tank (3) and below the third filter tank (8), a linear slide groove is opened on the surface of the turntable (27), the bottom of the third seal (24) is slidably installed in the linear slide groove, and the cross bar (25) is movably inserted in the linear slide groove.

6. The multi-stage fermentation tank for biomass energy production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the rotating column (17) is provided with a slide bar (19), the interior of the sleeve (21) cooperates with the slide bar (19), a rectangular platform (18) is installed on the top of the slide bar (19), the rectangular platform (18) is located directly above the sleeve (21), and a spring (20) is installed between the rectangular platform (18) and the sleeve (21).

7. The multi-stage fermentation tank for biomass energy production according to claim 6, characterized in that: A cylinder (16) is installed on the top of the polished rod (10), the outer diameter of the cylinder (16) is the same as the diameter of the sleeve (21), and the inner diameter of the cylinder (16) is larger than the diameter of the limiting plate (28).

8. The multi-stage fermentation tank for biomass energy production according to claim 7, characterized in that: A stepping motor (30) is installed at the middle end of the top of the main fermentation tank (1), and the output end of the stepping motor (30) is connected to the rotating column (17).

9. The biomass energy production process using the fermentation tank as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. First, confirm that the initial positions of the components of the blocking mechanism (6) and the blocking mechanism (9) are correct, the cylinder (29) is in a retracted state, the third sealing plate (12) and the second sealing plate (15) respectively block the third feed inlet (5) and the second feed inlet (4), and the second sealing strip (26) and the third sealing strip (24) respectively block the second filter tank (7) and the third filter tank (8); S2, transporting material into the primary fermentation bin of the main fermentation tank (1) through one of the first discharge pipes (32), and after the material reacts inside the primary fermentation bin, solid particles will be deposited at the bottom of the primary fermentation bin; S3. When it is necessary to feed the secondary fermentation bin, the cylinder (29) is started, and the output end of the cylinder (29) pushes the light rod (10) upward, driving the first connecting rod (11) to move upward synchronously, and the third sealing plate (12) also moves upward. The protruding platform (13) at the other end of the third sealing plate (12) drives the second sealing plate (15) to move upward through the second connecting rod (14), so that the second sealing plate (15) moves to the top of the second feed port (4). At this time, the material inside the primary fermentation bin can flow into the secondary fermentation bin through the second feed port (4); S4. When the third-stage fermentation bin needs to be fed, the cylinder (29) continues to move, the light rod (10) continues to lift upward, the first connecting rod (11), the third sealing plate (12), the protruding platform (13), the second connecting rod (14) and the second sealing plate (15) continue to move upward, opening the bottom of the third feeding port (5), and the material in the second-stage fermentation bin flows into the third-stage fermentation bin through the third feeding port (5); S5. During the activation of the third-stage fermentation bin, the light rod (10) moves upward, which drives the cylinder (16) to move upward synchronously. The cylinder (16) is sleeved on the outer side of the limit plate (28) and pushes the sleeve (21) upward. The sleeve (21) moves upward along the rotating column (17). The push-pull rod (23) generates a pulling force on the third seal (24). Under the action of the pulling force, the third seal (24) as a whole moves horizontally in the linear slide and moves toward the inside of the third-stage fermentation bin. Under the action of the cross bar (25), the second seal (26) moves synchronously with the third seal (24). The second seal (26) moves to the second-stage fermentation bin. The cross bar (25) is inserted into the linear slide to complete the opening of the second filter tank (7) and the third filter tank (8). At this time, the gases inside the first-stage fermentation bin, the second-stage fermentation bin and the third-stage fermentation bin can be evenly mixed.

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