Metallurgy blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgical blast furnaces, and discloses a metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device which comprises a furnace body. The outer cover is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the furnace body; the cover is arranged at the top of the furnace body; the recovery mechanism is arranged on the furnace body, and the recovery mechanism is used for recovering smoke heat at the top and removing toxic substances; and the separating mechanism is arranged on the recycling mechanism. According to the metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device, the recovery mechanism is arranged, high-temperature flue gas in the furnace enters the annular connecting pipe through the top connecting pipe and the top connector, heat is transferred to the outer wall of the furnace body from the flue gas according to the heat transfer principle, heat loss of the furnace body is reduced, heat efficiency is improved, and primary utilization of waste heat is achieved; and meanwhile, the flue gas is in full contact with the filtering liquid in the solution tank through the inclined gas spraying holes of the hollow connecting disc, so that harmful substances in the flue gas are removed, and the flue gas is purified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgical blast furnaces, and in particular to a metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device. Background Art

[0002] The blast furnace uses steel plates as the furnace shell and is lined with refractory bricks inside the shell. The blast furnace body is divided into the throat, furnace body, furnace waist, furnace belly and hearth from top to bottom. The blast furnace ironmaking technology has good economic indicators, simple process, large production volume, high labor productivity and low energy consumption.

[0003] Traditional metallurgical blast furnace systems suffer from serious operational flaws. From an energy utilization perspective, heat transfer follows the natural law of heat flow from high-temperature objects to low-temperature objects, just as hot water naturally dissipates heat into the surrounding environment. However, traditional metallurgical blast furnaces lack effective heat dissipation and recovery mechanisms, resulting in the direct discharge of high-temperature flue gases generated by fuel combustion within the furnace. This dissipates a significant amount of heat into the environment, like spilled water, and cannot be reused. This not only results in low furnace thermal efficiency but also wastes precious energy resources, increasing the cost of metallurgical production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical problems solved

[0005] In response to the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device, which solves the problem that traditional metallurgical blast furnace systems lack effective guidance and heat recovery mechanisms, resulting in direct discharge of high-temperature flue gas in the furnace.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device, comprising: a furnace body; an outer cover, the outer cover is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the furnace body; a cover, the cover is arranged on the top of the furnace body; a recovery mechanism, the recovery mechanism is arranged on the furnace body, the recovery mechanism is used to recover the heat of the flue gas at the top and remove toxic substances; a separation mechanism, the separation mechanism is arranged on the recovery mechanism, the separation mechanism is used to separate the liquid in the flue gas and store it; a cooling mechanism, the cooling mechanism is arranged on the separation mechanism, the cooling mechanism is used to blow air to cool the separation mechanism; a replenishing mechanism, the replenishing mechanism is arranged between the separation mechanism and the recovery mechanism The mechanism is used to replenish the liquid stored in the separation mechanism to the recovery mechanism as needed; the recovery mechanism includes: a top connecting pipe, one end of the top connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cover, the other end of the top connecting pipe is fixedly connected to a top connecting head, the bottom of the top connecting head is connected to an annular connecting pipe, the annular connecting pipe is located in the cavity between the furnace body and the outer cover, the bottom of the annular connecting pipe is connected to a bottom connecting pipe, the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cover is fixedly connected to a solution tank, the bottom of the bottom connecting pipe is rotatably connected to a hollow connecting disk, a plurality of oblique air jets are arranged in a circular array on the hollow connecting disk, and an exhaust port is fixedly connected to the outer cover.

[0008] Preferably, a discharge port is provided on the furnace body, a support arm is provided on the inner wall of the solution tank, and the inner wall of the support arm is connected to the bottom connecting pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the separation mechanism includes an L-shaped tube, one end of the L-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the exhaust port, the other end of the L-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the separation tube, the top of the separation tube is fixedly connected to the S-shaped tube, the outer wall array of the S-shaped tube is provided with a heat conducting plate, the bottom of the separation tube is fixedly connected to the storage tank, the middle part of the separation tube is connected to the L-shaped tube, the bottom of the storage tank is provided with a support seat, the storage tank is provided with a support frame, the support frame is connected to the S-shaped tube at one end away from the storage tank, and is used to stably support the S-shaped tube.

[0010] Preferably, the cooling mechanism includes an active rod and a transmission belt, the top of the active rod is fixedly connected to the hollow connecting disk, a driven rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support seat, the active rod and the driven rod are connected by a transmission belt, the top of the driven rod is fixedly connected to a fan blade, and the outer wall of the storage tank is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the replenishing mechanism includes a reflux pipe, one end of which is fixedly connected to the storage tank, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the solution tank, to which a liquid level detector is fixedly connected, and an intelligent solenoid valve is provided on the reflux pipe, which is connected to the liquid level detector.

[0012] Preferably, the bending portion of the L-shaped tube adopts an arc transition, and the inner wall of the separation tube is provided with a spiral guide groove.

[0013] Preferably, a one-way valve is provided at the exhaust port, and a liquid level observation window is provided at the top of the storage tank.

[0014] Preferably, the outer cover and the furnace body are sealed and the inner wall of the solution tank is provided with an anti-corrosion layer.

[0015] Preferably, an inspection door is provided on the outer cover, and a pressure sensor is provided inside the furnace body.

[0016] (3) Beneficial effects

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device utilizes a recovery mechanism to allow the high-temperature flue gas in the furnace to enter the annular connecting pipe through the top connecting pipe and the top connecting head. The heat is transferred from the flue gas to the outer wall of the furnace body by the heat transfer principle, thereby reducing heat loss from the furnace body, improving thermal efficiency and realizing the initial utilization of waste heat. At the same time, the flue gas is fully contacted with the filtrate in the solution tank through the oblique air jet of the hollow connecting plate, thereby removing harmful substances in the flue gas and purifying the flue gas.

[0019] 2. The metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device uses a separation mechanism to allow the hot gas discharged from the exhaust port to pass through the L-shaped tube and the separation tube into the S-shaped tube. The heat dissipation of the hot gas is accelerated by the heat conducting plate, so that the filtrate in the hot gas is separated into liquid due to phase change due to temperature change and collected into the storage tank through the separation tube, thus realizing gas-liquid separation and obtaining relatively pure hot gas discharge.

[0020] 3. The metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device utilizes a cooling mechanism. When the hollow connecting disk rotates, it drives the active rod, and the driven rod and fan blades rotate through the transmission belt. The wind blows upward from the bottom of the storage tank through the arc-shaped sleeve and blows toward the S-shaped tube, accelerating the heat dissipation rate of the heat conducting plate on the outer wall of the S-shaped tube, enhancing the cooling effect of the flue gas in the S-shaped tube, and further promoting the separation of substances in the flue gas.

[0021] 4. This metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device uses a replenishment mechanism to monitor the liquid level in the solution tank in real time through a liquid level detector. When the liquid level is lower than the set optimal value, the intelligent solenoid valve opens, allowing the liquid in the storage tank to flow into the solution tank through the reflux pipe; when the liquid level rises to the appropriate height, the intelligent solenoid valve closes, realizing automatic monitoring and replenishment of the solution tank liquid level, ensuring that there is sufficient filtered liquid in the solution tank to continuously purify the flue gas and maintain stable operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the outer cover cross section of a metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a heat conducting plate of a metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-section of a solution tank of a metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of an arc-shaped sleeve cross-section of a metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cooling mechanism of a metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device proposed by the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. furnace body; 2. outer cover; 3. discharge port; 4. lid; 5. recovery mechanism; 51. top connecting pipe; 52. top connecting head; 53. ring-shaped connecting pipe; 54. bottom connecting pipe; 55. solution tank; 56. hollow connecting plate; 57. oblique jet nozzle; 58. exhaust port; 6. separation mechanism; 61. L-shaped pipe; 62. separation pipe; 63. S-shaped pipe; 64. support frame; 65. storage tank; 66. heat conducting plate; 67. support seat; 7. cooling mechanism; 71. active rod; 72. transmission belt; 73. driven rod; 74. fan blade; 75. arc sleeve; 8. replenishment mechanism; 81. reflux pipe; 82. liquid level detector; 83. intelligent solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See also Figures 1-6A metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device includes: a furnace body 1; an outer cover 2, the outer cover 2 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the furnace body 1; a cover 4, the cover 4 is arranged on the top of the furnace body 1; a recovery mechanism 5, the recovery mechanism 5 is arranged on the furnace body 1, and the recovery mechanism 5 is used to recover the heat of the flue gas at the top and remove toxic substances; a separation mechanism 6, the separation mechanism 6 is arranged on the recovery mechanism 5, and the separation mechanism 6 is used to separate the liquid in the flue gas and store it; a cooling mechanism 7, the cooling mechanism 7 is arranged on the separation mechanism 6, and the cooling mechanism 7 is used to blow air to cool the separation mechanism 6; a replenishing mechanism 8, the replenishing mechanism 8 is arranged between the separation mechanism 6 and the recovery mechanism 5, and is used to replenish the liquid stored in the separation mechanism 6 on demand Supplement to the recovery mechanism 5; the recovery mechanism 5 includes: a top connecting pipe 51, one end of the top connecting pipe 51 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lid 4, the other end of the top connecting pipe 51 is fixedly connected to a top connecting head 52, the bottom of the top connecting head 52 is connected to an annular connecting pipe 53, the annular connecting pipe 53 is located in the cavity between the furnace body 1 and the outer cover 2, the bottom of the annular connecting pipe 53 is connected to a bottom connecting pipe 54, the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cover 2 is fixedly connected to a solution tank 55 for accommodating the filtrate, the bottom of the bottom connecting pipe 54 is rotatably connected to a hollow connecting disk 56, a plurality of oblique air jets 57 are arranged in a circumferential array on the hollow connecting disk 56, and an exhaust port 58 is fixedly connected to the outer cover 2. When the metallurgical blast furnace is in operation, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of fuel in the furnace body 1 naturally flows toward the furnace top due to the pressure in the furnace and the rising characteristics of the hot flue gas, and enters the top connecting pipe 51 through the reserved channel in the cover 4, which can ensure the smooth guidance of the flue gas. Then the flue gas comes to the top connecting head 52 which plays a transition and turning role, and is smoothly guided to the annular connecting pipe 53 located in the cavity between the furnace body 1 and the outer cover 2. The annular connecting pipe 53 is arranged around the furnace body 1, and utilizes the temperature difference between the internal high-temperature flue gas and the outer wall of the furnace body 1 to transfer heat from the flue gas to the outer wall of the furnace body 1 according to the heat transfer principle, thereby reducing the heat loss of the furnace body 1, improving the thermal efficiency and realizing the initial utilization of the waste heat. The outer cover 2 provides protection and insulation. After that, the flue gas passes through the bottom connecting pipe 54 from The annular connecting pipe 53 transitions to the hollow connecting disk 56, and the bottom connecting pipe 54 serves as a connection. The hollow connecting disk 56 is hollow inside and has a plurality of oblique air jets 57 distributed in a circumferential array. After the flue gas enters, it is discharged into the solution tank 55 through the oblique air jets 57. The oblique design of the oblique air jets 57 allows the reaction force of the flue gas to push the hollow connecting disk 56 to rotate when the flue gas is ejected, allowing the flue gas to enter the filtrate in the solution tank 55 at different angles and directions, thereby increasing the contact area and time between the flue gas and the filtrate. The filtrate in the solution tank 55 can remove harmful substances in the flue gas through chemical reactions or physical adsorption. The purified flue gas moves upward and is discharged through the exhaust port 58 equipped with monitoring and control equipment on the outer cover 2.

[0031] A discharge port 3 is provided on the furnace body 1 , and a support arm is provided on the inner wall of the solution tank 55 . The inner wall of the support arm is connected to the bottom connecting pipe 54 for stably supporting the bottom connecting pipe 54 .

[0032] The separation mechanism 6 includes an L-shaped tube 61, one end of which is fixedly connected to the exhaust port 58. The other end of the L-shaped tube 61 is fixedly connected to a separation tube 62. The top of the separation tube 62 is fixedly connected to an S-shaped tube 63. The outer wall of the S-shaped tube 63 is provided with an array of heat conducting fins 66. The bottom of the separation tube 62 is fixedly connected to a storage tank 65. The middle of the separation tube 62 is connected to the L-shaped tube 61. The bottom of the storage tank 65 is provided with a support base 67. The storage tank 65 is provided with a support frame 64. The end of the support frame 64 away from the storage tank 65 is connected to the S-shaped tube 63 to provide stable support for the S-shaped tube 63. The hot gas discharged from the exhaust port 58 enters the separation mechanism 6, first passes through the L-shaped tube 61, enters the separation tube 62, and then enters the S-shaped tube 63. The heat conducting fins 66 arranged on the outer wall of the S-shaped tube 63 accelerate the heat dissipation of the hot gas. When the hot gas temperature drops, the filtrate in the hot gas undergoes a phase change due to the temperature change, turning into a liquid state and being separated from the hot gas. The separated filtrate will fall down and enter the storage tank 65 fixed at the bottom through the separation pipe 62 for collection. The support base 67 at the bottom of the storage tank 65 plays a role in supporting and stabilizing the storage tank 65. The separated and relatively pure hot gas continues to be discharged from the S-shaped pipe 63.

[0033] The cooling mechanism 7 includes an active rod 71 and a transmission belt 72. The top of the active rod 71 is fixedly connected to the hollow connecting plate 56. A driven rod 73 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support seat 67. The active rod 71 and the driven rod 73 are connected by a transmission belt 72. The top of the driven rod 73 is fixedly connected to a fan blade 74. The outer wall of the storage tank 65 is fixedly connected to an arc sleeve 75. When the metallurgical blast furnace is running, the hollow connecting plate 56 rotates due to the reaction force of the flue gas ejected from the oblique air jet 57. This rotation drives the active rod 71 fixedly connected thereto to rotate. The active rod 71 transmits power to the driven rod 73 through the transmission belt 72, causing the driven rod 73 to also start to rotate, and the fan blade 74 fixedly connected to the top of the driven rod 73 rotates accordingly. The rotation of the fan blade 74 generates wind force, and the wind blows upward from the bottom of the storage tank 65. After being guided by the arc sleeve 75, the wind moves in the direction of the S-shaped tube 63. By blowing air toward the S-shaped tube 63, the heat dissipation rate of the heat conducting plate 66 on the outer wall of the S-shaped tube 63 can be accelerated, thereby enhancing the cooling effect on the flue gas in the S-shaped tube 63, thereby further promoting the separation of substances in the flue gas.

[0034] The replenishing mechanism 8 includes a reflux pipe 81, one end of which is fixedly connected to the storage tank 65, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the solution tank 55. The solution tank 55 is fixedly connected with a liquid level detector 82. The reflux pipe 81 is provided with an intelligent solenoid valve 83, which is connected to the liquid level detector 82. When the metallurgical blast furnace is in operation, the filtrate in the solution tank 55 continuously purifies the flue gas. As time goes by, the filtrate will cause the liquid level to drop due to various reaction consumption or evaporation. At this time, the liquid level detector 82 comes into play. It can monitor the liquid level in the solution tank 55 in real time. When the liquid level detector 82 detects that the liquid level in the solution tank 55 is lower than the set optimal value, it will transmit this signal. The intelligent solenoid valve 83 connected thereto is given, and after receiving the signal, the intelligent solenoid valve 83 opens according to the instruction, so that the liquid in the storage tank 65 flows into the solution tank 55 through the reflux pipe 81. As the liquid flows in, the liquid level in the solution tank 55 gradually rises. When the liquid level detector 82 detects that the liquid level has risen to an appropriate height, it will send a signal to the intelligent solenoid valve 83 again. After receiving the signal, the intelligent solenoid valve 83 closes and stops replenishing liquid to the solution tank 55. This cycle is repeated. The replenishment mechanism 8 realizes automatic monitoring and replenishment of the liquid level of the solution tank 55 through the coordinated work of the liquid level detector 82 and the intelligent solenoid valve 83, ensuring that there is enough filtered liquid in the solution tank 55 to continuously purify the flue gas and maintain the stable operation of the entire metallurgical blast furnace system.

[0035] The bends of the L-shaped tube 61 are circular, reducing resistance to flue gas flow. The inner wall of the separation tube 62 is equipped with spiral guide grooves to enhance separation. These grooves cause the fluid near the wall to spiral, generating localized secondary flow. The higher fluid velocity in the center of the tube causes centrifugal force to move toward the tube wall, creating a low-pressure zone. Under the influence of the pressure differential, the fluid flows from the outer edge along the upper and lower portions of the tube back to the inner side, generating secondary flow within the tube cross-section, increasing fluid turbulence and thus enhancing the separation process. A check valve is installed at the exhaust port 58 to prevent flue gas backflow. A liquid level observation window is located at the top of the storage tank 65 for easy liquid level monitoring. The outer housing 2 and furnace body 1 are sealed to prevent flue gas leakage. The inner wall of the solution tank 55 is coated with an anti-corrosion coating to protect the filtrate from corrosion. The outer housing 2 is equipped with an inspection door with sealing strips to facilitate access to internal mechanisms and ensure a tight seal. A pressure sensor is installed within the furnace body 1 to provide a timely alarm when the furnace pressure is abnormal.

[0036] In summary, in the metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device, when the metallurgical blast furnace is in operation, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the fuel in the furnace body 1 naturally flows toward the furnace top due to the pressure in the furnace and the rising characteristics of the hot flue gas, and enters the top connecting pipe 51 through the reserved channel in the cover 4, which can ensure the smooth guidance of the flue gas. Then the flue gas comes to the top connecting head 52 which plays a transition and turning role, and is smoothly guided to the annular connecting pipe 53 located in the cavity between the furnace body 1 and the outer cover 2. The annular connecting pipe 53 is arranged around the furnace body 1, and utilizes the temperature difference between the internal high-temperature flue gas and the outer wall of the furnace body 1 to transfer heat from the flue gas to the outer wall of the furnace body 1 according to the heat transfer principle, thereby reducing the heat loss of the furnace body 1, improving the thermal efficiency and realizing the initial utilization of the waste heat. The outer cover 2 protects and insulates, and then the flue gas The bottom connecting pipe 54 transitions from the annular connecting pipe 53 to the hollow connecting disk 56. The bottom connecting pipe 54 serves as a connection. The hollow connecting disk 56 is hollow inside and has a plurality of oblique jet ports 57 distributed in a circumferential array. After the flue gas enters, it is discharged into the solution tank 55 through the oblique jet ports 57. The oblique design of the oblique jet ports 57 allows the reaction force of the flue gas to rotate when it is ejected, allowing the flue gas to enter the filtrate in the solution tank 55 at different angles and directions, thereby increasing the contact area and time between the flue gas and the filtrate. The filtrate in the solution tank 55 can remove harmful substances in the flue gas through chemical reactions or physical adsorption. The purified flue gas moves upward and is discharged through the exhaust port 58 equipped with monitoring and control equipment on the outer cover 2.

[0037] Hot gas exiting exhaust port 58 enters separation mechanism 6, first passing through L-shaped tube 61 and into separation tube 62. It then enters S-shaped tube 63, whose outer wall features an array of heat-conducting fins 66 that accelerate heat dissipation. As the hot gas cools, the filtrate in the hot gas undergoes a phase change, becoming liquid and separating from the hot gas. This separated filtrate falls downward through separation tube 62 and enters a storage tank 65 fixed to the bottom for collection. A support base 67 at the bottom of storage tank 65 supports and stabilizes storage tank 65. The purified hot gas, having been separated, continues to exit S-shaped tube 63.

[0038] When the metallurgical blast furnace is in operation, the hollow connecting plate 56 rotates due to the reaction force of the flue gas ejected from the oblique air jet 57. This rotation drives the active rod 71 fixedly connected thereto to rotate. The active rod 71 transmits power to the driven rod 73 through the transmission belt 72, causing the driven rod 73 to also start to rotate. The fan blades 74 fixedly connected to the top of the driven rod 73 rotate accordingly. The rotation of the fan blades 74 generates wind force. The wind blows upward from the bottom of the storage tank 65, and moves in the direction of the S-shaped tube 63 through the guidance of the arc sleeve 75. By blowing air toward the S-shaped tube 63, the heat dissipation rate of the heat conducting plate 66 on the outer wall of the S-shaped tube 63 can be accelerated, thereby enhancing the cooling effect on the flue gas in the S-shaped tube 63, thereby further promoting the separation of substances in the flue gas.

[0039] The filtrate in the solution tank 55 continuously purifies the flue gas. Over time, the filtrate will cause the liquid level to drop due to various reaction consumption or evaporation. At this time, the liquid level detector 82 comes into play. It can monitor the liquid level in the solution tank 55 in real time. When the liquid level detector 82 detects that the liquid level in the solution tank 55 is lower than the set optimal value, it will transmit this signal to the intelligent solenoid valve 83 connected to it. After receiving the signal, the intelligent solenoid valve 83 opens according to the instruction, allowing the liquid in the storage tank 65 to flow into the solution tank 55 through the return pipe 81. As the liquid flows in, the liquid level in the solution tank 55 gradually rises. When the liquid level detector 82 detects that the liquid level has risen to an appropriate height, it will again send a signal to the intelligent solenoid valve 83. After receiving the signal, the intelligent solenoid valve 83 closes and stops replenishing liquid to the solution tank 55. This cycle repeats. The replenishment mechanism 8 realizes automatic monitoring and replenishment of the liquid level in the solution tank 55 through the coordinated work of the liquid level detector 82 and the intelligent solenoid valve 83, ensuring that there is sufficient filtrate in the solution tank 55 to continuously purify the flue gas and maintain the stable operation of the entire metallurgical blast furnace system.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

Claims

1. A metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device, characterized by: include: Furnace body (1); An outer cover (2), the outer cover (2) being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the furnace body (1); a cover (4), the cover (4) being arranged on the top of the furnace body (1); A recovery mechanism (5), the recovery mechanism (5) being arranged on the furnace body (1), and the recovery mechanism (5) being used to recover the heat of the flue gas at the top and remove toxic substances; A separation mechanism (6), the separation mechanism (6) being arranged on the recovery mechanism (5), and the separation mechanism (6) being used to separate liquid from the flue gas and store the liquid; A cooling mechanism (7), the cooling mechanism (7) being arranged on the separation mechanism (6), and the cooling mechanism (7) being used to blow air to cool the separation mechanism (6); a replenishing mechanism (8), the replenishing mechanism (8) being arranged between the separating mechanism (6) and the recovering mechanism (5), and being used to replenish the liquid stored in the separating mechanism (6) into the recovering mechanism (5) as needed; The recovery mechanism (5) comprises: A top connecting pipe (51), one end of the top connecting pipe (51) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cover (4), the other end of the top connecting pipe (51) is fixedly connected to a top connecting head (52), the bottom of the top connecting head (52) is connected to an annular connecting pipe (53), the annular connecting pipe (53) is located in the cavity between the furnace body (1) and the outer cover (2), the bottom of the annular connecting pipe (53) is connected to a bottom connecting pipe (54), the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cover (2) is fixedly connected to a solution tank (55), the bottom of the bottom connecting pipe (54) is rotatably connected to a hollow connecting disk (56), a plurality of oblique air jets (57) are arranged in a circumferential array on the hollow connecting disk (56), and an exhaust port (58) is fixedly connected to the outer cover (2).

2. The metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge port (3) is provided on the furnace body (1), and a support arm is provided on the inner wall of the solution tank (55), and the inner wall of the support arm is connected to the bottom connecting pipe (54).

3. The metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The separation mechanism (6) comprises an L-shaped tube (61), one end of the L-shaped tube (61) is fixedly connected to the exhaust port (58), the other end of the L-shaped tube (61) is fixedly connected to a separation tube (62), the top of the separation tube (62) is fixedly connected to an S-shaped tube (63), the outer wall of the S-shaped tube (63) is provided with a heat conducting plate (66) in an array, the bottom of the separation tube (62) is fixedly connected to a storage tank (65), the middle of the separation tube (62) is connected to the L-shaped tube (61), the bottom of the storage tank (65) is provided with a support seat (67), and a support frame (64) is provided on the storage tank (65), and the end of the support frame (64) away from the storage tank (65) is connected to the S-shaped tube (63) for stably supporting the S-shaped tube (63).

4. The metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling mechanism (7) comprises an active rod (71) and a transmission belt (72); the top of the active rod (71) is fixedly connected to the hollow connecting disk (56); a driven rod (73) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support seat (67); the active rod (71) and the driven rod (73) are connected in transmission via the transmission belt (72); a fan blade (74) is fixedly connected to the top of the driven rod (73); and an arc-shaped sleeve (75) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the storage tank (65).

5. The metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The replenishing mechanism (8) includes a reflux pipe (81), one end of which is fixedly connected to the storage tank (65), and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the solution tank (55). A liquid level detector (82) is fixedly connected to the solution tank (55). An intelligent solenoid valve (83) is provided on the reflux pipe (81), and the intelligent solenoid valve (83) is connected to the liquid level detector (82).

6. The metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bending portion of the L-shaped tube (61) adopts an arc transition, and the inner wall of the separation tube (62) is provided with a spiral guide groove.

7. The metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A one-way valve is provided at the exhaust port (58), and a liquid level observation window is provided at the top of the storage tank (65).

8. The metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer cover (2) and the furnace body (1) are sealed and connected, and the inner wall of the solution tank (55) is provided with an anti-corrosion layer.

9. The metallurgical blast furnace gas waste heat recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An inspection door is provided on the outer cover (2), and a pressure sensor is provided inside the furnace body (1).

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