Cold-sprayed high-wear-resistant corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal surface engineering, and particularly relates to a cold-spraying high-abrasion-resistant corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method of the cold-spraying high-abrasion-resistant corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating comprises the steps of titanium-based composite powder improvement, particle size distribution of the titanium-based composite powder, preparation of the cold-spraying high-abrasion-resistant corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating and preparation of the cold-spraying high-abrasion-resistant corrosion-resistant titanium The method comprises the following steps: depositing titanium-based composite powder on the surface of a base material by adopting a cold spraying process to prepare a titanium-based composite coating, and carrying out gradient heat treatment on the titanium-based composite coating to prepare the cold-sprayed titanium-based composite coating with high wear resistance and corrosion resistance. According to the method, through cooperation of composite powder modification, powder particle size grading and a gradient heat treatment process, the method has the advantages that spraying powder raw materials can be sprayed, the cost is low, and the coating structure is uniform, and the prepared titanium-based composite coating is excellent in wear resistance and corrosion resistance and can be applied on a large scale.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal surface engineering, and particularly relates to a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cold spray technology is a coating preparation method based on high-speed solid-state particle deposition. It uses high-pressure gas (such as air, nitrogen, helium, etc.) to form a supersonic gas-solid two-phase flow through a Laval nozzle. The powder particles (metal powder, metal-based composite powder, ceramic powder, etc.) are accelerated to impact the substrate surface at a low temperature. The collision between the powder and the powder / substrate causes severe plastic deformation, and a dense coating is formed through mechanisms such as mechanical meshing and metallurgical bonding. Compared with traditional thermal spray technology (such as plasma spraying and flame spraying), the low-temperature characteristics of cold spraying avoid powder oxidation, phase change, grain growth and thermal damage to the substrate, especially for oxygen-sensitive materials (titanium and its alloys, copper and its alloys). In addition, cold spray technology has high spraying efficiency and deposition efficiency, and has significant advantages in the preparation of protective coatings.

[0003] Due to the characteristics of titanium metal such as light weight, high strength and excellent corrosion resistance, cold sprayed titanium coatings are highly favored in the field of corrosion protection. However, problems such as low hardness and poor wear resistance limit their application in harsh working conditions. In response to these shortcomings of titanium coatings, ceramic reinforcement phase particles with high hardness and excellent wear resistance are introduced into titanium and titanium alloys to ensure that titanium-based composite coatings can meet both wear resistance and corrosion resistance requirements, showing broad application prospects in the fields of wear resistance and corrosion resistance synergistic protection such as aerospace, marine engineering, and petrochemicals. However, existing research shows that the preparation of titanium-based composite coatings by cold spraying technology mainly has the following problems:

[0004] 1) In terms of cold spray powder raw materials: titanium-based composite powders prepared by atomization method have problems such as component segregation and high cost; titanium-based composite powders prepared by mechanical compounding method have problems such as difficulty in dispersing micro-nano reinforced phases, resulting in poor fluidity of composite powders and easy clogging of the gun, and ceramic powder agglomeration causing difficulty in controlling the uniformity of the deposited coating.

[0005] 2) Spraying process and coating quality control: Ceramic powder has poor plasticity, and the spraying process is prone to rebound, breakage, local coating shedding and other problems, resulting in low powder deposition efficiency; due to the low-temperature deposition characteristics of cold spraying, there is a weak interface bonding between the ceramic powder and titanium powder inside the coating, resulting in poor overall service performance of the coating.

[0006] Therefore, the preparation of existing cold sprayed titanium-based composite coatings still needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating, and its preparation method and application. In the present invention, through the coordinated cooperation of composite powder modification, powder particle size grading and gradient heat treatment process, the method has the advantages of sprayability and low cost of spray powder raw materials and uniform coating structure, and the obtained titanium-based composite coating has excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance and can be applied on a large scale.

[0008] The first aspect of the present invention provides a preparation method of a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating, which comprises the following steps: mixing hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium-based powder with ceramic particles and performing ball milling modification to obtain a nearly spherical titanium-based composite powder; mechanically mixing the titanium-based composite powder with a first atomized titanium-based powder and a second atomized titanium-based powder to obtain a particle-graded titanium-based composite powder; wherein the first atomized titanium-based powder and the second atomized titanium-based powder have different particle size ranges and the same powder composition; using the particle-graded titanium-based composite powder as a cold-sprayed raw material powder, a cold-spraying process is adopted to deposit the titanium-based composite powder on the surface of a substrate to obtain a titanium-based composite coating; and performing gradient heat treatment on the titanium-based composite coating to obtain the cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the titanium-based composite powder is 10 μm to 70 μm.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the hydrogenation-dehydrogenation titanium-based powder is 30 μm to 100 μm.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1 μm to 5 μm.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ceramic particles include at least one of TiN, TiC, B4C, SiC, and Al2O3.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the mass of the titanium-based composite powder, the mass percentage of the hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium-based powder is 50% to 80%, and the mass percentage of the ceramic particles is 20% to 50%.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the ball milling modification, the ball-to-material ratio of the mixed powder to the grinding balls is 1:1-4.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ball milling modification temperature is 300° C. to 600° C., the ball milling time is 4 h to 12 h, and the ball milling speed is 10 rpm to 60 rpm.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the first atomized titanium-based powder is 50 μm to 100 μm, and the particle size of the second atomized titanium-based powder is 120 μm to 300 μm.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the mass of the particle-graded titanium-based composite powder, the mass percentage of the titanium-based composite powder is 20% to 60%, the mass percentage of the first atomized titanium-based powder is 20% to 50%, and the mass percentage of the second atomized titanium-based powder is 20% to 50%.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotation speed of the mechanical mixing is 10 rpm to 20 rpm, and the mixing time is 4 h to 8 h.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the process parameters of the cold spraying include: the carrier gas type is nitrogen, the carrier gas temperature is 500°C to 850°C, the carrier gas pressure is 3MPa to 5MPa, the powder feeding rate is 30g / min to 80g / min, the spray gun speed is 200mm / s to 400mm / s, the distance between the spray gun and the substrate is 30mm, and the pass spacing is 1mm.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the titanium-based composite coating is 200 μm to 5000 μm.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the matrix material includes one of iron-based alloy, copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, titanium, and titanium alloy.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the gradient heat treatment process includes: in the first stage, the base material of the titanium-based composite coating formed by cold spraying is heated to 400°C to 600°C and kept warm for 2h to 8h; in the second stage, after the first stage of insulation is completed, the base material is heated to 400°C to 1000°C and kept warm for 0.5h to 1h.

[0023] The second aspect of the present invention also provides a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating, which is prepared by the preparation method described in the first aspect; the cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating has a density >99% and a microhardness ≥550HV.

[0024] The third aspect of the present invention also provides an application of the cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating described in the second aspect or the cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating prepared by the preparation method described in the first aspect in the field of surface protection of high-end equipment materials.

[0025] The present invention achieves synergistic optimization through "composite powder modification-powder particle size grading-gradient heat treatment". Specifically, a high-temperature ball milling method is used to composite-modify low-cost titanium-based powder with submicron ceramic particles (such as TiN, Al2O3, TiC). The powder fluidity and bulk density are improved through three-level particle size grading. Combined with the cold spraying process and gradient heat treatment, a titanium-based composite coating with high density (porosity <1%) and high hardness (≥550HV) is obtained.

[0026] The present invention utilizes composite powder modification technology to improve the fluidity of low-cost hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium-based powders, reduce the risk of powder gun clogging during the spraying process, promote strong interfacial bonding between ceramic particles and titanium-based powders, and enhance coating uniformity. The powder grading process increases the bulk density of the cold spray feedstock powder, improves powder fluidity, and increases coating density. Through the process design of composite powder modification and powder particle size grading, the present invention achieves sprayability and low-cost titanium-based composite powders.

[0027] In order to avoid problems such as substrate performance degradation and interface excessive reaction caused by single high-temperature heat treatment, the present invention combines low-temperature pre-diffusion with high-temperature short-time intensification. Under the premise of avoiding substrate damage, it realizes the coordinated optimization of the interface metallurgical bonding (between powders and between powder and substrate) of the cold-sprayed titanium-based composite coating and the coating structure regulation, taking into account both performance and process feasibility design.

[0028] The titanium-based composite coating prepared by the present invention has a density of ≥99.2% and a hardness of 550HV to 700HV, meeting the coordinated protection requirements of high-end equipment materials for high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0029] The cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating of the present invention can be used in the field of surface protection of high-end equipment materials, such as in aerospace, marine engineering, biomedicine and other fields, and has the advantages of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, lightweight and low-temperature deposition process.

[0030] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are specifically listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1This is a morphology diagram of the TiN / TC4 composite powder after high-temperature ball milling modification in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged morphology image of the TiN / TC4 composite powder in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a point-scan energy spectrum analysis diagram of the TiN / TC4 composite powder with attached TiN powder in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is the internal microscopic morphology of the TiN / TC4 composite coating in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is an energy spectrum surface scan analysis diagram of the TiN / TC4 composite coating in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0038] It should be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said" as used herein may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "comprise", "include", "contain" and "have" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the order of execution is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used solely to distinguish between different objects and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly specify the quantity, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the technical features indicated. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "plurality" means more than two, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0040] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone, A and B exists simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0043] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and can refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0044] In order to overcome the difficulty of preparing high-performance titanium-based composite coatings using cold spraying technology and realize the preparation of highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coatings, the present invention provides a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating and its preparation method and application.

[0045] The preparation method provided by the present invention solves at least one of the technical difficulties of existing cold spray titanium-based composite coatings, such as high raw material cost, high porosity of the coating, uneven distribution of ceramic particles, and weak interface bonding between powders.

[0046] The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating. The key to this preparation method is to achieve the preparation of a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating through the synergistic effect of "composite powder modification-powder particle size grading-gradient heat treatment", thereby overcoming the difficulty of preparing high-performance titanium-based composite coatings using cold spraying technology.

[0047] The preparation method of the cold-sprayed high-wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating of the present invention is specifically carried out according to the following steps.

[0048] Preparation of titanium-based composite powder

[0049] In an embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium-based powder is mixed with ceramic particles and subjected to ball milling modification, so that the ceramic particles are wrapped around the hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium-based powder to obtain a nearly spherical titanium-based composite powder.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ball milling modification is performed under a protective atmosphere, such as high-purity nitrogen.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, the hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium-based powder includes at least one of hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium powder and hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium alloy powder. For example, hydrogenated dehydrogenated TA1, TA2, TC4 powder, etc. can be used.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the hydrogenation-dehydrogenation titanium-based powder is 30 μm to 100 μm.

[0053] The particle size of the hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium-based powder provided by the present invention can be a value between any two values within the above range, for example, it can be 30 μm to 70 μm, or 40 μm to 80 μm, or 40 μm to 90 μm. For example, the particle size of the hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium-based powder can be one of 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, or any value that meets the above range.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ceramic particles include at least one of TiN, TiC, B4C, SiC, and Al2O3. For example, the ceramic particles may be TiN, TiC, B4C, SiC, Al2O3, and the like.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1 μm to 5 μm. For example, the particle size of the ceramic particles can be one of 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, or any value within the above range.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present invention, based on the mass of the titanium-based composite powder, the mass percentage of the hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium-based powder is 50% to 80%, and the mass percentage of the ceramic particles is 20% to 50%.

[0057] The mass percentage of the hydrogenation-dehydrogenation titanium-based powder provided by the present invention can be one of 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80% or any value within the above range.

[0058] The mass percentage of the ceramic particles provided by the present invention can be one of 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50% or any value within the above range.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, during ball milling modification, the mass ratio of the mixed powder of hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium-based powder and ceramic particles to the grinding balls, i.e., the mass ratio of grinding balls to mixed powder, is 1:1 to 4. For example, the mass ratio of grinding balls to mixed powder can be one of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, or any value within the above range.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the grinding balls are zirconium oxide grinding balls, and the diameter may be 5 mm.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ball milling modification temperature is 300° C. to 600° C., the ball milling time is 4 h to 12 h, and the ball milling speed is 10 rpm to 60 rpm.

[0062] The ball milling temperature provided by the present invention can be one of 300°C, 350°C, 400°C, 450°C, 500°C, 550°C, 600°C or any value within the above range.

[0063] The ball milling time provided by the present invention can be one of 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h, 8h, 9h, 10h, 11h, 12h or any value that meets the above range.

[0064] The ball mill speed provided by the present invention can be one of 10rpm, 15rpm, 20rpm, 25rpm, 30rpm, 35rpm, 40rpm, 45rpm, 50rpm, 55rpm, 60rpm or any value that meets the above range.

[0065] The choice of process parameters for high-temperature ball milling determines the uniformity of the powder composite and the physical properties of the powder. Regarding the ball milling temperature, when the milling temperature exceeds 600°C, the powder is susceptible to the milling medium (milling balls / atmosphere), leading to contamination with impurities such as Fe, C, and O, affecting the purity of the composite powder. Furthermore, the reinforcing phase tends to agglomerate at high temperatures, resulting in composite powder inhomogeneity. Furthermore, due to the accelerated plastic deformation of the powder at high temperatures, the powder sphericity decreases instead of increases, affecting powder flowability. When the milling temperature is below 300°C, the introduction of the reinforcing phase becomes more difficult, thus affecting the overall milling effect. Ball milling parameters such as the ball-to-material ratio, milling time, and milling speed have a synergistic effect. Setting these parameters too high or too low can affect composite uniformity, powder sphericity, and fine powder yield. Setting them too high can lead to low fine powder yield and reinforcing phase agglomeration, while setting them too low can lead to insufficient inter-powder collisions and diffusion, resulting in a lack of significant improvement in powder mixing uniformity. Since cold spraying technology has powder heredity, the comprehensive regulation of composite powder uniformity, powder fluidity and bulk density is the key to obtaining high-performance titanium-based coatings.

[0066] In an embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the titanium-based composite powder is 10 μm to 70 μm. The particle size of the titanium-based composite powder provided by the present invention can be a value in the interval consisting of any two values within the above range, for example, it can be 10 μm to 45 μm, or 20 μm to 50 μm, or 20 μm to 70 μm. Exemplarily, the particle size of the titanium-based composite powder can be one of 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, or any value that meets the above range.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present invention, the tap density of the titanium-based composite powder is 1.8 g / cm 3 ~2.9g / cm 3 , the fluidity is 40s / 50g~60s / 50g.

[0068] For example, the tap density of the titanium-based composite powder can be 1.8 g / cm 3 , 1.9g / cm 3 , 2.0g / cm 3 , 2.1g / cm 3 , 2.2g / cm 3 , 2.3g / cm 3 , 2.4g / cm 3 , 2.5g / cm 3 , 2.6g / cm 3 , 2.7g / cm 3 , 2.8g / cm 3 , 2.9g / cm 3or any value that satisfies the above range.

[0069] Exemplarily, the flowability of the titanium-based composite powder can be one of 40s / 50g, 41s / 50g, 42s / 50g, 42.5s / 50g, 43s / 50g, 44s / 50g, 45s / 50g, 46s / 50g, 46.3s / 50g, 47s / 50g, 48s / 50g, 49s / 50g, 49.1s / 50g, 50s / 50g, 51s / 50g, 52s / 50g, 53s / 50g, 54s / 50g, 55s / 50g, 56s / 50g, 57s / 50g, 58s / 50g, 59s / 50g, and 60s / 50g, or any value that meets the above range.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present invention, low-cost hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium-based powder, ceramic particles and zirconium oxide grinding balls are placed in a high-temperature ball mill and powder modified under high-purity argon to obtain a nearly spherical titanium-based composite powder.

[0071] Preparation of particle-graded titanium-based composite powder

[0072] In an embodiment of the present invention, a titanium-based composite powder is mechanically mixed with a first atomized titanium-based powder and a second atomized titanium-based powder to obtain a particle-graded titanium-based composite powder with a coarse and fine powder ratio; wherein the first atomized titanium-based powder and the second atomized titanium-based powder have different particle size ranges and the same powder composition.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first atomized titanium-based powder includes one of atomized titanium powder and atomized titanium alloy powder, for example, atomized TA1 powder, atomized TA2 powder, atomized TC4 powder, etc.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the first atomized titanium-based powder is 50 μm to 100 μm, and the particle size of the second atomized titanium-based powder is 120 μm to 300 μm.

[0075] The particle size of the first atomized titanium-based powder provided by the present invention can be a value within the interval consisting of any two values within the above range, for example, it can be 50 μm to 80 μm, or it can be 60 μm to 100 μm. Exemplarily, the particle size of the first atomized titanium-based powder can be one of 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, or any value that meets the above range.

[0076] The particle size of the second atomized titanium-based powder provided by the present invention can be a value within the interval consisting of any two values within the above range, for example, it can be 150μm to 250μm, or it can be 200μm to 300μm. Exemplarily, the particle size of the second atomized titanium-based powder can be one of 120μm, 150μm, 180μm, 200μm, 220μm, 250μm, 280μm, 300μm, or any value that meets the above range.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the titanium-based composite powder is 10 μm to 70 μm. The particle size of the titanium-based composite powder provided by the present invention can be a value in the interval consisting of any two values within the above range, for example, it can be 10 μm to 45 μm, or 20 μm to 50 μm, or 20 μm to 70 μm. Exemplarily, the particle size of the titanium-based composite powder can be one of 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, or any value that meets the above range.

[0078] The particle size range of the powder is closely related to the spraying process and the density of the coating. As for the powder deposition behavior, under the same spraying conditions, powders with smaller particle sizes (<5μm) are subject to relatively large air resistance due to their larger specific surface area and are more prone to agglomeration. This may result in a lower acceleration effect in the spray gun than powders with larger particle sizes, thus affecting the deposition effect. Powders with larger particle sizes (>75μm) have greater momentum and are more likely to maintain linear motion in high-speed airflows, and can more effectively impact the substrate surface and deposit. In order to ensure better deposition of titanium-based composite powders and to give full play to the high wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating, titanium-based composite powders with a particle size range of 10μm to 70μm are selected as the basic spray powder.

[0079] As for coating performance, smaller-particle powders can fill the gaps between larger particles, helping to improve the density of the coating. However, if there is too much fine powder, insufficient bonding between the particles may lead to more defects within the coating, which in turn reduces the density. When larger-particle powders are deposited, the gaps between the particles are relatively large. If only large-particle powders are used, the density of the coating is often low. However, large-particle powders can transfer their own momentum, generating a greater impact force when impacting the substrate and other particles, eliminating the pores between the powders caused by insufficient deformation, thereby achieving the densification control of the coating. Therefore, it is usually necessary to use powder grading of different particle sizes to obtain a higher-density coating.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, based on the mass of the particle-graded titanium-based composite powder, the mass percentage of the titanium-based composite powder is 20% to 60%, the mass percentage of the first atomized titanium-based powder is 20% to 50%, and the mass percentage of the second atomized titanium-based powder is 20% to 50%.

[0081] The grading ratio of powders of different particle sizes can have varying effects on the bulk density and flowability of the powders, thereby affecting the coating quality of cold spray coatings. A large proportion of small-particle powder (10μm-70μm) can fill the gaps between larger powder particles, making the packing more compact and theoretically helping to increase the bulk density. However, if the fine powder is excessive (>60%), it may clog the channels between larger powder particles, affecting the sliding and rolling between the powders, resulting in decreased flowability and, in turn, affecting the uniformity of the coating's internal structure. A large proportion of large-particle powder (120μm-300μm) creates larger gaps between the large-particle powders, resulting in a lower bulk density when stacked alone. However, the presence of coarse powder facilitates the formation of channels between the particles, making them easier to slide and roll, thereby improving flowability. Furthermore, coarse powder can generate greater kinetic energy during spray deposition, improving the internal densification of the coating. However, an excessive proportion of coarse powder (>50%) can lead to insufficient kinetic energy for powder deposition, resulting in a porous coating structure. Medium-sized powders (50μm to 100μm) play a transitional and regulating role in the gradation. They fill the gaps between the coarse powders to a certain extent, increasing the bulk density, while not hindering inter-powder movement as much as fine powders, resulting in a relatively small impact on fluidity. When the three particle sizes are graded in the above-specified ratio, a good balance between bulk density and fluidity is achieved, positively impacting the overall performance of the coating.

[0082] The mass percentage of the titanium-based composite powder provided by the present invention can be one of 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60% or any value within the above range.

[0083] The mass percentage of the first atomized titanium-based powder provided by the present invention can be one of 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, or any value within the above range.

[0084] The mass percentage of the second atomized titanium-based powder provided by the present invention can be one of 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50% or any value within the above range.

[0085] In an embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical mixing speed is 10 rpm to 20 rpm, and the mixing time is 4 h to 8 h. For example, the mechanical mixing speed can be one of 10 rpm, 12 rpm, 15 rpm, 18 rpm, 20 rpm, or any value within the above range; the mixing time can be one of 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 7 h, 8 h, or any value within the above range.

[0086] In the embodiment of the present invention, the tap density of the particle-graded titanium-based composite powder is 2.5 g / cm 3 ~4.5g / cm 3 , the fluidity is ≤40s / 50g. For example, the fluidity can be 32.7s / 50g, 35.4s / 50g, 35.6s / 50g, etc.

[0087] For example, the tap density of the particle-graded titanium-based composite powder can be 2.5 g / cm 3 , 2.6g / cm 3 , 2.7g / cm 3 , 2.8g / cm 3 , 2.9g / cm 3 , 3.0g / cm 3 , 3.1g / cm 3 、3.2g / cm 3 , 3.3g / cm 3 、3.4g / cm 3 、3.5g / cm 3 、3.6g / cm 3 、3.7g / cm 3 、3.8g / cm 3 、3.9g / cm 3 , 4.0g / cm 3 , 4.1g / cm 3 , 4.2g / cm 3 , 4.3g / cm 3 , 4.4g / cm 3 , 4.5g / cm 3 or any value that satisfies the above range.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present invention, titanium-based composite powder is mechanically mixed with atomized spherical titanium-based powder of the same composition in different particle size ranges to obtain a particle-graded titanium-based composite powder with a coarse and fine powder ratio, which is used as a raw material powder for subsequent cold spraying.

[0089] Cold spray

[0090] In an embodiment of the present invention, a titanium-based composite powder with particle size distribution is used as a cold spraying raw material powder, and a cold spraying process is adopted to deposit the titanium-based composite powder on the surface of a substrate to produce a titanium-based composite coating.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present invention, the matrix material includes one of iron-based alloy, copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, titanium, and titanium alloy. For example, the matrix material can be pure copper, pure titanium, Q235 stainless steel, etc.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the base material is ≥2 mm, for example, it can be 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, etc.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present invention, before cold spraying, the substrate material is subjected to degreasing, rust removal, and sandblasting. For example, acetone can be used for degreasing, and sandpaper can be used for rust removal.

[0094] For example, the sandblasting process uses aluminum oxide powder with a particle size of 40 to 60 mesh, and the sandblasting pressure is 0.6 MPa to 0.8 MPa. For example, aluminum oxide powder with a particle size of 40 mesh, 45 mesh, 50 mesh, 55 mesh, or 60 mesh, or any value within the above range, can be used. The sandblasting pressure can be 0.6 MPa, 0.7 MPa, 0.8 MPa, or any value within the above range.

[0095] In some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate material is subjected to sandblasting so as to achieve a surface roughness Ra of 3 μm or greater.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present invention, the process parameters of cold spraying include: the carrier gas type is nitrogen, the carrier gas temperature is 500°C to 850°C, the carrier gas pressure is 3MPa to 5MPa, the powder feeding rate is 30g / min to 80g / min, the spray gun speed is 200mm / s to 400mm / s, the distance between the spray gun and the substrate is 30mm, and the pass spacing is 1mm.

[0097] The carrier gas temperature provided by the present invention can be one of 500°C, 550°C, 600°C, 650°C, 700°C, 750°C, 800°C, 850°C or any value within the above range.

[0098] The carrier gas pressure provided by the present invention can be one of 3 MPa, 4 MPa, 5 MPa or any value within the above range.

[0099] The powder feeding rate provided by the present invention can be one of 30g / min, 40g / min, 50g / min, 60g / min, 70g / min, 80g / min or any value that meets the above range.

[0100] The gun speed of the spray gun provided by the present invention can be one of 200mm / s, 250mm / s, 300mm / s, 350mm / s, 400mm / s or any value that meets the above range.

[0101] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the titanium-based composite coating is 200 μm to 5000 μm. For example, the thickness of the titanium-based composite coating can be one of 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm, 600 μm, 700 μm, 800 μm, 900 μm, 1000 μm, 1200 μm, 1500 μm, 1800 μm, 2000 μm, 2200 μm, 2500 μm, 2800 μm, 3000 μm, 3200 μm, 3500 μm, 3800 μm, 4000 μm, 4200 μm, 4500 μm, 4800 μm, 5000 μm, or any value within the above range.

[0102] In an embodiment of the present invention, the density of the titanium-based composite coating is ≥99%, for example, the density can reach 99.2%, 99.5%, 99.6%, etc.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned particle-graded titanium-based composite powder is placed in a powder feeding barrel of a cold spraying device, and powder is deposited on the surface of a degreased, derusted, and sandblasted substrate through a cold spraying process to obtain a high-density titanium-based composite coating.

[0104] Gradient heat treatment

[0105] In an embodiment of the present invention, the titanium-based composite coating is subjected to a gradient heat treatment to obtain a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating.

[0106] In an embodiment of the present invention, the gradient heat treatment process is completed under high-purity argon or vacuum conditions.

[0107] In some embodiments of the present invention, the gradient heat treatment process includes: in the first stage, the base material of the titanium-based composite coating formed by cold spraying is heated to 400°C to 600°C and kept warm for 2h to 8h; in the second stage, after the first stage of insulation is completed, the base material is heated to 400°C to 1000°C and kept warm for 0.5h to 1h.

[0108] The heat treatment temperature of the first stage provided by the present invention can be one of 400°C, 450°C, 500°C, 550°C, 600°C or any value within the above range.

[0109] The insulation time of the first stage provided by the present invention can be one of 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h, 8h or any value that meets the above range.

[0110] The heat treatment temperature of the second stage provided by the present invention can be one of 400℃, 450℃, 500℃, 550℃, 600℃, 650℃, 700℃, 750℃, 800℃, 850℃, 900℃, 950℃, 1000℃ or any value that meets the above range.

[0111] The insulation time of the second stage provided by the present invention can be one of 30 minutes, 40 minutes, 50 minutes, 60 minutes or any value that meets the above range.

[0112] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cold-sprayed sample is placed in a tubular furnace / vacuum furnace for gradient heat treatment, and a titanium-based composite coating with excellent comprehensive performance is obtained by combining low-temperature preheating treatment with high-temperature short-time diffusion, that is, a cold-sprayed high-wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating.

[0113] The second aspect of the present invention provides a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating. The key point is that the cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating is prepared using the preparation method described in the first aspect; the cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating has a density greater than 99% and a microhardness greater than or equal to 550HV.

[0114] In an embodiment of the present invention, the density of the cold-sprayed high-wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating is ≥99.2% and the microhardness is 550HV to 700HV.

[0115] For example, the density of the cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating can reach 99.2%, 99.4%, 99.5%, 99.7%, etc.

[0116] Exemplarily, the hardness of the cold-sprayed high wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating can be one of 550HV, 560HV, 570HV, 580HV, 590HV, 600HV, 610HV, 620HV, 630HV, 640HV, 650HV, 660HV, 665HV, 670HV, 680HV, 690HV, and 700HV, or any value that meets the above range.

[0117] In an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating is 200 μm to 5000 μm. For example, the thickness of the cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating can be 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm, 600 μm, 700 μm, 800 μm, 900 μm, 1000 μm, 1200 μm, 1500 μm, 1800 μm, 2000 μm, 2200 μm, 2500 μm, 2800 μm, 3000 μm, 3200 μm, 3500 μm, 3800 μm, 4000 μm, 4200 μm, 4500 μm, 4800 μm, 5000 μm or any value within the above range.

[0118] The third aspect of the present invention provides an application of the cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating described in the second aspect or the cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating prepared by the preparation method described in the first aspect in the field of surface protection of high-end equipment materials.

[0119] The cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating of the present invention can be applied in the field of surface protection of high-end equipment materials.

[0120] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used in the following examples have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The experimental reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional biochemical reagents; the raw materials, instruments and equipment used in the following examples, etc., can all be purchased on the market or can be obtained by existing methods; the amounts of the experimental reagents used, unless otherwise specified, are the amounts of reagents used in conventional experimental operations; the experimental methods, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods. It should be further noted that the following description is merely exemplary and does not specifically limit the present invention.

[0121] Example 1

[0122] A cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating, the preparation method of which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0123] 1) 40 wt.% SiC (particle size range 1 μm to 5 μm) and low-cost hydrodehydrogenated TA1 powder (particle size range 30 μm to 70 μm) were added to a high-temperature ball mill using 5 mm diameter zirconia balls in a 1:4 ball to powder ratio. The powder was modified by high-temperature ball milling under an argon atmosphere at a temperature of 500°C, a time of 8 hours, and a speed of 50 rpm. After high-temperature ball milling, the powder was sieved to obtain a particle size range of 20 μm to 50 μm and a tap density of 2.4 g / cm 3The SiC / TA1 composite powder is nearly spherical and has a fluidity of 42.5s / 50g. In the SiC / TA1 composite powder, SiC is wrapped around the outside of the TA1 powder.

[0124] 2) The nearly spherical SiC / TA1 composite powder (particle size range of 20 μm to 50 μm), the first atomized spherical TA1 powder (particle size range of 50 μm to 80 μm), and the second atomized spherical TA1 powder (particle size range of 150 μm to 250 μm) with a mass percentage of 60%, 20%, and 20% respectively were mechanically mixed at a mechanical mixing speed of 15 rpm for 4 h to obtain a particle-graded SiC / TA1 powder with a coarse and fine powder ratio. The tap density of the powder was 3.1 g / cm 3 , the fluidity is 32.7s / 50g, and it is used as the raw material powder for subsequent cold spraying.

[0125] 3) The SiC / TA1 powder with the above-mentioned particle size distribution was placed in the powder feeding barrel of the cold spraying equipment, and the powder was deposited on the surface of a pure copper substrate with a surface roughness of approximately 6.5 μm after degreasing, rust removal, and sandblasting using a cold spraying process. Nitrogen was selected as the accelerating gas, the carrier gas temperature was 600°C, the carrier gas pressure was 4 MPa, the powder feeding rate was 40 g / min, the spray gun speed was 200 mm / s, the distance between the spray gun and the substrate was 30 mm, and the pass spacing was 1 mm. A SiC / TA1 composite coating with a density of 99.2% and a thickness of 800 μm was obtained.

[0126] 4) The sprayed specimens were placed in a tube furnace for a gradient heat treatment, conducted entirely under high-purity argon. The gradient heat treatment parameters were set as follows: 500°C for 4 hours in the first stage and 750°C for 0.5 hours in the second stage. This resulted in a cold-sprayed SiC / TA1 composite coating with excellent overall performance, high wear resistance, and corrosion resistance.

[0127] The cold-sprayed high-wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating prepared in Example 1 has a density of 99.2% and a microhardness of 580 HV.

[0128] Example 2

[0129] A cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating, the preparation method of which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0130] 1) 30 wt.% TiN (particle size range: 1 μm to 5 μm) and low-cost hydrodehydrogenated TC4 powder (particle size range: 40 μm to 80 μm) were added to a high-temperature ball mill using 5 mm diameter zirconia balls in a 1:4 ball to powder ratio. The powder was modified by high-temperature ball milling under an argon atmosphere at a temperature of 600°C, a time of 12 hours, and a speed of 55 rpm. After high-temperature ball milling, the powder was sieved to obtain a particle size range of 10 μm to 45 μm and a tap density of 2.8 g / cm 3 The TiN / TC4 composite powder is nearly spherical and has a fluidity of 46.3s / 50g. In the TiN / TC4 composite powder, TiN is wrapped around the outside of the TC4 powder.

[0131] 2) 30%, 40%, and 40% by mass of nearly spherical TiN / TC4 composite powder (particle size range of 10 μm to 45 μm), a first atomized spherical TC4 powder (particle size range of 60 μm to 100 μm), and a second atomized spherical TC4 powder (particle size range of 200 μm to 300 μm) were mechanically mixed at a mechanical mixing speed of 20 rpm for 8 h to obtain a particle-graded TiN / TC4 powder with a coarse and fine powder ratio, and the tap density of the powder was 3.2 g / cm 3 , the fluidity is 35.4s / 50g, and it is used as the raw material powder for subsequent cold spraying.

[0132] 3) The TiN / TC4 powder with the above-mentioned particle size distribution was placed in the powder feeding barrel of the cold spraying equipment, and the powder was deposited on the surface of the Q235 substrate with a surface roughness of approximately 5.2 μm after degreasing, rust removal, and sandblasting using a cold spray process. Nitrogen was used as the accelerating gas, the carrier gas temperature was 750°C, the carrier gas pressure was 5 MPa, the powder feeding rate was 60 g / min, the spray gun speed was 250 mm / s, the distance between the spray gun and the substrate was 30 mm, and the pass spacing was 1 mm. A TiN / TC4 composite coating with a density of 99.5% and a thickness of 1000 μm was obtained.

[0133] 4) The sprayed specimens were placed in a tube furnace for gradient heat treatment, conducted entirely under high-purity argon conditions. The gradient heat treatment parameters were set as follows: 600°C for 5 hours in the first stage and 850°C for 0.5 hours in the second stage. This resulted in a cold-sprayed, highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant TiN / TC4 composite coating with excellent overall performance.

[0134] The cold-sprayed high-wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating prepared in Example 2 has a density of 99.5% and a microhardness of 665 HV.

[0135] Example 3

[0136] A cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating, the preparation method of which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0137] 1) 20 wt.% TiC (particle size range: 1 μm to 5 μm) and low-cost hydrodehydrogenated TC4 powder (particle size range: 40 μm to 90 μm) were added to a high-temperature ball mill using 5 mm diameter zirconia balls in a 1:4 ball to powder ratio. The powder was modified under an argon atmosphere at a temperature of 550°C, a time of 10 hours, and a speed of 50 rpm. After high-temperature ball milling, the powder was sieved to obtain a particle size range of 20 μm to 50 μm and a tap density of 2.7 g / cm3. 3 The TiC / TC4 composite powder is nearly spherical and has a fluidity of 49.1s / 50g. In the TiC / TC4 composite powder, TiC is wrapped around the outside of the TC4 powder.

[0138] 2) 30%, 30%, and 40% by mass of nearly spherical TiC / TC4 composite powder (particle size range: 20 μm to 50 μm), atomized spherical TC4 powder (particle size range: 60 μm to 100 μm), and atomized spherical TC4 powder (150 μm to 200 μm) were mechanically mixed at a mechanical mixing speed of 10 rpm for 6 h to obtain a particle-graded TiC / TC4 powder with a coarse-fine powder ratio. The tap density of the powder was 3.3 g / cm 3 , the fluidity is 35.6s / 50g, and it is used as the raw material powder for subsequent cold spraying.

[0139] 3) The TiC / TC4 powder with the above particle size distribution was placed in the powder feed barrel of a cold spraying device, and the powder was deposited on the surface of a TA1 substrate with a surface roughness of approximately 6.0 μm after degreasing, rust removal, and sandblasting using a cold spray process. Nitrogen was used as the accelerating gas, the carrier gas temperature was 700°C, the carrier gas pressure was 5 MPa, the powder feed rate was 40 g / min, the spray gun speed was 200 mm / s, the distance between the spray gun and the substrate was 30 mm, and the pass spacing was 1 mm. A TiC / TC4 composite coating with a density of 99.6% and a thickness of 1500 μm was obtained.

[0140] 4) The sprayed specimens were placed in a tube furnace for gradient heat treatment, conducted entirely under high-purity argon conditions. The gradient heat treatment parameters were set as follows: 550°C for 6 hours in the first stage and 900°C for 0.5 hours in the second stage. This resulted in a cold-sprayed, highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant TiC / TC4 composite coating with excellent overall performance.

[0141] The cold-sprayed high-wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant TiC / TC4 composite coating prepared in Example 3 has a density of 99.6% and a microhardness of 610 HV.

[0142] Performance Testing

[0143] 1. Friction and wear test:

[0144] Friction and wear tests were conducted on the substrates coated with the titanium-based composite coatings described in Examples 1 to 3 as an experimental group, and on a bare substrate without coating protection as a control group. A GCr15 with a diameter of 5 mm was used as the friction pair. The applied load was 5 N, the sliding length was 5 mm, the frequency was 4 Hz, and the test time was 30 minutes. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0145] Table 1 Summary of friction and wear test results in the experimental group and the control group

[0146]

[0147] As can be seen from Table 1, in Examples 1 to 3, the wear resistance of the titanium-based composite coating is greatly improved by the synergistic regulation of the introduction of the reinforcing phase and the gradient heat treatment after spraying. The wear rate is reduced by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude compared with the traditional metal matrix, providing a technical reference for extending the life of components in industrial applications.

[0148] 2. Microstructure morphology

[0149] To observe the macroscopic morphology of the composite powder and the uniformity of the composite modification, the morphology of the TiN / TC4 composite powder in Example 2 was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the type of reinforcing phase attached to the powder was determined using an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). To observe the TiN distribution within the cold-sprayed coating and the coating quality, a cross-section of the coating from Example 2 was polished using 200-, 400-, 800-, 1200-, 1500-, 2000-, 3000-, and 5000-mesh sandpaper, followed by polishing with a silica suspension. The polished sample was ultrasonically cleaned with alcohol, dried, and then used for SEM and EDS observation.

[0150] Figure 1 The morphology of the titanium-based composite powder prepared in Example 2 shows that the hydrogenated dehydrogenated TC4 powder is significantly spheroidized and modified, and the reinforced phase composite effect is excellent.

[0151] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged morphology of the titanium-based composite powder prepared in Example 2. It can be seen that the edges and corners of the composite modified powder are all polished off, and the reinforcement phase is distributed relatively evenly on the surface of the matrix powder.

[0152] Figure 3 The energy spectrum point scanning analysis of the titanium-based composite powder prepared in Example 2 shows that the submicron reinforcement phase attached to the surface of the powder is TiN.

[0153] Figure 4The internal morphology of the titanium-based composite coating prepared in Example 2 shows that the reinforcing phase TiN is evenly distributed inside the coating, and the coating exhibits high density characteristics.

[0154] Figure 5 The energy spectrum scanning image of the titanium-based composite coating prepared in Example 2 further confirmed that TiN was evenly distributed inside the coating.

[0155] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium-based powder is mixed with ceramic particles and subjected to ball milling modification to obtain a nearly spherical titanium-based composite powder; Mechanically mixing the titanium-based composite powder with a first atomized titanium-based powder and a second atomized titanium-based powder to obtain a particle-graded titanium-based composite powder; wherein the first atomized titanium-based powder and the second atomized titanium-based powder have different particle size ranges and the same powder composition; The titanium-based composite powder with the particle size distribution is used as a cold spraying raw material powder, and the titanium-based composite powder is deposited on the surface of the substrate by a cold spraying process to obtain a titanium-based composite coating; The titanium-based composite coating is subjected to gradient heat treatment to obtain the cold-sprayed high-wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating.

2. The method for preparing a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating according to claim 1, wherein: The particle size of the titanium-based composite powder is 10 μm to 70 μm; Preferably, the particle size of the hydrogenation-dehydrogenation titanium-based powder is 30 μm to 100 μm; and / or the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1 μm to 5 μm; Preferably, the ceramic particles include at least one of TiN, TiC, B4C, SiC, and Al2O3.

3. The method for preparing a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating according to claim 1, wherein: Based on the mass of the titanium-based composite powder, the mass percentage of the hydrogenated dehydrogenated titanium-based powder is 50% to 80%, and the mass percentage of the ceramic particles is 20% to 50%; Preferably, in the ball milling modification, the ratio of the mixed powder to the grinding balls is 1:1 to 4; Preferably, the ball milling modification temperature is 300° C. to 600° C., the ball milling time is 4 h to 12 h, and the ball milling speed is 10 rpm to 60 rpm.

4. The method for preparing a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating according to claim 1, wherein: The particle size of the first atomized titanium-based powder is 50 μm to 100 μm, and the particle size of the second atomized titanium-based powder is 120 μm to 300 μm.

5. The method for preparing a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating according to claim 1, wherein: Based on the mass of the particle-graded titanium-based composite powder, the mass percentage of the titanium-based composite powder is 20% to 60%, the mass percentage of the first atomized titanium-based powder is 20% to 50%, and the mass percentage of the second atomized titanium-based powder is 20% to 50%; Preferably, the rotation speed of the mechanical mixing is 10 rpm to 20 rpm, and the mixing time is 4 h to 8 h.

6. The method for preparing a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating according to claim 1, wherein: The process parameters of the cold spraying include: the carrier gas type is nitrogen, the carrier gas temperature is 500℃~850℃, the carrier gas pressure is 3MPa~5MPa, the powder feeding rate is 30g / min~80g / min, the spray gun speed is 200mm / s~400mm / s, the distance between the spray gun and the substrate is 30mm, and the pass spacing is 1mm.

7. The method for preparing a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the titanium-based composite coating is 200 μm to 5000 μm; Preferably, the matrix material comprises one of iron-based alloy, copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, titanium, and titanium alloy.

8. The method for preparing a cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating according to claim 1, wherein: The gradient heat treatment process includes: in the first stage, the base material of the titanium-based composite coating formed by cold spraying is heated to 400°C to 600°C and kept warm for 2h to 8h; in the second stage, after the first stage of heat preservation is completed, the base material is heated to 400°C to 1000°C and kept warm for 0.5h to 1h.

9. A cold sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating, characterized in that: It is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8; the density of the cold-sprayed high-wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating is greater than 99%, and the microhardness is greater than or equal to 550HV.

10. Use of the cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating according to claim 9 or the cold-sprayed highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant titanium-based composite coating prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in the field of surface protection of high-end equipment materials.

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