Loading device and method for detecting vertical compressive bearing capacity of single photovoltaic pile

Abstract

The invention relates to a loading device and method for detecting the vertical compression bearing capacity of a single photovoltaic pile, and belongs to the technical field of foundation pile compression tests. Comprising a jack, a balance beam, connecting mechanisms and a telescopic supporting mechanism, the jack is vertically installed on the top face of a test foundation pile, the balance beam is installed on the top face of the jack, the two opposite ends of the balance beam are connected with the connecting mechanisms, and the connecting mechanisms are used for connecting a counter-force foundation pile with the balance beam; the middle part of the telescopic supporting mechanism sleeves the outer surface of the bottom of the test foundation pile; the telescopic supporting mechanism comprises two telescopic supporting rods and a hoop, the hoop is arranged at the bottom of the test foundation pile in a sleeving mode, connecting rings are arranged on the two opposite sides of the hoop, the two telescopic supporting rods are rotationally connected with the two connecting rings correspondingly, and the other ends of the two telescopic supporting rods are rotationally connected with the outer side walls of the bottoms of the two counter-force foundation piles correspondingly. The foundation pile pressure-resistant loading device solves the problem that when an existing foundation pile pressure-resistant loading device adopts a counter-force pile, the constructed photovoltaic pile is prone to inclination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of pile foundation compression testing, and in particular relates to a loading device and method for detecting the vertical compression bearing capacity of a single photovoltaic pile. Background Art

[0002] Because ground-based photovoltaic power stations are often built on hillsides, deserts, wastelands, fields, tidal flats, and swamps, photovoltaic piles, as crucial structures in these stations, bear the weight of the supports and photovoltaic modules, as well as withstand dynamic loads such as wind, snow, rain, and earthquakes. Under dynamic loads, if the foundation of the photovoltaic piles is unstable, the photovoltaic supports may be damaged by uprooting, displacement, uneven settlement, and even fracture, seriously impacting the normal operation and service life of the photovoltaic power station. Therefore, during both the design and construction stages of a photovoltaic power station, compressive loading tests of the photovoltaic piles' bearing capacity are required.

[0003] The static load test can accurately test the compressive strength of photovoltaic piles, but the static load test requires the transportation of a large number of cement blocks, which has high requirements for transportation roads and high transportation costs. Since ground-based photovoltaic power stations are mostly built in the wild, overly bulky compressive static load test equipment will greatly increase the difficulty of the test.

[0004] In the Chinese patent publication number CN212670670U, a loading device for static compressive load test of foundation piles is disclosed. The above device realizes the compressive test of the test piles by setting reaction piles. However, in the above device, the reaction piles will also be affected by horizontal forces when providing reaction forces, which will cause the reaction piles to easily tilt under the action of horizontal tension. The reaction piles are usually borne by photovoltaic piles that have been completed. Therefore, this will cause the photovoltaic piles serving as reaction piles to easily tilt and affect their normal use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a loading device and method for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single photovoltaic pile, which solves the problem that the existing foundation pile compressive loading device easily causes the completed photovoltaic pile to tilt when using reaction piles.

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a loading device for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single photovoltaic pile, comprising a jack, a balance beam, a connecting mechanism and a telescopic support mechanism, wherein the jack is vertically mounted on the top surface of the test pile, the balance beam is mounted on the top surface of the jack, and the opposite ends of the balance beam are connected to connecting mechanisms, the connecting mechanism is used to connect the reaction pile and the balance beam, the middle portion of the telescopic support mechanism is sleeved on the bottom outer surface of the test pile, and the two ends of the telescopic support mechanism are respectively abutted against two reaction piles;

[0007] The telescopic support mechanism includes two telescopic support rods and a hoop. The hoop is sleeved on the bottom of the test pile. Connecting rings are provided on opposite sides of the hoop. The two telescopic support rods are rotatably connected to the two connecting rings respectively. The other ends of the two telescopic support rods are rotatably connected to the bottom outer walls of the two reaction piles respectively. The telescopic support rods are used to offset the horizontal pulling force of the connecting mechanism on the reaction pile.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the telescopic support rod includes a fixed rod and a push rod. A sealed cavity begins on the top surface of the fixed rod, and the bottom of the push rod slides and is closely connected in the sealed cavity. The bottom end of the fixed rod is rotatably connected to the connecting ring, and the top end of the push rod is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the reaction pile.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a through hole is initially provided on the side wall of the sealed cavity, and an air pipe joint is provided on the through hole, through which compressed gas is injected into the sealed cavity.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an angle detector is further provided at the tail end of the fixing rod, and the angle detector is used to detect the angle between the fixing rod and the horizontal line.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the connecting mechanism includes two hoops and two connecting iron chains. The two hoops are respectively sleeved on the bottom outer surface of the reaction pile, and the two connecting iron chains respectively connect the two hoops to the two ends of the balance beam.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sleeve is positioned above the clamp with the ground as a reference.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a pad is provided between the bottom surface of the jack and the top surface of the test pile, and the pad is made of a steel plate.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a hoop is provided on the top end of the test pile.

[0015] Based on the above-mentioned loading device for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single photovoltaic pile, the present invention further proposes a loading method for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single photovoltaic pile, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: Install the loading device, and install the jack, balance beam, connection mechanism and telescopic support mechanism on the test pile and reaction pile respectively;

[0017] S2: Adjust the support force of the telescopic support mechanism and inject compressed gas into the sealed cavity in the fixed rod to make the sealed cavity have a predetermined pressure value to push the push rod to contact the reaction pile and provide thrust for it;

[0018] S3: The loading test begins, the jack is started, and the reaction pile provides downward pressure to the test pile through the connection mechanism to perform the compression test;

[0019] S4: Record the test results. The test pile settles during the test, driving the telescopic support rod to rotate so that the angle detector detects and records the rotation angle of the telescopic support rod.

[0020] S5: The test is completed. When the jack output force reaches the preset value, if the detection result of the angle detector is within the preset value, it means that the test pile compression test is qualified, otherwise it is unqualified.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by arranging support mechanisms between the test pile and the two reaction piles respectively, when the reaction pile is subjected to horizontal tension, it acts on the test pile through the telescopic support rod, and the other reaction pile also converts the tension into thrust to act on the test pile, so that the thrusts of the reaction piles on both sides offset each other on the test pile, which can avoid the test pile from being affected by the horizontal external force and the test result, and at the same time offset the horizontal tension on the reaction pile, thereby avoiding the reaction pile from tilting due to the horizontal tension, and solving the problem that the existing pile compressive loading device easily causes the completed photovoltaic pile to tilt when using reaction piles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the telescopic support mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic support rod structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the loading method of the present invention;

[0027] Description of main component symbols

[0028] In the figure: 1. Jack; 2. Balance beam; 3. Connecting mechanism; 31. Clamp; 32. Connecting chain; 4. Telescopic support mechanism; 41. Telescopic support rod; 411. Fixing rod; 412. Push rod; 42. Hoop; 421. Connecting ring; 43. Sealing chamber; 44. Air pipe joint; 5. Test pile; 6. Reaction pile; 7. Angle detector; 8. Pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the invention, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0030] See also Figures 1-4 , this embodiment provides a loading device for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single photovoltaic pile, comprising a jack 1, a balance beam 2, a connecting mechanism 3 and a telescopic support mechanism 4, the jack 1 is vertically installed on the top surface of a test pile 5, the balance beam 2 is installed on the top surface of the jack 1, the left and right sides of the balance beam 2 are respectively connected to the connecting mechanism 3, and when the balance beam 2 is installed on the jack 1, it can ensure that the force output by the jack 1 can be evenly divided by the two ends of the balance beam 2, and the connecting mechanism 3 connects two reaction piles 6 to the two ends of the balance beam 2 respectively, and the two ends of the telescopic support mechanism 4 are respectively abutted against the bottom of the reaction pile 6, and the telescopic support mechanism 4 is sleeved on the bottom of the test pile 5; when the test pile 5 is subjected to a compressive test, the jack 1 will lift the balance beam 2, and then the lifting force is applied to the reaction pile 6 through the connecting mechanism 3, and the lifting force of the jack 1 is converted into a downward force on the test pile 5 through the action of the reaction pile 6, thereby completing the compressive test of the test pile 5.

[0031] When the lifting force of the jack 1 is converted into a downward force on the test pile 5 through the reaction pile 6, the reaction pile 6 will be subjected to an upward tensile force and a horizontal tensile force toward the test pile 5, and the combined force of these two tensile forces is half of the lifting force applied by the jack 1 to the connecting mechanism 3 through the balance beam 2. When the horizontal tensile force acts on the reaction pile 6, it is easy to cause the reaction pile 6 to tilt. Therefore, at this time, the reaction pile 6 is not connected to other piles to form a whole to install the photovoltaic power station, resulting in the reaction pile 6's resistance to horizontal forces being far lower than its compressive resistance. Therefore, in order to avoid the reaction pile 6 from tilting due to offsetting the force brought by the connecting mechanism 3.

[0032] The telescopic support mechanism 4 includes two telescopic support rods 41 and a hoop 42. The hoop 42 is sleeved on the bottom of the test pile 5, and connecting rings 421 are provided on opposite sides of the hoop 42. The two telescopic support rods 41 are rotatably connected to the two connecting rings 421 respectively, and the other ends of the two telescopic support rods 41 are rotatably connected to the bottom outer walls of the two reaction piles 6 respectively. By arranging support mechanisms between the test pile 5 and the two reaction piles 6, when the reaction pile 6 is subjected to horizontal tension, the telescopic support rod 41 acts on the test pile 5, and the other reaction pile 6 also converts the tension into thrust acting on the test pile 5. In this way, the thrusts of the reaction piles 6 on both sides offset each other on the test pile 5, which can prevent the test pile 5 from affecting the test results under the action of horizontal external force, and at the same time offset the horizontal tension applied to the reaction pile 6, thereby avoiding the reaction pile 6 from tilting due to the action of horizontal tension.

[0033] In order to ensure that the telescopic support rod 41 can play a good supporting role to offset the pulling force of the reaction pile 6, in this embodiment, the telescopic support rod 41 includes a fixed rod 411 and a push rod 412. The top surface of the fixed rod 411 begins to have a sealed cavity 43. The bottom of the push rod 412 slides and is closely connected in the sealed cavity 43. The bottom end of the fixed rod 411 is rotatably connected to the connecting ring 421, and the top end of the push rod 412 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the reaction pile 6. By allowing the push rod 412 to slide on the fixed rod 411, when the push rod 412 slides in the direction of the fixed rod 411, the push rod 412 will compress the sealed cavity. 43, thereby increasing the air pressure in the sealing chamber 43 and increasing the force on the push rod 412. When the push rod 412 abuts the reaction pile 6, the space in the sealing chamber 43 is compressed to ensure that the push rod 412 can abut against the reaction pile 6. Since the sealing chamber 43 is in a compressed state at this time, the sealing chamber 43 can provide sufficient thrust for the push rod 412 to ensure that the push rod 412 can offset the horizontal tension exerted on the reaction pile 6 when abutting against the reaction pile 6, thereby avoiding the reaction pile 6 from tilting when subjected to the tension of the connecting mechanism 3.

[0034] In order to better ensure the thrust of the push rod 412 and offset the tension on the reaction pile 6 as much as possible, in one embodiment, a through hole is provided on the side wall of the sealed cavity 43, and an air pipe joint 44 is provided in the through hole. Compressed gas is injected into the sealed cavity 43 through the air pipe joint 44. When the push rod 412 abuts the reaction pile 6, the sealed cavity 43 can continue to be inflated to increase the air pressure in the sealed cavity 43, thereby further increasing the thrust of the sealed cavity 43 on the push rod 412, so that the push rod 412 can provide sufficient thrust to the reaction pile 6 to abut the reaction pile 6, so that it will not tilt under the action of external force.

[0035] When the test pile 5 is subjected to a compression test, the test pile 5 will sink under the action of an external force. Since the hoop 42 is mounted on the test pile 5, when the test pile 5 sinks during the test, the position of the hoop 42 relative to the ground will change, causing the hoop 42 to move downward. At this time, the distance between the hoop 42 and the reaction pile 6 will become farther. At this time, the push rod 412 is always connected to the reaction pile 6, so the air pressure in the sealed chamber 43 will push the push rod 412 to remain connected to the reaction pile 6, resulting in a decrease in thrust. Therefore, in order to ensure the thrust of the push rod 412, the air pressure in the sealed chamber 43 is increased through the air pipe joint 44, thereby increasing the thrust of the push rod 412, so that the thrust of the push rod 412 will not change too much when the test pile 5 sinks during the test.

[0036] When the test pile 5 is subjected to a compression test, the settlement of the test pile 5 needs to be detected. The existing detection method usually records the displacement of the test pile 5 under each load level through a vertical displacement monitoring device, which requires carrying a vertical displacement monitoring device to complete the detection. The vertical displacement monitoring device is not only cumbersome to operate during the detection, but also requires more equipment to be connected, thereby increasing the test time. Therefore, in order to more conveniently detect the settlement value of the test pile 5, in one embodiment, the tail end of the fixing rod 411 is further provided with an angle detector 7, which is used to detect the angle between the fixing rod 411 and the horizontal line. The settlement value of the test pile 5 is obtained mainly to correspond to the applied load, so as to determine whether the settlement value of the test pile 5 meets the preset value, thereby The compression test result is obtained. Therefore, each loading value of the jack 1 will be displayed on the control terminal. Since the settlement of the test pile 5 will cause the position of the hoop 42 to change, which will cause the connection angle of the telescopic support rod 41 to change. Therefore, an angle detector 7 is set at the tail end of the fixed rod 411, that is, the end close to the test pile 5. The angle detector 7 detects the change in the angle between the fixed rod 411 and the horizontal line to obtain the settlement value of the test pile 5, and then corresponds it with the loading value of the jack 1, thereby obtaining the change in the settlement value of the test pile 5 corresponding to each loading value, thereby obtaining the compression test result of the test pile 5. Moreover, using the angle detector 7 to complete the detection can not only simplify the installation difficulty during the detection process, but also quickly complete the detection, thereby improving the detection efficiency.

[0037] In order to better connect the reaction pile 6 with the balance beam 2, so that the jack 1 can perform pressure testing on the test pile 5 through the reaction pile 6 when jacking, in one embodiment, the connecting mechanism 3 includes two hoops 31 and two connecting chains 32. The two hoops 31 are respectively sleeved on the bottom outer surface of the reaction pile 6, and the two connecting chains 32 respectively connect the two hoops 31 to the two ends of the balance beam 2. By connecting the two hoops 31 to the two reaction piles 6, and then connecting the balance beam 2 and the two hoops 31 together through the two connecting chains 32, the jack 1 can transmit the jacking force to the reaction pile 6 through the connecting chains 32 through the hoops 31 when jacking, and convert the reaction force of the reaction pile 6 into pressure on the test pile 5, thereby completing the compression test on the test pile 5.

[0038] Since the test pile 5 will sink during the compression test, the position of the telescopic support rod 41 will change in angle, thereby causing the length supported by the telescopic support rod 41 to change. Therefore, in order to better ensure that the telescopic support rod 41 can maintain the supporting force when the support length changes, in one embodiment, the sleeve 42 is set above the clamp 31 with the ground as the reference, so that the tail end of the fixing rod 411 is higher than the top end of the push rod 412, so that the telescopic support rods 41 on the left and right sides are in an inverted "V" shape. When the test pile 5 sinks, at this time This means that the lifting force of the jack 1 is gradually increasing, and the tension caused to the reaction pile 6 is gradually increasing. Therefore, when the test pile 5 sinks and drives the hoop 42 to sink together, the support distance between the reaction pile 6 and the test pile 5 will be shortened, thereby further compressing the space of the sealed cavity 43, so that the air pressure in the sealed cavity 43 is further increased, so as to correspond to the further increased tension on the reaction pile 6, so that the tension on the reaction pile 6 can be better offset, thereby avoiding the tilt of the reaction pile 6.

[0039] Since the lifting force of the jack 1 acts in a small range, and a large lifting force can easily cause damage to the end face of the test pile 5, in order to ensure the integrity of the test pile 5 during the compression test, in one embodiment, a pad 8 is provided between the bottom surface of the jack 1 and the top surface of the test pile 5. The pad 8 is made of a steel plate. The steel plate is installed on the top surface of the test pile 5 to divide and bear the loading force of the jack 1 on the test pile through the steel plate, so that the test pile 5 will not be directly affected by the force of the jack 1, thereby protecting the test pile from damage.

[0040] In order to prevent the test pile 5 from breaking during the compression test, in one embodiment, a hoop 42 is also provided on the top of the test pile 5 to tighten the test pile 5 to prevent the jack 1 from crushing it.

[0041] Based on the above-mentioned loading device for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single photovoltaic pile, the present invention further proposes a loading method for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single photovoltaic pile, comprising the following steps:

[0042] S1: Install the loading device, and install the jack 1, balance beam 2, connection mechanism 3 and telescopic support mechanism 4 on the test pile 5 and reaction pile 6 respectively;

[0043] S2: Adjust the supporting force of the telescopic support mechanism 4 and inject compressed gas into the sealed cavity 43 in the fixed rod 411 to make the sealed cavity 43 have a predetermined pressure value to push the push rod 412 to abut against the reaction pile 6 to provide thrust for it;

[0044] S3: The loading test begins, the jack 1 is started, and the reaction pile 6 provides downward pressure to the test pile 5 through the connection mechanism 3 to perform a compression test;

[0045] S4: Recording the test results. The test pile 5 settles during the test, driving the telescopic support rod 41 to rotate so that the angle detector 7 detects and records the rotation angle of the telescopic support rod 41.

[0046] S5: The test is finished. When the output force of the jack 1 reaches the preset value, if the detection result of the angle detector 7 is within the preset value, it means that the compression test of the test pile 5 is qualified, otherwise it is unqualified.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loading device for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single photovoltaic pile, characterized by: It includes a jack, a balance beam, a connecting mechanism and a telescopic support mechanism. The jack is vertically installed on the top surface of the test pile, the balance beam is installed on the top surface of the jack, and the opposite ends of the balance beam are connected to the connecting mechanism. The connecting mechanism is used to connect the reaction pile and the balance beam. The middle part of the telescopic support mechanism is sleeved on the bottom outer surface of the test pile, and the two ends of the telescopic support mechanism are respectively in contact with the two reaction piles. The telescopic support mechanism includes two telescopic support rods and a hoop. The hoop is sleeved on the bottom of the test pile. Connecting rings are provided on opposite sides of the hoop. The two telescopic support rods are rotatably connected to the two connecting rings respectively. The other ends of the two telescopic support rods are rotatably connected to the bottom outer walls of the two reaction piles respectively. The telescopic support rods are used to offset the horizontal pulling force of the connecting mechanism on the reaction pile.

2. A loading device for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a photovoltaic pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic support rod includes a fixed rod and a push rod. A sealed cavity begins on the top surface of the fixed rod. The bottom of the push rod slides and is closely connected in the sealed cavity. The bottom end of the fixed rod is rotatably connected to the connecting ring, and the top end of the push rod is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the reaction pile.

3. A loading device for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a photovoltaic pile according to claim 2, characterized in that: A through hole is formed at the side wall of the sealed cavity. An air pipe joint is provided in the through hole, and compressed gas is injected into the sealed cavity through the air pipe joint.

4. The loading device for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a photovoltaic pile according to claim 2, characterized in that: An angle detector is also provided at the tail end of the fixing rod, and the angle detector is used to detect the angle between the fixing rod and the horizontal line.

5. The loading device for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a photovoltaic pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism includes two hoops and two connecting iron chains. The two hoops are respectively sleeved on the bottom outer surface of the reaction pile, and the two connecting iron chains respectively connect the two hoops to the two ends of the balance beam.

6. The loading device for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a photovoltaic pile according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sleeve position of the sleeve is located above the clamp with the ground as a reference.

7. The loading device for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a photovoltaic pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pad is provided between the bottom surface of the jack and the top surface of the test pile, and the pad is made of a steel plate.

8. The loading device for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a photovoltaic pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the test pile is sleeved with a hoop.

9. A loading method for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single photovoltaic pile, used in the loading device for detecting the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single photovoltaic pile according to claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Install the loading device, and install the jack, balance beam, connection mechanism and telescopic support mechanism on the test pile and reaction pile respectively; S2: Adjust the support force of the telescopic support mechanism and inject compressed gas into the sealed cavity in the fixed rod to make the sealed cavity have a predetermined pressure value to push the push rod to contact the reaction pile and provide thrust for it; S3: The loading test begins, the jack is started, and the reaction pile provides downward pressure to the test pile through the connection mechanism to perform the compression test; S4: Record the test results. The test pile settles during the test, driving the telescopic support rod to rotate so that the angle detector detects and records the rotation angle of the telescopic support rod. S5: The test is completed. When the jack output force reaches the preset value, if the detection result of the angle detector is within the preset value, it means that the test pile compression test is qualified, otherwise it is unqualified.

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