Gearbox synchronizer

Abstract

The invention relates to a gearbox synchronizer which comprises a gear sleeve, a gear hub, an outer conical ring provided with a first inner conical surface, a middle conical ring provided with a first outer conical surface and a second inner conical surface, an inner conical ring provided with a second outer conical surface, a shift gear, a shaft, a spring and a push block. The connecting gear is in transmission connection with the gear-position gear and rotates synchronously with the gear-position gear; a plurality of grooves are uniformly formed in the circumference of the gear hub, and connecting blocks are movably embedded in the grooves; a first through groove and a second through groove are formed in the connecting block; the first boss extends into the first through groove, and the third boss extends into the second through groove. A through hole is formed in the connecting gear, a second boss is arranged on the middle conical ring, and the second boss extends into the through hole. The gearbox synchronizer is convenient to maintain and operate, few in part replacement, high in efficiency and low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a gearbox synchronizer and belongs to the technical field of vehicle manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] A transmission synchronizer is a mechanical device that ensures smooth meshing of gears during gear shifts, avoiding shock and damage. It achieves this by ensuring that the meshing gears reach a consistent speed, thus enabling smooth shifting. Existing synchronizers typically achieve speed synchronization and torque transmission through friction caused by conical surfaces. Consequently, the multiple components involved in friction are susceptible to wear and failure, particularly during high-torque synchronization. This shortens the synchronizer's service life and necessitates frequent maintenance, which often requires the replacement of numerous components and results in relatively high costs.

[0003] Chinese patent CN106402189B discloses a synchronizer and a gearbox, wherein the synchronizer includes a gear sleeve, a gear hub, an outer conical ring, an intermediate conical ring, an inner conical ring, a cone, a spring and a push block. This solution adds conical surface friction between the inner conical ring and the cone on the basis of the existing double-cone synchronizer to form a three-cone synchronizer. This can improve the synchronization torque without increasing the radial size of the product, thereby shortening the shift synchronization time; a clearance portion consisting of a through hole and / or a through groove is provided on the gear hub, and the boss on the outer conical ring and the claw on the inner conical ring extend into the clearance portion. This can reduce the axial size of the synchronizer and shorten the shift stroke of the synchronizer, thereby increasing the total shift lever ratio while ensuring that the shift distance of the cab remains unchanged, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the shift operation force. The friction components involved in this solution mainly include the outer cone ring, the middle cone ring and the inner cone ring, which are all independent components and can be replaced separately after wear. At the same time, the above three components are respectively inserted into the through holes, through grooves and connecting holes of the gear hub or cone through protruding structures such as bosses and claws to realize power transmission between the gear hub and the cone. Under the condition of large torque synchronization, these connecting parts are also prone to wear, resulting in the gear hub and cone still needing to be replaced frequently. During maintenance, it is necessary to disassemble and replace many parts, which is cumbersome and inefficient, and increases maintenance costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a transmission synchronizer that is easy to maintain, requires fewer parts to replace, has high efficiency, and is low in cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a transmission synchronizer which is easy to maintain, requires few parts to replace, has high efficiency and low cost.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved like this: A transmission synchronizer comprises a gear sleeve, a gear hub, an outer conical ring having a first inner conical surface, an intermediate conical ring having a first outer conical surface and a second inner conical surface, an inner conical ring having a second outer conical surface, a gear gear, a shaft, a spring, and a push block; the first inner conical surface cooperates with the first outer conical surface, and the second inner conical surface cooperates with the second outer conical surface; the outer conical ring is provided with a first boss, the inner conical ring is provided with a third boss, and the synchronizer further comprises a connecting gear that is transmission-connected to the gear gear and rotates synchronously therewith; A plurality of grooves are evenly formed on the circumference of the gear hub, and a connecting block is movably embedded in the groove; a first through groove and a second through groove are formed on the connecting block; the first boss extends into the first through groove, and the third boss extends into the second through groove; A through hole is provided on the connecting gear, and a second boss is provided on the middle cone ring, and the second boss extends into the through hole.

[0007] Preferably, the inner contour of the groove is adapted to the outer contour of the connecting block.

[0008] Preferably, the inner contour of the groove is U-shaped.

[0009] Preferably, three grooves are evenly formed on the gear hub, and three connecting blocks are embedded in each groove.

[0010] Preferably, the outer conical ring is provided with three first bosses, which respectively extend into the first through slots of the three connecting blocks; the inner conical ring is provided with three third bosses, which respectively extend into the second through slots of the three connecting blocks.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting gear is provided with six through holes evenly distributed on the same circumference, and the intermediate cone ring is provided with six corresponding second bosses extending into the corresponding six through holes.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting block includes two first through grooves and one second through groove; the three through grooves are distributed on the circumference of concentric circles with the center line of the shaft as the axis, wherein the two first through grooves are located on the circumference of the same large-diameter concentric circle, and the second through groove is located on the circumference of the small-diameter concentric circle, and the three through grooves are distributed in a herringbone shape.

[0013] Preferably, a first through groove accommodates a first boss, and a second through groove accommodates two third bosses extending side by side.

[0014] Preferably, the outer cone ring, the middle cone ring, the inner cone ring, the gear gear and the connecting gear are each in two sets, and are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the gear hub.

[0015] Preferably, the gear hub is connected to the shaft via a spline and rotates synchronously; the connecting gear and the shift gear are connected via a spline and rotate synchronously.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention movably embeds a connecting block on the gear hub, and utilizes the connecting block to cooperate with the boss and through-groove of the outer conical ring and the inner conical ring to transmit torque, thereby protecting the gear hub main structure from wear under high torque conditions; a connecting gear is provided between the shift gear and the intermediate conical ring, and utilizes the boss and through-hole cooperation structure of the connecting gear and the intermediate conical ring to transmit torque, thereby protecting the shift gear from wear under high torque conditions; the inner and outer conical surfaces of the intermediate conical ring respectively frictionally cooperate with the conical surfaces of the outer conical ring and the inner conical ring to transmit torque, and the torque between the gear hub and the shift gear is transmitted to realize synchronization function; under high torque conditions, the wear-prone positions are controlled on five small parts, namely the outer conical ring, the intermediate conical ring, the inner conical ring, the connecting block and the connecting gear. During maintenance, only the small parts need to be replaced, thereby simplifying maintenance operations, improving efficiency and reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a gearbox synchronizer of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the gear hub structure of a transmission synchronizer of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting block of a transmission synchronizer of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an outer cone ring of a gearbox synchronizer according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an intermediate cone ring of a gearbox synchronizer according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an inner cone ring of a gearbox synchronizer according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the gear position gear structure of a transmission synchronizer of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the connecting gear structure of a transmission synchronizer of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the gear sleeve structure of a transmission synchronizer of the present invention.

[0026] in: Gear sleeve 1, gear hub 2, outer cone ring 3, middle cone ring 4, inner cone ring 5, gear position gear 6, shaft 7, connecting gear 8, spring 9, push block 10; The groove 21 , the connecting block 22 , the first through groove 23 , the second through groove 24 , the first boss 31 , the second boss 41 , the third boss 51 , and the through hole 81 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] See also Figures 1 to 9 , the present invention relates to a gearbox synchronizer, comprising a gear sleeve 1, a gear hub 2, an outer conical ring 3 with a first inner conical surface, an intermediate conical ring 4 with a first outer conical surface and a second inner conical surface, an inner conical ring 5 with a second outer conical surface, a gear gear 6, a shaft 7, a connecting gear 8 that is transmission-connected and rotates synchronously with the gear gear 6, a spring 9 and a push block 10; the first inner conical surface cooperates with the first outer conical surface, and the second inner conical surface cooperates with the second outer conical surface; the outer conical ring 3, the intermediate conical ring 4, the inner conical ring 5, the gear gear 6 and the connecting gear 8 are each two sets, and are respectively arranged on the shaft 7 on the left and right sides of the gear hub 2, wherein the gear gear 6 is rotationally arranged on the shaft 7 or the gear hub 2. In this embodiment, the gear gear 6 is rotationally arranged on the gear hub 2; the gear hub 2 and the shaft 7 are spline-connected and rotate synchronously; the connecting gear 8 and the gear gear 6 are spline-connected and rotate synchronously; before synchronization, there is no transmission connection between the gear hub 2 and the gear gear 6; Three grooves 21 are evenly arranged on the circumference of the gear hub 2, and three connecting blocks 22 are movably embedded in the three grooves 21. The inner contour of the grooves 21 is adapted to the outer contour of the connecting block 22. In this embodiment, the inner contour of the grooves 21 is U-shaped. When the gear hub 2 rotates, the grooves 21 drive the connecting block 22 to rotate synchronously. Two first through grooves 23 and one second through groove 24 are arranged on the connecting block 22. The three through grooves are distributed on the circumference of concentric circles with the center line of the shaft 7 as the axis. The two first through grooves 23 are located on the circumference of the same large-diameter concentric circle, and the second through groove 24 is located on the circumference of the small-diameter concentric circle. The three through grooves are distributed in a herringbone shape. The connecting gear 8 is provided with six through holes 81 evenly distributed on the same circumference. The outer conical ring 3 is provided with three first bosses 31, which extend into the first through-slots 23 of the three connecting blocks 22 and rotate synchronously with the connecting blocks 22. Since there are two outer conical rings 3 on either side of the gear hub 2, there are a total of six first bosses 31, and the three connecting blocks 22 have a total of six first through-slots 23. The six first bosses 31 correspond one-to-one and extend into the six first through-slots 23, that is, each first through-slot 23 only accommodates one first boss 31. The mating structure of the first bosses 31 and the first through-slots 23 allows the outer conical ring 3 and the connecting blocks 22 to rotate synchronously. The inner conical ring 5 is provided with three third bosses 51. These bosses 51 extend into the second slots 24 of the three connecting blocks 22 and rotate synchronously with the connecting blocks 22. Since there are two inner conical rings 5 on either side of the gear hub 2, there are six third bosses 51 in total, and the three connecting blocks 22 have three second slots 24 in total. The six third bosses 51 extend into the three second slots 24, meaning that each second slot 24 accommodates two third bosses 51 extending side by side. The mating structure between the third bosses 51 and the second slots 24 allows the inner conical ring 5 and the connecting blocks 22 to rotate synchronously. Since the connecting block 22 and the gear hub 2 cooperate with each other through the groove 21, the connecting block 22 and the gear hub 2 rotate synchronously. Therefore, the four components of the outer cone ring 3, the inner cone ring 5, the connecting block 22 and the gear hub 2 rotate synchronously. The intermediate cone ring 4 is provided with six second bosses 41, which extend into the six corresponding through holes 81 of the connecting gear 8 and rotate synchronously with the connecting gear 8. Due to the spline connection between the connecting gear 8 and the gear 6, the intermediate cone ring 4, the connecting gear 8, and the gear 6 rotate synchronously. When the gearbox shifts synchronously, the gear sleeve 1 moves horizontally to the left (right), driving the push block 10 to move horizontally to the left (right). The push block 10 pushes the left (right) outer cone ring 3 to the left (right). Using the cone surface structure, the outer cone ring 3 gradually presses the middle cone ring 4 toward the inner cone ring 5. The friction between the two sets of cone surfaces between the three cone rings is used to gradually synchronize the speeds of the three cone rings, thereby synchronizing the speeds of the left (right) side gear gear 6 and the gear hub 2, and preparing for the synchronous speed when the gear shift is completed.

[0028] In the above-mentioned synchronization process, among the components that transmit torque, since the three conical rings are set as independent components, and the torque is transmitted between the outer conical ring 3, the inner conical ring 5 and the gear hub 2 through an independent connecting block 22, and the intermediate cone 4 transmits torque through an independent connecting gear 8 and the gear gear 6, therefore, each link in the torque transmission is set as an independent component.

[0029] During torque transmission, the two sets of conical friction surfaces between the outer cone ring 3, the intermediate cone ring 4, and the inner cone ring 5 are one of the most susceptible areas to wear. Furthermore, the boss-to-slot structure between the outer cone ring 3, the inner cone ring 5, and the connecting block 22 is another area susceptible to wear, and the boss-to-hole structure between the intermediate cone ring 4 and the connecting gear 8 is another area susceptible to wear. When wear occurs, only the outer cone ring 3, the intermediate cone ring 4, the inner cone ring 5, the connecting block 22, or the connecting gear 8 need to be replaced. The gear hub 2 and the shift gear 6, the key components, remain protected and do not require replacement. This simplifies assembly and disassembly during maintenance and improves repair efficiency. Replaceable parts are small, reducing maintenance costs.

[0030] In addition: It should be noted that the above specific implementation is only an optimization scheme of this patent. Any changes or improvements made by technicians in this field based on the above concept are within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A gearbox synchronizer, comprising a gear sleeve (1), a gear hub (2), an outer conical ring (3) having a first inner conical surface, an intermediate conical ring (4) having a first outer conical surface and a second inner conical surface, an inner conical ring (5) having a second outer conical surface, a gear position gear (6), a shaft (7), a spring (9) and a push block (10); the first inner conical surface cooperates with the first outer conical surface, and the second inner conical surface cooperates with the second outer conical surface; the outer conical ring (3) is provided with a first boss (31), and the inner conical ring (5) is provided with a third boss (51), characterized in that: It also includes a connecting gear (8) that is transmission-connected to the gear gear (6) and rotates synchronously; A plurality of grooves (21) are evenly formed on the circumference of the gear hub (2), and a connecting block (22) is movably embedded in the groove (21); a first through groove (23) and a second through groove (24) are formed on the connecting block (22); the first boss (31) extends into the first through groove (23), and the third boss (51) extends into the second through groove (24); A through hole (81) is provided on the connecting gear (8), and a second boss (41) is provided on the intermediate cone ring (4), and the second boss (41) extends into the through hole (81).

2. The transmission synchronizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner contour shape of the groove (21) is adapted to the outer contour shape of the connecting block (22).

3. The transmission synchronizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner contour of the groove (21) is U-shaped.

4. The transmission synchronizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three grooves (21) are evenly formed on the gear hub (2), and three connecting blocks (22) are embedded in each groove.

5. The transmission synchronizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer cone ring (3) is provided with three first bosses (31), which respectively extend into the first through slots (23) of the three connecting blocks (22); the inner cone ring (5) is provided with three third bosses (51), which respectively extend into the second through slots (24) of the three connecting blocks (22).

6. The transmission synchronizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting gear (8) is provided with six through holes (81) evenly distributed on the same circumference, and the intermediate cone ring (4) is provided with six corresponding second bosses (41) extending into the corresponding six through holes (81).

7. The transmission synchronizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting block (22) comprises two first through grooves (23) and one second through groove (24); the three through grooves are distributed on the circumference of concentric circles with the center line of the shaft (7) as the axis, wherein the two first through grooves (23) are located on the circumference of the same large-diameter concentric circle, and the second through groove (24) is located on the circumference of the small-diameter concentric circle, and the three through grooves are distributed in a herringbone shape.

8. The transmission synchronizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first through groove (23) accommodates a first boss (31), and a second through groove (24) accommodates two third bosses (51) extending side by side.

9. The transmission synchronizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cone ring (3), the middle cone ring (4), the inner cone ring (5), the gear gear (6), and the connecting gear (8) are all in two sets, and are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the gear hub (2).

10. The transmission synchronizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear hub (2) and the shaft (7) are connected via a spline and rotate synchronously; the connecting gear (8) and the gear gear (6) are connected via a spline and rotate synchronously.

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