Tubular heat exchanger for petrochemical industry

Abstract

The invention discloses a shell and tube heat exchanger for petrochemical engineering, and relates to the technical field of shell and tube heat exchangers. Comprising two tube plates, the two tube plates are located at the joints between the shell and the tube box and between the shell and the discharge tube respectively, a plurality of fixing tubes are arranged on the opposite sides of the tube plates and evenly arranged on the tube plates, a hexagon is formed by the fixing tubes, the outer sides of the fixing tubes are fixedly connected with partition plates, and the partition plates are fixedly connected with the shell. The outer side of the fixing pipe is fixedly connected with a folded plate, and the partition plate and the folded plate are arranged on the fixing pipe in a staggered mode. According to the shell and tube heat exchanger for the petrochemical industry, a countercurrent flow heat exchange mode is adopted, a large temperature difference can be kept between a substance and a medium, in the whole heat exchange process, the high-temperature substance and the low-temperature medium can conduct heat exchange under the large temperature difference all the time, and therefore the driving force of heat transfer is improved, heat transfer is more sufficient, and the service life of the heat exchanger is prolonged. The heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shell and tube heat exchangers, in particular to a shell and tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry. Background Art

[0002] Petrochemical production involves numerous complex processes, such as crude oil distillation, catalytic cracking, and hydrotreating. These processes require heating, cooling, and condensing fluids to control reaction temperatures and separate products. As key equipment for heat transfer, tubular heat exchangers directly impact the stability of the production process and product quality. With the expansion of petrochemical production and the improvement of process requirements, more complex and efficient tubular heat exchangers, such as shell-and-tube heat exchangers, have emerged. Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are categorized into various types based on their structural characteristics, including fixed tubesheet, floating head, U-tube, and stuffing box, to meet the heat exchange requirements under different operating conditions.

[0003] When an existing shell-and-tube heat exchanger performs heat exchange operations on fluids, it is necessary to introduce the corresponding hot fluid and cold fluid into the interior of the heat exchanger, and the corresponding heat exchange operation is completed through the contact between the hot fluid and the cold fluid. During the flow process, the temperature difference between the hot fluid and the cold fluid is too large, which will generate thermal stress, and the thermal stress will cause damage to the equipment. At the same time, the flow of the hot fluid and the cold fluid inside the container will cause some impurities to accumulate and adhere to the inside of the container, seriously affecting the heat utilization rate of the heat exchanger, resulting in reduced heat transfer and heat exchange efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A shell and tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry, comprising a shell, an end of the shell fixedly connected to a pipe box, an end of the shell away from the pipe box fixedly connected to a discharge pipe, a top of the shell fixedly connected to a feed pipe, the feed pipe is located on a side of the shell close to the discharge pipe, and a top of the outer side of the shell fixedly connected to a discharge pipe, the discharge pipe is located on a side of the shell close to the pipe box;

[0005] Tube bundle, the tube bundle is fixedly installed inside the shell;

[0006] The sealing assembly is fixedly installed at the connection between the shell, the pipe box and the discharge pipe;

[0007] The tube bundle includes two tube sheets, and the two tube sheets are respectively located at the connection between the shell and the tube box and the discharge pipe. Fixed tubes are arranged on the opposite sides of the tube sheets. The cooling medium enters the shell through the tube box and flows through the interior of the fixed tube and is then discharged through the discharge pipe. At the same time, the material to be cooled enters the interior of the shell through the feed pipe and contacts with the cooling medium inside the fixed tube to achieve efficient heat exchange, and quickly cool the material to be cooled to the temperature required for the subsequent process, ensuring that the subsequent processing proceeds smoothly, improving the efficiency of the entire production process and the quality of the product, and finally being discharged through the discharge pipe. At the inlet end of the shell, the material temperature is the highest, the medium temperature is the lowest, and the temperature difference is the largest; as the material flows in the shell and the medium flows in the fixed tube, the material gradually cools down and the medium gradually heats up. By adopting a countercurrent heat exchange method, a large temperature difference can be maintained between the material and the medium, so that in the entire heat exchange process, the high-temperature material and the low-temperature medium can always exchange heat under a large temperature difference, thereby improving the heat The driving force of quantity transfer makes heat transfer more sufficient, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger. There are multiple fixed tubes, and the multiple fixed tubes are evenly arranged on the tube plate, and the multiple fixed tubes form a hexagon. The outside of the fixed tube is fixedly connected with a partition. By setting the inlet ends of the material and the medium at the two ends of the shell respectively, the temperature distribution of the fluid in the tube is relatively uniform, which reduces the thermal stress caused by drastic temperature changes, helps to extend the service life of the heat exchanger, reduce the possibility of damage to the equipment due to thermal fatigue, and ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment. The outside of the fixed tube is fixedly connected with a folded plate, and the partition is staggered and arranged on the fixed tube. The folded plate and the partition are both inclined. The material enters the interior of the shell through the feed pipe, and then flows in the gap between the folded plate and the partition inside the shell, dividing the shell side into multiple flow channels, increasing the shell side material flow rate, improving the heat transfer coefficient, reducing the short-circuiting phenomenon of the shell side material, making the material flow more evenly through the outside of the fixed tube, and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, a guide plate is fixedly connected to the side of the outer side of the fixed tube close to the feed tube, and the guide plate is connected to the fixed tubes on both sides of the hexagon. A through hole is opened on the outer side of the tube sheet close to the fixed tube, and the fixed tube is located inside the through hole. The through holes are distributed in a honeycomb shape. The honeycomb-shaped through holes make the structure of the tube sheet more uniform and the force more balanced. The walls between adjacent through holes support each other to form a stable structure similar to a honeycomb, which can effectively improve the pressure resistance and deformation resistance of the tube sheet and can withstand external forces such as the pressure difference between the tube side and the shell side fluid and the vibration of the pipeline. , reducing the possibility of damage such as cracks and deformation on the tube sheet. At the same time, the honeycomb-shaped distribution of through holes helps to achieve uniform distribution of the fluid in the tube side. When the fluid enters the fixed tube from the through hole on the tube sheet, the honeycomb distribution makes the fluid flow more uniform on the tube sheet cross section, avoiding the situation where the local flow is too large or too small, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the entire heat exchanger and making the heat exchange process more sufficient and stable. There are multiple through holes, and multiple through holes are evenly distributed on the tube sheet. The inner wall of the through hole is fixedly connected with a sleeve, which passes through the tube sheet through the through hole. The sleeve The end of the fixed tube is connected with a trapezoidal ring. There are two trapezoidal rings. The two trapezoidal rings are symmetrically arranged with the sleeve as the center. The outer sides of the two ends of the fixed tube are provided with threaded grooves. The end of the fixed tube is provided with a fixing block. The fixing block is threadedly connected with the fixed tube through the threaded groove. The fixed tube passes through the tube sheet through the through hole. Then, the pre-tightening force generated by tightening the fixing block makes the tube sheet and the fixed tube fit tightly. At the same time, the gasket is squeezed between the trapezoidal ring and the fixing block and fits tightly with the tube sheet to achieve sealing and fixed connection, which is convenient for assembly, disassembly and maintenance of the fixed tube. When inspecting, cleaning or replacing parts inside the heat exchanger, the fixing block can be easily loosened and the parts can be separated. The fixed pipe passes through the tube sheet, and the fixing block is located on the side of the tube sheet away from the fixed pipe. The side of the fixing block close to the trapezoidal ring is inclined. A gasket is provided on the side of the trapezoidal ring close to the tube sheet. The gasket is elastic and is located in the gap between the trapezoidal ring and the tube sheet. The inside of the fixed pipe is fixedly connected with an intermediate plate. By arranging the intermediate plate inside the fixed pipe, the single tube channel of the fixed pipe is divided into two parallel sub-channels, thereby increasing the fluid flow rate and promoting turbulence.

[0009] The cam is provided with a plurality of grooves on the sides of the tube sheet so as to prevent the tube sheet from being jammed and the cam is provided with a plurality of grooves on the sides of the tube sheet. Reduce the impact of vibration on the connection between the tube sheet and the shell, reduce fatigue stress, and extend the service life of the equipment. Due to the different fluid temperatures in the tube side and the shell side, the thermal expansion degrees of the tube sheet and the shell are different. The elastic ring can allow relative displacement between the tube sheet and the shell to a certain extent, compensate for this thermal expansion difference, and avoid damage to the equipment structure due to excessive thermal stress. The side plate close to the protrusion is fixedly connected with an elastic ring. There are two elastic rings, and the two elastic rings are symmetrically arranged with the tube sheet as the center. The elastic ring is a C-shaped ring, and the protrusion is located inside the groove of the elastic ring. The end of the side plate away from the ring plate is set as a bevel. The side of the ring plate is fixedly connected with a stopper. The stopper and the contact side form a labyrinth sealing structure. By setting a sealing component, the fluids in the tube side and the shell side are prevented from leaking into each other, ensuring that the two different media flow in their respective channels, ensuring the normal operation of the heat exchanger and the stability of the process, and preventing material loss, environmental pollution and even safety accidents caused by media leakage.

[0010] Preferably, the pipe box includes an outer shell, which is fixedly connected to the shell, and a short tube is provided on the outer shell away from the middle of the shell, the short tube is used for feeding, and the outer shell is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell near the shell, and the cooling medium enters the interior of the outer shell through the short tube, and the cooling medium is filtered through the filter plate to prevent impurities from entering the interior of the tube bundle, and to prevent impurities from accumulating on the inner wall of the fixed tube, causing the fixed tube to be blocked, affecting the circulation of the medium, reducing the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, and even damaging the heat exchanger in severe cases, shortening its service life. Under the flow of the cooling medium, the spiral plate drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the spiral plate cleans the outside of the filter plate to prevent the filter plate from being blocked. The filter plate is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft on the side away from the shell, and the outer side of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the spiral plate. There are multiple spiral plates, and the multiple spiral plates are evenly distributed with the rotating shaft as the center.

[0011] Preferably, the feed pipe includes a round tube, which is fixedly connected to the top of the shell, and the round tube is located at the interval between the two tube plates. A horizontal tube is fixedly connected to the outside of the round tube, and the horizontal tube vertically penetrates the round tube, and the horizontal tube is connected to the round tube. A ball is fixedly connected to the inside of the round tube, and the ball is located at the connection between the round tube and the horizontal tube. The substance enters the inside of the round tube. Under the guidance of the ball, the substance enters the inside of the horizontal tube through the guide grooves on both sides above, and then passes through the filter holes on the square plate and enters the inside of the round tube below the horizontal tube from the guide groove below, and then enters the inside of the shell, preventing impurities from entering the inside of the shell and preventing impurities from adhering to the fixed tube. The surface will form a dirt layer if it adheres for a long time. The thermal resistance of the dirt layer is large, which will hinder the transfer of heat and reduce the heat exchange effect. In addition, some corrosive impurities may corrode the surface of the fixed tube and further damage the heat exchanger. These impurities can be effectively removed by filtering to protect the cleanliness of the surface of the fixed tube. The sphere separates the circular tube and the transverse tube into four parts. There is a guide groove on the outside of the sphere. There are four guide grooves, which are set at the connection between the circular tube and the transverse tube. The guide grooves connect the circular tube and the transverse tube. A square plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the transverse tube. The square plate is fixedly connected to the sphere, and filter holes are provided on the outside of the square plate.

[0012] The present invention provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry can maintain a large temperature difference between the substance and the medium by adopting the countercurrent heat exchange method. Therefore, during the entire heat exchange process, the high-temperature substance and the low-temperature medium can always exchange heat under a large temperature difference, thereby increasing the driving force of heat transfer, making the heat transfer more sufficient, and effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.

[0014] 2. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry makes the structure of the tube sheet more uniform and the force more balanced through the honeycomb-shaped distribution of through holes. The walls between adjacent through holes support each other to form a stable structure similar to a honeycomb, which can effectively improve the pressure resistance and deformation resistance of the tube sheet. It can withstand the pressure difference between the tube side and shell side fluids and external forces such as pipeline vibration, reducing the possibility of damage such as cracks and deformation in the tube sheet.

[0015] 3. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry uses the pre-tightening force generated by tightening the fixing block to make the tube sheet and the fixed tube fit tightly. At the same time, the gasket is squeezed between the trapezoidal ring and the fixing block to fit tightly with the tube sheet, achieving a sealed and fixed connection, which is convenient for the assembly, disassembly and maintenance of the fixed tube.

[0016] Fourth, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry can fill the gap between the connection of tube sheet and shell through the elastic adaptation between the elastic ring and the protrusion on the side plate, forming an effective seal to prevent the fluid from leaking between the tube side and the shell side. The elastic ring can play a role in buffering and shock absorption, reducing the impact of vibration on the connection between tube sheet and shell, reducing fatigue stress and extending the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention as a whole;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tube bundle of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a partial tube bundle of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-sectional view of a fixed pipe of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 The structural diagram of the enlarged view at A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 The structural diagram of the enlarged view at B in the middle;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-sectional view of a pipe box according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of the feed pipe of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Shell; 2. Tube box; 21. Outer shell; 22. Filter plate; 23. Rotating shaft; 24. Spiral plate; 3. Discharge pipe; 4. Tube bundle; 41. Tube plate; 42. Fixed tube; 43. Partition; 44. Guide plate; 45. Folding plate; 46. Through hole; 47. Fixed block; 48. Trapezoidal ring; 49. Gasket; 410. Sleeve; 411. Middle plate; 5. Discharge pipe; 6. Feed pipe; 61. Round tube; 62. Horizontal tube; 63. Round ball; 64. Guide groove; 65. Square plate; 66. Filter hole; 7. Sealing assembly; 71. Protrusion; 72. Ring groove; 73. Ring plate; 74. Trapezoidal groove; 75. Elastic ring; 76. Bevel; 77. Stopper; 78. Side plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The first embodiment, as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a shell and tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry, comprising a shell 1, an end of the shell 1 is fixedly connected to a pipe box 2, an end of the shell 1 away from the pipe box 2 is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe 3, the top of the shell 1 is fixedly connected to a feed pipe 6, the feed pipe 6 is located on a side of the shell 1 close to the discharge pipe 3, and the outer top of the shell 1 is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe 5, the discharge pipe 5 is located on a side of the shell 1 close to the pipe box 2;

[0030] Tube bundle 4, which is fixedly installed inside the shell 1;

[0031] The sealing assembly 7 is fixedly installed at the connection between the housing 1, the pipe box 2 and the discharge pipe 3;

[0032] The tube bundle 4 includes two tube sheets 41, and the two tube sheets 41 are respectively located at the connection between the shell 1 and the tube box 2 and the discharge pipe 3. Fixed pipes 42 are provided on the opposite sides of the tube sheets 41. The cooling medium enters the shell 1 through the tube box 2 and flows through the interior of the fixed pipes 42, and is then discharged through the discharge pipe 3. At the same time, the material to be cooled enters the interior of the shell 1 through the feed pipe 6, and contacts with the cooling medium in the fixed pipes 42 to achieve efficient heat exchange, so that the material to be cooled is quickly cooled to the temperature required for the subsequent process, ensuring that the subsequent processing proceeds smoothly, improving the efficiency of the entire production process and the quality of the product, and finally discharged through the discharge pipe 5. At the inlet end of the shell 1, the material temperature is the highest, the medium temperature is the lowest, and the temperature difference is the largest; as the material flows in the shell and the medium flows in the fixed pipes 42, the material gradually cools down and the medium gradually heats up. By adopting a countercurrent heat exchange method, a large temperature difference can be maintained between the material and the medium, so that in the entire heat exchange process, the high-temperature material and the low-temperature medium can always exchange heat under a large temperature difference, thereby improving the heat transfer drive. Power, so that heat transfer is more sufficient, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, there are multiple fixed tubes 42, multiple fixed tubes 42 are evenly arranged on the tube plate 41, and multiple fixed tubes 42 form a hexagon, the outer side of the fixed tube 42 is fixedly connected with a partition 43, by setting the inlet ends of the substance and the medium at the two ends of the shell 1 respectively, so that the temperature distribution of the fluid in the tube is relatively uniform, reducing the thermal stress caused by drastic temperature changes, helping to extend the service life of the heat exchanger and reduce the damage of the equipment due to thermal fatigue In order to improve the possibility and ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment, a folded plate 45 is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed tube 42, and the partition 43 and the folded plate 45 are staggered on the fixed tube 42. The folded plate 45 and the partition 43 are both inclined. The material enters the interior of the shell 1 through the feed pipe 6, and then flows in the gap between the folded plate 45 and the partition 43 inside the shell 1, dividing the shell side into multiple flow channels, increasing the shell side material flow rate, improving the heat transfer coefficient, reducing the short-circuit phenomenon of the shell side material, and making the material flow through the outside of the fixed tube 42 more evenly, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0033] A guide plate 44 is fixedly connected to the side of the outer side of the fixed tube 42 near the feed pipe 6. The guide plate 44 is connected to the fixed tubes 42 on both sides of the hexagon. A through hole 46 is opened on the outer side of the tube plate 41 near the fixed tube 42. The fixed tube 42 is located inside the through hole 46. The through holes 46 are distributed in a honeycomb shape. The honeycomb-shaped through holes 46 make the structure of the tube plate 41 more uniform and the force more balanced. The walls between adjacent through holes 46 support each other to form a stable structure similar to a honeycomb, which can effectively improve the pressure resistance and deformation resistance of the tube plate, and can withstand the pressure difference between the tube side and the shell side fluid and the vibration of the pipeline and other external forces, thereby reducing the occurrence of cracks in the tube plate 41. The possibility of damage such as deformation is reduced. At the same time, the honeycomb-shaped distribution of through holes 46 helps to achieve uniform distribution of the fluid in the tube side. When the fluid enters the fixed tube 42 from the through holes on the tube plate 41, the honeycomb distribution makes the flow of the fluid on the cross section of the tube plate 41 more uniform, avoiding the situation where the local flow is too large or too small, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the entire heat exchanger and making the heat exchange process more sufficient and stable. There are multiple through holes 46, and the multiple through holes 46 are evenly distributed on the tube plate 41. The inner wall of the through hole 46 is fixedly connected with a sleeve 410, and the sleeve 410 passes through the tube plate 41 through the through hole 46. The end of the sleeve 410 is fixedly connected with a trapezoidal ring 48. There are two trapezoidal rings 48, and the two trapezoidal rings 48 are symmetrically arranged with the sleeve 410 as the center. The outer sides of the two ends of the fixed tube 42 are set as thread grooves, and the ends of the fixed tube 42 are provided with fixing blocks 47. The fixing blocks 47 are threadedly connected with the fixed tube 42 through the thread grooves. The fixed tube 42 passes through the tube sheet 41 through the through hole 46, and then the pre-tightening force generated by tightening the fixing blocks 47 is used to make the tube sheet 41 and the fixed tube 42 fit tightly. At the same time, the gasket 49 is squeezed between the trapezoidal ring 48 and the fixing block 47 and fits tightly with the tube sheet 41 to achieve sealing and fixed connection, which is convenient for assembly, disassembly and maintenance of the fixed tube 42. When the interior of the heat exchanger needs to be inspected, When inspecting, cleaning or replacing parts, the fixing block 47 can be easily loosened and the parts can be separated. The fixed tube 42 passes through the tube sheet 41. The fixing block 47 is located on the side of the tube sheet 41 away from the fixed tube 42. The side of the fixing block 47 close to the trapezoidal ring 48 is inclined. A gasket 49 is provided on the side of the trapezoidal ring 48 close to the tube sheet 41. The gasket 49 is elastic and is located in the gap between the trapezoidal ring 48 and the tube sheet 41. The interior of the fixed tube 42 is fixedly connected to the intermediate plate 411. By arranging the intermediate plate 411 inside the fixed tube 42, the single tube channel of the fixed tube 42 is divided into two parallel sub-channels, thereby increasing the fluid flow rate and promoting turbulence.

[0034] The second embodiment, based on the first embodiment, see Figures 7 and 8As shown, the sealing assembly 7 includes a ring plate 73, and a ring groove 72 is provided in the middle of the side of the tube plate 41. The ring plate 73 is snap-connected to the tube plate 41 through the ring groove 72. A trapezoidal groove 74 is provided on the outer side of the ring plate 73 away from the tube plate 41. Due to the influence of factors such as temperature and pressure, the ring plate 73 and the side plate 78 may be deformed. The existence of the ring groove 72 can provide a certain space, allowing slight displacement and deformation between the components, playing a transition role, so that they can better cooperate and avoid problems such as jamming and leakage caused by size mismatch or deformation. The ring plate 73 It is a trapezoidal arrangement. A protrusion 71 is fixedly connected to one side of the shell 1 near the ring plate 73. A side plate 78 is fixedly connected to one side of the ring plate 73 near the tube plate 41. There are two side plates 78. The two side plates 78 are symmetrically arranged with the tube plate 41 as the center. The edge of the tube plate 41 is located inside the space formed by the two side plates 78 and the ring plate 73. The elastic ring 75 on the side plate 78 is elastically adapted to the protrusion 71, which can fill the gap between the connection between the tube plate 41 and the shell 1 to form an effective seal to prevent mutual leakage of fluids in the tube side and the shell side. The elastic ring 75 can The elastic ring 75 can play the role of buffering and shock absorption, reducing the impact of vibration on the connection between the tube sheet 41 and the shell 1, reducing fatigue stress, and extending the service life of the equipment. Due to the different fluid temperatures in the tube side and the shell side, the thermal expansion degree of the tube sheet 41 and the shell 1 will be different. The elastic ring 75 can allow relative displacement between the tube sheet 41 and the shell 1 to a certain extent, compensate for this thermal expansion difference, and avoid damage to the equipment structure due to excessive thermal stress. The side plate 78 is fixedly connected to the side close to the protrusion 71 with an elastic ring 75. There are two elastic rings 75, and the two elastic rings 75 are based on the tube side. The plate 41 is arranged symmetrically with respect to the center, the elastic ring 75 is a C-shaped ring, the protrusion 71 is located inside the groove of the elastic ring 75, the end of the side plate 78 away from the ring plate 73 is set as a bevel 76, and the side of the ring plate 73 is fixedly connected with a stopper 77. The stopper 77 and the contact side form a labyrinth-like sealing structure. By setting the sealing assembly 7, the fluids in the tube side and the shell side are prevented from leaking into each other, ensuring that the two different media flow in their respective channels, ensuring the normal operation of the heat exchanger and the stability of the process, and preventing material loss, environmental pollution and even safety accidents caused by medium leakage.

[0035] The third embodiment, based on the first and second embodiments, see Figures 9 and 10As shown, the pipe box 2 includes an outer shell 21, which is fixedly connected to the shell 1. A short tube is provided at the middle of the outer shell 21 away from the shell 1, and the short tube is used for feeding. The outer shell 21 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1 near the shell 1. The cooling medium enters the interior of the outer shell 21 through the short tube, and the cooling medium is filtered by the filter plate 22 to prevent impurities from entering the interior of the tube bundle 4, so as to prevent impurities from accumulating on the inner wall of the fixed tube 42, causing the fixed tube 42 to be blocked, affecting the circulation of the medium, reducing the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, and even damaging the heat exchanger in severe cases, shortening its service life. Under the flow of the cooling medium, the spiral plate 24 drives the rotating shaft 23 to rotate, and the spiral plate 24 cleans the outside of the filter plate 22 to prevent the filter plate 22 from being blocked. The side of the filter plate 22 away from the shell 1 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 23, and the outer side of the rotating shaft 23 is fixedly connected to the spiral plate 24. There are multiple spiral plates 24, and the multiple spiral plates 24 are evenly distributed with the rotating shaft 23 as the center.

[0036] The feed pipe 6 includes a circular tube 61, which is fixedly connected to the top of the shell 1. The circular tube 61 is located at the interval between the two tube sheets 41. The outside of the circular tube 61 is fixedly connected to a transverse tube 62. The transverse tube 62 vertically penetrates the circular tube 61, and the transverse tube 62 is connected to the circular tube 61. The inside of the circular tube 61 is fixedly connected to a ball 63. The ball 63 is located at the connection between the circular tube 61 and the transverse tube 62. The substance enters the inside of the circular tube 61. Under the guiding action of the ball 63, the substance enters the inside of the transverse tube 62 through the guide grooves 64 on both sides above, and then passes through the filter holes 66 on the square plate 65, enters the inside of the circular tube 61 below the transverse tube 62 from the guide groove 64 below, and then enters the inside of the shell 1, preventing impurities from entering the inside of the shell 1 and avoiding impurities from adhering. On the surface of the fixed tube 42, a dirt layer will be formed after long-term adhesion. The thermal resistance of the dirt layer is large, which will hinder the transfer of heat and reduce the heat exchange effect. In addition, some corrosive impurities may cause corrosion to the surface of the fixed tube 42, further damaging the heat exchanger. These impurities can be effectively removed by filtering to protect the cleanliness of the surface of the fixed tube 42. The sphere 63 separates the circular tube 61 and the transverse tube 62 into four parts. A guide groove 64 is provided on the outside of the sphere 63. There are four guide grooves 64, which are arranged at the connection between the circular tube 61 and the transverse tube 62. The guide groove 64 connects the circular tube 61 and the transverse tube 62. A square plate 65 is fixedly connected to the middle of the transverse tube 62. The square plate 65 is fixedly connected to the sphere 63. A filter hole 66 is provided on the outside of the square plate 65.

[0037] During use, the cooling medium enters the interior of the shell 21 through the short tube, is filtered by the filter plate 22, enters the shell 1 through the pipe box 2 after filtration, flows through the interior of the fixed tube 42, and is then discharged through the discharge pipe 3. At the same time, the substance enters the interior of the circular tube 61. Under the guidance of the ball 63, the substance enters the interior of the horizontal tube 62 through the guide grooves 64 on both sides of the upper side, and then passes through the filter holes 66 on the square plate 65, and enters the interior of the circular tube 61 below the horizontal tube 62 from the guide groove 64 below, and then enters the interior of the shell 1, and contacts with the cooling medium inside the fixed tube 42 to achieve efficient heat exchange.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0039] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shell and tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry, characterized in that: include: A shell (1), an end of the shell (1) is fixedly connected to a pipe box (2), an end of the shell (1) away from the pipe box (2) is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe (3), a top of the shell (1) is fixedly connected to a feed pipe (6), the feed pipe (6) is located on a side of the shell (1) close to the discharge pipe (3), an outer top of the shell (1) is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe (5), the discharge pipe (5) is located on a side of the shell (1) close to the pipe box (2); a tube bundle (4), wherein the tube bundle (4) is fixedly mounted inside the housing (1); A sealing assembly (7), wherein the sealing assembly (7) is fixedly mounted at the connection between the housing (1), the pipe box (2) and the discharge pipe (3); The tube bundle (4) includes a tube sheet (41), and there are two tube sheets (41). The two tube sheets (41) are respectively located at the connection between the shell (1), the tube box (2) and the discharge pipe (3). Fixed tubes (42) are provided on opposite sides of the tube sheet (41). There are multiple fixed tubes (42). The multiple fixed tubes (42) are evenly arranged on the tube sheet (41), and the multiple fixed tubes (42) form a hexagon. The outer side of the fixed tube (42) is fixedly connected to a partition (43), and the outer side of the fixed tube (42) is fixedly connected to a folded plate (45). The partition (43) and the folded plate (45) are staggered and arranged on the fixed tube (42).

2. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide plate (44) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer side of the fixed tube (42) close to the feed tube (6), and the guide plate (44) is connected to the fixed tubes (42) on both sides of the hexagon. A through hole (46) is opened on the outer side of the tube plate (41) close to the fixed tube (42), and the fixed tube (42) is located inside the through hole (46).

3. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple through holes (46), and the multiple through holes (46) are evenly distributed on the tube plate (41). The inner wall of the through hole (46) is fixedly connected with a sleeve (410), and the sleeve (410) passes through the tube plate (41) through the through hole (46). The end of the sleeve (410) is fixedly connected with a trapezoidal ring (48). There are two trapezoidal rings (48), and the two trapezoidal rings (48) are symmetrically arranged with the sleeve (410) as the center.

4. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer sides of both ends of the fixed tube (42) are provided with thread grooves. The ends of the fixed tube (42) are provided with fixed blocks (47). The fixed blocks (47) are threadedly connected to the fixed tube (42) through the thread grooves. The fixed tube (42) passes through the tube plate (41).

5. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing block (47) is located on a side of the tube sheet (41) away from the fixing tube (42); the side of the fixing block (47) close to the trapezoidal ring (48) is inclined; a gasket (49) is provided on a side of the trapezoidal ring (48) close to the tube sheet (41); the gasket (49) is located at the interval between the trapezoidal ring (48) and the tube sheet (41); and an intermediate plate (411) is fixedly connected to the interior of the fixing tube (42).

6. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (7) includes a ring plate (73), a ring groove (72) is provided in the middle of the side of the tube plate (41), the ring plate (73) is snap-connected to the tube plate (41) through the ring groove (72), a trapezoidal groove (74) is provided on the outer side of the ring plate (73) away from the tube plate (41), the ring plate (73) is arranged in a trapezoidal shape, a protrusion (71) is fixedly connected to the side of the shell (1) close to the ring plate (73), and a side plate (78) is fixedly connected to the side of the ring plate (73) close to the tube plate (41), and there are two side plates (78), which are symmetrically arranged with the tube plate (41) as the center.

7. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry according to claim 6, characterized in that: The edge of the tube plate (41) is located inside the space formed by the two side plates (78) and the ring plate (73). An elastic ring (75) is fixedly connected to one side of the side plate (78) close to the protrusion (71). There are two elastic rings (75). The two elastic rings (75) are symmetrically arranged with the tube plate (41) as the center. The elastic ring (75) is a C-shaped ring. The protrusion (71) is located inside the groove of the elastic ring (75). The end of the side plate (78) away from the ring plate (73) is set as a bevel (76). The side of the ring plate (73) is fixedly connected to a stopper (77).

8. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe box (2) comprises an outer shell (21), the outer shell (21) is fixedly connected to the shell (1), a short tube is provided at the middle of the outer shell (21) away from the shell (1), a filter plate (22) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell (21) close to the shell (1), the filter plate (22) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (23) on the side away from the shell (1), and a spiral plate (24) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating shaft (23), and there are multiple spiral plates (24), which are evenly distributed around the rotating shaft (23).

9. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed pipe (6) includes a circular tube (61), the circular tube (61) is fixedly connected to the top of the shell (1), the circular tube (61) is located at the interval between the two tube sheets (41), the outer side of the circular tube (61) is fixedly connected to a transverse tube (62), the transverse tube (62) vertically penetrates the circular tube (61), and the transverse tube (62) is connected to the circular tube (61), and the interior of the circular tube (61) is fixedly connected to a ball (63).

10. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical industry according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ball (63) is located at the connection point between the circular tube (61) and the transverse tube (62). The ball (63) divides the circular tube (61) and the transverse tube (62) into four parts. A guide groove (64) is provided on the outside of the ball (63). The guide groove (64) connects the circular tube (61) and the transverse tube (62). A square plate (65) is fixedly connected to the middle of the transverse tube (62). The square plate (65) is fixedly connected to the ball (63). A filter hole (66) is provided on the outside of the square plate (65).

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