A shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical applications

Abstract

This invention discloses a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical applications, relating to the technical field of shell-and-tube heat exchangers. It includes two tube sheets, located at the connections between the shell and the tube box and the discharge pipe, respectively. Multiple fixed tubes are arranged evenly on opposite sides of the tube sheets, forming a hexagon. Baffles and baffles are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the fixed tubes, with the baffles and baffles offset from each other on the fixed tubes. This shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical applications, by employing a counter-current heat exchange method, maintains a large temperature difference between the substance and the medium. This ensures that the high-temperature substance and the low-temperature medium exchange heat at a consistently large temperature difference throughout the heat exchange process, thereby increasing the driving force for heat transfer, making heat transfer more complete, and effectively improving the heat exchanger's efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shell and tube heat exchanger technology, specifically a shell and tube heat exchanger for petrochemical applications. Background Technology

[0002] Petrochemical production involves numerous complex processes, such as crude oil distillation, catalytic cracking, and hydrorefining. These processes require heating, cooling, and condensation of fluids to control reaction temperatures and separate products. Tubular heat exchangers, as key equipment for heat transfer, directly affect the stability of the production process and product quality. With the expansion of petrochemical production scale and the increasing demands of processes, more complex and efficient tubular heat exchangers, such as shell-and-tube heat exchangers, have emerged. Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are further classified into various types based on their structural characteristics, including fixed tube sheet type, floating head type, U-tube type, and stuffing box type, to meet the heat exchange requirements under different operating conditions.

[0003] Existing shell-and-tube heat exchangers require the introduction of both hot and cold fluids into the heat exchanger for heat exchange operations. The heat exchange is completed through the contact between the hot and cold fluids. During the flow process, excessive temperature difference between the hot and cold fluids can generate thermal stress, which can damage the equipment. At the same time, the flow of hot and cold fluids inside the container can cause some impurities to accumulate and adhere to the inside of the container, which seriously affects the heat utilization rate of the heat exchanger and reduces heat transfer and heat exchange efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical use, comprising a shell, a tube box fixedly connected to one end of the shell, a discharge pipe fixedly connected to one end of the shell away from the tube box, a feed pipe fixedly connected to the top of the shell, the feed pipe being located on the side of the shell closer to the discharge pipe, and a discharge pipe fixedly connected to the top of the outer side of the shell, the discharge pipe being located on the side of the shell closer to the tube box.

[0005] Tube bundle, which is fixedly installed inside the housing;

[0006] A sealing assembly is fixedly installed at the connection between the housing and the pipe box and the discharge pipe;

[0007] The tube bundle includes two tube sheets, located at the connections between the shell and the tube box and the discharge pipe, respectively. Fixed tubes are positioned on opposite sides of the tube sheets. The cooling medium enters the shell through the tube box, flows through the interior of the fixed tubes, and then exits through the discharge pipe. Simultaneously, the material to be cooled enters the shell through the feed pipe, coming into contact with the cooling medium inside the fixed tubes to achieve efficient heat exchange. This rapidly cools the material to the temperature required for subsequent processes, ensuring smooth processing and improving the efficiency and product quality of the entire production process. Finally, the material is discharged through the discharge pipe. At the inlet end of the shell, the material temperature is the highest, and the medium temperature is the lowest, resulting in the largest temperature difference. As the material flows through the shell and the medium flows through the fixed tubes, the material gradually cools while the medium gradually heats up. By employing a counter-current heat exchange method, a large temperature difference is maintained between the material and the medium, ensuring that the high-temperature material and the low-temperature medium exchange heat at a consistently large temperature difference throughout the entire heat exchange process, thereby improving the efficiency of the heat exchange process. The driving force of heat transfer makes heat transfer more complete, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger. There are multiple fixed tubes, which are evenly arranged on the tube sheet and form a hexagon. The outside of the fixed tubes is fixedly connected to the baffles. By setting the inlet ends of the material and the medium at the two ends of the shell respectively, the temperature distribution of the fluid inside the tubes is relatively uniform, reducing the thermal stress caused by drastic temperature changes, which helps to extend the service life of the heat exchanger, reduce the possibility of equipment damage due to thermal fatigue, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment. The outside of the fixed tubes is fixedly connected to the baffles, which are staggered with the baffles on the fixed tubes. Both the baffles and the baffles are inclined. The material enters the interior of the shell through the feed pipe and then flows in the gap between the baffles and the baffles inside the shell, dividing the shell side into multiple flow channels, increasing the material flow velocity in the shell side, improving the heat transfer coefficient, reducing the short-circuiting phenomenon of the material in the shell side, and making the material flow more evenly across the outside of the fixed tubes, thus improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, a guide plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed tube near the feed tube. The guide plate is connected to the fixed tubes on both sides of the hexagon. Through holes are formed on the outer side of the tube sheet near the fixed tubes, and the fixed tubes are located inside the through holes. The through holes are distributed in a honeycomb pattern. This honeycomb distribution makes the tube sheet structure more uniform and the stress more balanced. The walls of adjacent through holes support each other, forming a stable honeycomb-like structure. This effectively improves the tube sheet's compressive strength and deformation resistance, allowing it to withstand the pressure difference between the tube-side and shell-side fluids, as well as external forces such as pipe vibration. This design reduces the likelihood of damage such as cracks and deformation in the tube sheet. Simultaneously, the honeycomb-shaped distribution of through-holes helps achieve uniform fluid distribution along the tubes. When fluid enters the fixed tubes through the through-holes in the tube sheet, the honeycomb distribution makes the fluid flow more uniform across the tube sheet cross-section, avoiding localized excessive or insufficient flow rates. This improves the overall heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, making the heat exchange process more thorough and stable. Multiple through-holes are evenly distributed on the tube sheet, and sleeves are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the through-holes. These sleeves penetrate the tube sheet through the through-holes. The end of the tube is fixedly connected with two trapezoidal rings, symmetrically arranged around the sleeve. Threaded grooves are provided on the outer sides of both ends of the fixed tube, and a fixing block is provided at the end of the fixed tube. The fixing block is threadedly connected to the fixed tube through the threaded groove. The fixed tube is passed through the through hole into the tube sheet, and then the preload generated by tightening the fixing block ensures a tight fit between the tube sheet and the fixed tube. Simultaneously, the gasket, squeezed between the trapezoidal rings and the fixing block, is also tightly fitted to the tube sheet, achieving a seal and fixed connection. This facilitates the assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the fixed tube. When inspecting, cleaning, or replacing parts inside the heat exchanger, the fixing block can be easily loosened to separate the components. The fixing tube passes through the tube sheet, and the fixing block is located on the side of the tube sheet away from the fixing tube. The side of the fixing block near the trapezoidal ring is inclined. A gasket is provided on the side of the trapezoidal ring near the tube sheet. The gasket is elastic and is located in the gap between the trapezoidal ring and the tube sheet. An intermediate plate is fixedly connected inside the fixing tube. By setting an intermediate plate inside the fixing tube, the single tube channel of the fixing tube is divided into two parallel sub-channels, which increases the fluid velocity and promotes turbulence.

[0009] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes an annular plate, with an annular groove formed in the middle of the side of the tube sheet. The annular plate is snap-fitted to the tube sheet through the annular groove. A trapezoidal groove is formed on the outer side of the annular plate away from the tube sheet. Due to factors such as temperature and pressure, the annular plate and side plate may deform. The presence of the annular groove provides a certain space, allowing for slight displacement and deformation between components, serving as a transition and enabling them to fit better. This avoids problems such as jamming and leakage caused by size mismatch or deformation. The annular plate is trapezoidal in shape. A protrusion is fixedly connected to the side of the shell near the annular plate, and a side plate is fixedly connected to the side of the annular plate near the tube sheet. There are two side plates, symmetrically arranged with the tube sheet as the center. The edge of the tube sheet is located inside the space formed by the two side plates and the annular plate. The elastic ring on the side plate is elastically adapted to the protrusion, filling the gap between the tube sheet and the shell connection, forming an effective seal, preventing fluid leakage between the tube side and the shell side. The elastic ring also acts as a buffer and shock absorber. To reduce the impact of vibration on the connection between the tube sheet and the shell, reduce fatigue stress, and extend the service life of the equipment, the elastic ring allows for relative displacement between the tube sheet and the shell to a certain extent, compensating for this difference in thermal expansion and preventing structural damage due to excessive thermal stress. Two elastic rings are fixedly connected to the side plate near the protrusion, symmetrically arranged around the tube sheet. The elastic rings are C-shaped, with the protrusion located inside the groove of the elastic ring. The end of the side plate away from the ring plate is beveled, and a stop is fixedly connected to the side of the ring plate. The stop and the contact side form a labyrinth-like sealing structure. By setting up the sealing components, mutual leakage between the tube and shell sides is prevented, ensuring that the two different media flow in their respective channels, guaranteeing the normal operation of the heat exchanger and the stability of the process, and preventing material loss, environmental pollution, or even safety accidents caused by media leakage.

[0010] Preferably, the tube box includes an outer shell, which is fixedly connected to the shell. A short pipe is provided in the middle of the outer shell away from the shell for feeding. A filter plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell near the shell. The cooling medium enters the interior of the outer shell through the short pipe and is filtered by the filter plate to prevent impurities from entering the tube bundle. This avoids the possibility of impurities accumulating on the inner wall of the fixed tube, causing blockage, affecting the flow of the medium, reducing the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, and in severe cases, even damaging the heat exchanger and shortening its service life. Under the flow of the cooling medium, the spiral plate drives the rotating shaft to rotate. The spiral plate cleans the outside of the filter plate to prevent the filter plate from becoming blocked. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the side of the filter plate away from the shell. A spiral plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft. There are multiple spiral plates, which are evenly distributed around the rotating shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the feed pipe includes a circular pipe, which is fixedly connected to the top of the shell and located at the interval between two tube sheets. A horizontal pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the circular pipe, penetrating vertically through the circular pipe and communicating with it. A sphere is fixedly connected inside the circular pipe, located at the connection between the circular pipe and the horizontal pipe. When the material enters the interior of the circular pipe, under the guiding action of the sphere, it enters the interior of the horizontal pipe through the guide grooves on both sides above, and then enters the interior of the circular pipe below the horizontal pipe through the filter holes on the square plate, and finally enters the interior of the shell. This prevents impurities from entering the interior of the shell and avoids impurities adhering to the fixed pipe. Over time, dirt buildup on the surface can form a layer of fouling. This layer has a high thermal resistance, which can hinder heat transfer and reduce heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, some corrosive impurities can corrode the surface of the fixed tubes, further damaging the heat exchanger. Filtration can effectively remove these impurities and protect the cleanliness of the fixed tube surface. The sphere divides the round tube and the horizontal tube into four parts. Four guide grooves are provided on the outer side of the sphere, and these four grooves are located at the connection between the round tube and the horizontal tube. The guide grooves connect the round tube and the horizontal tube. A square plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the horizontal tube, and the square plate is fixedly connected to the sphere. Filter holes are provided on the outer side of the square plate.

[0012] This invention provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical applications. It offers the following advantages:

[0013] I. This shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical applications, by employing a counter-current heat exchange method, can maintain a large temperature difference between the substance and the medium. This ensures that the high-temperature substance and the low-temperature medium can always exchange heat under a large temperature difference throughout the entire heat exchange process, thereby improving the driving force of heat transfer, making heat transfer more complete, and effectively improving the heat exchanger's heat exchange efficiency.

[0014] Second, this shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical applications uses honeycomb-shaped perforations to make the tube sheet structure more uniform and the stress more balanced. The walls between adjacent perforations support each other, forming a stable honeycomb-like structure, which can effectively improve the tube sheet's compressive strength and deformation resistance. It can withstand the pressure difference between the tube-side and shell-side fluids and external forces such as pipeline vibration, reducing the possibility of damage such as cracks and deformation in the tube sheet.

[0015] Third, this shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical applications uses the pre-tightening force generated by tightening the fixing block to ensure a tight fit between the tube sheet and the fixed tubes. At the same time, the gasket is squeezed between the trapezoidal ring and the fixing block, making it tightly fitted to the tube sheet, thus achieving a sealed and fixed connection, which facilitates the assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the fixed tubes.

[0016] IV. This shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical applications uses elastic rings and protrusions on the side plates to elastically fit together, filling the gap between the tube sheet and the shell, forming an effective seal, preventing fluid leakage between the tube side and the shell side. The elastic rings also act as buffers and shock absorbers, reducing the impact of vibration on the tube sheet and shell connection, lowering fatigue stress, and extending the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tube bundle structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the tube bundle of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed tube cross-section of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of the enlarged view at point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of the enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cross-sectional view of the pipe box of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional view of the feed pipe of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 2. Tube box; 21. Outer shell; 22. Filter plate; 23. Rotating shaft; 24. Spiral plate; 3. Discharge pipe; 4. Tube bundle; 41. Tube sheet; 42. Fixed tube; 43. Partition plate; 44. Guide plate; 45. Baffle plate; 46. Through hole; 47. Fixed block; 48. Trapezoidal ring; 49. Gasket ring; 410. Sleeve; 411. Intermediate plate; 5. Discharge pipe; 6. Feed pipe; 61. Round tube; 62. Horizontal tube; 63. Sphere; 64. Guide groove; 65. Square plate; 66. Filter hole; 7. Sealing assembly; 71. Protrusion; 72. Ring groove; 73. Ring plate; 74. Trapezoidal groove; 75. Elastic ring; 76. Bevel; 77. Stop block; 78. Side plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] First embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical use, comprising a shell 1, a tube box 2 fixedly connected to one end of the shell 1, a discharge pipe 3 fixedly connected to one end of the shell 1 away from the tube box 2, a feed pipe 6 fixedly connected to the top of the shell 1, the feed pipe 6 being located on the side of the shell 1 close to the discharge pipe 3, and a discharge pipe 5 fixedly connected to the top outer side of the shell 1, the discharge pipe 5 being located on the side of the shell 1 close to the tube box 2;

[0030] Tube bundle 4 is fixedly installed inside the housing 1;

[0031] Sealing assembly 7 is fixedly installed at the connection between housing 1 and pipe box 2 and discharge pipe 3;

[0032] The tube bundle 4 includes two tube sheets 41, located at the connection points between the shell 1, the tube box 2, and the discharge pipe 3. Fixed pipes 42 are positioned on opposite sides of the tube sheets 41. The cooling medium enters the shell 1 through the tube box 2, flows through the interior of the fixed pipes 42, and then exits through the discharge pipe 3. Simultaneously, the material to be cooled enters the shell 1 through the feed pipe 6, contacting the cooling medium inside the fixed pipes 42 to achieve efficient heat exchange. This rapidly cools the material to the temperature required for subsequent processes, ensuring smooth processing and improving the efficiency and product quality of the entire production process. Finally, the material is discharged through the discharge pipe 5. At the inlet end of the shell 1, the material temperature is highest, the medium temperature is lowest, and the temperature difference is greatest. As the material flows through the shell and the medium flows through the fixed pipes 42, the material gradually cools down while the medium gradually heats up. By employing a counter-current heat exchange method, a large temperature difference is maintained between the material and the medium, ensuring that the high-temperature material and the low-temperature medium exchange heat at a large temperature difference throughout the entire heat exchange process, thereby improving the driving force of heat transfer. The power source ensures more complete heat transfer, effectively improving the heat exchanger's efficiency. Multiple fixed tubes 42 are evenly arranged on the tube sheet 41, forming a hexagon. Baffles 43 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of each fixed tube 42. By placing the inlet ends of the substance and medium at opposite ends of the shell 1, the fluid temperature distribution inside the tubes becomes relatively uniform, reducing thermal stress caused by drastic temperature changes. This helps extend the heat exchanger's service life and reduces damage due to thermal fatigue. To ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment, a baffle plate 45 is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed tube 42. A partition plate 43 is offset from the baffle plate 45 on the fixed tube 42. Both the baffle plate 45 and the partition plate 43 are inclined. The material enters the interior of the shell 1 through the feed pipe 6, and then flows in the gap between the baffle plate 45 and the partition plate 43 inside the shell 1, dividing the shell side into multiple flow channels, increasing the material flow rate in the shell side, improving the heat transfer coefficient, reducing the short-circuiting phenomenon of the material in the shell side, and making the material flow more evenly through the outside of the fixed tube 42, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0033] A guide plate 44 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed tube 42 near the feed tube 6. The guide plate 44 is connected to the fixed tubes 42 on both sides of the hexagon. A through hole 46 is opened on the outer side of the tube sheet 41 near the fixed tube 42. The fixed tube 42 is located inside the through hole 46. The through holes 46 are distributed in a honeycomb pattern. The honeycomb distribution of the through holes 46 makes the structure of the tube sheet 41 more uniform and the stress more balanced. The walls between adjacent through holes 46 support each other, forming a stable structure similar to a honeycomb. This can effectively improve the compressive strength and deformation resistance of the tube sheet, and can withstand the pressure difference between the tube side and the shell side fluid, as well as the external forces such as pipe vibration, reducing the occurrence of cracks in the tube sheet 41. The honeycomb-shaped distribution of through holes 46 helps to achieve uniform distribution of the fluid in the tubes. When the fluid enters the fixed tube 42 from the through holes on the tube sheet 41, the honeycomb distribution makes the fluid flow more uniform across the cross-section of the tube sheet 41, avoiding situations where the local flow rate is too high or too low, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the entire heat exchanger and making the heat exchange process more complete and stable. There are multiple through holes 46, which are evenly distributed on the tube sheet 41. A sleeve 410 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole 46. The sleeve 410 passes through the tube sheet 41 through the through hole 46. A trapezoidal ring 48 is fixedly connected to the end of the sleeve 410. There are two trapezoidal rings 48, symmetrically arranged around the sleeve 410. The outer ends of the fixed tube 42 are provided with threaded grooves, and a fixing block 47 is provided at the end of the fixed tube 42. The fixing block 47 is threadedly connected to the fixed tube 42 through the threaded groove. The fixed tube 42 passes through the through hole 46 into the tube sheet 41. Then, by tightening the fixing block 47, the tube sheet 41 and the fixed tube 42 are tightly fitted together. Simultaneously, the gasket 49, squeezed between the trapezoidal rings 48 and the fixing block 47, is also tightly fitted to the tube sheet 41, achieving a seal and fixed connection. This facilitates the assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the fixed tube 42, and allows for inspection of the heat exchanger's internal components. When inspecting, cleaning, or replacing components, the fixing block 47 can be easily loosened to separate the components. The fixing tube 42 passes through the tube sheet 41. The fixing block 47 is located on the side of the tube sheet 41 away from the fixing tube 42. The side of the fixing block 47 near the trapezoidal ring 48 is inclined. A washer ring 49 is provided on the side of the trapezoidal ring 48 near the tube sheet 41. The washer ring 49 is elastic and is located in the gap between the trapezoidal ring 48 and the tube sheet 41. An intermediate plate 411 is fixedly connected inside the fixing tube 42. By setting the intermediate plate 411 inside the fixing tube 42, the single tube channel of the fixing tube 42 is divided into two parallel sub-channels, which increases the fluid velocity and promotes turbulence.

[0034] The second embodiment is based on the first embodiment; please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 7 to 8As shown, the sealing assembly 7 includes an annular plate 73. An annular groove 72 is formed in the middle of the side of the tube plate 41. The annular plate 73 is snap-fitted to the tube plate 41 through the annular groove 72. A trapezoidal groove 74 is formed on the outer side of the annular plate 73 away from the tube plate 41. Due to factors such as temperature and pressure, the annular plate 73 and the side plate 78 may deform. The presence of the annular groove 72 provides a certain space, allowing for slight displacement and deformation between components, serving as a transition and enabling them to fit better. This avoids problems such as jamming and leakage caused by dimensional mismatch or deformation. The housing 1 is trapezoidal in shape. A protrusion 71 is fixedly connected to the side of the housing 1 near the annular plate 73. A side plate 78 is fixedly connected to the side of the annular plate 73 near the tube sheet 41. There are two side plates 78, which are symmetrically arranged with the tube sheet 41 as the center. The edge of the tube sheet 41 is located inside the space formed by the two side plates 78 and the annular plate 73. The elastic ring 75 on the side plate 78 is elastically fitted with the protrusion 71, which can fill the gap between the tube sheet 41 and the housing 1, forming an effective seal and preventing fluid leakage between the tube side and the shell side. The elastic ring 75 can play a role in... The elastic ring 75 serves to buffer and dampen vibrations, reducing the impact of vibrations on the connection between the tube sheet 41 and the shell 1, lowering fatigue stress, and extending the service life of the equipment. Because the fluid temperatures in the tube side and shell side differ, there is a difference in the degree of thermal expansion between the tube sheet 41 and the shell 1. The elastic ring 75 allows for relative displacement between the tube sheet 41 and the shell 1 to a certain extent, compensating for this difference in thermal expansion and preventing damage to the equipment structure due to excessive thermal stress. Two elastic rings 75 are fixedly connected to the side plate 78 near the protrusion 71. The two elastic rings 75 are connected to the tube sheet 41. Plate 41 is centrally symmetrically arranged, elastic ring 75 is a C-shaped ring, protrusion 71 is located inside the groove of elastic ring 75, the end of side plate 78 away from ring plate 73 is set as bevel 76, and a stop 77 is fixedly connected to the side of ring plate 73. The stop 77 and the contact side form a labyrinth-like sealing structure. By setting the sealing component 7, the fluid in the tube side and shell side is prevented from seeping into each other, ensuring that the two different media flow in their respective channels, ensuring the normal operation of the heat exchanger and the stability of the process, and preventing material loss, environmental pollution or even safety accidents caused by media leakage.

[0035] The third embodiment is based on embodiments one and two; please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 9 to 10As shown, the tube box 2 includes an outer shell 21, which is fixedly connected to the shell 1. A short pipe is provided in the middle of the outer shell 21 away from the shell 1 for feeding. A filter plate 22 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell 21 near the shell 1. The cooling medium enters the interior of the outer shell 21 through the short pipe and is filtered by the filter plate 22 to prevent impurities from entering the interior of the tube bundle 4. This avoids the possibility of impurities accumulating on the inner wall of the fixed tube 42, which could cause blockage of the fixed tube 42, affect the flow of the medium, reduce the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, and in severe cases, even damage the heat exchanger and shorten its service life. Under the flow of the cooling medium, the spiral plate 24 drives the rotating shaft 23 to rotate. The spiral plate 24 cleans the outer side of the filter plate 22 to prevent the filter plate 22 from becoming blocked. The side of the filter plate 22 away from the shell 1 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 23. The outer side of the rotating shaft 23 is fixedly connected to the spiral plate 24. There are multiple spiral plates 24, which are evenly distributed around the rotating shaft 23.

[0036] The feed pipe 6 includes a circular pipe 61, which is fixedly connected to the top of the shell 1. The circular pipe 61 is located at the interval between two tube sheets 41. A horizontal pipe 62 is fixedly connected to the outside of the circular pipe 61, and the horizontal pipe 62 penetrates the circular pipe 61 vertically and communicates with the circular pipe 61. A sphere 63 is fixedly connected inside the circular pipe 61, located at the communication point between the circular pipe 61 and the horizontal pipe 62. When the material enters the interior of the circular pipe 61, under the guidance of the sphere 63, the material enters the interior of the horizontal pipe 62 through the guide grooves 64 on both sides above, and then enters the interior of the circular pipe 61 below the horizontal pipe 62 through the filter holes 66 on the square plate 65, and then enters the interior of the shell 1 below the horizontal pipe 62 through the guide groove 64 below the horizontal pipe 62. This prevents impurities from entering the interior of the shell 1 and avoids impurity adhesion. Over time, a fouling layer will form on the surface of the fixed tube 42. The fouling layer has a large thermal resistance, which will hinder heat transfer and reduce the heat exchange effect. In addition, some corrosive impurities may also corrode the surface of the fixed tube 42, further damaging the heat exchanger. Filtration can effectively remove these impurities and protect the cleanliness of the surface of the fixed tube 42. The sphere 63 divides the circular tube 61 and the horizontal tube 62 into four parts. The outer side of the sphere 63 is provided with a guide groove 64. There are four guide grooves 64, which are set at the connection between the circular tube 61 and the horizontal tube 62. The guide grooves 64 connect the circular tube 61 and the horizontal tube 62. A square plate 65 is fixedly connected to the middle of the horizontal tube 62. The square plate 65 is fixedly connected to the sphere 63. The outer side of the square plate 65 is provided with filter holes 66.

[0037] In use, the cooling medium enters the interior of the outer shell 21 through the short pipe, is filtered by the filter plate 22, and then enters the shell 1 through the tube box 2, flows through the interior of the fixed tube 42, and is then discharged through the discharge pipe 3. At the same time, the material enters the interior of the round tube 61. Under the guidance of the sphere 63, the material enters the interior of the horizontal tube 62 through the guide grooves 64 on both sides above, and then enters the interior of the round tube 61 below the horizontal tube 62 through the filter holes 66 on the square plate 65, and then enters the interior of the shell 1 through the guide groove 64 below the horizontal tube 62, and then enters the interior of the shell 1, where it comes into contact with the cooling medium inside the fixed tube 42 to achieve efficient heat exchange.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0039] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical applications, characterized in that, include: The shell (1) has a pipe box (2) fixedly connected to one end, a discharge pipe (3) fixedly connected to one end of the shell (1) away from the pipe box (2), a feed pipe (6) fixedly connected to the top of the shell (1), the feed pipe (6) being located on the side of the shell (1) close to the discharge pipe (3), and a discharge pipe (5) fixedly connected to the top of the outer side of the shell (1), the discharge pipe (5) being located on the side of the shell (1) close to the pipe box (2). Tube bundle (4), the tube bundle (4) is fixedly installed inside the housing (1); A sealing assembly (7) is fixedly installed at the connection between the housing (1) and the pipe box (2) and the discharge pipe (3); The tube bundle (4) includes a tube sheet (41), and there are two tube sheets (41). The two tube sheets (41) are located at the connection between the shell (1) and the tube box (2) and the discharge pipe (3). Fixed tubes (42) are provided on opposite sides of the tube sheets (41). There are multiple fixed tubes (42). The multiple fixed tubes (42) are evenly arranged on the tube sheet (41), and the multiple fixed tubes (42) form a hexagon. A partition (43) is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed tube (42). A folding plate (45) is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed tube (42). The partition (43) and the folding plate (45) are staggered on the fixed tube (42). The tube sheet (41) has through holes (46) on the outer side near the fixed tube (42). There are multiple through holes (46), which are evenly distributed on the tube sheet (41). A sleeve (410) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole (46). The sleeve (410) passes through the tube sheet (41) through the through hole (46). A trapezoidal ring (48) is fixedly connected to the end of the sleeve (410). There are two trapezoidal rings (48), which are symmetrically arranged with the sleeve (410) as the center. The outer sides of both ends of the fixed tube (42) are provided with threaded grooves, and the end of the fixed tube (42) is provided with a fixing block (47). The fixing block (47) is threadedly connected to the fixed tube (42) through the threaded groove. The fixed tube (42) passes through the tube sheet (41). The fixing block (47) is located on the side of the tube sheet (41) away from the fixing tube (42). The side of the fixing block (47) near the trapezoidal ring (48) is inclined. A washer (49) is provided on the side of the trapezoidal ring (48) near the tube sheet (41). The washer (49) is located at the interval between the trapezoidal ring (48) and the tube sheet (41). An intermediate plate (411) is fixedly connected inside the fixing tube (42). The sealing assembly (7) includes an annular plate (73), and an annular groove (72) is provided in the middle of the side of the tube plate (41). The annular plate (73) is snapped to the tube plate (41) through the annular groove (72). A trapezoidal groove (74) is provided on the outer side of the annular plate (73) away from the tube plate (41). The annular plate (73) is trapezoidal. A protrusion (71) is fixedly connected to the side of the housing (1) near the annular plate (73). A side plate (78) is fixedly connected to the side of the annular plate (73) near the tube plate (41). There are two side plates (78). The two side plates (78) are symmetrically arranged with the tube plate (41) as the center. The edge of the tube plate (41) is located inside the space formed by the two side plates (78) and the ring plate (73). An elastic ring (75) is fixedly connected to the side of the side plate (78) near the protrusion (71). There are two elastic rings (75). The two elastic rings (75) are symmetrically arranged with the tube plate (41) as the center. The elastic ring (75) is a C-shaped ring. The protrusion (71) is located inside the groove of the elastic ring (75). The end of the side plate (78) away from the ring plate (73) is set as a bevel (76). A stop block (77) is fixedly connected to the side of the ring plate (73). The feed pipe (6) includes a round pipe (61), which is fixedly connected to the top of the shell (1). The round pipe (61) is located at the interval between two tube plates (41). A horizontal pipe (62) is fixedly connected to the outside of the round pipe (61). The horizontal pipe (62) penetrates the round pipe (61) vertically and communicates with the round pipe (61). A ball (63) is fixedly connected inside the round pipe (61). The sphere (63) is located at the junction of the circular tube (61) and the horizontal tube (62). The sphere (63) divides the circular tube (61) and the horizontal tube (62) into four parts. A guide groove (64) is provided on the outer side of the sphere (63). The guide groove (64) connects the circular tube (61) and the horizontal tube (62). A square plate (65) is fixedly connected to the middle of the horizontal tube (62). The square plate (65) is fixedly connected to the sphere (63). A filter hole (66) is provided on the outer side of the square plate (65).

2. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide plate (44) is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed tube (42) near the feed tube (6). The guide plate (44) is connected to the fixed tube (42) on both sides of the hexagon. The fixed tube (42) is located inside the through hole (46).

3. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger for petrochemical applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tube box (2) includes an outer shell (21), which is fixedly connected to the shell (1). A short tube is provided in the middle of the outer shell (21) away from the shell (1). A filter plate (22) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell (21) near the shell (1). A rotating shaft (23) is rotatably connected to the side of the filter plate (22) away from the shell (1). A spiral plate (24) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating shaft (23). There are multiple spiral plates (24), and the multiple spiral plates (24) are evenly distributed around the rotating shaft (23).

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