Electromechanical fuse security mechanism based on gravity and multiple groups of springs

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromechanical fuse security mechanism based on gravity and multi-group spring linkage, and belongs to the technical field of electromechanical fuses. Aiming at a narrow space of a cylindrical missile cabin of an unmanned aerial vehicle and a launching scene without strong environmental force, a pull ring is triggered to be separated through gravity, a U-shaped locking block spring, a baffle spring, a sliding block fixing pin spring and a sliding block spring are driven to work cooperatively, double insurance is relieved in sequence, and alignment of a booster tube and a detonating tube is achieved. The mechanism abandons the traditional dependence of recoil force and the like, is driven by the combination of the gravity of the projectile body and the spring, has the advantages of compact structure, high space utilization rate, strong environmental adaptability and the like, effectively improves the safety and damage efficiency of small unmanned aerial vehicle ammunition, and is suitable for ammunition fuze design of special mounting scenes such as coaxial unmanned aerial vehicles and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electromechanical fuze security mechanisms, in particular to an electromechanical fuze security mechanism based on gravity and multiple groups of springs. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for miniaturized and diversified drone-mounted ammunition in modern warfare, traditional fuze safety mechanisms, which rely on external environmental forces such as recoil, creeping force, and centrifugal force to arm the fuse, are no longer adaptable to the uniquely confined space within the cylindrical bomb bays of coaxial drones. During the release process, these drone-mounted ammunition cannot effectively utilize traditional environmental forces to trigger the arming of the fuse. This results in complex structures and large space requirements for existing safety mechanisms, severely restricting the optimization of explosive charge and improvement of destructive effectiveness of small ammunition. Therefore, a new safety mechanism that does not rely on traditional environmental forces and can adapt to confined spaces is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electromechanical fuze security mechanism based on the linkage of gravity and multiple groups of springs. Through gravity triggering and spring combined drive, the safety of drone-mounted ammunition can be reliably released during the delivery process, meeting the miniaturization design requirements in narrow spaces.

[0004] The technical solutions for achieving the purpose of the present invention are:

[0005] An electromechanical fuze security mechanism based on gravity and multiple sets of springs, comprising a housing and a slider security mechanism disposed within the housing; a detonating mechanism staggered in a service state is disposed between the housing and the slider security mechanism;

[0006] The housing is provided with a pin puller for inserting into a pin puller slot provided on the side of the slider security mechanism, thereby realizing a second safety function for the slider security mechanism;

[0007] The other side of the slider security mechanism is provided with a slider fixing pin, which realizes the first safety function of the slider security mechanism; a slider fixing pin spring is sleeved on the slider fixing pin, and the slider fixing pin spring has the force to separate the slider fixing pin from the slider security mechanism; a blocking portion is provided in the housing for blocking the slider fixing pin; a baffle spring is provided at the bottom of the blocking portion, which has the force to make the blocking portion move upward and separate from the slider fixing pin; a U-shaped locking block is provided at the upper end of the blocking portion, one end of the U-shaped locking block is connected to the inside of the main fuze shell through the U-shaped locking block spring, and the other end is located outside the shell, and a pull ring hole is provided at the end; the U-shaped locking block spring has the force to make the U-shaped locking block slide into the shell; a pull ring is provided on the pull ring hole to fix the position of the U-shaped locking block and can be disengaged under the action of gravity;

[0008] The shell is provided with a pressure plate, in which a slider locking pin spring and a slider locking pin are provided. The slider locking pin spring enables the slider locking pin to be pushed out along its axial direction. When the slider security mechanism is in a completely released state, the slider locking pin is inserted into the pin slot of the pin puller to lock the position of the slider security mechanism.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0010] (1) Gravity-spring coupling drive mechanism: For the first time, it was proposed to use the gravity of the projectile itself as the initial trigger force. Through the potential energy conversion and linkage control of multiple sets of springs, the full-process mechanized drive of the safety release in a narrow space was realized, breaking through the traditional fuze's dependence on external environmental forces.

[0011] (2) Double-layer redundant safety design: Through the double safety structure of pull ring-mechanical limit and pin puller-electrical signal trigger, it not only ensures the physical self-locking reliability in the service state, but also realizes the electromechanical coordination accuracy of the release process during the delivery process, meeting the high safety requirements of ammunition.

[0012] (3) Space optimization design: Through modular integration and compact layout of the spring mechanism, the internal space utilization of the fuze can be improved, and it also provides a structural basis for increasing the charge of small UAV ammunition within a limited volume, significantly enhancing the destructive power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the fuze;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional angle structure of the slider (showing the slider spring installation slot, slider locking pin slot, and detonator tube installation position structure);

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pin groove of the pin puller installed on the slider;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a top-down cross-sectional view of the fuze (showing the layout of internal components);

[0017] Figure 5 This is the cross-section of the BB fuse;

[0018] Figure 6 This is the AA cross-section of the fuze;

[0019] Figure 7 This is the cross-section of the fuze CC;

[0020] Figure 8 This is a detailed cross-sectional view of the fuze spring mechanism (showing the mechanical principle of the coordinated action of multiple springs);

[0021] Figure 9 This is a top view of the fuze (with the internal components layout of the top cover hidden);

[0022] Figure 10 This is the overall three-dimensional view of the fuze (with the top cover hidden);

[0023] Figure 11 This is a side view of the fuze (with the top cover hidden);

[0024] Figure 12 This is the top view of the fuze (with the top cover hidden);

[0025] Figure 13 This is the bottom view of the fuze (with the top cover hidden);

[0026] Figure 14 This is the rear view of the fuze;

[0027] Figure 15 This is a top view of the fuze in working condition (the internal components layout of the top cover is hidden);

[0028] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional view of the fuze in working condition without the top cover;

[0029] Figure 17 This is the rear view of the fuze in working condition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Combine Figure 1-Figure 7 The present invention discloses an electromechanical fuze security mechanism based on gravity and multiple groups of springs, whose mechanical structure mainly includes: a fuze top cover 1, a pressure plate screw 2, a pin puller 3, a main fuze shell 4, an auxiliary fuze shell 5, a fuze shell fixing screw 6, a fuze top cover connecting screw 7, a pressure plate 8, a slider locking pin spring 9, a slider locking pin 10, a slider 11, a detonating tube 12, a slider fixing pin 13, a baffle spring 14, a slider fixing pin spring 15, a block 16, a baffle 17, a U-shaped locking block 18, a U-shaped locking block spring 19, a baffle groove 20, a fuze top cover screw hole 21, a pressure plate screw hole 22, a detonating tube 23, a slider spring 24, a slider spring mounting groove 25, a slider locking pin groove 26, a pin puller pin groove 27, a slider groove 28, a pressure plate groove 29, a baffle mounting groove 30, a pull ring hole 31, and a pull ring 32.

[0032] A slider groove 28 is provided in the main fuze housing 4; the slider 11 is located in the slider groove 28 and can slide along the slider groove 28. A detonating tube 12 is provided at the bottom of the main fuze housing 4, and a detonating tube 23 is provided on the slider 11; a slider spring mounting groove 25 is provided at one end of the slider 11 for mounting a slider spring 24, and the slider spring 24 is supported between the slider 11 and the main fuze housing 4, and has the potential energy to make the slider 11 slide from one end of the slider groove 28 to the other end; when the slider 11 is located at one end of the slider groove 28, the detonating tube 23 is staggered with the detonating tube 12, and the slider 1 1 is located at the other end of the slider groove 28, the detonating tube 23 is aligned with the detonating tube 12; four fuze top cover screw holes 21 are provided in the main fuze housing 4, and the fuze top cover 1 is connected to the fuze top cover screw holes 21 by the fuze top cover connecting screws 7, so as to fix the fuze top cover 1 to the main fuze housing 4; a pressure plate groove 29 is provided in the main fuze housing 4, and the pressure plate 8 is arranged in the pressure plate groove 29 and contacts the slider groove 28. Specifically, two pressure plate screw holes 22 are provided on the pressure plate 8, and the fuze top cover 1 is fixed to the pressure plate screw holes 22 on the pressure plate 8 by the pressure plate screws 2.

[0033] The slider 11 is provided with a pin puller pin groove 27 on a side surface perpendicular to the sliding direction, and the pin puller 3 is an electric pin puller, which is screwed into and fixed in the pin puller pin groove 27 from the side of the main fuze housing 4; the slider 11 is provided with a slider locking pin groove 26 on the other side surface perpendicular to the sliding direction, which is used to embed the slider fixing pin 13; the pressure plate 8 is provided with a slider locking pin spring 9 and a slider locking pin 10, and the slider locking pin spring 9 is sleeved on the slider locking pin 10 so that the slider locking pin 10 can be pushed out along its axial direction. The axial direction of the slider locking pin 10 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the slider 11. When the slider 11 is located at one end of the slider groove 28, the slider locking pin 10 is compressed in the pressure plate 8 by the side of the slider 11. When the slider 11 is located at the other end of the slider groove 28, the slider locking pin 10 is pushed out and extends into the pin puller pin groove 27.

[0034] The slider fixing pin spring 15 is sleeved over the slider fixing pin 13, with one end in contact with the fixing pin 13 and the other end in contact with the main fuze housing 4. The slider fixing pin 13 is in a compressed state, and is embedded in the slider locking pin slot 26 in the slider 11, with its end being held in place by the stopper 16. The fixing pin 13 is axially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the slider 11.

[0035] The baffle 17 and the stopper 16 are integrated into a blocking portion. One end of the blocking portion (block 16) presses against the slider fixing pin 13, while the other end (baffle 17) is held against the baffle mounting groove 30. The main fuze housing 4 is provided with a baffle mounting groove 30. The baffle 17 serves as a guide plate for the blocking portion and is located within the baffle mounting groove 30, so that the blocking portion can only move up and down along the baffle mounting groove 30. Two baffle springs 14 are provided at the lower end of the blocking portion.

[0036] The auxiliary fuze shell 5 is fixed to the side end of the main fuze shell 4 by two fuze shell fixing screws 6 to form the fuze body; a baffle groove 20 is provided inside the auxiliary fuze shell 5; a U-shaped locking block 18 is located in the baffle groove 20 (such as Figure 9 shown);

[0037] One end of the U-shaped locking block 18 is connected to the inside of the main fuze shell 4 through the U-shaped locking block spring 19, and is located at the upper end of the baffle 17, and the other end is located outside the main fuze shell 4; the pull ring 32 passes through the pull ring hole 31 to fix the U-shaped locking block 18, and the pull ring hole 31 is located at the end of the U-shaped locking block 18, outside the fuze shell.

[0038] Specific working process:

[0039] Service status: Combined Figure 4-Figure 6 and Figures 8-13 Pull ring 32 passes through pull ring hole 31, ensuring that the U-shaped locking block 18, U-shaped locking block spring 19, and baffle slot 20 components do not move under the action of U-shaped locking block spring 19. At this point, one end of U-shaped locking block 18 and baffle 17 are in the same vertical position. The U-shaped locking block 18 contacts the fuze top cover 1, generating pressure to overcome the elastic force generated by the two compressed baffle springs 14. This ensures that the block 16, which is the same component as baffle 17, can work with the auxiliary fuze housing 5 to compress the entire slider retaining pin spring 15 and slider retaining pin 13. This ensures that the slider retaining pin 13 is located in the slider locking pin slot 26 in the service state, thus ensuring that the slider 11 is always fixed. At this point, the slider locking pin 10 is squeezed by the slider 11 through the slider locking pin spring 9 and remains in a compressed state. The detonator tube 12 and the detonator tube 23 are in an offset position, thus achieving a mechanical safety in the service state.

[0040] Working status: combined Figure 14-16When the drone is dropping a bomb, the projectile falls downward under the force of gravity. The pull ring 32 attached to the end of the U-shaped locking block 18 on the drone displaces in the opposite direction of the projectile due to gravity. As the projectile is released, the pull ring 32 disengages from the U-shaped locking block 18. Without the pull ring 32's restraint on the U-shaped locking block 18, the stretched U-shaped locking block spring 19 retracts, pulling the U-shaped locking block 18 inward. This displacement causes the U-shaped locking block 18 to lose its restraining effect on the baffle 17. Under the action of the baffle spring 14, the baffle 17 and the block 16 move upward along the baffle mounting slot 30, separating from the slider pin 13. As the block 16 moves upward, the slider pin 13 loses its restraining effect on the slider pin spring 15. The compressed slider pin spring 15 then acts in the opposite direction, causing the slider pin 13 to move outward and disengage from the slider locking pin slot 26. This releases the first safety. After receiving the release signal, the pin puller 3's internal retaining rod disengages from the pin puller's slot 27, disengaging the second safety. After the slider's retaining pin 13 and the pin puller's internal retaining pin disengage from the slider's locking slot 26 and the pin puller's slot 27, the slider spring 24 in the slider spring mounting slot 25 is released from its compressed state. Under the action of the slider spring 24, the slider 11 begins to move to the other end of the slider slot 28. When the pin puller's slot 27 aligns with the slider's locking pin 10, the compressed slider locking pin spring 9 is released, and the slider locking pin 10 inserts into the pin puller's slot 27, locking the slider 11 in place and aligning the detonator tube 12 with the detonator tube 23. At this point, the ammunition fuze is fully released.

Claims

1. An electromechanical fuze security mechanism based on gravity and multiple sets of springs, comprising a housing and a slider security mechanism disposed within the housing; a detonation mechanism staggered in service is disposed between the housing and the slider security mechanism; and characterized in that: The housing is provided with a pin puller for inserting into a pin puller slot provided on the side of the slider security mechanism, thereby realizing a second safety function for the slider security mechanism; The other side of the slider security mechanism is provided with a slider fixing pin, which realizes the first safety function of the slider security mechanism; a slider fixing pin spring is sleeved on the slider fixing pin, and the slider fixing pin spring has the force to separate the slider fixing pin from the slider security mechanism; a blocking portion is provided in the housing for blocking the slider fixing pin; a baffle spring is provided at the bottom of the blocking portion, which has the force to make the blocking portion move upward and separate from the slider fixing pin; a U-shaped locking block is provided at the upper end of the blocking portion, one end of the U-shaped locking block is connected to the inside of the main fuze shell through the U-shaped locking block spring, and the other end is located outside the shell, and a pull ring hole is provided at the end; the U-shaped locking block spring has the force to make the U-shaped locking block slide into the shell; a pull ring is provided on the pull ring hole to fix the position of the U-shaped locking block and can be disengaged under the action of gravity; The shell is provided with a pressure plate, in which a slider locking pin spring and a slider locking pin are provided. The slider locking pin spring enables the slider locking pin to be pushed out along its axial direction. When the slider security mechanism is in a completely released state, the slider locking pin is inserted into the pin slot of the pin puller to lock the position of the slider security mechanism.

2. The electromechanical fuze security mechanism based on gravity and multiple sets of springs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slider security mechanism includes a slider and a slider spring; a slider groove is provided in the housing, and the slider is located in the slider groove and can slide along the slider groove; a slider spring mounting groove is provided at one end of the slider for mounting the slider spring, and the slider spring is supported between the slider and the housing and has the potential energy to make the slider slide from one end of the slider groove to the other end.

3. The electromechanical fuze security mechanism based on gravity and multiple sets of springs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detonating mechanism includes a detonating tube arranged at the bottom of the shell and a detonating tube arranged on the slider. When the slider is located at one end of the slider groove, the detonating tube and the detonating tube are staggered. When the slider is located at the other end of the slider groove, the detonating tube and the detonating tube are aligned.

4. The electromechanical fuze security mechanism based on gravity and multiple sets of springs according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle groove is provided in the shell; the blocking portion includes a baffle and a baffle block of an integrated structure; the baffle block and a fixing pin that presses the slider; the baffle is supported by the baffle mounting groove and can only move up and down along the baffle mounting groove.

5. The electromechanical fuze security mechanism based on gravity and multiple sets of springs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes a main fuze shell, an auxiliary fuze shell and a fuze top cover; the fuze top cover is fixed to the upper end of the main fuze shell; the auxiliary fuze shell is fixed to the side end of the main fuze shell.

6. The electromechanical fuze security mechanism based on gravity and multiple sets of springs according to claim 5, characterized in that: A baffle groove is provided inside the auxiliary fuze shell, and the U-shaped locking block is located in the baffle groove.

7. The electromechanical fuze security mechanism based on gravity and multiple sets of springs according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure plate is provided with two pressure plate screw holes, and the fuze top cover is fixed to the pressure plate screw holes on the pressure plate through the pressure plate screws.

8. The electromechanical fuze security mechanism based on gravity and multiple sets of springs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin puller is an electric pin puller.

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