A method, system and device for online monitoring of bridge structure deformation
By installing GPS receivers on both sides of the bridge, the symmetry and cross-correlation of the bridge structure are used to reconstruct the lateral and vertical displacement signals, the problem of confusion between stroke load and vehicle load in the prior art is solved, and high accuracy of bridge deformation monitoring is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510947855.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2045-07-10
AI Technical Summary
The existing bridge deformation monitoring method based on GPS measurement technology cannot effectively distinguish between external wind loads and short-term bridge displacement caused by vehicle loads, resulting in reduced monitoring accuracy.
By installing GPS receivers on both sides of the bridge, the symmetry and cross-correlation of the bridge structure are used to reconstruct the lateral and vertical displacement signals respectively, identify and remove signal components caused by wind loads and vehicle loads, and obtain the true deformation of the bridge.
It improves the accuracy of bridge structure deformation monitoring, effectively removes the impact of short-term bridge displacement caused by external wind loads and vehicle loads, and ensures the accuracy of monitoring results.
Smart Images
Figure CN120445024B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bridge deformation monitoring, and in particular to an online monitoring method, system and equipment for bridge structure deformation. Background Art
[0002] Bridge deformation monitoring is an important part of its structural health monitoring. It reflects its structural safety characteristics such as bearing capacity, stiffness and integrity, and affects the comfort and safety of pedestrians and vehicles. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately monitor the degree of deformation that occurs in the long-term use of the bridge and to maintain the bridge structure in a timely manner.
[0003] Among contact-based bridge deformation monitoring methods, the monitoring method based on GPS measurement technology is used for long-term online monitoring of bridge deformation due to its advantages such as high precision, full automation, and all-weather operation. However, this method ignores short-term bridge displacements caused by bridge vibrations due to external wind loads and vehicle loads in the bridge. These short-term bridge displacements will be captured by GPS receivers and superimposed on the actual bridge deformation monitoring data, causing these short-term bridge displacements caused by external factors such as wind and vehicle loads to be mistaken for structural deformation of the bridge, thereby reducing the accuracy of bridge structural deformation monitoring. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an online monitoring method for bridge structure deformation, the method comprising the following steps:
[0005] Install GPS receivers on both sides of the bridge deck to be tested along the driving direction to obtain the lateral displacement signal, longitudinal displacement signal and vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver;
[0006] GPS receivers that are mirror-symmetrical to each other are referred to as symmetrical receivers, all modal components of the lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver are referred to as lateral components, and among all the lateral components of the symmetrical receiver of each GPS receiver, the lateral component with the smallest center frequency difference from each lateral component of each GPS receiver is referred to as the reference component of each lateral component, the similarity of the frequency spectrum between each lateral component and its reference component is analyzed, and the lateral eigenvalue of each lateral component in each GPS receiver is determined to obtain a reconstructed lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver;
[0007] All modal components of the vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver are recorded as vertical components. By analyzing the difference in center frequency between each vertical component in each GPS receiver and all vertical components in preset adjacent GPS receivers on the same side of the bridge deck to be measured, all reference components of each vertical component are obtained. By analyzing the cross-correlation between each vertical component and all its reference components, the correlation index and correlation time of each vertical component are obtained. By analyzing the correlation time fitting results of all vertical components and combining them with the correlation index, the vertical eigenvalue of each vertical component in each GPS receiver is determined to obtain a reconstructed vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver.
[0008] The extreme value distributions of the reconstructed lateral displacement signal, the longitudinal displacement signal, and the reconstructed vertical displacement signal are analyzed respectively to determine the deformation monitoring result of the bridge deck to be tested.
[0009] Preferably, the transverse eigenvalue of each transverse component in each GPS receiver is the cosine similarity of the frequency spectrum between each transverse component in each GPS receiver and its reference component.
[0010] Preferably, the method for acquiring the reconstructed lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver is:
[0011] The lateral eigenvalues of all lateral components of all GPS receivers are used as input of the threshold segmentation algorithm, and the segmentation threshold is output. In each GPS receiver, all lateral components with lateral eigenvalues less than the segmentation threshold are reconstructed to obtain a reconstructed lateral displacement signal.
[0012] Preferably, the obtaining of all reference components of the vertical components includes:
[0013] Among all vertical components of preset neighboring GPS receivers on the same side of the bridge deck to be measured as the i-th GPS receiver, the vertical component with the smallest center frequency difference with the vertical component j in the i-th GPS receiver is used as the reference component of the vertical component j in the i-th GPS receiver. All neighboring GPS receivers are traversed to obtain all reference components of the vertical component j in the i-th GPS receiver. All vertical components in all GPS receivers are traversed to obtain the reference components of each vertical component in each GPS.
[0014] Preferably, obtaining the relevant index and relevant time of each vertical component includes:
[0015] All GPS receivers on the same side of the bridge deck to be tested are numbered according to the driving direction. Each vertical component in each GPS receiver and all its reference components are sorted according to the number of the GPS receiver to which they belong. The cross-correlation function between each vertical component and its next adjacent reference component is calculated. The maximum value of the cross-correlation function and the corresponding time delay are used as the correlation index and correlation time of each vertical component in each GPS receiver.
[0016] Preferably, the method for determining the vertical characteristic value of each vertical component in each GPS receiver is:
[0017] The number and related time corresponding to any reference vector of each vertical component of each GPS receiver are combined into a two-tuple. All the two-tuples of the reference vectors of each vertical component of each GPS are fitted. The slope of the fitted line is forward fused with the correlation index of each vertical eigenvector in the corresponding GPS receiver to obtain the vertical eigenvalue of each vertical component in each GPS receiver.
[0018] Preferably, the method for acquiring the reconstructed vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver is:
[0019] The vertical eigenvalues of all vertical components of all GPS receivers are used as the input of the threshold segmentation algorithm, and the segmentation threshold is output, which is recorded as the vertical threshold. All vertical components with vertical eigenvalues less than the vertical threshold in all vertical components of each GPS receiver are reconstructed to obtain the reconstructed vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver.
[0020] Preferably, the method for determining the deformation monitoring result of the bridge deck of the bridge to be tested is:
[0021] The range of the reconstructed lateral displacement signal, the range of the longitudinal displacement signal, and the range of the reconstructed vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver are respectively used as the lateral deformation, longitudinal deformation, and vertical deformation of the bridge deck where each GPS receiver is located.
[0022] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an online monitoring system for bridge structure deformation, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of any one of the above-mentioned methods for online monitoring of bridge structure deformation.
[0023] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an online monitoring device for bridge structure deformation, wherein a computer program is stored in the device, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, an online monitoring method for bridge structure deformation as described in any one of the above items is implemented.
[0024] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the online monitoring method for bridge structure deformation provided by the embodiments of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0025] The present application utilizes the symmetry of the bridge structure. By comparing the lateral displacement signals of GPS receivers at symmetrical positions, the lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver is reconstructed separately, which can effectively remove all lateral displacement signal components caused by wind load in the lateral displacement signal, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the lateral deformation of the bridge deck position; further, the present application utilizes the vertical displacement signals of GPS receivers at different positions on the same side of the bridge, and reconstructs the vertical displacement signals by analyzing the cross-correlation and time delay characteristics between the signals. It can effectively remove all vertical components caused by vehicle load in the vertical displacement signal, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the vertical deformation of the bridge deck position; further, the present application obtains the online monitoring results of the deformation of the bridge structure to be measured based on the reconstructed lateral displacement signals and vertical displacement signals, which can effectively remove short-term bridge displacement caused by bridge vibration caused by external wind load and vehicle load, thereby avoiding the situation where short-term bridge displacement is mistaken for bridge structure deformation, thereby improving the accuracy of bridge structure deformation monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.
[0027] Figure 1 A flowchart of the steps of an online monitoring method for bridge structure deformation provided in one embodiment of the present application;
[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the process of obtaining a reconstructed vertical displacement signal provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] To further illustrate the technical means and effectiveness of this application to achieve the intended invention objectives, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effectiveness of the online monitoring method, system, and device for bridge structure deformation proposed in this application. In the following description, different references to "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.
[0030] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
[0031] The following describes in detail the specific solutions of the online monitoring method, system and equipment for bridge structure deformation provided by the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0032] See also Figure 1 , which shows a flowchart of a method for online monitoring of bridge structure deformation provided by an embodiment of the present application, the method comprising the following steps:
[0033] S1: Install GPS receivers on both sides of the bridge deck to be tested along the driving direction to obtain the lateral displacement signal, longitudinal displacement signal and vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver.
[0034] Multiple GPS receivers are installed at equal intervals along the driving direction on both sides of the bridge deck to be tested. The positions of the GPS receivers on both sides are symmetrical. The coordinates of the bridge deck positions where the GPS receivers are located are obtained in real time through the radio wave signals received by the GPS receivers. Furthermore, all GPS receivers on each side of the bridge deck to be tested are numbered in the order of the vehicle's driving direction.
[0035] All geographic location coordinates collected by each GPS receiver are converted into the three-dimensional coordinate system of each GPS receiver. Specifically: each GPS receiver is used as the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the upward direction perpendicular to the bridge deck to be measured is the positive direction of the vertical axis, the direction perpendicular to the vertical axis and parallel to the driving direction of the bridge deck to be measured is the horizontal axis, and the vertical axis is determined by the right-hand rule. The geographic location coordinates of each GPS receiver at the bridge deck to be measured are mapped in the three-dimensional coordinate system. The horizontal coordinate value on the X axis, the vertical coordinate value on the Y axis, and the vertical coordinate value on the Z axis in the three-dimensional coordinates of each GPS receiver at all times within a preset time period before the current moment are respectively used to form the lateral displacement signal, longitudinal displacement signal and vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver at the current moment.
[0036] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the number of GPS receivers is 20, and the sampling frequency and preset duration of the GPS receivers are set to 20 Hz and 1 minute respectively. The implementer can also set them according to the specific situation, and this embodiment does not impose any special restrictions.
[0037] The process of converting geographic coordinates into a three-dimensional coordinate system and the right-hand rule are both well-known technologies, and the specific principles will not be described in detail.
[0038] S2: GPS receivers that are mirror-symmetric to each other are referred to as symmetric receivers. All modal components of the lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver are referred to as lateral components. Among all the lateral components of the symmetric receiver of each GPS receiver, the lateral component with the smallest center frequency difference from the lateral components of each GPS receiver is referred to as the reference component of each lateral component. The similarity of the frequency spectra between each lateral component and its reference component is analyzed to determine the lateral eigenvalue of each lateral component in each GPS receiver to obtain the reconstructed lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver.
[0039] When wind loads act on structures such as abutments, cables, and bridge decks, they can cause large lateral displacements of the entire bridge. The structure of a bridge is usually symmetrical along its longitudinal direction, so that the same lateral and symmetrical bridge deck positions in the bridge have almost identical structural stiffness and mass distributions. Therefore, when these bridge deck positions at the same lateral position and symmetrical positions experience lateral displacements caused by wind loads, the frequency distributions of the lateral position change components caused by wind loads in the lateral displacement data of these bridge deck positions tend to be relatively close, that is, the frequency distributions of the signal components caused by wind loads in the lateral displacement signals of these bridge deck positions tend to be relatively close. This is because the dynamic characteristics of the structure, such as the natural frequency, are largely affected by the stiffness and mass distribution. Similar stiffness and mass distributions make the frequency characteristics of the responses of these positions under wind load excitation similar, and the frequency distributions of the lateral displacement change components caused by them are similar.
[0040] Based on the above analysis, this embodiment denotes mutually mirror-symmetric GPS receivers as symmetric receivers, denotes all modal components of the lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver as lateral components, and denotes the lateral component with the smallest center frequency difference between the lateral components of the symmetric receiver of each GPS receiver as the reference component of each lateral component. The similarity between the frequency spectra of each lateral component and its reference component is analyzed, and the lateral eigenvalue of each lateral component in each GPS receiver is determined to obtain a reconstructed lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver, thereby determining whether the bridge has deformed in the driving direction. The specific process is as follows:
[0041] (1) The GPS receivers that are mirror-symmetrical to each other are referred to as symmetric receivers, and all modal components of the lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver are referred to as lateral components.
[0042] It should be noted that the specific process of obtaining the lateral component is: using the lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver as the input of the modal decomposition algorithm, and outputting all modal components. In this embodiment, the modal decomposition algorithm adopts the variational modal decomposition algorithm (VDM). In actual application, as other implementation methods, the implementer may also adopt other modal decomposition algorithms such as empirical mode decomposition. This embodiment does not impose any special restrictions. Among them, the number of modal components is set to 7 in this embodiment, and the implementer may also set it according to the specific situation. This embodiment does not impose any special restrictions.
[0043] Among them, the variational mode decomposition algorithm is a well-known technology, and its specific principle will not be repeated here.
[0044] It is additionally noted that in this embodiment, all modal decompositions involving modal decomposition use a variational modal decomposition algorithm.
[0045] (2) Furthermore, in this embodiment, among all the transverse components of the symmetrical receiver of each GPS receiver, the transverse component having the smallest center frequency difference with the transverse components of each GPS receiver is recorded as the reference component of each transverse component.
[0046] It should be noted that the method for calculating the difference in this embodiment adopts the method of taking the absolute value of the difference. In actual application, as other implementation methods, the implementer may also adopt other methods of measuring the difference between data, such as the square or ratio of the difference, based on the specific situation. This embodiment does not impose any special restrictions.
[0047] It is additionally noted that, in this embodiment, whenever differences are calculated, the absolute value of the difference is used.
[0048] (3) Furthermore, this embodiment determines the lateral eigenvalue of each lateral component in each GPS receiver by analyzing the similarity between the spectrum of each lateral component and its reference component, so as to obtain the reconstructed lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver, specifically:
[0049] The cosine similarity of the spectrum diagram between each lateral component in each GPS receiver and its reference component is used as the lateral eigenvalue of each lateral component in each GPS receiver to evaluate whether the lateral component is caused by wind load. The larger the lateral eigenvalue, the higher the similarity between the lateral component and the reference component in the spectrum diagram, indicating that the lateral component is more likely to be caused by wind load; conversely, the smaller the lateral eigenvalue, the lower the similarity, indicating that the lateral component is less likely to be caused by wind load.
[0050] The method for obtaining the spectrum graph and the method for calculating the cosine similarity are both well-known technologies, and their specific obtaining process and specific calculation process are not described in detail here.
[0051] Furthermore, the lateral eigenvalues of all lateral components of all GPS receivers are used as input to a threshold segmentation algorithm, which outputs a segmentation threshold. In each GPS receiver, all lateral components with lateral eigenvalues less than the segmentation threshold are reconstructed to obtain a reconstructed lateral displacement signal. This is used to represent the lateral displacement signal after removing all lateral components caused by wind loads from the GPS receiver's lateral displacement signal, thereby reducing the impact of external wind loads on the subsequent calculation of the lateral variables of the bridge deck position where the GPS receiver is located.
[0052] It should be noted that there are many commonly used threshold segmentation algorithms. In this embodiment, the maximum inter-class variance algorithm is used to divide the horizontal eigenvalues. In actual application, as other implementation methods, implementers can also adopt other threshold segmentation algorithms based on specific circumstances. Regarding the selection of threshold segmentation algorithms, this embodiment does not impose any special restrictions.
[0053] Among them, the maximum inter-class variance algorithm and the principle of reconstructing modal components into signals are both well-known technologies, and their specific principles and processes are not repeated here.
[0054] It is supplemented that, in this embodiment, the maximum inter-class variance algorithm is used for all the threshold segmentation involved.
[0055] At this point, by utilizing the symmetry of the bridge structure and comparing the lateral displacement signals of GPS receivers at symmetrical positions, the signal components caused by wind loads can be identified and removed, thereby more accurately analyzing the deformation of the bridge in the driving direction.
[0056] Step S3: All modal components of the vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver are recorded as vertical components. By analyzing the difference in center frequency between each vertical component in each GPS receiver and all vertical components in adjacent GPS receivers preset on the same side, all reference components of the vertical components are obtained. By analyzing the cross-correlation between each vertical component and all its reference components, the correlation index and correlation time of each vertical component are obtained. By analyzing the correlation time fitting results of all vertical components and combining them with the correlation index, the vertical eigenvalue of each vertical component in each GPS receiver is determined to obtain the reconstructed vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver.
[0057] Generally speaking, when a vehicle travels on a bridge deck, its load is transmitted to the bridge deck through the bridge structure, causing the bridge deck to produce displacement changes in the vertical direction at the position where the vehicle acts. As the vehicle continues to move forward, the position where the vehicle load acts continuously changes along the direction of travel, causing the vertical displacement caused by the vehicle load on the bridge deck to gradually propagate to other positions as the vehicle moves, resulting in a time delay characteristic. That is, the signal components caused by the vehicle load in the vertical displacement signals of all bridge deck positions on the same side of the bridge will have strong cross-correlation, and the correlation time with the maximum degree of cross-correlation of these signal components will show an increasing trend with the vehicle travel direction on that side of the bridge.
[0058] Based on the above analysis, this embodiment analyzes the center frequency differences between each vertical component in each GPS receiver and all vertical components in adjacent GPS receivers preset on the same side to obtain all reference components of each vertical component. By analyzing the cross-correlations between each vertical component and all its reference components, the correlation index and correlation time of each vertical component are obtained. By analyzing the correlation time fitting results of all vertical components and combining them with the cross-correlation coefficients, the vertical eigenvalue of each vertical component in each GPS receiver is determined to obtain a reconstructed vertical displacement signal for each GPS receiver. The specific process is as follows:
[0059] (1) In this embodiment, all modal components of the vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver are recorded as vertical components;
[0060] It should be noted that the specific acquisition process of the vertical component is: the vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver is used as the input of the modal decomposition algorithm, and all modal components are output. In this embodiment, the modal decomposition algorithm adopts the variational modal decomposition algorithm (VDM). Among them, the number of modal components is set to 7 in this embodiment. The implementer can also set it according to the specific situation. This embodiment does not impose any special restrictions.
[0061] (2) Furthermore, this embodiment analyzes the center frequency differences between each vertical component in each GPS receiver and all vertical components in adjacent GPS receivers preset on the same side to obtain all reference components of the vertical components, specifically:
[0062] Among all vertical components of preset neighboring GPS receivers on the same side of the bridge deck to be measured as the i-th GPS receiver, the vertical component with the smallest center frequency difference with the vertical component j in the i-th GPS receiver is used as the reference component of the vertical component j in the i-th GPS receiver. All neighboring GPS receivers are traversed to obtain all reference components of the vertical component j in the i-th GPS receiver. All vertical components in all GPS receivers are traversed to obtain the reference components of each vertical component in each GPS.
[0063] It should be noted that the method for obtaining the preset neighboring GPS receivers on the same side of the bridge deck to be measured as the i-th GPS receiver is: calculate the distance between the i-th GPS receiver and all GPS receivers on the same side of the bridge deck to be measured, arrange all the distances in ascending order, and use the GPS receivers corresponding to the first preset number of distances in the ascending order results as the neighboring receivers of the i-th GPS receiver.
[0064] Among them, the value of the preset number is set manually. In this embodiment, the value of the preset number is 7. In actual application, as other implementation methods, the implementer can also set it by himself based on the specific situation. This embodiment does not impose any special restrictions.
[0065] (3) This embodiment analyzes the cross-correlations between each vertical component and all its reference components to obtain the correlation index and correlation time of each vertical component, specifically:
[0066] As an implementation method, in this embodiment, all GPS receivers on the same side of the bridge deck to be tested are numbered according to the driving direction, and each vertical component in each GPS receiver and all its reference components are sorted according to the number of the GPS receiver to which it belongs. The cross-correlation function between each vertical component and its next adjacent reference component is calculated, and the maximum value and corresponding time delay of the cross-correlation function are used as the correlation index and correlation time of each vertical component in each GPS receiver, which are used to represent the degree of mutuality between vertical components in the same frequency band in the vertical displacement signal of the nearest GPS receiver on the same side of the bridge as the GPS receiver to which each vertical component belongs, as well as the time delay corresponding to the maximum cross-correlation.
[0067] The cross-correlation function is a well-known technology, and its specific calculation method and the specific process of using it to obtain the corresponding time delay will not be repeated here.
[0068] (4) Furthermore, this embodiment determines the vertical eigenvalue of each vertical component in each GPS receiver by analyzing the correlation time fitting results of all vertical components and combining the cross-correlation coefficients to obtain the reconstructed vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver, specifically:
[0069] In this embodiment, the serial number and the associated time corresponding to any reference vector of each vertical component of each GPS receiver are combined into a binary pair. A fitting is performed on all binary pairs of the reference vectors of each vertical component of each GPS receiver. During the fitting process, the horizontal coordinate parameter is the serial number of the GPS receiver, and the vertical coordinate parameter is the associated time. The slope of the fitted line is forward-fused with the correlation index of each vertical eigenvector in each GPS receiver to form the vertical eigenvalue of each vertical component in each GPS receiver, which is used to assess whether the vertical component is caused by vehicle load.
[0070] Among them, the larger the vertical eigenvalue, the larger the slope of the fitting line and the higher the correlation index of the vertical eigenvector, which means that the vertical component has a strong correlation with the vehicle load. Therefore, it can be considered that the vertical component is more likely to be caused by the vehicle load. The smaller the vertical eigenvalue, the smaller the slope of the fitting line or the lower the correlation index of the vertical eigenvector, which means that the vertical component has a weaker correlation with the vehicle load. Therefore, it can be considered that the vertical component is less likely to be caused by the vehicle load.
[0071] It should be noted that there are many commonly used fitting algorithms. In this embodiment, the least squares fitting method is used to fit the binary group. In actual application, as other implementation methods, the implementer may also adopt other fitting methods such as polynomial function fitting method based on specific circumstances. Regarding the selection of fitting method, this embodiment does not impose any special restrictions.
[0072] Among them, the least square fitting method is a well-known technology, and its specific fitting process is not described in detail.
[0073] It should be understood that forward fusion refers to combining two or more indicators through addition or multiplication to obtain a comprehensive indicator, thereby more comprehensively and accurately evaluating a phenomenon or problem. This fusion method is not limited to simple arithmetic operations and can also include more complex statistical models and analysis methods. Implementers can choose according to their specific circumstances and this embodiment does not impose any special restrictions.
[0074] Preferably, in this embodiment, the product of the slope of the fitting line and the correlation index of each vertical eigenvector in each GPS receiver is used as the vertical eigenvalue of each vertical component in each GPS receiver.
[0075] Furthermore, the vertical eigenvalues of all vertical components of all GPS receivers are used as the input of the threshold segmentation algorithm, and the segmentation threshold is output, which is recorded as the vertical threshold. All vertical components whose vertical eigenvalues are less than the vertical threshold in all vertical components of each GPS receiver are reconstructed to obtain the reconstructed vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver.
[0076] Preferably, the schematic diagram of the process of obtaining the reconstructed vertical displacement signal provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 2 shown.
[0077] At this point, by using the vertical displacement signals of GPS receivers at different locations on the same side of the bridge and analyzing the cross-correlation and time delay characteristics between the signals, the signal components caused by vehicle loads can be identified and removed, thereby more accurately analyzing the vertical deformation of the bridge.
[0078] Step S4: Analyze the extreme value distributions of the reconstructed lateral displacement signal, the longitudinal displacement signal, and the reconstructed vertical displacement signal respectively to determine the deformation monitoring result of the bridge deck to be tested.
[0079] The range of the reconstructed lateral displacement signal, the range of the longitudinal displacement signal, and the range of the reconstructed vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver are respectively used as the lateral deformation, longitudinal deformation, and vertical deformation of the bridge deck at the location of each GPS receiver. They are used to characterize the deformation of the bridge deck at each GPS receiver along the lateral, longitudinal, and vertical directions of the bridge deck during its data sampling time, and serve as the online monitoring result of the structural deformation of the bridge deck at the current moment.
[0080] Thus, this embodiment analyzes the lateral, longitudinal, and vertical displacement signals, identifies and removes the signal components caused by wind load and vehicle load, and thus more accurately analyzes the actual deformation of the bridge in the three directions.
[0081] Based on the same inventive concept as the above-mentioned method, an embodiment of the present application also provides an online monitoring system for bridge structure deformation, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of any one of the above-mentioned methods for online monitoring of bridge structure deformation are implemented.
[0082] Based on the same inventive concept as the above method, an embodiment of the present application also provides an online monitoring device for bridge structure deformation, wherein a computer program is stored in the device, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, an online monitoring method for bridge structure deformation as described in any one of the above items is implemented.
[0083] It should be noted that the order in which the embodiments of the present application are presented is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Furthermore, the foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of this specification are provided. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential sequence shown to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.
[0084] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.
[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. An online monitoring method for bridge structure deformation, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Install GPS receivers on both sides of the bridge deck to be tested along the driving direction to obtain the lateral displacement signal, longitudinal displacement signal and vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver; GPS receivers that are mirror-symmetrical to each other are referred to as symmetrical receivers, all modal components of the lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver are referred to as lateral components, and among all the lateral components of the symmetrical receiver of each GPS receiver, the lateral component with the smallest center frequency difference from each lateral component of each GPS receiver is referred to as the reference component of each lateral component, the similarity of the frequency spectrum between each lateral component and its reference component is analyzed, and the lateral eigenvalue of each lateral component in each GPS receiver is determined to obtain a reconstructed lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver; All modal components of the vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver are recorded as vertical components. By analyzing the difference in center frequency between each vertical component in each GPS receiver and all vertical components in preset adjacent GPS receivers on the same side of the bridge deck to be measured, all reference components of each vertical component are obtained. By analyzing the cross-correlation between each vertical component and all its reference components, the correlation index and correlation time of each vertical component are obtained. By analyzing the correlation time fitting results of all vertical components and combining them with the correlation index, the vertical eigenvalue of each vertical component in each GPS receiver is determined to obtain a reconstructed vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver. The extreme value distributions of the reconstructed lateral displacement signal, the longitudinal displacement signal, and the reconstructed vertical displacement signal are analyzed respectively to determine the deformation monitoring result of the bridge deck to be tested.
2. The method for online monitoring of bridge structure deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral eigenvalue of each lateral component in each GPS receiver is the cosine similarity of the spectrum between each lateral component in each GPS receiver and its reference component.
3. The online monitoring method for bridge structure deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the reconstructed lateral displacement signal of each GPS receiver is as follows: The lateral eigenvalues of all lateral components of all GPS receivers are used as input of the threshold segmentation algorithm, and the segmentation threshold is output. In each GPS receiver, all lateral components with lateral eigenvalues less than the segmentation threshold are reconstructed to obtain a reconstructed lateral displacement signal.
4. The method for online monitoring of bridge structure deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining of all reference components of the vertical components includes: Among all vertical components of preset neighboring GPS receivers on the same side of the bridge deck to be measured as the i-th GPS receiver, the vertical component with the smallest center frequency difference with the vertical component j in the i-th GPS receiver is used as the reference component of the vertical component j in the i-th GPS receiver. All neighboring GPS receivers are traversed to obtain all reference components of the vertical component j in the i-th GPS receiver. All vertical components in all GPS receivers are traversed to obtain the reference components of each vertical component in each GPS.
5. The method for online monitoring of bridge structure deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining of the relevant index and relevant time of each vertical component includes: All GPS receivers on the same side of the bridge deck to be tested are numbered according to the driving direction. Each vertical component in each GPS receiver and all its reference components are sorted according to the number of the GPS receiver to which they belong. The cross-correlation function between each vertical component and its next adjacent reference component is calculated. The maximum value of the cross-correlation function and the corresponding time delay are used as the correlation index and correlation time of each vertical component in each GPS receiver.
6. The method for online monitoring of bridge structure deformation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for determining the vertical characteristic value of each vertical component in each GPS receiver is: The number and related time corresponding to any reference vector of each vertical component of each GPS receiver are combined into a two-tuple. All the two-tuples of the reference vectors of each vertical component of each GPS are fitted. The slope of the fitted line is forward fused with the correlation index of each vertical eigenvector in the corresponding GPS receiver to obtain the vertical eigenvalue of each vertical component in each GPS receiver.
7. The method for online monitoring of bridge structure deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the reconstructed vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver is as follows: The vertical eigenvalues of all vertical components of all GPS receivers are used as the input of the threshold segmentation algorithm, and the segmentation threshold is output, which is recorded as the vertical threshold. All vertical components with vertical eigenvalues less than the vertical threshold in all vertical components of each GPS receiver are reconstructed to obtain the reconstructed vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver.
8. The method for online monitoring of bridge structure deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for determining the deformation monitoring result of the bridge deck to be tested is: The range of the reconstructed lateral displacement signal, the range of the longitudinal displacement signal, and the range of the reconstructed vertical displacement signal of each GPS receiver are respectively used as the lateral deformation, longitudinal deformation, and vertical deformation of the bridge deck where each GPS receiver is located.
9. An online monitoring system for bridge structure deformation, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the online monitoring method for bridge structure deformation according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.
10. An online monitoring device for bridge structure deformation, wherein a computer program is stored in the device, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, an online monitoring method for bridge structure deformation according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.
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Bridge space displacement monitoring method and system, and readable storage medium
CN112762888A
CL2012002626A1