Roadway full life cycle deformation monitoring system and method based on multidirectional laser ranging

Abstract

The invention provides a roadway full life cycle deformation monitoring system and method based on multidirectional laser ranging, and relates to the technical field of coal mine roadway surrounding rock deformation monitoring. Calculating the horizontal distance between the device placement point and the side wall of the roadway and the vertical distance between the device placement point and the distance measurement point before and after deformation of the roadway, and further calculating the horizontal distance, the vertical distance and the linear distance of the distance measurement point before and after deformation of the roadway; the monitoring angle alpha of the laser probe can be adjusted, and calculation of deformation at different positions of the side wall of the roadway is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of coal mine tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring, and in particular to a tunnel full-life cycle deformation monitoring system and method based on multi-directional laser ranging. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Coal mine roadway surrounding rock deformation monitoring technology, as a key component of the coal mine safety monitoring system, is crucial not only for early warning and prevention of potential geological disasters but also for the sustainability and safety of coal mine production. Although various monitoring devices, such as the "cross-point method," laser rangefinders, and total stations, have been used for coal mine roadway surrounding rock deformation monitoring for many years, the complexity of the underground coal mine roadway environment still presents a series of complex and profound challenges in practical application. To address this issue, a variety of new technologies and methods for roadway surrounding rock deformation monitoring have been developed.

[0004] Among the existing methods, patent CN111220086A - a method for monitoring tunnel surrounding rock deformation based on three-dimensional laser scanning, uses a three-dimensional laser scanner to perform non-contact high-speed laser scanning of the current state of the tunnel, realizing comprehensive, dynamic and continuous observation of the deformation of the entire coal mine tunnel. Patent CN117367301A - a method for monitoring tunnel surrounding rock convergence deformation, adopts a cross-point method with a matching laser testing device, can arbitrarily set measurement points, and quickly measure the tunnel roof sinking, bottom bulge, and the amount of two-side movement. It has the advantages of less measurement data, less operation difficulty, and high measurement accuracy. Patent CN111829441A - a method for monitoring tunnel surface displacement deformation based on the principle of laser ranging, mainly including a laser ranging module, a transmission module, and a system control module. The laser ranging module performs 360° periodic rotation and reset according to the set rotation angle θ and rotation interval time t. Each time it rotates an angle θ, a laser beam is emitted to the tunnel section monitoring point as a single-point distance measurement.

[0005] In summary, although laser ranging has been widely used in coal mine roadway deformation monitoring due to its convenience, safety, and accuracy, and has become a mainstream means of innovative monitoring technology, due to the narrow space and many interference factors in coal mine roadways, the above solutions still have the following limitations:

[0006] (1) Monitoring accuracy and reliability: Due to the complex tunnel environment, performance limitations of monitoring equipment, and data processing methods, the accuracy and reliability of existing monitoring technologies still need to be improved. In particular, under extreme conditions such as high stress, high temperature, and high humidity, the accuracy of monitoring data faces severe challenges.

[0007] (2) Real-time monitoring and data transmission: In deep mines, due to limited communication conditions, the real-time transmission of monitoring data has become a major problem. This affects the timeliness and availability of monitoring data, and limits the rapid response capability of monitoring technology in emergency situations.

[0008] (3) Adaptability of monitoring equipment: The geological conditions of tunnel surrounding rock are diverse, including soft rock, hard rock, fault zones, etc., and the requirements for monitoring equipment under different geological conditions vary. The monitoring equipment currently on the market often cannot fully adapt to various complex geological conditions, which affects the monitoring effect.

[0009] (4) Long-term monitoring and maintenance: The deformation of tunnel surrounding rock is a long-term process that requires continuous and stable monitoring. However, existing methods cannot achieve the maintenance and replacement of long-term monitoring equipment and the continuous management of monitoring data. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a tunnel full-life cycle deformation monitoring system and method based on multi-directional laser ranging. By improving the structure of the monitoring device, adopting a rigid structure and a waterproof outer cover material, it is possible to monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock of the coal mine tunnel in various complex geological conditions such as soft rock, hard rock, fault zone, and extreme conditions such as high stress, high temperature, and high humidity, and perform real-time monitoring and data transmission.

[0011] According to some embodiments, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] The tunnel deformation monitoring method for the entire life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging includes:

[0013] Set up the placement points of the tunnel monitoring device, the distance measurement points between the laser probe and the tunnel sidewall, and the device placement points and distance measurement points after the tunnel is deformed;

[0014] Obtain the vertical distances from the measuring points to the tunnel surface before and after tunnel deformation respectively;

[0015] Obtain the distance between the device placement point and the side wall of the tunnel and the distance to the bottom of the tunnel measured by the laser probe before and after the tunnel deformation;

[0016] Based on the distances between the device placement point and the roadway sidewall and the roadway bottom measured by the laser probe before and after the roadway deformation, the horizontal distances between the device placement point and the roadway sidewall and the vertical distances to the distance measurement point are calculated before and after the roadway deformation; the horizontal and vertical distances between the distance measurement point and the roadway deformation are calculated;

[0017] The deformation amount at different positions of the tunnel sidewall is calculated based on the horizontal distance and vertical distance between the measuring points before and after the tunnel deformation.

[0018] According to some embodiments, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0019] A tunnel deformation monitoring system for its entire life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging includes a tunnel monitoring device and a computing module. The tunnel monitoring device includes a fixed support, a waterproof cover, a fixed steel wire, a fixed center, an arc guide rail, a laser probe, and a Bluetooth wireless board. The fixed support is fixedly connected to the waterproof cover, and the fixed support and the waterproof cover are fixed in the surrounding rock of the borehole by fixing the steel wire. A fixed center is set at the center position of the fixed support, and the Bluetooth wireless board is set inside the fixed center. The fixed center is connected to the slider of the arc guide rail by one or more thin steel wires.

[0020] Furthermore, the arc-shaped guide rail is arranged around the fixed center, and the arc-shaped guide rail is equipped with a slider capable of moving along the rail;

[0021] Furthermore, the laser probe is connected to the slider by a fixed steel wire. When the tunnel is deformed and tilted, the slider can automatically adjust its position along the curved guide rail to ensure that the laser probe always remains vertical under the action of gravity.

[0022] According to some embodiments, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0023] A computer program product includes a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for monitoring deformation of a tunnel throughout its life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging.

[0024] According to some embodiments, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0025] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is used to store computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method for monitoring deformation of a tunnel throughout its life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging is implemented.

[0026] According to some embodiments, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0027] An electronic device includes: a processor, a memory, and a computer program; wherein the processor is connected to the memory, and the computer program is stored in the memory. When the electronic device is running, the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to enable the electronic device to implement the tunnel full life cycle deformation monitoring method based on multi-directional laser ranging.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The disclosed tunnel deformation monitoring system for the entire life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging is designed by a monitoring device with a simple installation method. The device is mostly rigid in structure and the waterproof cover is set to waterproof material. It has excellent sealing performance, effectively preventing moisture and dust from entering the interior of the monitoring device, protecting precision electronic components from damage, and can adapt to various complex geological conditions such as soft rock, hard rock, fault zones, as well as extreme conditions such as high stress, high temperature, and high humidity, thereby improving the adaptability of the monitoring equipment.

[0030] The disclosed tunnel deformation monitoring system, based on multi-directional laser ranging, incorporates a Bluetooth wireless card in the monitoring device. This card can be configured with a variety of communication protocols to ensure high-speed and low-latency data transmission. Workers can simply approach the monitoring device with information collection equipment to receive measurement data, enabling real-time monitoring and data transmission, improving the timeliness and usability of monitoring data.

[0031] The disclosed method for monitoring deformation in a mine tunnel throughout its lifecycle, based on multi-directional laser ranging, optimizes data processing. The laser probe's angle of measurement, adjusted to the tunnel sidewall, allows for measurement and calculation of deformation at various locations on the tunnel sidewall. This calculation improves monitoring accuracy and reliability by determining deformation of both the floor and sidewalls of the mine tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present disclosure, are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure. The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and their descriptions are used to explain the present disclosure and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a tunnel support diagram of the multi-directional laser tunnel deformation monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the laser ranging assembly structure of the embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the laser ranging assembly structure of the embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a front view of the laser ranging assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 5 A side view of a laser ranging assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arc guide rail structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the multi-directional laser tunnel periodic deformation monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Among them, 1. fixed support, 2. waterproof cover, 3. fixed steel wire, 4. fixed center of circle, 5. arc guide rail, 6. laser probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present disclosure will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a tunnel deformation monitoring system for the entire life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging is provided, including a tunnel monitoring device and a computing module, wherein the tunnel monitoring device communicates with the computing module.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the tunnel monitoring device includes a fixed support 1, a waterproof cover 2, a fixed steel wire 3, a fixed center 4, an arc guide 5, a laser probe 6, and a Bluetooth wireless board. The fixed support 1 is externally fixedly connected to the waterproof cover 2, and the fixed steel wire 3 secures the fixed support 1 and the waterproof cover 2 to the surrounding rock of the borehole. The fixed center 4 is located at the center of the fixed support 1, and the Bluetooth wireless board is installed inside the fixed center 4. The fixed center 4 is connected to the slider of the arc guide 5 via one or more thin steel wires. The laser probe 6 is connected to the slider via the fixed steel wire.

[0047] In this embodiment, the fixed support 1 is a rigid hollow cylindrical structure made of high-strength material. It is installed within the surrounding rock containing a drilled hole to provide rigid support for the automated tunnel deformation monitoring device, ensuring sufficient strength within the surrounding rock containing the drilled hole. The waterproof cover 2 is a rigid cylindrical structure made of corrosion-resistant metal or high-strength plastic. It is installed outside the fixed support 1 and provides waterproof protection for the monitoring device. It has excellent sealing properties, effectively preventing moisture and dust from entering the monitoring device, protecting the delicate electronic components from damage.

[0048] The fixing wire 3 is made of high-strength alloy steel and welded into a claw shape. The claw-shaped opening opens vertically downward to fix the fixed support 1 and the waterproof cover 2 in the surrounding rock of the borehole, ensuring the stability of the entire device.

[0049] Fixed center 4 is located at the center of fixed support 1 and is used to adjust the height of the laser probe from the tunnel surface when measuring deformation in coal mine tunnels. It also includes a built-in Bluetooth wireless card to support short-range wireless data transmission. This Bluetooth wireless card can be configured with multiple communication protocols to ensure high-speed and low-latency data transmission. Furthermore, fixed center 4 is connected to the slider on the curved guide rail via one or more thin steel wires. The Bluetooth wireless card is used for short-range wireless communication and can connect peripheral devices such as a mouse, keyboard, and headphones.

[0050] The curved guide rail 5, arranged around the fixed center point 4, is made of a lightweight yet high-strength alloy, ensuring structural rigidity while reducing overall weight. A specially designed slider is installed on the curved guide rail 5, allowing it to move in a fixed direction along the track. This slider is used to limit irregular horizontal movement of the laser probe, ensuring that it remains vertical to the ground under the influence of gravity during deformation measurement in coal mine tunnels.

[0051] Laser probe 6 is also connected to the slider via a steel wire. When the roadway deforms and tilts, the slider automatically adjusts its position along the curved guide rail, ensuring that the laser probe remains vertical under the influence of gravity, allowing it to continue to perform accurate measurements regardless of roadway deformation. The laser probe measures the distance between the automated roadway deformation monitoring device and the cross-section of the coal mine roadway at a specified angle, providing high-precision data that is then used by the calculation module to calculate the roadway deformation.

[0052] In one embodiment, a Bluetooth wireless card is disposed within the fixed center circle, which is connected to a slider on a curved guide rail via a steel wire. A laser probe is connected to the slider on the curved guide rail via the steel wire, and the slider is movable along the curved guide rail. This ensures that when the coal mine roadway deformation monitoring device is squeezed and tilted, the laser probe, under the action of gravity, forces the slider to move, maintaining its vertical position relative to the ground, allowing continued measurement without being affected by roadway deformation.

[0053] In this embodiment, the laser probe is a core component of the entire system. It utilizes high-precision laser ranging technology to monitor changes in tunnel cross-sections in real time. The measured data is transmitted via the Bluetooth wireless board to an external device, such as a laptop, tablet, or other compatible display terminal. Workers carrying data collection equipment close to the monitoring device can receive the measured data, enabling on-site technicians to analyze and process it in a timely manner.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the automatic monitoring device for roadway deformation based on multi-directional laser ranging is buried in the surrounding rock containing drill holes and is used for real-time monitoring and data transmission of the deformation of the surrounding rock of the coal mine roadway.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for monitoring deformation of a tunnel throughout its life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Set the placement point of the tunnel monitoring device, the distance measurement point between the laser probe and the tunnel sidewall, and the device placement point and distance measurement point after the tunnel is deformed;

[0058] Step 2: Obtain the vertical distances from the measuring points to the tunnel surface before and after tunnel deformation respectively;

[0059] Step 3: Obtain the distance between the device placement point and the side wall of the tunnel and the distance to the bottom of the tunnel measured by the laser probe before and after the tunnel deformation;

[0060] Step 4: Based on the distances between the device placement point and the roadway sidewall and the distance to the roadway bottom measured by the laser probe before and after the roadway deformation, calculate the horizontal distances between the device placement point and the roadway sidewall and the vertical distances to the distance measurement point before and after the roadway deformation, and calculate the horizontal and vertical distances of the distance measurement point before and after the roadway deformation;

[0061] Step 5: Based on the horizontal distances and vertical distances of the measuring points before and after the deformation of the tunnel, the deformation amounts at different positions of the tunnel sidewall are calculated.

[0062] As an example, take the rectangular tunnel of a coal mine as an example. Figure 7 As shown, point A is the point where the tunnel monitoring device is set up, point B is the distance measurement point between the laser probe and the tunnel sidewall according to the angle α, and points A' and B' are the installation point and the distance measurement point after the tunnel is deformed;

[0063] l1 and l2 are the distances between the tunnel monitoring device point and the tunnel sidewall and the tunnel bottom, respectively, measured by the laser probe at angle α before the tunnel is deformed. l3 and l4 are the distances between the tunnel monitoring device point and the tunnel sidewall and the tunnel bottom, respectively, measured by the laser probe at angle α after the tunnel is deformed.

[0064] x1 and y1 are the horizontal distances between the monitoring point and the side wall of the tunnel before deformation and the vertical distance to the distance measuring point, respectively. x2 and y2 are the horizontal distances between the monitoring point and the side wall of the tunnel after deformation and the vertical distance to the distance measuring point, respectively. They can be calculated using the Pythagorean theorem with angle α and l1, l2, l3, and l4. z1 and z2 are the vertical distances between the distance measuring point and the tunnel ground before and after deformation, respectively. They can be calculated using the following formula:

[0065] x1=l1 sinα

[0066] x2=l2 sinα

[0067] y1=l1 cosα

[0068] y2=l2 cosα

[0069] z1=l3-y1

[0070] z2=l4-y2

[0071] Furthermore, a is the horizontal distance between the measuring point and the roadway before and after deformation, b is the vertical distance between the measuring point and the roadway before and after deformation, and c is the linear distance between the measuring point and the roadway before and after deformation, which can be obtained by calculation. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0072] a=x1-x2

[0073] b=z2-z1

[0074]

[0075] Optionally, the monitoring angle α of the laser probe can be adjusted, thereby measuring and calculating the deformation at different positions of the tunnel side wall.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for monitoring deformation of a tunnel throughout its life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging is implemented.

[0078] Example 4

[0079] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided, which is used to store computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method for monitoring deformation of a tunnel throughout its life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging is implemented.

[0080] Example 5

[0081] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a computer program; wherein the processor is connected to the memory, and the computer program is stored in the memory. When the electronic device is running, the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory, so that the electronic device executes the method for monitoring deformation of a tunnel throughout its life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging.

[0082] The present disclosure is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0083] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0084] Although the above describes the specific implementation methods of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present disclosure, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A tunnel deformation monitoring method for the entire life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging is characterized by: include: Set up the placement points of the tunnel monitoring device, the distance measurement points between the laser probe and the tunnel sidewall, and the device placement points and distance measurement points after the tunnel is deformed; Obtain the vertical distances from the measuring points to the tunnel surface before and after tunnel deformation respectively; Obtain the distance between the device placement point and the side wall of the tunnel and the distance to the bottom of the tunnel measured by the laser probe before and after the tunnel deformation; Based on the distances between the device placement point and the side wall of the tunnel and the distances to the tunnel bottom measured by the laser probe before and after the tunnel deformation, the horizontal distances between the device placement point and the side wall of the tunnel and the vertical distances to the distance measurement point are calculated. Calculate the horizontal distance and vertical distance of the measuring point before and after the tunnel deformation; The deformation amount at different positions of the tunnel sidewall is calculated based on the horizontal distance and vertical distance between the measuring points before and after the tunnel deformation.

2. The method for monitoring deformation of a tunnel throughout its life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging according to claim 1, characterized in that: A preset angle is set, and the laser probe is placed at the preset angle to the distance measuring point on the side wall of the tunnel.

3. The method for monitoring deformation of a tunnel throughout its life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of measuring the distance between the device placement point and the side wall of the tunnel and the distance between the device placement point and the bottom surface of the tunnel by the laser probe before and after the tunnel deformation is as follows: before the tunnel deformation, the laser probe is used to measure the distance between the device placement point and the side wall of the tunnel and the distance between the device placement point and the bottom surface of the tunnel according to a preset angle α; after the tunnel deformation, the laser probe is used to measure the distance between the device placement point and the side wall of the tunnel and the distance between the device placement point and the bottom surface of the tunnel according to the preset angle α.

4. The method for monitoring deformation of a tunnel throughout its life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preset angle α can be adaptively adjusted, thereby measuring and calculating the deformation at different positions of the tunnel side wall.

5. The tunnel full life cycle deformation monitoring system based on multi-directional laser ranging is characterized by: The invention comprises a tunnel monitoring device and a computing module. The tunnel monitoring device comprises a fixed support, a waterproof cover, a fixed steel wire, a fixed center, an arc guide rail, a laser probe and a Bluetooth wireless board. The waterproof cover is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed support, and the fixed support and the waterproof cover are fixed in the surrounding rock of the borehole by the fixed steel wire. A fixed center is set at the center position of the fixed support, and the Bluetooth wireless board is set inside the fixed center. The fixed center is connected to the slider of the arc guide rail by one or more thin steel wires.

6. The tunnel full life cycle deformation monitoring system based on multi-directional laser ranging according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The arc-shaped guide rail is arranged around the fixed center of the circle, and a slider is provided on the arc-shaped guide rail so as to be able to move along the track.

7. The tunnel full life cycle deformation monitoring system based on multi-directional laser ranging according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The laser probe is connected to the slider through a fixed steel wire. When the tunnel deforms and tilts, the slider can automatically adjust its position along the curved guide rail to ensure that the laser probe always remains vertical under the action of gravity.

8. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for monitoring deformation of a tunnel throughout its life cycle based on multi-directional laser ranging as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is used to store computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the tunnel full life cycle deformation monitoring method based on multi-directional laser ranging as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor, a memory and a computer program; wherein the processor is connected to the memory, and the computer program is stored in the memory. When the electronic device is running, the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to enable the electronic device to implement the tunnel full life cycle deformation monitoring method based on multi-directional laser ranging as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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