Vehicle vibration test bench

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle vibration test bench, and the test bench comprises a pedestal which comprises a plurality of vertical column pairs arranged at intervals; the plurality of vertical vibration exciters are respectively arranged between the vertical columns of the plurality of vertical column pairs and are used for providing vertical excitation; the multiple supporting assemblies are arranged on the upper end faces of the multiple stand column pairs correspondingly, and the supporting assemblies are driven to move through the vertical vibration exciters so as to simulate vertical irregularity excitation of the track; and the simulation vehicle comprises a plurality of steering assemblies arranged on the upper end surfaces of the plurality of supporting assemblies respectively, and a vehicle body arranged on the plurality of steering assemblies. The invention provides a vehicle vibration test bench which can simulate different line disturbance working conditions through a vertical vibration exciter and can be used for a simulation experiment of track irregularity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of track irregularity detection equipment, and in particular to a vehicle vibration test bench. Background Art

[0002] Track irregularity experiments are designed to simulate and analyze the impact of track irregularities on train safety, comfort, and stability. Track irregularities generally refer to irregularities or deformations on the track surface. Common causes include track aging, construction quality issues, and environmental factors. As train speeds increase, the impact of track irregularities on operations becomes increasingly significant, especially on high-speed and heavy-haul railways, where track smoothness directly impacts train safety and passenger comfort.

[0003] The core purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the impact of track irregularities on train dynamic response through experimental data, thereby providing a basis for track and vehicle design, maintenance, and optimization. Experimental content typically includes simulation of track irregularities, development of a train dynamic model, and vibration and impact testing. The experimental results can help analyze the impact of track irregularities on train body vibration, wheel-track contact forces, and other aspects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To study the impact of track irregularities on train operation and provide a scientific basis for the optimal design of tracks and vehicles, the present invention proposes a vehicle vibration test bench. The vehicle on this test bench is 1 / 5 to 1 / 10 the size of existing vehicles. This small-scale vehicle vibration test bench not only helps to deeply understand the impact of track irregularities, but also provides a scientific basis for the optimal design of tracks and vehicles.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A vehicle vibration test bench, comprising:

[0007] A base, the base comprising a plurality of spaced-apart column pairs;

[0008] A plurality of vertical vibrators, each of which is disposed between the columns of the plurality of column pairs and is used to provide vertical excitation;

[0009] A plurality of support assemblies, each of which is provided on an upper end surface of each of the plurality of column pairs, and the vertical exciter is used to drive the support assemblies to move, so as to simulate vertical irregularity excitation of the track;

[0010] A simulated vehicle comprises a plurality of steering assemblies respectively arranged on the upper end surfaces of the plurality of support assemblies, and a vehicle body arranged on the plurality of steering assemblies.

[0011] Furthermore, the support assembly includes a plurality of support spring pairs and a plurality of support vertical plates, each support spring pair is respectively arranged on the upper end surface of the corresponding pair of columns, and both ends of each support vertical plate are respectively arranged on the corresponding pair of support springs.

[0012] Furthermore, the middle portion of the supporting vertical plate is hinged to the output end of the vertical exciter.

[0013] Furthermore, the steering assembly includes multiple primary spring pairs and multiple bogies, each primary spring pair is respectively arranged on the upper end surface of the corresponding supporting vertical plate, and the two ends of each bogie are respectively arranged on the corresponding primary spring pair, and the car body is arranged on multiple bogies.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of the bogies are provided with a plurality of secondary spring pairs, and are connected to the vehicle body via the plurality of secondary spring pairs.

[0015] Furthermore, the first series spring pair and the second series spring pair both include a guide post, and a first sleeve, a spring, and a second sleeve sequentially sleeved on the guide post.

[0016] Furthermore, there is a phase difference between the vertical excitations provided by the two adjacently arranged vertical vibrators.

[0017] Furthermore, the vehicle body has a placement space, and the mass and moment of inertia of the vehicle body can be changed by changing the load placed in the placement space.

[0018] Furthermore, the test bench also includes a signal amplifier and a signal generator; the vertical exciter is connected to the signal amplifier, and the signal amplifier is connected to the signal generator.

[0019] Furthermore, the column pair includes a first column and a second column arranged at an interval, and the first column and the second column have the same height.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] (1) The present invention provides a vehicle vibration test bench, which can simulate different line excitation conditions through a vertical exciter and can be used for simulation experiments on track unevenness. Compared with testing on a test line, the vibration test bench testing method is less expensive, low-cost, and convenient for experiments.

[0022] (2) The present invention provides a vehicle vibration test bench that, through a hinged portion between a vertical exciter and a support plate, cleverly achieves the ability to simultaneously simulate both vertical and horizontal irregularity excitations using a single vertical exciter. Specifically, the hinged portion between the vertical exciter and the support plate allows the support plate to retain the degree of freedom to rotate about the x-axis, thereby simulating horizontal track irregularity excitation. By moving the exciter along the axis, the vertical excitation of the vertical exciter can be made equivalent to a vertical excitation and a torque about the x-axis at the center of the support plate, thereby causing the support plate to generate vertical displacement and rotation about the x-axis.

[0023] (3) The present invention provides a vehicle vibration test bench, the springs of which are fixed by guide pins and sleeves, making it easy to replace different springs.

[0024] (4) The present invention provides a vehicle vibration test bench, the mass and moment of inertia of the test bench body can be adjusted by adding loads to simulate the operation of a train under different load conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a vehicle vibration test bench in an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle body in an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the spring, sleeve and guide post in the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a hinge portion in an embodiment;

[0029] The numbers in the figure are as follows: 1-car body; 2-secondary spring pair; 3-bogie; 4-support vertical plate; 5-column pair; 6-vertical exciter; 7-support spring pair; 8-primary spring pair; 9-hinge; 10-second sleeve; 11-spring; 12-first sleeve; 13-guide column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0031] Example

[0032] In order to study the impact of track irregularities on train operation and provide a scientific basis for the optimal design of tracks and vehicles, the present invention proposes a small-scale vehicle vibration test bench. The vehicle on this test bench is 1 / 5 to 1 / 10 of the existing vehicle, with a preferred ratio of 1 / 8. The specific structure is shown in Figure 1-4 , including: a base, a plurality of vertical vibrators 6, a plurality of support components, and a simulated vehicle;

[0033] Please see again Figure 1 , the base includes a plurality of column pairs 5 spaced apart along the X direction, and each column pair 5 includes two columns spaced apart along the Y direction;

[0034] Please see again Figure 1 , the plurality of vertical exciters 6 are respectively arranged between the columns of the plurality of column pairs for providing vertical excitation. Specifically, each of the vertical exciters 6 is arranged between two columns of the corresponding column pair 5 spaced apart along the Y direction;

[0035] Please see again Figure 1 , multiple support assemblies are respectively arranged on the upper end surfaces of multiple column pairs, and the vertical exciter 6 is used to drive the support assembly to move to simulate the vertical unevenness excitation of the track; the support assembly includes multiple support spring pairs 7 and multiple support vertical plates 4, each support spring pair 7 is respectively arranged on the upper end surface of the corresponding column pair 5, and the two ends of each support vertical plate 4 are respectively arranged on the corresponding support spring pair 7. Specifically, each support spring pair 7 includes two springs arranged along the X direction, and the two springs are arranged on the upper end surface of the corresponding column.

[0036] Please see again Figure 1 The simulated vehicle includes a plurality of steering assemblies respectively arranged on the upper end surfaces of the plurality of support assemblies, and a car body 1 arranged on the plurality of steering assemblies. The steering assembly includes a plurality of primary spring pairs 8 and a plurality of bogies 3. Each primary spring pair 8 is respectively arranged on the upper end surface of the corresponding support upright 4. Both ends of each bogie 3 are respectively arranged on the corresponding primary spring pair 8. The car body 1 is arranged on the plurality of bogies 3. The plurality of bogies 3 are provided with a plurality of secondary spring pairs 2, and are connected to the car body 1 via the plurality of secondary spring pairs 2. Each secondary spring pair 2 includes two springs arranged along the X direction, and the two springs are arranged at intervals on the upper end surface of the corresponding bogie 3.

[0037] Please see again Figure 1 The center of the support plate 4 is hinged to the output end of the vertical exciter 6. The hinge 9 between the vertical exciter 6 and the support plate 4 allows the support plate 4 to retain the degree of freedom to rotate about the x-axis, thereby simulating the excitation of horizontal track irregularities. By moving the exciter along the y-axis, the vertical excitation of the vertical exciter 6 is equivalent to a vertical excitation and a torque about the x-axis at the center of the support plate 4, thereby causing the support plate 4 to produce vertical displacement and rotation about the x-axis.

[0038] In this embodiment, both the primary spring pair 8 and the secondary spring pair 2 include a guide post 13, a first sleeve 12, a spring 11, and a second sleeve 10, which are sequentially mounted on the guide post 13. The first sleeve 12, the second sleeve 10, and the guide post 13 are bolted to the rest of the test bench: the carbody, the bogie, the support plate, and the base. This design facilitates the replacement of springs of varying stiffness during testing to simulate suspension coefficients for different trains and operating conditions. This mounting method also increases the lateral stiffness of the springs, ensuring the stability and safety of the test bench.

[0039] The primary spring pair 8 is connected in parallel, and by increasing the longitudinal span of the two springs, the rotational freedom of the bogie around the y-axis is constrained, thereby ensuring the overall stability of the test bench.

[0040] In this embodiment, the vehicle body 1 has a placement space. By changing the load placed in the placement space, the mass and moment of inertia of the vehicle body 1 are changed to simulate the operation of the train under different load conditions.

[0041] In this embodiment, the test bench further includes a signal amplifier and a signal generator; the vertical exciter 6 is connected to the signal amplifier, which in turn is connected to the signal generator. The vertical excitation provided by the two adjacent vertical exciters 6 has a phase difference. Specifically, the apparatus of this embodiment inputs a track spectrum signal to the vertical exciter 6 via the signal generator and signal amplifier, and determines the phase difference between the front and rear exciters based on a set operating speed to simulate the situation when the front and rear bogies pass over the same track surface when a train is running on actual track.

[0042] In this embodiment, the column pair 5 includes a first column and a second column arranged at an interval, and the first column and the second column have the same height.

[0043] In this embodiment, the mass of the vehicle body 1 and the moment of inertia of pitch and roll, the mass and moment of inertia of roll of the bogie 3, the spring stiffness of the primary spring pair 8, and the spring stiffness of the secondary spring pair 2 are calculated based on the actual vehicle parameters through similarity theory.

[0044] In this embodiment, the above structures or parts are assembled with bolts, so that the device provided by this embodiment is in a static equilibrium state without external excitation.

[0045] In this embodiment, the responses of the vehicle body 1 and the bogie 3 when subjected to different track irregularities can be measured using sensors such as displacement sensors, acceleration sensors, and pressure sensors.

[0046] Specific working process:

[0047] according to Figure 1 , use bolts to install the base, support spring pair 7, support vertical plate 4, primary spring pair 8, bogie 3, secondary spring pair 2, and car body 1 from bottom to top, and then make them reach a static equilibrium state under the action of gravity, then place the vertical exciter 6 on the base, use the hinge 9 to connect the vertical exciter 6 to the corresponding position of the support vertical plate 4, and finally connect the vertical exciter 6 to the signal amplifier, and the signal amplifier is connected to the signal generator. The computer inputs the track spectrum information to the signal generator. The exciter serves as the input of the test bench, and the state quantities of the car body 1 and the bogie 3 serve as the output of the test bench.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other manner. Any person skilled in the art may utilize the above-disclosed technical content to modify or modify the present invention into equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications to the above embodiments that do not depart from the technical content of the present invention and are based on the technical essence of the present invention remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle vibration test bench, characterized in that: include: A base, the base comprising a plurality of spaced-apart column pairs (5); A plurality of vertical vibrators (6), each of which is disposed between the columns of the plurality of column pairs and is used to provide vertical excitation; A plurality of support assemblies, each of which is provided on the upper end surface of each of the plurality of column pairs, and the vertical exciter (6) is used to drive the support assemblies to move, so as to simulate the vertical unevenness excitation of the track; A simulated vehicle comprises a plurality of steering assemblies respectively arranged on the upper end surfaces of the plurality of support assemblies, and a vehicle body (1) arranged on the plurality of steering assemblies.

2. A vehicle vibration test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly comprises a plurality of support spring pairs (7) and a plurality of support vertical plates (4), each support spring pair (7) is respectively arranged on the upper end surface of the corresponding pair of columns (5), and both ends of each support vertical plate (4) are respectively arranged on the corresponding support spring pair (7).

3. A vehicle vibration test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The middle portion of the supporting vertical plate (4) is hinged to the output end of the vertical vibrator (6).

4. The vehicle vibration test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering assembly comprises a plurality of primary spring pairs (8) and a plurality of bogies (3), each primary spring pair (8) being respectively arranged on the upper end surface of the corresponding supporting vertical plate (4), and both ends of each bogie (3) being respectively arranged on the corresponding primary spring pair (8), and the vehicle body (1) being arranged on the plurality of bogies (3).

5. The vehicle vibration test bench according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of secondary spring pairs (2) are provided on the plurality of bogies (3), and are connected to the vehicle body (1) via the plurality of secondary spring pairs (2).

6. The vehicle vibration test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first series spring pair (8) and the second series spring pair (2) both include a guide post (13), and a first sleeve (12), a spring (11), and a second sleeve (10) which are sequentially sleeved on the guide post (13).

7. The vehicle vibration test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a phase difference between the vertical excitations provided by the two adjacently arranged vertical vibrators (6).

8. The vehicle vibration test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle body (1) has a placement space, and the mass and moment of inertia of the vehicle body (1) are changed by changing the load placed in the placement space.

9. The vehicle vibration test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test bench also includes a signal amplifier and a signal generator; the vertical vibration exciter (6) is connected to the signal amplifier, and the signal amplifier is connected to the signal generator.

10. The vehicle vibration test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column pair (5) comprises a first column and a second column arranged at an interval, and the first column and the second column have the same height.

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