Dam seepage path detection method based on combination of quasi-flow field method and high-density electrical method

Abstract

The invention discloses a quasi-flow field method and high-density electrical method combined dam seepage path detection method, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering safety monitoring. Firstly, a quasi-flow field method is utilized, detection equipment is arranged in a to-be-detected dam seepage area, and the position of a dam seepage inlet is determined; then, a network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detection system is utilized, based on a high-density electrical method, an inner dam face and outer dam face multi-dimensional wiring network is constructed through a pre-embedded electrode array, and the position of a leakage face in the dam is determined; and finally, inferring a seepage path by combining a quasi-flow field method and a detection result of the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detector. According to the method, the seepage inlet is accurately positioned through the quasi-flow field method, the high-density electrical method based on the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detection system is combined, the seepage surface distribution in the dam is analyzed, multi-dimensional data cross validation is achieved, the field working efficiency and detection precision of leakage hidden danger detection are improved, and a basis is provided for accurate judgment of a seepage path.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and in particular relates to a method for detecting dam seepage paths by combining a pseudo-flow field method with a high-density electrical method. Background Art

[0002] Detecting seepage hazards in reservoirs and dams has long been a hot topic in water conservancy engineering research. If these hazards are not addressed promptly, they can lead to dam failure in severe cases. Accurately inferring seepage hazards and predicting seepage paths are prerequisites for extending the service life of reservoirs and dams and improving their resilience.

[0003] However, in the actual measurement process of dam seepage hazards, due to the complex geological conditions in the dam area, the results obtained by using a single detection method have non-unique interpretations, which can easily lead to misjudgment of the seepage path and cannot provide an accurate reference for subsequent processing.

[0004] The use of combined geophysical exploration methods to detect seepage hazards in dams can cross-verify the reliability of the results from multiple angles and provide a reliable basis for accurately determining the seepage path. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dam seepage path detection method combining the pseudo-flow field method and the high-density electrical method, and to jointly infer the dam seepage path by combining the pseudo-flow field method and the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detector.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for detecting dam seepage paths by combining a pseudo-flow field method with a high-density electrical method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Using the pseudo-flow field method, arrange detection equipment in the leakage area of the dam to be tested to determine the location of the seepage entrance of the dam;

[0008] S2. Using a network-parallel distributed leakage detection system based on high-density electrical methods, a multi-dimensional wiring network is constructed on the inner and outer dam surfaces through the deployment of pre-buried electrode arrays to determine the location of the leakage surface inside the dam;

[0009] S3. Combine the pseudo-flow field method with the detection results of the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detector to infer the seepage path.

[0010] Preferably, the pseudo-flow field method described in step S1, based on the resistivity difference between the leakage part of the dam and the normal dam body, utilizes the similarity of the water flow field and the current field to establish an artificial current field to fit the leakage water flow field, provides a pseudo-random signal current in the water outlet on the back water side and the water body on the front water side, and obtains the distribution characteristics of the leakage water flow field by measuring the current field distribution in the water body, thereby determining the entrance position of the leakage channel.

[0011] Preferably, the detection equipment in step S1 includes: a transmitter for establishing a pseudo-flow field, a power supply electrode A, a power supply electrode B, a receiver for measuring the pseudo-flow field, and a probe;

[0012] Power supply electrode A is placed at the outlet of the leakage point of the dam to be tested, and power supply electrode B is placed on the side of the water body far away from the leakage detection area. Power supply electrodes A and B are connected to the transmitter with insulated wires. After the transmitter is powered, it transmits pseudo-random waves to establish an artificial pseudo-flow field in the dam and water area between power supply electrodes A and B.

[0013] The receiver is placed on a boat, and the probe is placed in the water and moved along with the boat to conduct detection in the water area. The current field in the water is observed through the receiver. When the probe approaches the seepage inlet, the pseudo-flow field electric field intensity data collected by the receiver increases abnormally, and the location of the leakage channel entrance is obtained.

[0014] Preferably, when detecting the entrance of the leakage channel, several survey lines parallel to the dam body are laid in the water, the spacing between the survey lines is preset, and a ship carrying a receiver sails along the survey line, and the dam piping leakage detector is used to perform RTK positioning, save the track, obtain the signal returned by the receiver, and conduct multiple and encrypted observations in the abnormal area;

[0015] The dam piping leakage detector comprises: a sending part and a receiving part;

[0016] The receiving part adopts an embedded intelligent distributed structure, and the embedded intelligent industrial control computer controls, manages and communicates information to the acquisition unit, GPS positioning unit and depth measurement unit through wired means;

[0017] The transmitting part is powered by an external DC device, controls the transmitter to transmit pseudo-random electric field signals, and controls the output voltage in steps.

[0018] Preferably, the network parallel distributed leakage hazard detection system described in step S2 is based on the differences in the physical properties of geological bodies and the electrical properties of various types of rock and mineral geological structures, as well as the difference in resistivity between the moisture content of soil around the seepage channel and the soil not infiltrated by water. By observing the distribution of artificial electric fields and studying the spatial distribution laws and time characteristics, resistivity data is obtained, and finite element inversion interpretation is performed to obtain the changes in the horizontal and vertical resistivity of the soil through a single measurement.

[0019] Preferably, the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detection system includes a data acquisition device and a data processing system.

[0020] The data acquisition device includes: a ground electrode device, a measuring electrode device, and a multi-core cable;

[0021] The data processing system includes: an electrode conversion device, a measurement host, and a data recording device.

[0022] Preferably, in step S2, determining the location of the leakage surface inside the dam includes the following sub-steps:

[0023] S2.1. Deployment of data acquisition equipment: A multi-dimensional wiring network is constructed on the inner and outer dam surfaces by deploying pre-buried electrode arrays. Electrodes and electrode switches are connected in parallel using multi-core cables and laid out according to the predetermined laying route. The survey lines vertically cover the entire dam body, extending the monitoring area outward based on seepage characteristics. The horizontal survey line spacing is arranged based on the dielectric electrical parameters and terrain characteristics.

[0024] S2.2. Data Acquisition: After power is turned on, the electrode conversion device receives and processes electrical signals, converting the ground electrical signals into received numerical signals. The measurement host automatically collects data in real time, including detecting the natural potential, primary field, and secondary field signals, and measuring the signal-to-noise ratio of the collected signals.

[0025] S2.3 Data processing: Data is sorted and classified through the data processing system, including data preprocessing, data graph analysis, data point elimination, and the classified data is stored in the data collection device;

[0026] S2.4. Calculate apparent resistivity: Calculate apparent resistivity of rock and soil using the coefficient of the deployed ground electrode device and the supply current, detect differences in dielectric conductivity in underground rock and soil, and perform diagnostic analysis on the geological body.

[0027] Preferably, in step S2.4, the method for calculating the apparent resistivity is as follows:

[0028] S2.4.1. Connect the ground power supply electrodes A and B to the ground to create an artificial electric field. At the same time, evenly space observation electrodes M and N between the power supply electrodes A and B, and set a measuring point between the observation electrodes M and N.

[0029] S2.4.2. Adjust the distance between the power supply electrodes A and B and the observation electrodes M and N. At the surface of the soil being measured, input a current of intensity I into the ground through the power supply electrodes A and B.

[0030] S2.4.3. Measure the potential difference between the observation electrodes M and N at the measuring point to obtain the apparent resistivity;

[0031] S2.4.4. Detect differences in dielectric conductivity in underground rock and soil masses and conduct diagnostic analysis of geological masses.

[0032] Preferably, in step S2.4.3, the calculation formula for apparent resistivity is:

[0033]

[0034] Where ρ is the apparent resistivity of the rock and soil, ΔV is the potential difference, I is the supply current, and K is the device coefficient;

[0035] When the power supply electrodes A and B input a current of intensity I into the ground, the apparent resistivity between the observation electrodes M and N is:

[0036]

[0037] in, is the device coefficient, AM, BM are the distances between the power supply electrodes A, B and the observation electrode M, AN, BN are the distances between the power supply electrodes A, B and the observation electrode N, ΔU MN is the potential difference between the observation electrodes M and N.

[0038] Preferably, in step S3, the pseudo-flow field method is combined with the detection results of the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detector to infer the seepage path, which includes the following sub-steps:

[0039] S301. Determine the seepage inlet location based on the pseudo-flow field method:

[0040] The data collected by the dam piping and leakage detector is processed and analyzed. Based on the preset lower limit of the potential difference, a potential difference plane contour map is drawn using normal distribution statistics. False anomalies are eliminated based on the signal strength of the abnormal area to determine the location of the seepage entrance.

[0041] S302. Determine the seepage path inside the dam based on the network parallel distributed leakage hazard detection system:

[0042] Based on the continuous measurement results of the network parallel distributed leakage detection system, the leakage rate assessment profile is drawn to infer the possible seepage entrance locations in the seepage path;

[0043] S303: Combine the results of steps S301 and S302 to determine the final seepage path.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects:

[0045] The present invention accurately locates the seepage inlet through the pseudo-flow field method, and combines it with the high-density electrical method based on the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detection system to analyze the distribution of the seepage surface inside the dam, realizing multi-dimensional data cross-validation, greatly improving the on-site work efficiency and detection accuracy of leakage hidden danger detection, providing a basis for accurately judging the seepage path, effectively improving the early warning and forecast of leakage hidden dangers, and providing timely emergency rescue and repair decisions, which can achieve very good promotion and application effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1This is a flowchart of the steps of the dam seepage path detection method combining the pseudo-flow field method and the high-density electrical method according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the survey line arrangement of the pseudo-flow field method and network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical detection principle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a high-density resistivity exploration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the test results of the pseudo-flow field method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the inferred seepage path of the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the corrected seepage path according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the application are further elaborated in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments involved in the present invention. All non-innovative embodiments of other researchers in this field on this embodiment fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. At the same time, the step numbers in the embodiments of the present invention are only set for the convenience of explanation and description, and the order between the steps is not limited in any way. The execution order of each step in the embodiment can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for detecting dam seepage paths is provided by combining a pseudo-flow field method with a high-density electrical method. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the dam seepage path is inferred by combining the pseudo-flow field method and the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detector. The steps are as follows:

[0055] S1. Use the pseudo-flow field method to determine the location of the seepage inlet of the reservoir dam;

[0056] S2. Use network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detectors to determine the location of the leakage surface inside the reservoir dam;

[0057] S3. Combine the pseudo-flow field method with the detection results of the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detector to infer the seepage path.

[0058] Specifically, in step S1, the pseudo-flow field method is an electrical detection technology for detecting the position of the seepage inlet of the dam. Its basic principle is as follows: based on the difference in resistivity between the leakage part of the dam and the normal dam body, and utilizing the physical and mathematical similarities between the water flow field and the current field under certain conditions, an artificial current field is established to fit the leakage water flow field, that is, a pseudo-random signal current is supplied to the water outlet on the back water side and the water body on the front water side. By measuring the distribution of the current field in the water body, the distribution characteristics of the leakage water flow field can be directly or indirectly determined, thereby finding the water inlet of the leakage pipe.

[0059] The detection equipment used primarily consists of a transmitter for establishing a pseudo-flow field, power supply electrodes A and B, and a receiver and probe for measuring the pseudo-flow field. When detecting the entrance to a leakage channel, power supply electrode A is placed at the leakage outlet of the dam, and power supply electrode B is placed on the side of the water body farther from the leakage detection area. Electrodes A and B are connected to the transmitter with insulated wires. When the transmitter is powered, an artificial pseudo-flow field is established in the dam and water area between electrodes A and B.

[0060] A receiver is placed on a boat, and a probe is lowered into the water. The probe is then driven along the boat, allowing the receiver to observe the current field in the water. When the probe approaches a seepage inlet, the receiver will detect an abnormal increase in the electric field intensity of the pseudo-flow field at that location, thereby determining the location of the seepage channel entrance.

[0061] Furthermore, this embodiment uses the DLD-20 dam piping leakage detector produced by Hunan Jishan High-Tech Co., Ltd., which mainly consists of two parts: a transmitting device and a receiving device.

[0062] The receiving part adopts an embedded intelligent distributed structure, that is, the embedded intelligent industrial control computer controls, manages and communicates information to the acquisition unit, GPS positioning unit, depth sounding unit, etc. through wired means.

[0063] The sending part is powered by an external 24V DC and can emit pseudo-random electric field signals. The output voltage is divided into 5 levels, with a maximum voltage of 100V and a maximum current of 1A.

[0064] The main technical indicators of the dam piping and leakage detector of this embodiment are shown in Table 1 below, and the technical indicators of the receiver are shown in Table 2 below:

[0065] Table 1 Transmitter technical indicators

[0066] Working waveform Pseudo-random waveform Frequency stability (Drift within 7h) better than 7×10-4 Output voltage 0V, 20V, 40V, 60V, 80V and 100V (6 levels adjustable) Output current ≤1A Working power supply External DC24V

[0067] Table 2 Receiver technical indicators

[0068]

[0069] Specifically, this embodiment arranges power supply electrode A at the leakage point of the drainage ditch behind the dam, and arranges power supply electrode B farther away from the reservoir area. A transmitter is used to send pseudo-random waves to establish an artificial electric field (transmitting voltage 96V, transmitting current 0.75A), and a ship-mounted receiver is used to conduct detection in the water area.

[0070] The survey line is roughly parallel to the dam body. There are 10 survey lines in total. Each survey line is about 400m long and the distance between survey lines is about 1-2m. The detection line is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the yellow dashed line is the pseudo-flow field measurement line, and the red solid line is the network parallel distributed leakage detector measurement line. Detection was conducted along the measurement line using the DLD-20 dam piping and leakage detector receiver, equipped with RTK positioning and track storage.

[0071] Furthermore, quality evaluation should be conducted. The quality evaluation of measurement results should be carried out in strict accordance with the water conservancy industry standard "Regulations for Detection of Hidden Dangers in Embankments" (SL436-2008) approved by the Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China, and meet the following requirements:

[0072] (1) The data collection is relatively complete;

[0073] (2) The relative error between the original observation and the check observation is less than 3%;

[0074] (3) When abnormal areas are discovered, multiple and intensive observations are required.

[0075] Specifically, in step S2, the network parallel distributed leakage hazard detection system is based on high-density electrical method, which takes the physical properties of geological bodies and the differences in electrical properties of geological structures of various rocks and ores, and the fact that the soil around the seepage channel has a large water content and its resistivity is significantly different from that of soil that has not been infiltrated by water. By observing the distribution of artificial electric fields and studying the spatial distribution laws and time characteristics to obtain apparent resistivity data, a geophysical exploration method of finite element inversion interpretation is performed. It has the effectiveness of both point profile method and electrical depth sounding method, and is mostly used in shallow and ultra-shallow engineering exploration. One measurement can determine the changes in the resistivity of the soil in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0076] The working principle of the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detection system is: a stable artificial electric field is created by connecting the electrodes A and B to the ground, and at the same time the potential difference in the underground electric field is observed at the observation electrodes M and N. The potential difference is converted into apparent resistivity through the ground electrode device coefficient and the power supply current. The principle of electrical detection is as follows: Figure 3 When the difference in dielectric conductivity is detected in the underground rock and soil, the geological body can be diagnosed and analyzed through these physical characteristics.

[0077] In this embodiment, the formula for calculating the apparent resistivity is:

[0078]

[0079] Where ρ is the apparent resistivity of the rock and soil, ΔV is the potential difference, I is the supply current, and K is the device coefficient.

[0080] When electrodes A and B input a current of intensity I into the ground on the surface of the measured soil, the apparent resistivity can be obtained by measuring the potential difference between the measuring electrodes M and N:

[0081]

[0082] in, is the device coefficient, AM, BM are the distances between the power supply electrodes A, B and the observation electrode M, AN, BN are the distances between the power supply electrodes A, B and the observation electrode N, ΔU MN is the potential difference between electrodes M and N.

[0083] Furthermore, the structure and working principle of the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detection system of this embodiment are as follows:

[0084] The network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detection system mainly consists of two parts: one is the data acquisition device, and the other is the data processing system.

[0085] When collecting data in the field, it is necessary to first study the number of devices and the arrangement of electrodes. According to different working area conditions, choose the appropriate arrangement spacing and arrangement, and arrange them in an orderly manner in the measurement area, such as Figure 3 During electrode laying, use multi-core cables to connect the electrodes and the device's electrode conversion switch in parallel. Lay the electrodes along the pre-determined route, taking care to avoid running the electrodes and cables close to the ground and avoiding steep terrain changes. After completing the above laying work, turn on the power supply and have the electrode conversion device receive and process the electrical signals.

[0086] The function of this device is to convert the geoelectric signal into the received numerical signal, and to organize and classify the data through professional engineering algorithms, and to classify and store the numerical values. In the actual field environment, the terrain changes are often more complex and changeable, and it is impossible to effectively avoid all interference. Therefore, in the received numerical signals, some numerical values with great deviations can always be found. Such unreasonable points can only be identified and analyzed manually. When it is indeed judged to be an unreasonable point, it needs to be manually eliminated. Finally, through computer simulation inversion work, a readable result map is generated. The above process is a brief process of field exploration and indoor interpretation of high-density electrical method. Figure 4 shown.

[0087] It's important to note that in this embodiment, the network-parallel distributed leakage detection system utilizes pre-buried electrode arrays to construct a multi-dimensional wiring network across the inner and outer dam surfaces, simultaneously locating internal structural hazards and tracking boundary leaks. The vertical survey lines cover the entire dam body and extend the monitoring area outward based on seepage characteristics. The horizontal survey lines are spaced based on dielectric electrical parameters and terrain characteristics.

[0088] Furthermore, data collection is performed, and the data collection is automatically acquired in real time by the measurement host. Its main advantages are:

[0089] High degree of automation and detection efficiency: data equivalent to several hours of other electrical instruments can be obtained in a few minutes, and the detection preparation time is extremely short;

[0090] Multiple acquisition parameters: One detection can obtain information such as natural potential, primary field, and secondary field; Large amount of collected data: including data from various devices and data with unequal spacing;

[0091] The signal-to-noise ratio of the collected signal is high: all measuring electrodes are powered once and measured synchronously to obtain the entire electric field signal, etc.

[0092] The network parallel distributed leakage hazard detection system of this embodiment greatly improves the on-site work efficiency and detection accuracy of leakage hazard detection, effectively improves the early warning and forecast of leakage hazards, and provides timely data support for emergency rescue and repair decision-making, which can achieve very good promotion and application effects and generate good economic benefits.

[0093] Specifically, in step S3, the pseudo-flow field method is combined with the detection results of the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detector to infer the seepage path, which includes the following sub-steps:

[0094] S301. Determine the seepage inlet location based on the pseudo-flow field method.

[0095] In this embodiment, the collected data is processed and analyzed, and a potential difference plane contour map is drawn using normal distribution statistics, with a potential difference of 1mV as the abnormal lower limit, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 shown.

[0096] 1) According to the potential difference plane contour map, it can be seen that the measurement area has a low potential difference as the background, and a high potential difference abnormality occurs locally. The anomaly is located at position J1 in the right dam abutment area, about 5-15m away from the water supply culvert. The abnormal area is distributed in an approximately elliptical shape.

[0097] 2) According to the detection results, the signal strength in the abnormal area J1 is 1.5mV-3mV, and the signal strength in the normal area is about 0.06-0.150mV.

[0098] 3) Based on the detection results from April 13th to 14th, the right bank electrode B1 of the reservoir was replaced with the left bank electrode B2 for retesting on April 15th. Again, only one abnormality was found at J1. Manual inspection of the abnormality revealed that the signal strength at the water supply culvert inlet was approximately 0.06mV (no abnormality), eliminating the possibility of false abnormality caused by drainage from the water supply culvert.

[0099] S302. Determine the seepage path inside the dam based on the network parallel distributed leakage hazard detector.

[0100] Based on the continuous measurement results, the leakage rate assessment profile was drawn, and it was speculated that there might be two seepage inlets in the seepage path, namely seepage inlet 1 and seepage inlet 2. Figure 6 shown.

[0101] S303. Combine the results of S301 and S302 to determine the final seepage path.

[0102] Combined with the analysis results of the pseudo-flow field method, the corrected seepage path is obtained, as shown in Figure 7 As shown, seepage inlet 1 is excluded and seepage inlet 2 is retained.

[0103] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting dam seepage paths by combining pseudo-flow field method and high-density electrical method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Using the pseudo-flow field method, arrange detection equipment in the leakage area of the dam to be tested to determine the location of the seepage entrance of the dam; S2. Using a network-parallel distributed leakage detection system, based on high-density electrical methods and pre-buried electrode arrays, a multi-dimensional wiring network is constructed on the inner and outer dam surfaces to determine the location of the leakage surface inside the dam; S3. Combine the pseudo-flow field method with the detection results of the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detector to infer the seepage path.

2. The method for detecting dam seepage paths by combining the pseudo-flow field method with the high-density electrical method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pseudo-flow field method described in step S1 is based on the resistivity difference between the leakage part of the dam and the normal dam body, and uses the similarity of the water flow field and the current field to establish an artificial current field to fit the leakage water flow field. Pseudo-random signal current is provided in the water outlet on the back water side and the water body on the front water side. By measuring the current field distribution in the water body, the distribution characteristics of the leakage water flow field are obtained, and the entrance position of the leakage channel is determined.

3. The method for detecting dam seepage paths by combining the pseudo-flow field method with the high-density electrical method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The detection equipment in step S1 includes: a transmitter for establishing a pseudo flow field, a power supply electrode A, a power supply electrode B, a receiver for measuring the pseudo flow field, and a probe; Power supply electrode A is placed at the outlet of the leakage point of the dam to be tested, and power supply electrode B is placed on the side of the water body far away from the leakage detection area. Power supply electrodes A and B are respectively connected to the transmitter with insulated wires. After the transmitter is powered, it transmits pseudo-random waves to establish an artificial pseudo-flow field in the dam and water area between power supply electrodes A and B. The receiver is placed on a boat, and the probe is placed in the water and moved along with the boat to conduct detection in the water area. The current field in the water is observed through the receiver. When the probe approaches the seepage inlet, the pseudo-flow field electric field intensity data collected by the receiver increases abnormally, and the location of the leakage channel entrance is obtained.

4. The method for detecting dam seepage paths by combining the pseudo-flow field method with the high-density electrical method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When detecting the entrance of the leakage channel, several survey lines parallel to the dam body are laid in the water, and the spacing between the survey lines is preset. A ship carrying a receiver sails along the survey line, and the dam piping leakage detector is used to perform RTK positioning, save the track, obtain the signal returned by the receiver, and conduct multiple and intensive observations in abnormal areas; The dam piping leakage detector comprises: a sending part and a receiving part; The receiving part adopts an embedded intelligent distributed structure, and the embedded intelligent industrial control computer controls, manages and communicates information to the acquisition unit, GPS positioning unit and depth measurement unit through wired means; The transmitting part is powered by an external DC device, controls the transmitter to transmit pseudo-random electric field signals, and controls the output voltage in steps.

5. The method for detecting dam seepage paths by combining the pseudo-flow field method with the high-density electrical method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The network parallel distributed leakage hazard detection system described in step S2 is based on the physical properties of geological bodies and the differences in electrical properties of various rock and mineral geological structures, as well as the difference in resistivity between the moisture content of soil around the seepage channel and the soil not infiltrated by water. By observing the distribution of artificial electric fields and studying the spatial distribution patterns and time characteristics, resistivity data is obtained, and finite element inversion interpretation is performed to obtain the horizontal and vertical resistivity changes of the soil through a single measurement.

6. The method for detecting dam seepage paths by combining the pseudo-flow field method with the high-density electrical method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detection system includes a data acquisition device and a data processing system. The data acquisition device includes: a ground electrode device, a measuring electrode device, and a multi-core cable; The data processing system includes: an electrode conversion device, a measurement host, and a data recording device.

7. The method for detecting dam seepage paths by combining the pseudo-flow field method with the high-density electrical method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step S2, the location of the leakage surface inside the dam is determined, which includes the following sub-steps: S2.

1. Deployment of data acquisition equipment: A multi-dimensional wiring network is constructed on the inner and outer dam surfaces by deploying pre-buried electrode arrays. Electrodes and electrode switches are connected in parallel using multi-core cables and laid out according to the predetermined laying route. The survey lines vertically cover the entire dam body, extending the monitoring area outward based on seepage characteristics. The horizontal survey line spacing is arranged based on the dielectric electrical parameters and terrain characteristics. S2.

2. Data Acquisition: After power is turned on, the electrode conversion device receives and processes electrical signals, converting the ground electrical signals into received numerical signals. The measurement host automatically collects data in real time, including detecting the natural potential, primary field, and secondary field signals, and measuring the signal-to-noise ratio of the collected signals. S2.3 Data processing: Data is sorted and classified through the data processing system, including data preprocessing, data graph analysis, data point elimination, and the classified data is stored in the data collection device; S2.

4. Calculate apparent resistivity: Calculate apparent resistivity of rock and soil using the coefficient of the deployed ground electrode device and the supply current, detect differences in dielectric conductivity in underground rock and soil, and perform diagnostic analysis on the geological body.

8. The method for detecting dam seepage paths by combining the pseudo-flow field method with the high-density electrical method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In step S2.4, the apparent resistivity is calculated as follows: S2.4.

1. Connect the ground power supply electrodes A and B to the ground to create an artificial electric field. At the same time, evenly space observation electrodes M and N between the ground power supply electrodes A and B, and set a measuring point between the observation electrodes M and N. S2.4.

2. Adjust the distance between the ground power supply electrodes A and B and the observation electrodes M and N. At the surface of the soil being measured, input a current of intensity I into the ground through the ground power supply electrodes A and B. S2.4.

3. Measure the potential difference between the observation electrodes M and N at the measuring point to obtain the apparent resistivity; S2.4.

4. Detect differences in dielectric conductivity in underground rock and soil masses and conduct diagnostic analysis of geological masses.

9. The method for detecting dam seepage paths by combining the pseudo-flow field method with the high-density electrical method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: In step S2.4.3, the calculation formula for apparent resistivity is: Where ρ is the apparent resistivity of the rock and soil, ΔV is the potential difference, I is the supply current, and K is the device coefficient; When the ground power supply electrodes A and B input a current of intensity I into the ground, the apparent resistivity between the observation electrodes M and N is: in, is the device coefficient, AM and BM are the distances between the ground power supply electrodes A and B and the observation electrode M, AN and BN are the distances between the ground power supply electrodes A and B and the observation electrode N, ΔU MN is the potential difference between the observation electrodes M and N.

10. The method for detecting dam seepage paths by combining the pseudo-flow field method with the high-density electrical method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the pseudo-flow field method is combined with the detection results of the network parallel distributed leakage hidden danger detector to infer the seepage path, which includes the following sub-steps: S301. Determine the seepage inlet location based on the pseudo-flow field method: The data collected by the dam piping and leakage detector is processed and analyzed. Based on the preset lower limit of the potential difference, a potential difference plane contour map is drawn using normal distribution statistics. False anomalies are eliminated based on the signal strength of the abnormal area to determine the location of the seepage entrance. S302. Determine the seepage path inside the dam based on the network parallel distributed leakage hazard detection system: Based on the continuous measurement results of the network parallel distributed leakage detection system, the leakage rate assessment profile is drawn to infer the possible seepage entrance locations in the seepage path; S303: Combine the results of steps S301 and S302 to determine the final seepage path.

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