Rotating ball device for teaching

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotating ball device for teaching, and relates to the technical field of teaching aids. The device comprises a driving assembly, the top of the driving assembly is fixedly connected with a ball assembly, and the surface of the ball assembly is bonded with an index line assembly through an adhesive. Directional rotation of the sphere is achieved through the driving assembly, the spiral relation between the current direction and the magnetic induction line in the ampere rule can be dynamically presented in combination with the spherical surface index line assembly and the internal magnet structure, and when the electrified copper rail generates annular current, an observer can observe the annular current through the center window of the transparent sphere. The law that the direction of a magnetic induction line of a sphere center changes along with current can be visually seen, the sphere rotates in cooperation with the sphere, three-dimensional spiral linkage of current-magnetic induction line is clearly shown, in Lorentz force teaching, when an external magnet is close to the surface of the sphere, spherical surface motion charge identification is in real-time linkage with the rotation direction of the sphere, and the teaching efficiency is improved. And the charge movement direction, the magnetic field direction and the stress direction are dynamically associated in a space vector form.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of teaching aids, and in particular relates to a ball rotating device for teaching. Background Art

[0002] In the field of electromagnetics teaching, Ampere's law, determining the direction of the Lorentz force, and explaining the laws of magnetic field distribution are important and somewhat challenging topics. Currently, traditional teaching methods have obvious shortcomings in demonstrating the relevant physical principles.

[0003] Existing methods for demonstrating Ampere's law often rely on simple current-carrying wires and small magnetic needles. These methods can only statically display the direction of the magnetic field in a local area, making it difficult to visually convey the spiral relationship between the circular current generated by the current-carrying copper rail and the magnetic flux lines. This prevents students from observing the dynamic effect of current flow on the direction of the magnetic flux lines, hindering their ability to develop a three-dimensional understanding of physics.

[0004] Teaching the direction of the Lorentz force often relies on theoretical explanations and students' memorization of the left-hand rule. There is a lack of effective tools that can dynamically link the directions of charge motion, magnetic field, and force. This makes it difficult for students to intuitively understand the spatial vector relationship between the three in practice, leading to errors in directional judgment when applying the method.

[0005] When it comes to teaching magnetic field distribution, especially when it comes to the combined effects of the magnetic field generated by permanent magnets and the Earth's magnetic field or other current magnetic fields, traditional teaching aids can only display the distribution of a single magnetic field and fail to clearly convey the combined effects of the interaction of different magnetic fields. This makes it difficult for students to understand the formation mechanism and distribution patterns of complex magnetic fields, increasing the difficulty of learning.

[0006] With the development of educational concepts and the increasing demand for teaching effectiveness, there is an urgent need for a teaching device that can dynamically, intuitively, and multi-dimensionally demonstrate the principles of electromagnetism. To this end, we provide a teaching ball rotating device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ball rotating device for teaching. Through the cooperation of the ball component, the indicator line component and the drive component, the problem in the existing technology that the teaching work cannot dynamically display the spiral relationship between current and magnetic flux lines in the Ampere's law demonstration, intuitively present the spatial connection of three directions in the judgment of the direction of Lorentz force, and clearly demonstrate the magnetic field superposition effect in the teaching of magnetic field distribution is solved.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0009] The present invention is a teaching ball rotating device, comprising a driving assembly, wherein the top of the driving assembly is fixedly connected to a ball assembly, the surface of the ball assembly is bonded with an indicator line assembly by an adhesive, the driving assembly comprises a driving motor, the output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft, the surface of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to a ratchet, one side of the ratchet is meshed with ratchet teeth, the other end of the ratchet teeth is movably connected to the top of the driving motor through a pin shaft, one side surface of the ratchet teeth is fixedly connected to a spring, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, the bottom of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driving motor, A limit post is provided on one side of the ratchet, and the bottom of the limit post is fixedly connected to the top of the drive motor. The sphere assembly includes an upper sphere, a lower sphere and a copper rail. The upper sphere, the lower sphere and the copper rail are movably connected by a snap buckle. The bottom of the lower sphere is fixedly connected to the surface of the transmission shaft. The top of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to a magnet bracket. The inner cavity of the magnet bracket is bonded with a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet by an adhesive. The inner walls of the upper sphere and the lower sphere are fixedly connected with an LED light bar. The indicator line assembly includes a magnetic flux line arrow group, a current direction identification group and a geographic coordinate grid applied to the surfaces of the upper sphere, the lower sphere and the copper rail.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the drive motor adopts a servo motor, and the drive assembly always rotates from west to east. The application of the servo motor ensures that the drive assembly rotates in a directional and stable manner, providing precise power support for dynamic demonstrations.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that a limiting groove is provided on the surface of the ratchet, and the limiting column is embedded in the inner cavity of the limiting groove. The cooperation between the limiting groove and the limiting column enhances the stability of the ratchet movement and avoids deviation during the driving process.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that a mounting hole is opened at the bottom of the lower sphere, and the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting hole by an adhesive. The bonding and fixing method of the mounting hole and the transmission shaft ensures a reliable connection between the sphere assembly and the drive assembly.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that buckle strips are integrally formed on the outer surfaces of the opposite ends of the upper sphere and the lower sphere, and buckle grooves for cooperating with the buckle strips are provided at the upper and lower ends of the copper rail surface. The snap-fit design of the buckle strips and the buckle grooves facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the sphere assembly, thereby improving the usability of the device.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the upper sphere and the lower sphere are made of transparent material, and the spheres made of transparent material facilitate an observer to clearly observe the internal magnetic field and the dynamics of the indicator line from any angle.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that the magnetic flux line arrow group includes an external radiation indicator line and an equatorial closed ring indicator line. The arrow direction of the external radiation indicator line points from the North Pole to the South Pole, and the arrow direction of the equatorial closed ring indicator line is counterclockwise. The external radiation and equatorial ring indicator lines respectively indicate the direction of the permanent magnet magnetic field and the current ring magnetic field, helping students distinguish between different magnetic field forms.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that the current direction identification group is distributed at equal distances along the circumference of the meridian, and the direction of the arrow points from the South Pole to the North Pole, with a "+" affixed next to the arrow. The current direction identification is distributed along the meridian, and the direction of the arrow and the "+" symbol clearly indicate the direction of movement of the positive charge, thereby avoiding direction confusion and strengthening the association between the current and the magnetic field.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that the geographic coordinate grid is a grid formed by interlacing longitude and latitude lines, and the geographic coordinate grid provides a spatial positioning reference, facilitates accurate positioning of physical quantity positions, and helps understand phenomena such as the superposition of magnetic fields in different regions.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that the NdFeB permanent magnet adopts an upper N and lower S distribution. The upper N and lower S design provides a basic magnetic field model for simulating the earth's magnetic field or the permanent magnet magnetic field, which is convenient for superposition demonstration with other magnetic fields.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0020] 1. The present invention achieves directional rotation of the sphere through a driving component. Combined with the spherical index line component and the internal magnetic structure, it can dynamically present the spiral relationship between the current direction and the magnetic flux lines in Ampere's law. When the energized copper rail generates a circular current, the observer can intuitively see the change of the direction of the magnetic flux lines at the center of the sphere with the current through the central window of the transparent sphere. In conjunction with the rotation of the sphere, the three-dimensional spiral linkage of "current-magnetic flux lines" is clearly displayed. In the teaching of Lorentz force, when the external magnet approaches the surface of the sphere, the spherical motion charge mark and the direction of sphere rotation are linked in real time, and the charge motion direction, magnetic field direction, and force direction are dynamically associated in the form of space vectors, avoiding the drawback of relying on abstract memory in traditional teaching, helping students establish a three-dimensional physical model of the "left-hand rule", and significantly improving the accuracy and intuitiveness of direction judgment.

[0021] 2. The NdFeB permanent magnet of the present invention forms a superimposed scene with the magnetic field of the external energized copper rail and the geomagnetic field. By rotating the sphere, the distribution and interaction of different magnetic fields in space can be clearly displayed. The magnetic flux line arrow group and the current direction identification group on the surface of the transparent sphere, combined with the LED light bar to illuminate the magnetic field path, transform the abstract magnetic field superposition into a visual dynamic trajectory. Students can intuitively observe the radiation characteristics of the permanent magnet magnetic field, the annular characteristics of the current magnetic field, and the combined effect of the superposition of the two. This effectively solves the limitation of traditional teaching aids that can only display a single magnetic field, provides an intuitive carrier for understanding the combined effect of the geomagnetic field and the current magnetic field, and reduces the difficulty of learning complex magnetic field principles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 The present invention is a three-dimensional diagram of a ball rotating device for teaching.

[0024] Figure 2 The figure is a top view of a ball rotating device for teaching.

[0025] Figure 3 The figure is a bottom view schematic diagram of a ball rotating device for teaching.

[0026] Figure 4 The figure is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a ball rotating device for teaching.

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the explosion of the ball assembly in a teaching ball-spinning device.

[0028] In the accompanying drawings: 1. Drive assembly; 11. Drive motor; 12. Drive shaft; 13. Ratchet; 14. Ratchet; 15. Spring; 16. Mounting plate; 17. Limit column; 2. Sphere assembly; 21. Upper sphere; 22. Lower sphere; 23. Copper rail; 24. Magnet bracket; 25. NdFeB permanent magnet; 26. LED light bar; 27. Mounting hole; 3. Indicator line assembly; 31. Magnetic flux line arrow group; 311. External radiation indicator line; 312. Equatorial plane closed ring indicator line; 32. Current direction identification group; 33. Geographic coordinate grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0030] Example 1 See also Figure 1-5The present invention is a teaching ball rotating device, comprising a driving assembly 1, a spherical assembly 2 being fixedly connected to the top of the driving assembly 1, an indicator line assembly 3 being bonded to the surface of the spherical assembly 2 by an adhesive, the driving assembly 1 comprising a driving motor 11, an output shaft of the driving motor 11 being fixedly connected to a transmission shaft 12, a ratchet 13 being fixedly connected to the surface of the transmission shaft 12, a ratchet 14 being meshed with one side of the ratchet 13, the other end of the ratchet 14 being movably connected to the top of the driving motor 11 by a pin, a spring 15 being fixedly connected to the surface of one side of the ratchet 14, the other end of the spring 15 being fixedly connected to a mounting plate 16, the bottom of the mounting plate 16 being fixedly connected to the bottom of the driving motor 11, and a ratchet 14 being provided on one side. The limit column 17, the bottom of the limit column 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the drive motor 11, the sphere assembly 2 includes an upper sphere 21, a lower sphere 22 and a copper rail 23, the upper sphere 21, the lower sphere 22 and the copper rail 23 are movably connected by a snap buckle, the bottom of the lower sphere 22 is fixedly connected to the surface of the transmission shaft 12, the top of the transmission shaft 12 is fixedly connected to a magnet bracket 24, the inner cavity of the magnet bracket 24 is bonded with a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 25 by an adhesive, the inner walls of the upper sphere 21 and the lower sphere 22 are fixedly connected with an LED light bar 26, and the indicator line assembly 3 includes a magnetic flux line arrow group 31, a current direction identification group 32 and a geographic coordinate grid 33 applied to the surfaces of the upper sphere 21, the lower sphere 22 and the copper rail 23.

[0031] Specifically: the ratchet 13, ratchet 14, spring 15 and limit column 17 cooperate to form a one-way intermittent drive structure to ensure that the spherical assembly 2 always rotates stably from west to east. The LED light bar 26 can illuminate the magnetic field path. In conjunction with external observation, the external radiation indicator line 311 and the equatorial closed ring indicator line 312 respectively indicate the direction of the magnetic field and the direction of the circular current magnetic flux lines, the current direction identification group 32 and the geographic coordinate grid 33, forming a visual identification system for multi-dimensional physical quantities. A fluorescent magnetic flux line identification is provided on the surface of the magnet bracket 24, which uses a closed loop arrow opposite to the external magnetic flux line arrow group 31 to clearly display The direction of the magnetic flux lines inside the magnet points from the S pole to the N pole. The optical magnetic flux lines are marked with a transparent fluorescent coating, which glows under the illumination of the LED light bar 26, forming an internal and external contrast with the solid arrows. When the copper rail 23 is energized to generate a circular current, the internal magnetic flux lines are enhanced in the following way: the LED light bar 26 switches to pulse mode, and flows and flashes along the magnetic flux line path of the magnet bracket 24. The external radiation indicator line 311 uses a solid arrow and the internal one uses a dotted arrow to form a space penetration effect. The surface of the copper rail 23 is integrally formed with sliding contacts. The teacher simulates the conductor cutting the magnetic flux lines by moving the contacts, and by sliding the contacts along the meridians, Trigger the LED light bar to flash along the latitude direction, showing the direction of the induced current (right-hand rule).

[0032] Example 2 See also Figure 1-5On the basis of the first embodiment, the driving motor 11 adopts a servo motor, the driving assembly 1 always rotates from west to east, the surface of the ratchet 14 is provided with a limit groove, the limit column 17 is embedded in the inner cavity of the limit groove, the bottom of the lower sphere 22 is provided with a mounting hole 27, the transmission shaft 12 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting hole 27 by an adhesive, the outer surface of the opposite end of the upper sphere 21 and the lower sphere 22 is integrally formed with a buckle strip, and the upper and lower ends of the surface of the copper rail 23 are provided with buckle grooves for matching the buckle strip. 2 is made of transparent material. The magnetic flux line arrow group 31 includes an external radiation indicator line 311 and an equatorial closed ring indicator line 312. The arrow direction of the external radiation indicator line 311 points from the North Pole to the South Pole, and the arrow direction of the equatorial closed ring indicator line 312 is counterclockwise. The current direction indicator group 32 is distributed equidistantly along the circumference of the meridian, and the arrow direction points from the South Pole to the North Pole. "+" is affixed to the arrow. The geographic coordinate grid 33 is a grid formed by interlacing longitude and latitude lines. The NdFeB permanent magnets 25 are distributed in an upper N-type and lower S-type distribution.

[0033] Specifically: The application of the servo motor ensures the directional and stable rotation of the drive component 1, providing precise power support for dynamic demonstrations. The cooperation between the limit groove and the limit column 17 enhances the stability of the movement of the ratchet 14 and avoids offset during the driving process. The bonding and fixing method of the mounting hole 27 and the transmission shaft 12 ensures the reliable connection between the spherical component 2 and the drive component 1. The snap-fit design of the buckle strip and the buckle groove facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the spherical component 2, improving the usability of the device. The sphere made of transparent material allows observers to clearly observe the internal magnetic field and indicator line dynamics from any angle. The external radiation and equatorial ring indicator lines indicate the direction of the permanent magnet magnetic field and the current ring magnetic field, respectively, helping students distinguish between different magnetic field forms. The current direction mark is distributed along the meridian. The arrow direction and the "+" symbol clearly indicate the direction of positive charge movement, avoid directional confusion, and strengthen the connection between current and magnetic field. The geographic coordinate grid 33 provides a spatial positioning reference, facilitates the precise positioning of physical quantities, and helps understand phenomena such as the superposition of magnetic fields in different regions. The upper N and lower S design provides a basic magnetic field model for simulating the geomagnetic field or permanent magnet magnetic field, which is convenient for demonstrations of superposition with other magnetic fields.

[0034] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: Demonstration of Ampere's law: the driving component 1 drives the sphere to rotate from west to east, the energized copper rail 23 generates a circular current, the current direction indicator group 32 on the surface of the sphere and the internal LED light bar 26 illuminate the current path, and the observer observes the direction of the magnetic flux lines at the center of the sphere through the central window. The sphere's rotation dynamically presents the spatial relationship of "current direction-flux line spiral"; Lorentz force direction determination: When an external magnet is placed close to the surface of a sphere, a magnetic field environment is simulated. The moving charge marker on the sphere rotates to indicate the direction of motion. Combined with the direction of the magnet's magnetic field, the change in the direction of the sphere's rotation visually demonstrates the left-hand rule spatial relationship between the direction of charge motion, magnetic field, and force. Magnetic field distribution teaching: The internal NdFeB permanent magnet 25 forms the basic magnetic field. Its external radiation index line 311 and the equatorial ring index line show the magnetic field distribution. When the sphere is rotated, the magnetic field of the energized copper rail 23 or the external geomagnetic field can be superimposed and displayed. The dynamic changes of the index line show the superposition effect and spatial distribution pattern of different magnetic fields.

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only the specific implementation methods described. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize the present invention.

Claims

1. A ball-turning device for teaching, comprising a driving assembly (1), characterized in that: The top of the driving component (1) is fixedly connected to a spherical component (2), and the surface of the spherical component (2) is bonded to an index wire component (3) via an adhesive; The driving assembly (1) includes a driving motor (11), an output shaft of the driving motor (11) is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft (12), a surface of the transmission shaft (12) is fixedly connected to a ratchet (13), one side of the ratchet (13) is meshed with a ratchet (14), the other end of the ratchet (14) is movably connected to the top of the driving motor (11) through a pin, a surface of one side of the ratchet (14) is fixedly connected to a spring (15), the other end of the spring (15) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (16), the bottom of the mounting plate (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driving motor (11), a limiting column (17) is provided on one side of the ratchet (14), and the bottom of the limiting column (17) is fixedly connected to the top of the driving motor (11); The sphere assembly (2) comprises an upper sphere (21), a lower sphere (22) and a copper rail (23), wherein the upper sphere (21), the lower sphere (22) and the copper rail (23) are movably connected via a snap fastener, the bottom of the lower sphere (22) is fixedly connected to the surface of the transmission shaft (12), the top of the transmission shaft (12) is fixedly connected to a magnet bracket (24), the inner cavity of the magnet bracket (24) is bonded with a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet (25) via an adhesive, and the inner walls of the upper sphere (21) and the lower sphere (22) are fixedly connected to an LED light bar (26); The indicator line assembly (3) comprises a magnetic flux line arrow group (31), a current direction identification group (32) and a geographic coordinate grid (33) applied to the surfaces of the upper sphere (21), the lower sphere (22) and the copper rail (23).

2. A teaching ball rotating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving motor (11) is a servo motor, and the driving component (1) always rotates from west to east.

3. The teaching ball rotating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting groove is provided on the surface of the ratchet (14), and the limiting column (17) is embedded in the inner cavity of the limiting groove.

4. The teaching ball rotating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting hole (27) is provided at the bottom of the lower sphere (22), and the transmission shaft (12) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting hole (27) via an adhesive.

5. The teaching ball rotating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Buckle strips are integrally formed on the outer surfaces of the opposite ends of the upper sphere (21) and the lower sphere (22), and buckle grooves for matching the buckle strips are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the surface of the copper rail (23).

6. The teaching ball rotating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper sphere (21) and the lower sphere (22) are made of transparent material.

7. The teaching ball rotating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic flux line arrow group (31) comprises an external radiation indicator line (311) and an equatorial closed ring indicator line (312), wherein the arrow direction of the external radiation indicator line (311) points from the North Pole to the South Pole, and the arrow direction of the equatorial closed ring indicator line (312) is counterclockwise.

8. The teaching ball rotating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current direction marking group (32) is distributed at equal distances along the circumference of the meridian, and the direction of the arrow points from the South Pole to the North Pole, with a "+" attached next to the arrow.

9. The teaching ball rotating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geographic coordinate grid (33) is a grid formed by interlacing longitude and latitude lines.

10. The teaching ball rotating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The NdFeB permanent magnet (25) is distributed in an upper N and lower S manner.

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