A cooling protection structure for new energy vehicle batteries

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicle batteries, and in particular to a cooling and protective structure for new energy vehicle batteries. It comprises a supporting frame, a protective shell is fixedly connected to the upper side of the supporting frame, the supporting frame and the protective shell together form a sealed shell and coolant is stored in the two, the supporting frame is fixedly connected to a telescopic frame that is mirrored and distributed in a linear array, batteries are placed in the telescopic frame, the protective shell is fixedly connected to a guide plate for guiding the battery near the battery, and the protective shell is fixedly connected to a first fixed seat. When a battery expands, the present invention drives the telescopic frame to move downward between the fixed frame and the bottom plate to achieve the effect of moving the heat source, thereby reducing the influence of the heat source on the remaining batteries, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation, and finally, the temporary storage of the expanded battery is achieved by sacrificing an independent cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicle batteries, and in particular to a cooling and protection structure for new energy vehicle batteries. Background Art

[0002] With the world paying increasing attention to environmental protection and sustainable energy development, new energy vehicles, as an important alternative to traditional fuel vehicles, are gradually realizing large-scale commercial applications. Among them, power batteries, as the core power source of new energy vehicles, their performance, life and safety directly determine the technical level and market competitiveness of the entire vehicle.

[0003] At present, common battery thermal management methods include air cooling, cold plate liquid cooling and immersion liquid cooling. Among them, immersion liquid cooling has gradually attracted attention from the industry because its cooling medium can directly contact the battery surface and has higher heat exchange efficiency. This technology completely immerses the battery module or single cell in non-conductive coolant, using the coolant to absorb and conduct heat, thereby achieving rapid cooling.

[0004] Although immersion liquid cooling has significant advantages in thermal management, it still faces a series of challenges in practical applications. For example, after the battery expands (the rupture of the solid electrolyte interface membrane triggers side reactions, producing gases such as hydrogen, methane, and CO2, which accumulate inside the battery cell and cause volume expansion), its contact area with the coolant in the immersion liquid cooling system is reduced. The physical gaps caused by the expansion (such as bulges on the battery surface) disrupt the uniform heat exchange between the coolant and the battery. Due to poor contact in local areas, heat cannot be dissipated in time, causing abnormal temperature rise, further aggravating the battery expansion phenomenon, and may even affect the normal heat dissipation and use of surrounding batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology, the present invention provides a cooling and protection structure for new energy vehicle batteries.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a cooling and protection structure for a new energy vehicle battery, including a carrying frame, a protective shell fixedly connected to the upper side of the carrying frame, the carrying frame and the protective shell together form a sealed shell and coolant is stored in the two, the carrying frame is fixedly connected to a telescopic frame that is mirrored and distributed in a linear array, batteries are placed in the telescopic frame, and the positions of the protective shell close to the batteries are fixedly connected to guide plates for guiding the batteries, the protective shell is fixedly connected to a first fixed seat, the first fixed seat is fixedly connected to a cooling component and a liquid pump and the two are connected, the cooling component is communicated with one side of the protective shell, the liquid pump is fixedly connected and connected to a liquid delivery pipe communicated with the other side of the protective shell, the lower side of the carrying frame is fixedly connected to a fixing frame, the lower side of the fixing frame is fixedly connected to a bottom plate, a liquid replenishing component for replenishing coolant between the carrying frame and the protective shell is provided on the protective shell, and an unlocking component for releasing the restriction on the battery is provided on the carrying frame.

[0007] Preferably, the fixing frame is fixedly connected to a curved plate located above the bottom plate, the curved plate is located in gaps between all the telescopic frames and the bottom plate, and a pressure sensor is provided in the fixing frame.

[0008] Preferably, the fluid replenishing assembly includes a liquid tank fixedly connected to the protective shell, a main pipe fixedly connected to the protective shell, the liquid tank is provided with a solenoid valve connected to the main pipe, and auxiliary pipes that are mirrored and distributed in a linear array are fixedly connected to the protective shell, all of the auxiliary pipes are fixedly connected to and connected to the main pipe, the auxiliary pipes are provided with liquid outlets, the auxiliary pipes correspond one-to-one to the batteries, and the liquid tank stores coolant.

[0009] Preferably, the supporting frame is fixed with support blocks that are mirrored and distributed in a linear array, and the support blocks correspond one-to-one to the batteries. One side of the support block is fixed with a strap, and the strap is wrapped around the guide plate adjacent to the battery and its edge side, and the other side of the support block is slidingly connected to the strap.

[0010] Preferably, the binding strap is provided with through holes distributed along an edge line array.

[0011] Preferably, the binding strap is located in the middle of the battery.

[0012] Preferably, the unlocking component includes a fixing frame that is distributed in a mirror image and is fixed to the supporting frame. The fixing frame is fixed with a second fixing seat distributed in a linear array. The second fixing seat corresponds one-to-one to the battery. The second fixing seat is slidably connected to a sliding frame. The sliding frame is fixed to one side of the adjacent strap that slides along the adjacent support block. The battery is provided with an elastic member, the elastic member is fixed to the adjacent fixing frame, and the sliding frame is fixed with a limit block for limiting the adjacent elastic member.

[0013] Preferably, the elastic member is a multi-stage elastic telescopic rod and is in a compressed state in its basic state. The limit block is used to limit the telescopic portion of the elastic member, and the telescopic portion of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the adjacent battery.

[0014] Preferably, there is a gap between the bottom plate and the arc-shaped plate, and gas exists in the gap.

[0015] Preferably, the fixing frame is fixed with a fixing net that is in contact with the upper side of the arc-shaped plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By adding an independent cavity to the battery pack, the present invention addresses the problem of a battery expanding in an immersion liquid cooling system, which results in a reduced contact area between the coolant and the battery, uneven heat exchange, and local overheating that exacerbates expansion and affects the heat dissipation and operating stability of surrounding batteries. Specifically, when a battery expands, the battery drives the telescopic frame downward to between the fixed frame and the bottom plate to achieve the effect of moving the heat source, thereby reducing the impact of the heat source on the remaining batteries and thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation. Finally, the independent cavity is sacrificed to achieve temporary storage of the expanded battery.

[0017] When a battery expands and moves downward, additional coolant is injected between the carrier frame and the protective shell during the movement of the battery. This fills the cavity lost by the battery movement and absorbs heat, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency, forming a cold flow cycle, and further enhancing the cooling effect.

[0018] When the vehicle encounters a raised obstacle on the ground during driving, the energy is absorbed by the bottom plate, and then by the air between the bottom plate and the curved plate. Finally, the mesh structure of the fixed net is used to achieve a multi-stage buffering effect of external energy, thereby improving the adaptability of the vehicle chassis to complex road conditions and the structural safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the protective shell of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the distribution of parts on the carrier frame of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the liquid tank and the main pipe of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A top view of the three-dimensional structure of the battery and the auxiliary tube of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the carrier frame of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the telescopic frame of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the fixing frame and the fixing net of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 A sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the support block of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the position relationship of the binding straps of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the fixing frame and the second fixing seat of the present invention.

[0030] Marked in the figure: 1-carrying frame, 2-protective shell, 3-telescopic frame, 4-guide plate, 5-battery, 6-first fixed seat, 7-cooling component, 701-liquid delivery pipe, 8-liquid pump, 9-fixed frame, 10-bottom plate, 11-arc plate, 12-fixed net, 13-liquid tank, 14-main pipe, 15-auxiliary pipe, 16-support block, 17-strap, 18-fixed frame, 19-second fixed seat, 20-sliding frame, 21-elastic member, 22-limiting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection and application of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A cooling and protection structure for new energy vehicle batteries, such as Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, it includes a carrier frame 1, a protective shell 2 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the carrier frame 1, a temperature sensor is set in the carrier frame 1 and the protective shell 2, the carrier frame 1 and the protective shell 2 together form a sealed shell and a coolant is stored in both, and the coolant can be a fluorinated liquid, the carrier frame 1 is fixed with a telescopic frame 3 distributed in a mirror image and in a linear array (the upper part of the telescopic frame 3 is fixed to the carrier frame 1), a battery 5 is placed in the telescopic frame 3, and a guide plate for guiding the battery 5 is fixed to the position of the protective shell 2 near the battery 5 4. There are four guide plates 4 on the same battery 5. The four guide plates 4 are respectively located at the four corners of adjacent batteries 5. The protective shell 2 is fixed with a first fixing seat 6. The first fixing seat 6 is fixed with a cooling member 7 and a liquid pump 8 and the two are connected. The cooling member 7 is connected to one side of the protective shell 2. The liquid pump 8 is fixed and connected to a liquid delivery pipe 701 connected to the other side of the protective shell 2. The lower side of the supporting frame 1 is fixed with a fixing frame 9. The lower side of the fixing frame 9 is fixed with a bottom plate 10. The protective shell 2 is provided with a support. A refilling component for replenishing coolant between the carrier frame 1 and the protective shell 2 is provided on the carrier frame 1, and an unlocking component for releasing the restriction on the battery 5 is provided. When the battery 5 is not expanded, the telescopic frame 3 is in a contracted state (the telescopic frame 3 can be made of a metal heat-conducting material). When the battery 5 is stored, the bottom of the battery 5 is in contact with the telescopic frame 3. The cooling component 7 can be an existing radiator. The cooling component 7 is connected to the right side of the protective shell 2. The liquid pump 8 is fixedly connected and connected to a liquid supply pipe 701 connected to the left side of the protective shell 2. The liquid pump 8 extracts the coolant in the protective shell 2 through the liquid supply pipe 701, so that the coolant enters the cooling component 7 through the liquid pump 8, and the cooling component 7 cools the coolant. There is a gap between the bottom plate 10 and all the telescopic frames 3. This gap is used to provide space for the battery 5 to move downward. When a battery 5 expands, the battery 5 drives the telescopic frame 3 to move downward (moving downward along the guide plate 4 during the movement of the battery 5) to realize the movement of the heat source, thereby reducing the impact of the heat source on the remaining batteries 5.

[0034] like Figure 8 As shown, the fixed frame 9 is fixedly connected to a curved plate 11 located above the bottom plate 10. The pressure sensor in the fixed frame 9 is used to monitor the pressure in the fixed frame 9. The curved plate 11 is located in the gap between all the telescopic frames 3 and the bottom plate 10. A pressure sensor is provided in the fixed frame 9. When a battery 5 expands, the telescopic frame 3 moves downward and increases the pressure in the fixed frame 9, thereby increasing the anti-collision performance of the fixed frame 9.

[0035] like Figures 1-4As shown, the liquid replenishing component includes a liquid tank 13 fixed to the protective shell 2, a main pipe 14 fixed to the protective shell 2, a solenoid valve connected to the main pipe 14 is provided in the liquid tank 13, and a mirror image and a straight array of auxiliary pipes 15 are fixed to the protective shell 2. All auxiliary pipes 15 are fixed to and connected to the main pipe 14, and the auxiliary pipes 15 are provided with a liquid outlet. The liquid outlet of the auxiliary pipe 15 faces downward, and there are multiple liquid outlets of the auxiliary pipe 15. The specific number can be adjusted according to actual conditions. The auxiliary pipes 15 correspond to the batteries 5 one by one. The liquid tank 13 stores coolant (in order to make the coolant in the liquid tank 13 Containing pressure, the structure inside the liquid tank 13 may be: a sealing slide is slidably connected to the liquid tank 13, a spring in a compressed state is fixedly connected to the sealing slide and the liquid tank 13, the coolant in the liquid tank 13 is on the side of the liquid tank 13 away from the spring, and a connecting hole is provided on the side of the liquid tank 13 close to the spring, which is used to enable the sealing slide in the liquid tank 13 to squeeze the coolant under the action of the spring, and after the battery 5 moves downward, the coolant enters the auxiliary pipe 15 from the main pipe 14). When the liquid outlet of the auxiliary pipe 15 sprays out the coolant, the carrier frame 1 and the protective shell 2 are replenished with liquid.

[0036] like Figure 5-Figure 7 and Figures 9-11 The carrier frame 1 is fixed with support blocks 16 that are mirrored and distributed in a linear array. The support blocks 16 correspond to the batteries 5 one by one. One side of the support block 16 is fixed with a strap 17 located in the middle of the battery 5 (because the middle of the battery 5 will expand outward first during the expansion of the battery 5, the strap 17 is placed in the middle of the battery 5 to facilitate timely grasp of the expansion degree of the battery 5). The strap 17 is provided with through holes distributed in a linear array along its edge to reduce the shielding area of ​​the battery 5 by the strap 17. The strap 17 is wrapped around the adjacent battery 5 and the guide plate 4 on its edge side to support The other side of the support block 16 is connected to the strap 17 in a limited sliding manner. The battery 5 is bound and fixed by the strap 17 to increase the stability of the battery 5. When in use, a buckle can be installed between the strap 17 and the adjacent support block 16. This buckle is used to fix the current position of the strap 17 when the battery 5 is not expanded, so that the strap 17 fits the battery 5. Before the battery 5 expands, the battery 5 expands and squeezes the strap 17. When the force of the battery 5 expansion is greater than the limiting force of the buckle on the strap 17, the buckle on the strap 17 fails, so that the strap 17 can be stretched open by the expanded battery 5.

[0037] like Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the unlocking component includes a mirror-distributed fixing frame 18 that is fixed to the carrying frame 1. The fixing frame 18 is fixed with a second fixing seat 19 distributed in a linear array. The second fixing seat 19 corresponds one-to-one to the battery 5. The second fixing seat 19 is slidably connected with a sliding frame 20. The sliding frame 20 is fixed to one side of the adjacent strap 17 that slides along the adjacent support block 16. The battery 5 is provided with an elastic member 21. The elastic member 21 is fixed to the adjacent fixing frame 18. The sliding frame 20 is fixed with a limiting block 22 for limiting the adjacent elastic member 21. The elastic member 21 is a multi-stage elastic telescopic rod and its basic state is compressed. The limiting block 22 is used to limit the telescopic part of the elastic member 21. When the limiting block 22 no longer limits the telescopic end of the adjacent elastic member 21, the telescopic end of the elastic member 21 drives the battery 5 to move downward, and the telescopic part of the elastic member 21 is fixed to the adjacent battery 5.

[0038] Working principle: When the vehicle is running normally, the liquid pump 8 extracts the coolant from the left side of the supporting frame 1 and the protective shell 2 through the liquid delivery pipe 701, and delivers the coolant to the cooling component 7. The cooling component 7 cools the coolant extracted by the liquid delivery pipe 701, and then delivers the cooled coolant from the right side of the supporting frame 1 and the protective shell 2 to the two. Through the above working process, the circulation cooling of the coolant is achieved.

[0039] In most cases, the battery 5 will expand before releasing a large amount of heat. This is one of the physical characteristics that precede thermal runaway or severe thermal anomaly. Taking the expansion process of the first battery 5 located on the front left side under abnormal working conditions as an example, the battery 5 props up the strap 17 during the expansion process, so that the side of the strap 17 fixed to the adjacent sliding frame 20 slides along the adjacent support block 16. During this process, the strap 17 drives the adjacent sliding frame 20 to slide to the right along the adjacent second fixing seat 19, and the second fixing seat 19 drives the adjacent limit block 22 to move synchronously, so that the limit block 22 no longer limits the telescopic end of the adjacent elastic member 21. After the telescopic end of the elastic member 21 is released from the limit, it pushes the battery 5 downward (the middle part of the battery 5 is separated from the contact with the strap 17 during the downward movement), thereby achieving the effect of moving the heat source.

[0040] As the battery 5 moves downward, it drives the lower portion of the telescopic frame 3 to move synchronously, gradually stretching the telescopic frame 3. After being stretched, the lower portion of the telescopic frame 3 enters the fixed frame 9, increasing the pressure in the fixed frame 9. At this time, the pressure sensor in the fixed frame 9 transmits an electric signal via the on-board terminal to the solenoid valve on the liquid storage tank 13, causing the solenoid valve to open. The liquid storage tank 13 then directs the coolant in the liquid storage tank 13 through the solenoid valve to the main pipe 14. The main pipe 14 directs the coolant to the auxiliary pipe 15, and then the liquid outlet of the auxiliary pipe 15 directs the coolant to the carrier frame 1 and the protective shell 2, thereby absorbing heat, improving heat exchange efficiency, forming a cold flow cycle, and enhancing the cooling efficiency of the battery 5.

[0041] Through the above process, the power of the cooling component 7 and the liquid pump 8 is increased, and time is given for both to deal with the abnormal temperature increase (when the pressure in the fixed frame 9 increases, the power signal is transmitted to the solenoid valve on the liquid tank 13 through the on-board terminal, and then the power signal is transmitted to the cooling component 7 and the liquid pump 8, thereby increasing the power in the cooling component 7 and the liquid pump 8. When the temperature in the supporting frame 1 and the protective shell 2 maintains the normal working level, the cooling component 7 and the liquid pump 8 return to the normal working level, and the solenoid valve on the liquid tank 13 is closed).

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment provides a cooling protection structure for a new energy vehicle, which provides a function of protecting the bottom of the vehicle based on the first embodiment.

[0044] like Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, there is a gap between the bottom plate 10 and the curved plate 11, and there is gas in the gap. The fixed frame 9 is fixed with a fixed net 12 that fits the upper side of the curved plate 11. When the bottom plate 10 is subjected to external impact, it undergoes controllable deformation to absorb the initial energy. Subsequently, the air chamber formed between the bottom plate 10 and the curved plate 11 further absorbs the remaining impact energy through gas compression. Finally, the external force that is not completely absorbed will be transmitted to the fixed net 12 structure, and its mesh distribution form can achieve effective dispersion and release of pressure.

[0045] Working principle: When a vehicle encounters a raised obstacle on the ground during driving, the bottom plate 10 first contacts the raised part of the ground. If the extrusion force applied to the bottom plate 10 exceeds the stress limit that its material can withstand, the bottom plate 10 will undergo local concave deformation upward, compressing the gas in the closed cavity formed between it and the upper curved plate 11, thereby achieving initial absorption of the impact energy. As the bottom plate 10 continues to deform, the extrusion force it can absorb reaches the upper limit. The remaining extrusion force that is not absorbed will be borne jointly by the bottom plate 10 and the curved plate 11, and further transmitted to the fixed net 12. The fixed net 12 disperses and releases the transmitted extrusion force through its own mesh structure distribution characteristics, so as to achieve a multi-level buffering protection effect.

[0046] The above embodiments are provided for persons familiar with the art to implement or use the present invention. Persons familiar with the art may make various modifications or changes to the above embodiments without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling and protective structure for new energy vehicle batteries, characterized in that: The invention comprises a carrying frame (1), a protective shell (2) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the carrying frame (1), the carrying frame (1) and the protective shell (2) together form a sealed shell and coolant is stored in the two, the carrying frame (1) is fixedly connected to a telescopic frame (3) that is mirror-imaged and distributed in a linear array, a battery (5) is placed in the telescopic frame (3), the protective shell (2) is fixedly connected to a guide plate (4) for guiding the battery (5) at a position close to the battery (5), the protective shell (2) is fixedly connected to a first fixing seat (6), the first fixing seat (6) is fixedly connected to a cooling member (7) ) and a liquid pump (8) and the two are connected, the cooling component (7) is connected to one side of the protective shell (2), the liquid pump (8) is fixedly connected and connected to a liquid delivery pipe (701) connected to the other side of the protective shell (2), the lower side of the supporting frame (1) is fixedly connected to a fixed frame (9), the lower side of the fixed frame (9) is fixedly connected to a bottom plate (10), the protective shell (2) is provided with a liquid replenishing component for replenishing coolant between the supporting frame (1) and the protective shell (2), and the supporting frame (1) is provided with an unlocking component for releasing the restriction on the battery (5); The fixed frame (9) is fixedly connected to a curved plate (11) located above the bottom plate (10), the curved plate (11) being located in the gap between all the telescopic frames (3) and the bottom plate (10), and a pressure sensor is provided in the fixed frame (9); The rehydration assembly includes a liquid tank (13) fixedly connected to the protective shell (2), a main pipe (14) fixedly connected in the protective shell (2), and a solenoid valve connected to the main pipe (14) provided in the liquid tank (13). The pressure sensor in the fixed frame (9) transmits the power signal to the solenoid valve on the liquid tank (13) via the vehicle terminal. A mirror-imaged and linear arrayed auxiliary pipes (15) are fixedly connected in the protective shell (2), and all the auxiliary pipes (15) are fixedly connected to and connected with the main pipe (14). The auxiliary pipes (15) are provided with liquid outlets, and the auxiliary pipes (15) correspond one-to-one to the batteries (5). Cooling liquid is stored in the liquid tank (13); The carrier frame (1) is fixedly connected to support blocks (16) that are mirror images and distributed in a linear array, the support blocks (16) corresponding to the batteries (5) one by one, a strap (17) is fixedly connected to one side of the support block (16), the strap (17) is wound around the guide plate (4) adjacent to the battery (5) and its edge side, and the other side of the support block (16) is connected to the strap (17) in a limited sliding manner; The unlocking component includes a fixing frame (18) that is mirror-distributed and fixed to the supporting frame (1), the fixing frame (18) is fixed to a second fixing seat (19) distributed in a linear array, the second fixing seat (19) corresponds to the battery (5) one by one, the second fixing seat (19) is slidably connected to a sliding frame (20), the sliding frame (20) is fixed to the side of the adjacent strap (17) sliding along the adjacent support block (16), the battery (5) is provided with an elastic member (21), the elastic member (21) is fixed to the adjacent fixing frame (18), and the sliding frame (20) is fixed to a limit block (22) for limiting the adjacent elastic member (21).

2. A cooling and protective structure for a new energy vehicle battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The binding belt (17) is provided with through holes distributed along an edge line array.

3. A cooling and protective structure for a new energy vehicle battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The binding strap (17) is located in the middle of the battery (5).

4. A cooling and protective structure for a new energy vehicle battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member (21) is a multi-stage elastic telescopic rod and is in a compressed state in its basic state. The limiting block (22) is used to limit the telescopic portion of the elastic member (21). The telescopic portion of the elastic member (21) is fixedly connected to the adjacent battery (5).

5. The cooling and protective structure for a new energy vehicle battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a gap between the bottom plate (10) and the curved plate (11), and gas exists in the gap.

6. A cooling and protective structure for a new energy vehicle battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing frame (9) is fixedly connected with a fixing net (12) that is in contact with the upper side of the arc-shaped plate (11).

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