Method and apparatus in wireless communication system

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and apparatus in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: receiving a synchronization signal, the synchronization signal comprising a third synchronization signal, the third synchronization signal being a synchronization signal having a different time domain position from a first synchronization signal and a second synchronization signal; and receiving and / or transmitting a signal and / or a channel based on the synchronization signals, in which the first synchronization signal comprises a first synchronization signal in a frame or communication process corresponding to the first synchronization signal, and the second synchronization signal comprises a synchronization signal whose time domain position is related to at least one load channel, at least one load channel is located in the frame or communication process, and wherein the frame or communication process corresponding to the third synchronization signal is the same as the frame or communication process corresponding to the first synchronization signal and / or the second synchronization signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more particularly, to a method and device in a wireless communication system. Background Art

[0002] To meet the increased demand for wireless data communication services since the deployment of 4G communication systems, efforts have been made to develop improved 5G or quasi-5G communication systems. Therefore, 5G or quasi-5G communication systems are also referred to as "beyond 4G networks" or "post-LTE systems."

[0003] 5G communication systems are implemented in higher-frequency (millimeter wave, mmWave) bands, such as the 60 GHz band, to achieve higher data rates. To reduce radio wave propagation losses and increase transmission distances, 5G communication systems utilize technologies such as beamforming, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, analog beamforming, and massive antennas.

[0004] In addition, in the 5G communication system, system network improvements are being developed based on advanced small cells, cloud radio access networks (RAN), ultra-dense networks, device-to-device (D2D) communications, wireless backhaul, mobile networks, collaborative communications, coordinated multi-point (CoMP), and receiving-end interference cancellation.

[0005] In 5G systems, hybrid FSK and QAM modulation (FQAM) and sliding window superposition coding (SWSC) have been developed as advanced coding modulation (ACM), as well as filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and sparse code multiple access (SCMA) as advanced access technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method performed by a first node in a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: receiving a synchronization signal, the synchronization signal including a third synchronization signal, the third synchronization signal being a synchronization signal having a time domain position different from that of the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal; and receiving and / or sending signals and / or channels based on the synchronization signal, wherein the first synchronization signal includes the first synchronization signal in a frame or communication process corresponding to the first synchronization signal, the second synchronization signal includes a synchronization signal whose time domain position is related to at least one load channel, the at least one load channel being located in the frame or the communication process, and wherein the frame or communication process corresponding to the third synchronization signal is the same as the frame or communication process corresponding to the first synchronization signal and / or the second synchronization signal.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal includes at least one of: a synchronization signal transmitted at the start position of the frame; a synchronization signal transmitted at the start position in the communication process; a synchronization signal transmitted at the start position and / or before the broadcast channel; and a synchronization signal used for initial synchronization.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second synchronization signal includes at least one of: a synchronization signal transmitted before at least one payload channel; and a synchronization signal transmitted at a starting position of at least one payload channel.

[0009] In some embodiments, the third synchronization signal includes at least one of: a synchronization signal transmitted in the middle of a load channel; a synchronization signal transmitted between two load channels; and a synchronization signal transmitted at a time domain position determined based on a preset timing relationship.

[0010] In some embodiments, the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: at least one combination of at least one signal in a first state and at least one signal in a second state; at least one sequence consisting of payload codewords; and at least one signal corresponding to N information bits, where N is a positive integer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the combination or sequence or information bits contained in the synchronization signal is determined based on at least one of the following information: information about the UE; information about the channel type of the load channel corresponding to the synchronization signal; information about the purpose of the frame and / or communication process corresponding to the synchronization signal; and information about the channel type of at least one load channel included in the frame and / or communication process corresponding to the synchronization signal.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal includes multiple combinations and / or multiple sequences, and the second synchronization signal and / or the third synchronization signal is at least one of the multiple combinations and / or at least one of the multiple sequences.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal includes at least one combination and / or at least one sequence, and the second synchronization signal and / or the third synchronization signal is a part of the waveform of the synchronization signal corresponding to the at least one combination and / or a part of the waveform of the synchronization signal corresponding to the at least one sequence.

[0014] In some embodiments, the combination or sequence or information bits included in the second synchronization signal and / or the third synchronization signal is a superset of the first synchronization signal.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first synchronization signal includes N1 combinations and / or N1 sequences, the second synchronization signal and / or the third synchronization signal includes N2 combinations and / or N2 sequences, and wherein the N2 combinations and / or N2 sequences include the N1 combination and / or N1 sequence, wherein N1 and N2 are integers and N2>N1.

[0016] In some embodiments, the synchronization signal is transmitted in a repeated form.

[0017] In some embodiments, the synchronization signal is transmitted in a repeated form including at least one of the following forms: there is no load channel or fourth synchronization signal corresponding to the synchronization signal between the synchronization signals; and there is a load channel and / or a fourth synchronization signal corresponding to the synchronization signal between the synchronization signals, wherein the fourth synchronization signal is a synchronization signal different from the synchronization signal.

[0018] In some embodiments, when the third synchronization signal is a synchronization signal transmitted in the middle of a bearer channel, a first indicator exists before the third synchronization signal, and / or a second indicator exists after the third synchronization signal.

[0019] In some embodiments, the synchronization signal transmitted at the time domain position determined based on a preset timing relationship includes at least one of the following: a synchronization signal transmitted within a time window of length T starting from a reference time point; a synchronization signal transmitted within a time window of length T starting from a reference time point, wherein the first synchronization signal and / or the second synchronization signal does not exist in the time window; a synchronization signal transmitted after a time window of length T or at least T, or every time window of length T or at least T.

[0020] In some embodiments, the third synchronization signal is a synchronization signal transmitted in the middle of a payload channel, wherein the duration of the payload channel exceeds T.

[0021] In some embodiments, the reference time point includes at least one of: the starting position of the frame or the communication process; the starting position and / or ending position of at least one first synchronization signal; the starting position and / or ending position of at least one second synchronization signal; the starting position and / or ending position of another or the previous or preceding third synchronization signal; and the starting position and / or ending position of at least one downlink signal and / or channel.

[0022] In some embodiments, when the UE sends and / or receives a signal or channel, the length of the information bits corresponding to the signal or channel does not exceed N, where N is an integer greater than 0.

[0023] In some implementations, the N is determined based on the capabilities of the UE.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method performed by a first node in a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: sending a synchronization signal, the synchronization signal including a third synchronization signal, the third synchronization signal being a synchronization signal with a time domain position different from that of the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal; and receiving and / or sending signals and / or channels based on the synchronization signal, wherein the first synchronization signal includes the first synchronization signal in a frame or communication process corresponding to the first synchronization signal, the second synchronization signal includes a synchronization signal whose time domain position is related to at least one load channel, the at least one load channel is located in the frame or the communication process, and wherein the frame or communication process corresponding to the third synchronization signal is the same as the frame or communication process corresponding to the first synchronization signal and / or the second synchronization signal.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first node includes user equipment (UE).

[0026] In some embodiments, the first node is a first intermediate node.

[0027] In some embodiments, the method further includes: detecting whether a signal and / or channel sent by a second intermediate node is received; and if the signal and / or channel is received, sending at least one of the following to the base station: an identification ID of the second intermediate node, and a resource location of the signal and / or channel.

[0028] In some embodiments, the method further includes: detecting whether a signal and / or channel sent by a second intermediate node is received; and if the signal and / or channel is received, sending at least one of the following to the second intermediate node: an identification ID of the intermediate node, an ID of the second intermediate node, and a resource location of the signal and / or channel.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device in a wireless communication system is provided, including: a transceiver; and a controller coupled to the transceiver and configured to execute the aforementioned method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating an example wireless network according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0032] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Example wireless transmit and receive paths according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown;

[0033] Figure 3a An example user equipment (UE) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0034] Figure 3b An example gNB according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0035] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a method performed by a first node according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0036] Figure 5 A diagram illustrating a synchronization signal transmitted in a physical layer frame structure (or communication process) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 6a-6b A diagram illustrating a synchronization signal transmitted in a repetitive manner according to various embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 7a-7c A diagram illustrating a synchronization signal transmitted in a repetitive manner according to various embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 8 shows a block diagram of a UE according to various embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0040] Figure 9 A block diagram of an intermediate node according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, is provided to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the various embodiments of the present disclosure as defined by the claims and their equivalents. This description includes various specific details to facilitate understanding but should be considered as illustrative only. Therefore, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the various embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known functions and structures may be omitted for the sake of clarity and conciseness.

[0042] The terms and expressions used in the following description and claims are not limited to their dictionary meanings, but are merely used by the inventor to enable a clear and consistent understanding of the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following description of various embodiments of the present disclosure is provided for illustration purposes only and not for the purpose of limiting the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0043] It will be understood that the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to "a component surface" includes reference to one or more of such surfaces.

[0044] The terms "include" or "may include" refer to the presence of the corresponding disclosed functions, operations, or components that can be used in various embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than limiting the presence of one or more additional functions, operations, or features. In addition, the terms "include" or "have" can be interpreted as indicating certain characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof, but should not be interpreted as excluding the possibility of the presence of one or more other characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0045] The term "or" used in various embodiments of the present disclosure includes any of the listed terms and all combinations thereof. For example, "A or B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical or scientific terms) used in this disclosure have the same meaning as understood by those skilled in the art described in this disclosure. Common terms as defined in dictionaries are interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context in the relevant technical field and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner unless explicitly defined in this disclosure.

[0047] Figure 1 An example wireless network 100 is shown in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 1 The embodiment of the wireless network 100 shown in FIGURE 1 is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the wireless network 100 can be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0048] Wireless network 100 includes gNodeB (gNB) 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103. gNB 101 communicates with gNB 102 and gNB 103. gNB 101 also communicates with at least one Internet Protocol (IP) network 130, such as the Internet, a private IP network, or other data network.

[0049] Depending on the network type, other well-known terms such as "base station" or "access point" can be used instead of "gNodeB" or "gNB." For convenience, the terms "gNodeB" and "gNB" are used in this patent document to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access to remote terminals. Also, depending on the network type, other well-known terms such as "mobile station," "subscriber station," "remote terminal," "wireless terminal," or "user device" can be used instead of "user equipment" or "UE." For convenience, the terms "user equipment" and "UE" are used in this patent document to refer to a remote wireless device that wirelessly accesses a gNB, whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile phone or smartphone) or what is typically considered a stationary device (such as a desktop computer or vending machine).

[0050] gNB 102 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 for a first plurality of user equipment (UEs) within gNB 102's coverage area 120. The first plurality of UEs includes: UE 111, which may be located in a small business (SB); UE 112, which may be located in an enterprise (E); UE 113, which may be located in a WiFi hotspot (HS); UE 114, which may be located in a first residence (R); UE 115, which may be located in a second residence (R); and UE 116, which may be a mobile device (M) such as a cellular phone, wireless laptop, or wireless PDA. gNB 103 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 for a second plurality of UEs within gNB 103's coverage area 125. The second plurality of UEs includes UE 115 and UE 116. In some embodiments, one or more of gNBs 101-103 may be capable of communicating with each other and with UEs 111-116 using 5G, Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-A, WiMAX, or other advanced wireless communication technologies.

[0051] The dashed lines illustrate the approximate extents of coverage areas 120 and 125, which are shown as approximately circular for purposes of illustration and explanation only. It should be clearly understood that coverage areas associated with gNBs, such as coverage areas 120 and 125, can have other shapes, including irregular shapes, depending on the configuration of the gNB and variations in the radio environment associated with natural and man-made obstacles.

[0052] As described in more detail below, one or more of gNB 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103 include a 2D antenna array as described in embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, one or more of gNB 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103 supports codebook design and structure for systems with 2D antenna arrays.

[0053] although Figure 1 One example of a wireless network 100 is shown, but Figure 1 Various changes may be made. For example, wireless network 100 can include any number of gNBs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. Furthermore, gNB 101 can communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide those UEs with wireless broadband access to network 130. Similarly, each gNB 102-103 can communicate directly with network 130 and provide UEs with direct wireless broadband access to network 130. Furthermore, gNBs 101, 102, and / or 103 can provide access to other or additional external networks, such as an external telephone network or other type of data network.

[0054] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Example wireless transmit and receive paths according to the present disclosure are shown. In the following description, transmit path 200 can be described as being implemented in a gNB (such as gNB 102), while receive path 250 can be described as being implemented in a UE (such as UE 116). However, it should be understood that receive path 250 can be implemented in a gNB and transmit path 200 can be implemented in a UE. In some embodiments, receive path 250 is configured to support codebook design and structure for systems with 2D antenna arrays as described in embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0055] The transmit path 200 includes a channel coding and modulation block 205, a serial-to-parallel (S-to-P) block 210, an N-point inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block 215, a parallel-to-serial (P-to-S) block 220, an add cyclic prefix block 225, and an upconverter (UC) 230. The receive path 250 includes a downconverter (DC) 255, a remove cyclic prefix block 260, a serial-to-parallel (S-to-P) block 265, an N-point fast Fourier transform (FFT) block 270, a parallel-to-serial (P-to-S) block 275, and a channel decoding and demodulation block 280.

[0056] In the transmit path 200, the channel coding and modulation block 205 receives a set of information bits, applies coding (such as low-density parity check (LDPC) coding), and modulates the input bits (such as using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)) to generate a sequence of frequency-domain modulation symbols. The serial-to-parallel (S-to-P) block 210 converts (e.g., demultiplexes) the serial modulation symbols into parallel data to generate N parallel symbol streams, where N is the number of IFFT / FFT points used in the gNB 102 and UE 116. The N-point IFFT block 215 performs an IFFT operation on the N parallel symbol streams to generate a time-domain output signal. The parallel-to-serial block 220 converts (e.g., multiplexes) the parallel time-domain output symbols from the N-point IFFT block 215 to generate a serial time-domain signal. The add cyclic prefix block 225 inserts a cyclic prefix into the time-domain signal. The upconverter 230 modulates (such as upconverts) the output of the add cyclic prefix block 225 to an RF frequency for transmission via a wireless channel. The signal can also be filtered at baseband before being converted to an RF frequency.

[0057] The RF signal transmitted from gNB 102 arrives at UE 116 after traversing the wireless channel. UE 116 performs operations that are the inverse of those performed at gNB 102. Downconverter 255 downconverts the received signal to baseband frequency, and cyclic prefix removal block 260 removes the cyclic prefix to generate a serial time-domain baseband signal. Serial-to-parallel block 265 converts the time-domain baseband signal into parallel time-domain signals. N-point FFT block 270 performs an FFT algorithm to generate N parallel frequency-domain signals. Parallel-to-serial block 275 converts the parallel frequency-domain signals into a sequence of modulated data symbols. Channel decoding and demodulation block 280 demodulates and decodes the modulated symbols to recover the original input data stream.

[0058] Each of gNBs 101-103 may implement a transmit path similar to 200 for transmitting in the downlink to UEs 111-116 and may implement a receive path similar to 250 for receiving in the uplink from UEs 111-116. Similarly, each of UEs 111-116 may implement a transmit path 200 for transmitting in the uplink to gNB 101-103 and may implement a receive path 250 for receiving in the downlink from gNB 101-103.

[0059] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Each of the components in can be implemented using hardware alone, or a combination of hardware and software / firmware. As a specific example, Figure 2a and Figure 2bAt least some of the components in the embodiment may be implemented in software, while other components may be implemented in configurable hardware or a mixture of software and configurable hardware. For example, FFT block 270 and IFFT block 215 may be implemented as configurable software algorithms, wherein the value of the number of points N may be modified according to the implementation.

[0060] Furthermore, although described as using FFT and IFFT, this is illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Other types of transforms can be used, such as discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) functions. It should be understood that for DFT and IDFT functions, the value of the variable N can be any integer (such as 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.), while for FFT and IFFT functions, the value of the variable N can be any integer that is a power of 2 (such as 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc.).

[0061] although Figure 2a and Figure 2b Examples of wireless transmit and receive paths are shown, but Figure 2a and Figure 2b Make various changes. For example, Figure 2a and Figure 2b The various components in can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added according to specific needs. Figure 2a and Figure 2b It is intended to illustrate examples of the types of transmit and receive paths that can be used in a wireless network. Any other suitable architecture can be used to support wireless communications in a wireless network.

[0062] Figure 3a An example UE 116 is shown in accordance with the present disclosure. Figure 3a The embodiment of UE 116 shown in FIGURE 1 is for illustration only, and Figure 1 UEs 111-115 can have the same or similar configurations. However, UEs have a variety of configurations, and Figure 3a The scope of this disclosure is not limited to any particular implementation of the UE.

[0063] UE 116 includes an antenna 305, a radio frequency (RF) transceiver 310, transmit (TX) processing circuitry 315, a microphone 320, and receive (RX) processing circuitry 325. UE 116 also includes a speaker 330, a processor / controller 340, an input / output (I / O) interface 345, input device(s) 350, a display 355, and memory 360. Memory 360 includes an operating system (OS) 361 and one or more applications 362.

[0064] RF transceiver 310 receives incoming RF signals from antenna 305, transmitted by a gNB of wireless network 100. RF transceiver 310 downconverts the incoming RF signals to generate an intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband signal. The IF or baseband signal is sent to RX processing circuitry 325, which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. RX processing circuitry 325 sends the processed baseband signal to speaker 330 (such as for voice data) or to processor / controller 340 (such as for web browsing data) for further processing.

[0065] The TX processing circuit 315 receives analog or digital voice data from the microphone 320, or other outgoing baseband data (such as network data, email, or interactive video game data) from the processor / controller 340. The TX processing circuit 315 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. The RF transceiver 310 receives the outgoing processed baseband or IF signal from the TX processing circuit 315 and up-converts the baseband or IF signal to an RF signal that is transmitted via the antenna 305.

[0066] The processor / controller 340 can include one or more processors or other processing devices and execute an OS 361 stored in the memory 360 to control the overall operation of the UE 116. For example, the processor / controller 340 can control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals through the RF transceiver 310, the RX processing circuitry 325, and the TX processing circuitry 315 in accordance with well-known principles. In some embodiments, the processor / controller 340 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0067] Processor / controller 340 is also capable of executing other processes and programs residing in memory 360, such as operations for channel quality measurement and reporting for systems with 2D antenna arrays as described in embodiments of the present disclosure. Processor / controller 340 is capable of moving data into or out of memory 360 as required by the executed processes. In some embodiments, processor / controller 340 is configured to execute application 362 based on OS 361 or in response to signals received from a gNB or operator. Processor / controller 340 is also coupled to I / O interface 345, which provides UE 116 with the ability to connect to other devices such as laptops and handheld computers. I / O interface 345 serves as a communication path between these accessories and processor / controller 340.

[0068] Processor / controller 340 is also coupled to input device(s) 350 and display 355. An operator of UE 116 can input data into UE 116 using input device(s) 350. Display 355 can be a liquid crystal display or other display capable of presenting text and / or at least limited graphics (such as from a website). Memory 360 is coupled to processor / controller 340. A portion of memory 360 can include random access memory (RAM), while another portion of memory 360 can include flash memory or other read-only memory (ROM).

[0069] although Figure 3a An example of a UE 116 is shown, but it is possible to Figure 3a Make various changes. For example, Figure 3a The various components in can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added according to specific needs. As a specific example, processor / controller 340 can be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). Moreover, although Figure 3a The UE 116 is shown configured as a mobile phone or smartphone, but the UE can be configured to operate as other types of mobile or stationary devices.

[0070] Figure 3b An example gNB 102 according to the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3b The embodiment of the gNB 102 shown in FIGURE 1 is for illustration only, and Figure 1 Other gNBs can have the same or similar configurations. However, gNBs have a variety of configurations, and Figure 3b The scope of this disclosure is not limited to any particular implementation of a gNB. It should be noted that gNB 101 and gNB 103 can include the same or similar structure as gNB 102.

[0071] like Figure 3b As shown in FIG, gNB 102 includes multiple antennas 370a-370n, multiple RF transceivers 372a-372n, transmit (TX) processing circuitry 374, and receive (RX) processing circuitry 376. In some embodiments, one or more of the multiple antennas 370a-370n comprise a 2D antenna array. gNB 102 also includes a controller / processor 378, memory 380, and a backhaul or network interface 382.

[0072] RF transceivers 372a-372n receive incoming RF signals from antennas 370a-370n, such as signals transmitted by a UE or other gNB. RF transceivers 372a-372n downconvert the incoming RF signals to generate IF or baseband signals. The IF or baseband signals are sent to RX processing circuitry 376, which filters, decodes, and / or digitizes the baseband or IF signals to generate processed baseband signals. RX processing circuitry 376 sends the processed baseband signals to controller / processor 378 for further processing.

[0073] The TX processing circuitry 374 receives analog or digital data (such as voice data, network data, email, or interactive video game data) from the controller / processor 378. The TX processing circuitry 374 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate processed baseband or IF signals. The RF transceivers 372a-372n receive the outgoing processed baseband or IF signals from the TX processing circuitry 374 and up-convert the baseband or IF signals into RF signals that are transmitted via the antennas 370a-370n.

[0074] The controller / processor 378 can include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the gNB 102. For example, the controller / processor 378 can control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals via the RF transceivers 372a-372n, the RX processing circuitry 376, and the TX processing circuitry 374 in accordance with well-known principles. The controller / processor 378 can also support additional functionality, such as more advanced wireless communication functions. For example, the controller / processor 378 can perform blind interference sensing (BIS) procedures, such as those performed by a Blind Interference Sensing (BIS) algorithm, and decode received signals with interference signals subtracted. The controller / processor 378 can support any of a variety of other functions within the gNB 102. In some embodiments, the controller / processor 378 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0075] The controller / processor 378 is also capable of executing programs and other processes resident in the memory 380, such as a basic OS. The controller / processor 378 is also capable of supporting channel quality measurement and reporting for systems having 2D antenna arrays as described in embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the controller / processor 378 supports communication between entities such as web RTC. The controller / processor 378 is capable of moving data into or out of the memory 380 as needed by the executing processes.

[0076] The controller / processor 378 is also coupled to a backhaul or network interface 382. The backhaul or network interface 382 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with other devices or systems via a backhaul connection or over a network. The backhaul or network interface 382 can support communication over any suitable wired or wireless connection(s). For example, when the gNB 102 is implemented as part of a cellular communication system (such as one supporting 5G or new radio access technology, or NR, LTE, or LTE-A), the backhaul or network interface 382 can allow the gNB 102 to communicate with other gNBs via a wired or wireless backhaul connection. When the gNB 102 is implemented as an access point, the backhaul or network interface 382 can allow the gNB 102 to communicate over a wired or wireless local area network or with a larger network, such as the Internet, via a wired or wireless connection. The backhaul or network interface 382 includes any suitable structure that supports communication over a wired or wireless connection, such as an Ethernet or RF transceiver.

[0077] Memory 380 is coupled to controller / processor 378. A portion of memory 380 can include RAM, while another portion of memory 380 can include flash memory or other ROM. In some embodiments, a plurality of instructions, such as a BIS algorithm, are stored in the memory. The plurality of instructions are configured to cause controller / processor 378 to perform the BIS process and decode the received signal after subtracting at least one interfering signal determined by the BIS algorithm.

[0078] As described in more detail below, the transmit and receive paths of gNB 102 (implemented using RF transceivers 372a-372n, TX processing circuitry 374, and / or RX processing circuitry 376) support aggregated communications with FDD cells and TDD cells.

[0079] although Figure 3b An example of a gNB 102 is shown, but the Figure 3b For example, gNB 102 can include any number of Figure 3a . As a specific example, an access point can include a number of backhaul or network interfaces 382, and the controller / processor 378 can support routing functions to route data between different network addresses. As another specific example, while shown as including a single instance of TX processing circuitry 374 and a single instance of RX processing circuitry 376, the gNB 102 can include multiple instances of each (such as one for each RF transceiver).

[0080] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the implementation methods of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0081] The text and drawings are provided as examples only to help readers understand the present disclosure. They are not intended to, and should not be interpreted as, limiting the scope of the present disclosure in any way. Although certain embodiments and examples have been provided, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on what is disclosed herein that the embodiments and examples shown may be modified without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0082] Within Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) encompasses Machine Type Communication (MTC) and Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT). These two communication technologies offer low cost, low power consumption, high latency, wide coverage, and large-scale access, and are suitable for IoT scenarios such as smart cities, smart factories, and remote meter reading.

[0083] IoT technology has the characteristics of low cost, low power consumption, and support for large-scale connections. It is usually used in application scenarios such as smart factories, smart medical care, and urban management that have a large number of devices and emphasize cost control to achieve the communication effect of the Internet of Everything.

[0084] The methods of receiving downlink signals and sending uplink signals of IoT devices are different from traditional wireless communication methods. Ambient IoT (AIoT) devices are a type of low-cost, low-power, low-end IoT devices. In this application, since the transmission of such IoT devices mainly relies on environmental signals, such IoT devices are referred to as ambient IoT devices. This naming is mainly for the convenience of description and is not used to limit the scope of the device. The methods of receiving downlink signals and sending uplink signals of ambient IoT devices are different from traditional wireless communication methods. Therefore, they cannot correctly receive the synchronization signal in the cell communication, nor can they perform system synchronization based on the synchronization signal of the cell communication. Therefore, there is a need for an enhanced method for transmitting the synchronization signal so that it can be used for the synchronization of AIoT devices.

[0085] In the AIoT system, the transmission of signals / channels such as data and services can be directly transmitted between the base station and the AIoT node (such as a tag device); it can also be transmitted through an intermediate node. For example, the base station sends information related to the AIoT system to the intermediate node, and the intermediate node sends data to the AIoT node; and the AIoT node sends data to the intermediate node, and the intermediate node then sends information related to the AIoT system to the base station.

[0086] In this specification, for the services in the AIoT system, a principle similar to that of traditional cell communications is adopted, and the transmission from the base station or intermediate node to the AIoT node is called downlink transmission, and the transmission from the AIoT node to the base station or intermediate node is called uplink transmission. In addition, the transmission related to the AIoT system sent by the base station to the intermediate node can also be called downlink transmission, and the transmission related to the AIoT system sent by the intermediate node to the base station can be called uplink transmission. Unless otherwise specified in this specification, the uplink / downlink transmission corresponds to the relationship between the transmitting and receiving nodes, and is not used to limit whether the transmission occurs on the uplink or downlink resources. For example, the uplink transmission in the AIoT system can also be sent and received on the downlink frequency band in the FDD system, and the downlink transmission in the AIoT system can also be sent and received on the uplink time slot in the TDD system.

[0087] The base station in this specification may also be replaced by other devices, such as a communication device as an external accessory of the base station, a relay node, an IAB node, a repeater node, and a bypass node. Any mechanism applicable to the base station in this specification may also be similarly used in scenarios where the base station is replaced by other nodes, and will not be repeated. Among them, the difference between the communication device of the external accessory of the base station and the base station may include: the device is capable of sending DL signals / channels on the UL frequency band in the FDD system and on the UL time unit in the TDD system, including sending DL signals / channels corresponding to communication between the base station and the UE and DL signals / channels corresponding to communication between the base station and the AIoT device.

[0088] The intermediate node in this specification may be at least one of a relay node, an IAB node, a repeater node, and a bypass node.

[0089] The UE in this specification includes a device node in the AIoT system, which can be a specific type of node or device, such as a tag-type device.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present application, lower than the threshold value can also be replaced by lower than or equal to the threshold value, higher than (exceeds) the threshold value can also be replaced by higher than or equal to the threshold value, less than or equal to can also be replaced by less than, greater than or equal to can also be replaced by greater than; and vice versa.

[0091] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, configuration information includes at least one of the following: information configured by the base station, information indicated in received signaling, information configured by a higher layer, and information pre-configured. Furthermore, the configuration information may be a set of configuration information obtained by the above method; or multiple sets of configuration information obtained by the above method, from which the UE or node may select a set of configuration information for use based on predefined conditions; or a set of configuration information obtained by the above method, where the set of configuration information includes multiple subsets, from which the UE or node may select a subset for use based on predefined conditions.

[0092] This specification describes a method related to synchronization, which can be used for synchronization in an AIoT system, and further, as a synchronization between a UE (for example, an AIoT node as a tag device) and a base station in an AIoT system, and / or between a UE and an intermediate node.

[0093] Figure 4 A flowchart of a method performed by a first node, including a UE and / or an intermediate node, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. At S401, a synchronization signal is received, the synchronization signal including a third synchronization signal having a different time domain location from the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal. At S402, a signal and / or channel is received and / or transmitted based on the synchronization signal.

[0094] In various embodiments, description is made by taking a UE as an example, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the method executed by the UE may also be executed by an intermediate node.

[0095] Since the synchronization signal is sent from one device to another, both devices need to determine the location for sending or receiving the synchronization signal. Therefore, in various embodiments, the synchronization signal sent at a certain location can also be replaced by a synchronization signal received at a certain location, or collectively referred to as a synchronization signal transmitted at a certain location; the synchronization signal sent in a certain way can also be replaced by a synchronization signal received in a certain way, or collectively referred to as a synchronization signal transmitted in a certain way.

[0096] In various embodiments, the UE receives at least one synchronization signal and, based on the synchronization signal, receives and / or sends at least one signal / channel carrying payload information. The synchronization signal includes at least one of the following:

[0097] The first synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: at least one synchronization signal transmitted at the start position of a physical layer frame structure, at least one synchronization signal transmitted with the earliest transmission time or the earliest time domain position in a physical layer frame structure, or the first synchronization signal among the transmitted synchronization signals, at least one synchronization signal transmitted at the start position of a communication process, at least one synchronization signal transmitted with the earliest transmission time or the earliest time domain position in a communication process, or the first synchronization signal among the transmitted synchronization signals, at least one synchronization signal transmitted at and / or before the start position of a broadcast channel, or at least one synchronization signal used for initial synchronization. The first synchronization signal can be used by the UE to acquire synchronization from a completely out-of-sync state, or can be used by the UE to calibrate synchronization after acquiring synchronization.

[0098] The second synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: at least one synchronization signal sent before at least one bearer channel, and at least one synchronization signal sent at the starting position of at least one bearer channel. The bearer channel includes at least one of the following: a broadcast channel, an uplink data signal / channel, a downlink data signal / channel, an uplink control signal / channel, a downlink control signal / channel, a signal / channel for random access, and a signal for indicating UE selection. Optionally, the at least one synchronization signal sent before at least one bearer channel includes: a signal sent before at least one bearer channel, and the interval between its starting and / or ending position and the starting position of the bearer channel does not exceed T int At least one synchronization signal, T int The second synchronization signal may be a preset and / or (pre)configured time interval threshold. The second synchronization signal may be used at least for calibrating synchronization after the UE has acquired synchronization, and may also be used for the UE to acquire synchronization from a completely out-of-sync state;

[0099] The third synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: another synchronization signal sent in the physical layer frame structure that is not part of the first synchronization signal or the second synchronization signal; at least one synchronization signal sent in the middle of at least one bearer channel; at least one synchronization signal sent between any two other signals or channels; at least one synchronization signal sent in the middle of any other signal or channel; or at least one synchronization signal transmitted at a position determined based on a preset timing relationship. The third synchronization signal can be used by the UE to calibrate synchronization after it has acquired synchronization.

[0100] The communication process includes the following: starting from the base station and / or the intermediate node sending an indication signal to trigger communication, to the completion of all signal / channel transmissions of the UE in response to the indication signal, and all signal / channel transmissions of the base station and / or the intermediate node corresponding to the indication signal; and / or, starting from the base station and / or the intermediate node sending the AIoT signal / channel to the UE, to the completion of the base station and / or the intermediate node sending the AIoT signal / channel to the UE, and the UE sending the AIoT signal / channel to the base station and / or the intermediate node, and there is no AIoT transmission (including AIoT uplink transmission, AIoT downlink transmission, CW transmission) between the start and the end, when the time exceeds the time length T, all transmissions from the start to the end. This communication process can also be called a transmission cluster (burst).

[0101] Figure 5 An example of a first synchronization signal, a second synchronization signal, and a third synchronization signal is schematically shown in FIG. The figure shows a physical layer frame structure, or a communication process, in which the first, second, and third synchronization signals are transmitted at different locations.

[0102] In this specification, if the synchronization signal is not limited in the description, it may include at least one of the above-mentioned first synchronization signal, second synchronization signal, and third synchronization signal.

[0103] In this specification, the physical layer frame structure and / or communication process corresponding to the synchronization signal includes the physical layer frame structure in which the first synchronization signal is located or sent before and / or the communication process in which the first synchronization signal is located or sent before, and may also include the physical layer frame structure and / or communication process in which the second and / or third synchronization signals are located. The payload channel corresponding to the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a payload channel in the physical layer frame structure in which the first synchronization signal is located or sent before, and / or a payload channel in the communication process in which the first synchronization signal is located or sent before, and / or a broadcast channel in which the first synchronization signal is located or sent before; a payload channel in which the second synchronization signal is located or sent before; a payload channel in which the third synchronization signal is located or sent before, or sent between.

[0104] Optionally, the synchronization signal includes at least one of the following:

[0105] At least one specific combination of at least one signal in a first state and at least one signal in a second state, the order of each signal in the first state and each signal in the second state in the combination, and / or the duration of each signal in the first state and / or the signal in the second state in the combination can be preset and / or (pre)configured. Wherein, the first state includes a low level of the signal, and the second state includes a high level of the signal; or, the first state includes a signal waveform corresponding to a load of '0', and the second state includes a signal waveform corresponding to a load of '1'; or, the first state includes a rising edge of the signal waveform from a low level to a high level, and the second state includes a falling edge of the signal waveform from a high level to a low level; or, the first state includes a position where the signal waveform flips (including flipping from high to low, flipping from low to high) as the starting and / or ending position of the signal window, and the second state includes a position where the signal waveform flips including a starting position and / or an ending position and also including an intermediate position of the signal window, wherein the signal window can be a time window for detection with a preset length and / or starting position and / or ending position. Optionally, this method can be used for at least one of the first, second, and third synchronization signals;

[0106] At least one specific sequence consisting of at least one of the payload codewords '0' and '1'. The waveforms of the payload codewords '0' and '1' may be preset and / or (pre) configured, including a preset and / or (pre) configured waveform, or a preset and / or (pre) configured waveform of multiple waveforms and indicating at least one in the synchronization signal. In the latter case, the indicated waveforms of the payload codewords '0' and '1' may be used to indicate the waveforms of the payload codewords '0' and '1' used by at least one subsequent payload channel of the synchronization signal and / or used to indicate the waveforms of the payload codewords '0' and '1' used by the payload channel corresponding to the synchronization signal. Optionally, this method may be used for at least one of the second and third synchronization signals;

[0107] A signal corresponding to N information bits, where N is a positive integer and the value of N can be preset and / or (pre) configured. Optionally, the information indicated by the N information bits includes at least one of the following: the payload channel after the synchronization signal includes an uplink and / or downlink channel, further including the type of channel, such as a data channel, a random access channel, and a broadcast channel; the encoding method used by the payload channel after the synchronization signal and / or other synchronization channels, such as Manchester code, Miller code, PIE code, FM0 code, and / or modulation method such as OOK, ASK, FSK, PSK, BPSK, QPSK, QAM. This method can be understood as the structure of the synchronization signal including two parts: a signal for timing (at least including determining the waveform of the information bit and / or the time length of the information bit and / or the time length of the high level and low level in the information bit) and a signal for indicating the information bit. Optionally, this method can be used for at least one of the first, second, and third synchronization signals.

[0108] Optionally, the second synchronization signal and / or the third synchronization signal may be a subset of the first synchronization signal, and the third synchronization signal may be a subset of the second synchronization signal. The subset includes at least one of the following:

[0109] The synchronization signal includes multiple specific combinations and / or multiple sequences, and a subset thereof is at least one of the multiple specific combinations and / or at least one of the multiple sequences. Taking the sequence as an example, the first synchronization signal includes two sequences of '000111' and '101010', and the second synchronization signal as its subset includes one sequence of '000111'.

[0110] The synchronization signal includes at least one specific combination and / or at least one sequence, a subset of which is a portion of the waveform of at least one synchronization signal corresponding to at least one specific combination and / or a portion of the waveform of at least one synchronization signal corresponding to at least one sequence. Taking the sequence as an example, the first synchronization signal includes two sequences of '000111' and '101010', and the third synchronization signal as a subset thereof includes two sequences of '0001' and '1010'. Similar to the specific combination, the third synchronization signal as a subset thereof can be the waveform of the first X1 time units in the waveform of the synchronization signal of X time units (e.g., microseconds) corresponding to the specific combination, where X1 <X。

[0111] The main benefit of this method is that the first, second, and third synchronization signals correspond to different synchronization requirements in different scenarios, and therefore require different synchronization accuracies. The first synchronization signal corresponds to higher synchronization accuracy and therefore requires a longer waveform / sequence, while the second and third synchronization signals correspond to decreasing synchronization accuracy and therefore can use shorter waveforms / sequences. Using some synchronization signals as subsets of other synchronization signals can reduce design and implementation complexity.

[0112] Optionally, the second synchronization signal and / or the third synchronization signal may be a superset of the first synchronization signal. Specifically, the first synchronization signal includes N1 specific combinations and / or N1 sequences, and the second synchronization signal and / or the third synchronization signal includes N2 specific combinations and / or N2 sequences, where N2>N1; and the N2 specific combinations and / or N2 sequences may include the N1 specific combinations and / or N1 sequences included in the first synchronization signal. Alternatively, the first synchronization signal includes at least one specific combination, and the second synchronization signal and / or the third synchronization signal includes at least one sequence. The main beneficial effect of this method is that, as the first synchronization signal serves as initial synchronization, limiting the number of possible signal waveforms can reduce detection complexity and improve complex performance. After the UE obtains initial synchronization through the first synchronization signal, its downlink detection performance is better than before obtaining initial synchronization. Therefore, the detection of the second synchronization signal and / or the third synchronization signal after initial synchronization can correspond to a more complex design without excessively affecting detection performance and complexity. The second synchronization signal and / or the third synchronization signal corresponding to multiple signal waveforms can indirectly indicate more information.

[0113] Optionally, after the position of the next third synchronization signal is determined based on the methods in the various embodiments above, if more than P third synchronization signals have been sent cumulatively, or the third synchronization signal has been sent cumulatively more than P times, in the middle of at least one load channel, and / or after at least one second synchronization signal has been transmitted, and / or after at least one first synchronization signal has been transmitted, then the second synchronization signal or the first synchronization signal is sent at the position of the next third synchronization signal.

[0114] Optionally, after the position of the next second synchronization signal is determined based on the methods in the various embodiments above, if more than Q second synchronization signals have been sent cumulatively or more than Q second synchronization signals have been sent cumulatively after at least one first synchronization signal has been transmitted and / or in a communication process, then the first synchronization signal is sent at the position of the next second synchronization signal.

[0115] Wherein, P and Q are positive integers or zero, and their values may be preset and / or (pre)configured. Optionally, when repetition is enabled in the system and / or when the bearer channel corresponding to the synchronization signal uses repetition, the synchronization signal is sent in a repeated form. Further, the following methods are included:

[0116] The synchronization signal is sent in a repeated form, and there is no load channel and / or other synchronization signals between the repeated synchronization signals. A specific example is Figure 6a As shown;

[0117] The synchronization signal is sent in a repeated form, and there is a payload channel corresponding to the synchronization signal between the repeated synchronization signals. Further, it includes at least one repetition of the payload channel corresponding to the synchronization signal. A specific example is Figure 6b shown.

[0118] Optionally, for the synchronization signal (further, for at least one of the first synchronization signal, the second synchronization signal, and the third synchronization signal), at least one of the following parameters may be preset and / or (pre) configured; and / or, for the first synchronization signal, at least one of the following parameters may be indicated in a signal for UE selection; and / or, for the second synchronization signal, at least one of the following parameters may be indicated in the first synchronization signal and / or the broadcast channel; and / or, for the third synchronization signal, at least one of the following parameters may be indicated in the first synchronization signal and / or the second synchronization signal and / or the broadcast channel and / or the third synchronization signal in a bearer channel sent therebetween:

[0119] The physical time length of the synchronization signal, such as microseconds;

[0120] The length of the sequence used by the synchronization signal, that is, the number of payload codewords included in the sequence;

[0121] The encoding method corresponding to the synchronization signal or the encoding method used by the payload channel corresponding to the synchronization signal.

[0122] Optionally, the UE receives at least one synchronization signal and obtains at least one of the following information based on the synchronization signal: timing information, the starting and / or ending position of at least one load channel (e.g., a data signal / channel, a random access request signal / random access response signal in a random access process, a broadcast signal / channel).

[0123] The timing information includes at least one of the following: the waveform of the payload code word '0', the waveform of the payload code word '1', the reference time length T for calculating the waveform of the payload code word '0' and / or the payload code word '1' ref , used to calculate the length of a time unit of communication T uni .

[0124] Furthermore, obtaining the waveform of the payload codeword '0' and / or the waveform of the payload codeword '1' includes: obtaining at least one of the following based on the synchronization signal and / or preset and / or (pre-)configured synchronization-related information, and correspondingly obtaining the waveform of the payload codeword '0' and / or the waveform of the payload codeword '1':

[0125] In the waveform, the duration of at least one high level and / or the duration of at least one low level;

[0126] the total duration of the waveform;

[0127] In the waveform, the ratio of the length of at least one high level to that of at least one low level, and / or the ratio of the length of at least one high level to that of at least one other high level, and / or the ratio of the length of at least one low level to that of at least one other low level; and / or the length of at least one high level and T ref ratio, and / or at least one low level length and T ref ratio.

[0128] Optionally, the length of one time unit of communication is T uni , the length of the waveform of the payload codeword '0', and the length of the waveform of the payload codeword '1', where the value of N may be preset and / or (pre)configured. The UE obtains T uni And according to T uni Gets the length of one time unit of communication.

[0129] Optionally, the length of the waveform of the payload code word '0' and / or payload code word '1' of the communication is T ref The value of N' may be preset and / or (pre)configured. ref And according to T ref Obtaining the length of one time unit of communication. Optionally, the length of the waveform of payload codeword '0' in the communication is N" times the length of the waveform of payload codeword '1', where the value of N" may be preset and / or (pre)configured. The UE obtains at least one of the length of the waveform of payload codeword '0' and the length of the waveform of payload codeword '1' and calculates the other based on N".

[0130] Among them, UE obtains T uni and / or T ref Including, obtaining a synchronization signal, wherein the time length of the synchronization signal or at least one waveform combination in the synchronization signal is T uni and / or T ref , or T uni Several times and / or T ref According to the synchronization signal, T uni and / or T ref .

[0131] Optionally, if the synchronization signal in the system includes multiple specific combinations of signals in the first state and signals in the second state, and / or multiple specific sequences, and / or signals corresponding to N information bits, the UE can obtain at least one of the following information by using the specific combination used by the synchronization signal being one of the multiple specific combinations, and / or the sequence being one of the multiple sequences, and / or the information indicated by the information bit in the signal corresponding to N information bits:

[0132] The selected UE corresponds to the bearer channel and / or frame structure and / or communication process corresponding to the synchronization signal. The selected UE needs to receive the bearer channel and / or frame structure and / or communication process, and other UEs may not receive the bearer channel and / or frame structure and / or communication process. The selected UE may include at least one of all UEs, a UE group, and a UE. Therefore, the method can be understood as making the bearer channel and / or frame structure and / or communication process corresponding to the synchronization signal as broadcast, multicast or unicast by indicating the selected UE in the synchronization signal;

[0133] The channel type of the bearer channel corresponding to the synchronization signal includes whether the channel is an uplink or downlink signal / channel, and / or includes whether the channel is at least one of a broadcast signal / channel, a data signal / channel, a signal / channel for random access, a control signal / channel, and a signal / channel for indicating a selected UE;

[0134] The frame structure and / or usage type of the communication process corresponding to the synchronization signal include at least one of random access, inventory, command, downlink data transmission, downlink control information transmission, uplink data transmission, and uplink control information transmission;

[0135] The frame structure corresponding to the synchronization signal and / or the channel type of at least one load channel included in the communication process include a signal / channel that the channel is uplink or downlink, and / or include at least one of a broadcast signal / channel, a data signal / channel, a signal / channel for random access, a control signal / channel, and a signal / channel for indicating a selected UE.

[0136] Optionally, the specific combination used by a synchronization signal is one of multiple specific combinations, and / or the sequence is one of multiple sequences, and / or the information indicated by the information bit in the signal corresponding to N information bits, and the correspondence between the information and at least one of the above information is preset and / or (pre) configured.

[0137] For example, a base station can configure a specific combination of synchronization signals for a UE and send a synchronization signal using the specific combination before a payload channel that needs to be sent to the UE. When the UE receives a downlink signal, it can detect whether there is a synchronization signal sent to the UE based on the specific combination configured by the base station. If so, it deems that the payload channel corresponding to the synchronization signal is also the payload channel sent to the UE and receives the payload channel corresponding to the synchronization signal. The advantage of this method is that the UE can perform correlation detection on the received signal based on a preset or configured specific sequence / specific combination of the first state and the second state. The performance of this correlation detection is better than general downlink decoding, so this method can improve the downlink reception performance of the UE.

[0138] The above provides a method for indicating a selected UE via a synchronization signal. Optionally, the UE may also detect the selected UE via a preset and / or (pre-)configured specific combination and / or sequence that does not have a synchronization function, with the specific details being similar to the above method. That is, even when the synchronization signal in the above method does not actually have a synchronization function (at least does not have the function of allowing the UE to obtain timing), its function of indicating the selected UE can still be effective, and the beneficial effect is still to improve the UE's downlink reception performance.

[0139] Optionally, the UE blindly detects whether a synchronization signal is received during downlink reception and / or during any time when it is not scheduled / triggered to perform uplink transmission.

[0140] And / or, optionally, the UE determines a possible position for receiving the synchronization signal based on the frame structure and / or based on the period of the synchronization signal, and blindly detects whether the synchronization signal is received at this position; wherein the period can be preset and / or (pre) configured.

[0141] And / or, optionally, the UE does not blindly detect whether a synchronization signal is received when at least one of the following conditions is met, and blindly detects whether a synchronization signal is received in other conditions:

[0142] Detecting at least one synchronization signal sent to other UEs and / or synchronization signals sent by other UEs to a base station or an intermediate node, and detecting the time position of the bearer channel corresponding to the synchronization signal (for example, extracting corresponding information from the header of the bearer channel corresponding to the synchronization signal), and not blindly checking whether the synchronization signal is received at the time position, or at the time position and between the end position of the time position and the next time position that can be used for bearer channel and / or synchronization channel transmission. The time position from the end position of the time position to the next time position that can be used for bearer channel and / or synchronization channel transmission can be determined by a parameter corresponding to a processing delay, which can be preset and / or (pre) configured;

[0143] Upon detecting at least one random access response sent to another UE and / or a random access request signal sent by another UE, and determining the location of a next resource that can be used to send a random access request signal, performing a non-blind check for receipt of a synchronization signal between the resource location of the random access response and the location of the next resource that can be used to send a random access request signal. The location of the next resource that can be used to send a random access request signal can be determined based on information indicated in the response and / or based on preset and / or (pre)configured information.

[0144] In OFDM-based systems, such as traditional NR Uu communication systems, the orthogonality between carriers effectively controls the mutual interference caused by synchronization signals simultaneously transmitted by different base stations or other nodes at different frequency domain locations, keeping the impact on system synchronization within an acceptable range. However, in systems based on envelope detection and backscattering, orthogonality between different transmissions is difficult to achieve. Therefore, to prevent mutual interference between synchronization signals in such systems, as well as the significant impact of interference from other transmissions on synchronization signals on system synchronization, an additional interference control mechanism for synchronization signals is required.

[0145] Interference between intermediate nodes can be avoided through base station scheduling. However, the likelihood of mutual interference between two or more intermediate nodes is not something the base station itself can obtain. Furthermore, due to the influence of channel conditions and obstacles, it is difficult to directly determine the geographic location through positioning methods. Therefore, the intermediate nodes can assist the base station in interference control, or the intermediate nodes can perform interference control independently.

[0146] Optionally, the intermediate node detects whether it has received a signal / channel sent by another intermediate node. If so, it reports at least one of the following to the base station: the identifier (ID) of the other intermediate node and the resource location of the signal / channel. Optionally, if the signal / channel is sent to a UE in the IoT system and the UE's ID is detected, the UE's ID is reported to the base station. Optionally, if the signal / channel is a synchronization signal in the IoT system, the at least one of the above items is reported to the base station; otherwise, it is not reported. Optionally, if the signal / channel overlaps with the transmission / reception of the IoT system corresponding to the intermediate node itself and / or overlaps with other transmissions / receptions of the intermediate node itself, the at least one of the above items is reported to the base station; otherwise, it is not reported. This method allows the base station to detect mutual interference between intermediate nodes and to avoid interference between intermediate nodes through scheduling accordingly, for example, scheduling TDM resources for the interfering intermediate node.

[0147] Optionally, the intermediate node detects whether it has received a signal / channel sent by another intermediate node. If so, it indicates to the other intermediate node at least one of the following: the intermediate node's ID, the other intermediate node's ID, and the resource location of the signal / channel. Optionally, if the signal / channel is sent to a UE in the IoT system and the UE's ID is detected, the UE's ID is indicated to the other intermediate node. Optionally, if the signal / channel is a synchronization signal in the IoT system, the at least one of the above items and / or the UE's ID is indicated to the other intermediate node; if the signal / channel is another type of signal, no indication is given. Optionally, if the signal / channel overlaps with the intermediate node's own transmission / reception of the IoT system and / or overlaps with other transmissions / receptions of the intermediate node, the at least one of the above items is indicated to the other intermediate node; otherwise, no indication is given. Optionally, the resource location required by the intermediate node for transmission / reception of the IoT system, including at least the time domain location, is also indicated to the other intermediate node. This method can enable other intermediate nodes to obtain the mutual interference between intermediate nodes and accordingly avoid the interference between intermediate nodes through resource reselection and other means.

[0148] Optionally, the intermediate node detects whether it has received a signal / channel sent by other intermediate nodes, or whether it has received a synchronization signal in the Internet of Things sent by other intermediate nodes. If received, it determines the first resource location corresponding to the signal / channel or the synchronization signal in the Internet of Things, and / or the corresponding second resource location that may be used by the other intermediate node to send a signal / channel or send a synchronization signal in the Internet of Things, wherein the second resource location can be determined based on the resource location reserved by the other intermediate node received at the first resource location. The intermediate node can avoid interference by selecting resources that do not overlap with the first resource location and / or the second resource location. This method allows the intermediate node to select appropriate resources to avoid interference.

[0149] Optionally, if the intermediate node receives at least one of the following information from another intermediate node: the ID of the intermediate node itself, the ID of the other intermediate node, the resource location of the signal / channel, and the ID of a UE in the IoT system to which the signal / channel is transmitted, and the information corresponds to the other intermediate node receiving the signal / channel transmitted by the intermediate node, the intermediate node reselects resources. Optionally, if the other intermediate node also indicates a resource location that the other intermediate node needs to use for transmission / reception of the IoT system, the intermediate node avoids reselecting resources at the indicated resource location.

[0150] In the above-mentioned methods for interference control, resource overlap includes overlap / partial overlap in the time domain, and / or overlap / partial overlap in the frequency domain. Resource non-overlap includes non-overlapping positions in the time domain, and / or non-overlapping positions in the frequency domain, and / or non-overlapping positions in the frequency domain and the interval between the frequency domain positions exceeds a threshold, which can be preset and / or (pre)configured.

[0151] In the above-mentioned methods for interference control, detecting whether a signal / channel sent by other intermediate nodes is received, or whether a synchronization signal in the Internet of Things sent by other intermediate nodes is received, includes: detecting whether a signal / channel sent by other intermediate nodes is received, or a synchronization signal in the Internet of Things sent by other intermediate nodes is received, and the signal strength and / or RSRP of the signal / channel or the synchronization signal in the Internet of Things exceeds a threshold, then it is considered that a signal / channel sent by other intermediate nodes or a synchronization signal in the Internet of Things sent by other intermediate nodes is received, and / or subsequent reporting / indication / resource reselection and other actions in the above-mentioned method are performed; otherwise, it is not treated as a signal / channel sent by other intermediate nodes or a synchronization signal in the Internet of Things sent by other intermediate nodes.

[0152] Optionally, determining the position of the third synchronization signal based on a preset timing relationship includes at least one of the following methods:

[0153] Starting from a reference time point, at least one third synchronization signal is sent and / or received within a time window of length T; or, starting from a reference time point, within a time window of length T, if the first synchronization signal, the second synchronization signal, and / or the third synchronization signal do not exist within the time window, then at least one third synchronization signal is sent and / or received; otherwise, the third synchronization signal does not need to be sent and / or received. Optionally, this method is used when the duration of at least one signal / channel in the physical layer frame structure exceeds T. Optionally, in this method, sending and / or receiving at least one third synchronization signal includes: sending and / or receiving at least one third synchronization signal at any position within the time window of length T, or sending and / or receiving at least one third synchronization signal at the end position of the time window of length T (including starting to send and / or start to receive, that is, the complete sending and / or receiving process can exceed the time window; and also including completing the sending and / or receiving of the at least one third synchronization signal). For example, when the reference time point is t0, at least one third synchronization signal is sent and / or received within [t0, t0+T]; for another example, when the reference time point is t0, at least one third synchronization signal is sent and / or received starting at time t0+T;

[0154] After a time window of at least T or at least T, or every time window of at least T, at least one third synchronization signal is sent and / or received; alternatively, starting from a reference time point, after a time window of at least T or at least T, or every time window of at least T, at least one third synchronization signal is sent and / or received. Alternatively, after a time window of at least T or at least T, or every time window of at least T, if the first synchronization signal and / or the second synchronization signal and / or the third synchronization signal do not exist within the time window, at least one third synchronization signal is sent and / or received, otherwise there is no need to send and / or receive the third synchronization signal; alternatively, starting from a reference time point, after a time window of at least T or at least T, or every time window of at least T, if the first synchronization signal and / or the second synchronization signal and / or the third synchronization signal do not exist within the time window, at least one third synchronization signal is sent and / or received, otherwise there is no need to send and / or receive the third synchronization signal. Optionally, this method is used when the duration of at least one signal / channel in the physical layer frame structure exceeds T. Optionally, in this method, sending and / or receiving at least one third synchronization signal includes: when the interval between the third synchronization signal and other third synchronization signals is not less than T, and / or when the interval between the position of the third synchronization signal and a reference time point is not less than T, the position of the third synchronization signal can be flexibly selected; or, sending and / or receiving (including starting sending and / or starting receiving, i.e., the complete sending process and / or receiving process can exceed the time window; and also including completing sending and / or receiving of the at least one third synchronization signal) at the end position of the time window with a length of at least T; or, sending and / or receiving (including starting sending and / or starting receiving, i.e., the complete sending process and / or receiving process can exceed the time range; and also including completing sending and / or receiving of the at least one third synchronization signal) at least one third synchronization signal within a time range of no more than T1 after the end position of the time window with a length of at least T, wherein the position of the third synchronization signal can be flexibly selected within the time range. For example, when the reference time point is t0, at least one third synchronization signal is sent and / or received after [t0, t0+T]; for another example, when the reference time point is t0, at least one third synchronization signal is sent and / or received starting at time t0+T; for another example, when the reference time point is t0, at least one third synchronization signal is sent and / or received within the range of [t0+T, t0+T+T1];

[0155] When the duration of at least one signal / channel in the physical layer frame structure exceeds T, at least one third synchronization signal is transmitted in the middle of the signal / channel. Optionally, when the starting position of the signal / channel is t0, the transmission and / or reception of the signal / channel is temporarily suspended at t0+T or at a position no later than t0+T, and the at least one third synchronization signal is transmitted and / or received; then, the transmission and / or reception of the signal / channel is resumed.

[0156] The reference time point includes at least one of the following: the starting position of the physical layer frame structure, the starting and / or ending position of at least one first synchronization signal, the starting and / or ending position of at least one second synchronization signal, the starting and / or ending position of another or the previous or preceding or at least one third synchronization signal, the starting and / or ending position of at least one uplink and / or downlink signal and / or channel. Furthermore, when the uplink and / or downlink signal and / or channel begins with a start indicator and / or a continue indicator, and / or when the uplink and / or downlink signal and / or channel ends with a stop indicator and / or an end indicator, the reference time point includes the starting position and / or ending position of at least one of the start indicator, the continue indicator, the stop indicator, and the end indicator.

[0157] Optionally, when the reference time point is at least one of the first, second, and third synchronization signals, the reference time point may be the latest of the first, second, and third synchronization signals whose time position is earlier than the third synchronization signal to be sent and / or received.

[0158] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 7a As shown, with the end position of the second synchronization signal, that is, the starting position of the downlink data signal, as a reference time point, within a time window of length T, the base station or intermediate node sends a third synchronization signal to the UE; with the end position of the third synchronization signal as a reference time point, within a time window of length T, the base station or intermediate node sends another third synchronization signal to the UE. The third synchronization signal shown in the figure is sent within the time window of length T. In another exemplary embodiment, the third synchronization signal may also start to be sent within the time window of length T.

[0159] In another exemplary embodiment, Figure 7bAs shown, with the end position of the first synchronization signal as the reference time point, within a time window of length T, since the second synchronization signal exists within the time window, there is no need to send and / or receive the third synchronization signal. Then, with the end position of the second synchronization signal as the reference time point, within a time window of length T, since the first, second, and third synchronization signals do not exist within the time window, the base station or intermediate node sends a third synchronization signal to the UE after a time window of length T, using the end position of the second synchronization signal as the reference time point. Specifically, the third synchronization signal is sent within a time range of no more than T1 after the end position of the time window of length T.

[0160] In another exemplary embodiment, Figure 7c As shown, the starting position of a downlink data signal is t0, and its duration exceeds T. The transmission and / or reception of the signal / channel is temporarily suspended at t0+T, and at least one third synchronization signal is sent and / or received; then the transmission and / or reception of the signal / channel is continued. Figure 7c The position of t0+T is calculated based on the length of the data channel itself, and a pause indicator is first transmitted at t0+T, and then the third synchronization signal is transmitted; in another exemplary embodiment, the transmission of the pause indicator can also be completed at t0+T and the transmission of the third synchronization signal can be started.

[0161] Optionally, when the base station, intermediate node, or UE determines to send the first third synchronization signal based on the above method, the third synchronization signal may not be actually sent (or may be aborted or skipped). The receiving node determines whether the third synchronization signal is actually sent based on the detected signal (for example, whether the waveform received by blind detection matches the waveform of the third synchronization signal). If it is sent, the clock may be adjusted based on the third synchronization signal.

[0162] Since the capabilities of AIoT devices may vary, such as in timing accuracy, the range or speed of clock drift, and the ability to cache data and temporarily suspend data reception to calibrate timing, the application of the above methods may be related to UE capabilities.

[0163] Optionally, whether the sending and / or receiving of the third synchronization signal is supported is determined based on the UE capability. Optionally, the UE reports the capability corresponding to whether the sending and / or receiving of the third synchronization signal is supported to the intermediate node or the base station. Accordingly, at least one of the base station, the intermediate node, and the UE determines whether to send and / or receive the third synchronization signal based on the UE's capability of whether to support the sending and / or receiving of the third synchronization signal. For example, when the UE capability is capable of supporting the sending and / or receiving of the third synchronization signal, and it is determined according to the various methods above that the third synchronization signal needs to be sent and / or received, at least one of the base station, the intermediate node, and the UE sends the third synchronization signal, and / or receives the third synchronization signal.

[0164] Optionally, when a signal / channel is sent to multiple UEs, it is determined whether to send a third synchronization signal based on the capability of at least one of the multiple UEs. The capability of the at least one UE may be the worst capability. For example, when a downlink data signal is sent by a base station or an intermediate node to multiple UEs, and the capabilities of the multiple UEs all support the sending and / or receiving of a third synchronization signal, the base station or the intermediate node will determine whether to send and / or receive a third synchronization signal in the middle of the downlink data signal (including determining that the position of the third synchronization signal is in the middle of the downlink data signal based on a preset timing relationship) according to the methods of other embodiments in this specification; otherwise, the base station or the intermediate node will not send and / or receive a third synchronization signal in the middle of the downlink data signal. Optionally, when a UE sends a signal / channel to one or more intermediate nodes and / or base stations, it is determined whether to send a third synchronization signal based on the capability of the UE.

[0165] Optionally, the position of the third synchronization signal is determined based on UE capabilities. Further, the position that can be used for the third synchronization signal is determined based on whether the UE capabilities support sending and / or receiving the third synchronization signal between other signals / channels. For example, if the position of the third synchronization signal is determined to be between two other signals / channels using the methods described in other embodiments of this specification, the third synchronization signal can be sent and / or received at this position. For another example, the position of the third synchronization signal is determined to be in the middle of another signal / channel through the methods in other embodiments of this specification (including determining that the position of the third synchronization signal is in the middle of another signal / channel based on a preset timing relationship). Then, when the UE capability supports sending and / or receiving the third synchronization signal in the middle of the other signal / channel, or when the capabilities of multiple UEs that need to receive the other signal / channel all support sending and / or receiving the third synchronization signal in the middle of the other signal / channel, the third synchronization signal can be sent and / or received at this position; otherwise, when the UE capability does not support sending and / or receiving the third synchronization signal in the middle of the other signal / channel, or when the capability of at least one UE among the multiple UEs that need to receive the other signal / channel does not support sending and / or receiving the third synchronization signal in the middle of the other signal / channel, the third synchronization signal is not sent and / or received at this position.

[0166] Optionally, determining the position of the third synchronization signal based on the UE capabilities further includes: if it is determined based on the UE capabilities that the position corresponding to the third synchronization signal cannot be actually used for sending and / or receiving the third synchronization signal, then delaying the sending and / or receiving of the third synchronization signal until the UE capabilities can support it. For example, if the UE capabilities do not support sending and / or receiving the third synchronization signal in the middle of other signals / channels, delaying the sending and / or receiving of the third synchronization signal until after the end position of the other signals / channels.

[0167] Considering that the UE capability is insufficient to support the transmission and / or reception of the third synchronization signal between other signals / channels, if the third synchronization signal is not sent but the other signal / channel is continued to be sent, the subsequent part of the other signal / channel may not be correctly received due to loss of synchronization or the decoding performance may be reduced. Another feasible method is to limit the maximum duration of the other signal / channel in the scenario where the third synchronization signal is not sent (which may be due to limited UE capability). Accordingly, the maximum duration of the other signal / channel can be limited by limiting the maximum information payload of the other signal / channel.

[0168] Optionally, when the UE sends and / or receives a signal / channel, the length of the information bits corresponding to the signal / channel does not exceed N. The value of N is determined based on the UE capability. For example, when the UE capability does not support sending and / or receiving the third synchronization signal, or does not support sending and / or receiving the third synchronization signal among other signals / channels, N=N3; otherwise, N=N4, and optionally, other methods in this specification are used to determine the position that may be used for the third synchronization signal. Optionally, sending and receiving may correspond to the same or different N values, or different N3 and / or N4 values. N3 and N4 may be values indicated in the broadcast channel, or (pre) configured, or preset. The advantage of this method is that N3 and N4 may correspond to the maximum number of bits when the UE cannot recalibrate the clock drift through the third synchronization signal and the maximum number of bits when the clock drift can be recalibrated through the third synchronization signal, respectively. For the former, its value may be calculated based on the speed of the clock drift and the accuracy of the decoding timing. Therefore, when the number of information bits corresponding to the signal / channel does not exceed N3, the negative impact of the UE's clock drift on the decoding ability of the signal / channel can be ignored. That is, when the UE capability does not support clock recalibration based on the third synchronization signal, the duration of a single transmitted signal / channel can be controlled within the time range that does not require clock calibration.

[0169] Optionally, based on the mobile speed of at least one of the base station, the intermediate node, and the UE, a value of at least one of the following items is determined: a time length T corresponding to a (minimum / maximum) interval or a (minimum / maximum) period of the third synchronization signal, and a parameter N corresponding to the maximum number of bits of the signal / channel. For example, different mobile speed ranges correspond to different values or value ranges of T and / or N.

[0170] In various embodiments of this specification, the synchronization signal can be sent by the base station or the intermediate node to the UE, and can be used by the UE to obtain downlink synchronization, and accordingly receive downlink channels and send uplink channels based on the downlink synchronization; it can also be sent by the UE to the base station or the intermediate node, and can be used by the UE to indicate the timing-related information used by itself, and can be used by the base station or the intermediate node to obtain the uplink synchronization of the UE, so that when the UE's clock drifts to a certain extent, the base station or the intermediate node can decode the uplink channel sent by the UE according to the UE's clock rather than the base station or the intermediate node's own clock, thereby improving the performance of uplink channel reception in the system.

[0171] Figure 8 A block diagram illustrating a configuration of a user equipment (UE) 800 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0172] refer to Figure 8According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a UE 800 may include a transceiver 801 and a controller 802. For example, the transceiver 801 may be configured to transmit and receive signals. For example, the controller 802 may be coupled to the transceiver 801 and configured to perform the aforementioned method.

[0173] Figure 9 A block diagram illustrating a configuration of a node 900 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0174] refer to Figure 9 According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a node 900 may include a transceiver 901 and a controller 902. For example, the transceiver 901 may be configured to transmit and receive signals. For example, the controller 902 may be coupled to the transceiver 901 and configured to perform the aforementioned method.

[0175] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above illustrative embodiments are described herein and are not intended to be limiting. It should be understood that any two or more of the embodiments disclosed herein may be combined in any combination. In addition, other embodiments may be utilized and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter presented herein. It will be readily understood that the various aspects of the invention of the present disclosure as generally described herein and shown in the accompanying drawings may be arranged, replaced, combined, separated, and designed in a variety of different configurations, all of which are contemplated herein.

[0176] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and steps described herein can be implemented as hardware, software, or a combination thereof. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are generally described above in the form of their functional sets. Whether such functional sets are implemented as hardware or software depends on specific applications and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Technicians can implement the described functional sets in different ways for each specific application, but such design decisions should not be interpreted as causing departure from the scope of the present application.

[0177] The various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described herein may be implemented or executed with a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0178] The steps of the method or algorithm described in this application can be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software module can reside in a RAM memory, a flash memory, a ROM memory, an EPROM memory, an EEPROM memory, a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read and write information from / to the storage medium. In an alternative, a storage medium can be integrated into the processor. The processor and the storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The ASIC can reside in a user terminal. In an alternative, the processor and the storage medium can reside in a user terminal as discrete components.

[0179] In one or more exemplary designs, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media, the latter including any media that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0180] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method performed by a first node in a wireless communication system, comprising: receiving a synchronization signal, wherein the synchronization signal includes a third synchronization signal, and the third synchronization signal is a synchronization signal having a different time domain position from the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal; as well as receiving and / or transmitting signals and / or channels based on the synchronization signal, The first synchronization signal includes the first synchronization signal in the frame or communication process corresponding to the first synchronization signal, the second synchronization signal includes a synchronization signal whose time domain position is related to at least one load channel, and the at least one load channel is located in the frame or the communication process, and The frame or communication process corresponding to the third synchronization signal is the same as the frame or communication process corresponding to the first synchronization signal and / or the second synchronization signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a synchronization signal transmitted at the beginning of the frame; A synchronization signal transmitted at the start position of the communication process; a synchronization signal transmitted at the beginning and / or before the broadcast channel; and A synchronization signal used for initial synchronization.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The second synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: a synchronization signal transmitted before at least one bearer channel; and A synchronization signal transmitted at the beginning of at least one payload channel.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The third synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: A synchronization signal transmitted in the middle of a payload channel; A synchronization signal transmitted between two bearer channels; and A synchronization signal transmitted at a time domain position determined based on a preset timing relationship.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The synchronization signal includes at least one of the following: at least one combination of at least one signal in a first state and at least one signal in a second state; at least one sequence of payload codewords; and At least one signal corresponding to N information bits, where N is a positive integer.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The combination, sequence, or information bits included in the synchronization signal are determined based on at least one of the following information: UE-related information; Information related to the channel type of the bearer channel corresponding to the synchronization signal; Information about the purpose of the frame and / or communication process to which the synchronization signal corresponds; and Information related to the channel type of at least one bearer channel included in the frame and / or communication process corresponding to the synchronization signal.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The synchronization signal is transmitted in a repeated form.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The synchronization signal is transmitted in a repeated form and includes at least one of the following forms: There is no bearer channel or fourth synchronization signal corresponding to the synchronization signal between the synchronization signals; as well as There exists a load channel and / or a fourth synchronization signal corresponding to the synchronization signal between the synchronization signals, The fourth synchronization signal is a synchronization signal different from the synchronization signal.

9. The method according to claim 4, wherein: When the third synchronization signal is a synchronization signal transmitted in the middle of a bearer channel, a first indicator exists before the third synchronization signal, and / or a second indicator exists after the third synchronization signal.

10. The method according to claim 4, wherein: The synchronization signal transmitted at the time domain position determined based on the preset timing relationship includes at least one of the following: A synchronization signal transmitted within a time window of length T starting from a reference time point; A synchronization signal transmitted within a time window of length T starting from a reference time point, wherein the first synchronization signal and / or the second synchronization signal does not exist within the time window; A synchronization signal is transmitted after a time window of length T or at least T, or every time window of length T or at least T.

11. The method according to claim 4, wherein The third synchronization signal is a synchronization signal transmitted in the middle of a payload channel, and is characterized in that the duration of the payload channel exceeds T.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein The reference time point includes at least one of the following: The starting position of the frame or the communication process; a starting position and / or an ending position of at least one first synchronization signal; a starting position and / or an ending position of at least one second synchronization signal; a starting position and / or an ending position of another or the previous or preceding third synchronization signal; and The starting position and / or ending position of at least one downlink signal and / or channel.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein When the UE sends and / or receives a signal or channel, the length of the information bits corresponding to the signal or channel does not exceed N, where N is an integer greater than 0.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein The N is determined based on the capability of the UE.

15. A method performed by a first node in a wireless communication system, comprising: Sending a synchronization signal, where the synchronization signal includes a third synchronization signal, and the third synchronization signal is a synchronization signal having a different time domain position from the first synchronization signal and the second synchronization signal; as well as receiving and / or transmitting signals and / or channels based on the synchronization signal, The first synchronization signal includes the first synchronization signal in the frame or communication process corresponding to the first synchronization signal, the second synchronization signal includes a synchronization signal whose time domain position is related to at least one load channel, and the at least one load channel is located in the frame or the communication process, and The frame or communication process corresponding to the third synchronization signal is the same as the frame or communication process corresponding to the first synchronization signal and / or the second synchronization signal.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein The first node includes a user equipment UE.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein The first node is a first intermediate node.

18. The method according to claim 17, further comprising: detecting whether a signal and / or channel sent by the second intermediate node is received; as well as If the signal and / or channel is received, at least one of the following is sent to the base station: an identification ID of the second intermediate node, and a resource location of the signal and / or channel.

19. The method according to claim 17, further comprising: detecting whether a signal and / or channel sent by the second intermediate node is received; as well as If the signal and / or channel is received, at least one of the following is sent to the second intermediate node: an identification ID of the intermediate node, an ID of the second intermediate node, and a resource location of the signal and / or channel.

20. An electronic device in a wireless communication system, comprising: transceiver; as well as A controller is coupled to the transceiver and configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-16 or 17-19.

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