Method and reagent composition for controlling excessive growth of pepper plug seedlings

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and reagent composition for controlling excessive growth of pepper plug seedlings. The reagent composition includes: chlormequat chloride at a concentration of 15-25 mg / L, diniconazole at a concentration of 80-100 mg / L, and diaminozidine at a concentration of 1800-2000 mg / L, and the solvent is water. When in use, a chlormequat chloride solution is sprayed during the flattening stage of pepper cotyledons, a diniconazole solution is sprayed during the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and a diaminozidine solution is sprayed during the 4-leaf 1-heart stage. After spraying according to the method of the present invention, the plant height of the pepper seedlings is suppressed, the stem thickness is increased, the root-crown ratio is increased, the internodes are shortened, the strong seedling coefficient is improved, the plug seedlings can grow normally after planting, and the pepper seedlings can be promoted to form a short, strong, compact plant type, which is of great significance for cultivating strong pepper seedlings. The preparation method is nontoxic, simple to operate, low in cost, and easy to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pepper cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for controlling excessive growth of pepper plug seedlings and a reagent composition. Background Art

[0002] Peppers, beloved for their unique flavor and diverse applications, have become the third most popular vegetable crop worldwide, after beans and tomatoes. However, excessive growth is common in greenhouse cultivation due to improper environmental regulation or poor management. This growth manifests as thin and weak stems, excessively long internodes, and thin, pale leaves. This leads to reduced plant resistance, delayed flower bud differentiation, and decreased fruit set, severely impacting yield and quality.

[0003] In traditional production, the causes of excessive growth mainly include the following aspects: First, environmental factors. Conditions such as weak light, high temperature (especially high night temperature), and excessive humidity will accelerate the vegetative growth of the plant and inhibit reproductive growth; second, improper cultivation and management, excessive nitrogen fertilizer, excessive water supply or too high planting density can easily disrupt the hormone balance in the plant (such as increased gibberellin content); third, different varieties have different characteristics. Some pepper varieties are genetically susceptible to excessive growth.

[0004] Currently, conventional methods for controlling excessive growth include chemical regulation (such as the application of inhibitors like paclobutrazol), physical control (such as increasing light and reducing humidity), and agronomic measures (such as pruning and pruning). However, single or combined chemical control agents are no longer sufficient to prevent excessive growth. Physical methods rely on infrastructure and are costly, while agronomic operations are time-consuming and labor-intensive. For example, patent application publication number CN111919684A employs a complex approach to controlling excessive growth in pepper floating seedlings, including controlling seedling age; reducing sowing density; ventilation, light enhancement, cooling, and humidity control within the nursery shed; water and fertilizer management; and chemical control measures, including seed soaking and foliar spraying. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient, environmentally friendly method for controlling excessive growth in peppers suitable for large-scale production to address the limitations of existing methods. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a method and reagent composition for controlling excessive growth of pepper seedlings in plug trays. Spraying according to the present method suppresses plant height, increases stem diameter, improves the root-to-crown ratio, shortens internodes, and improves the seedling vigor coefficient. This method enables normal growth of the seedlings after planting, promotes the formation of a short, sturdy, and compact plant shape, and thereby improves pepper yield and quality.

[0006] A method for controlling excessive growth of pepper seedlings in a tray, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Prepare solutions of the following concentrations: 15-25 mg / L chlormequat, 80-100 mg / L diniconazole, and 1800-2000 mg / L diaminozidine;

[0008] (2) Spraying the solution of step (1) on peppers at the seedling stage, spraying the butyralidone solution when the peppers are at the flattening stage of the cotyledons, spraying the diniconazole solution when the peppers are at the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and spraying the chlormequat solution when the peppers are at the 4-leaf 1-heart stage.

[0009] Furthermore, there were 50 plants per tray, 30 mL of each solution was sprayed per tray, and each tray was sprayed once with each solution. Specifically, each solution was evenly sprayed on the pepper leaves in the morning on a sunny day until liquid dripped.

[0010] Furthermore, the solvent for preparing the solution is water.

[0011] The present invention also provides a reagent composition for controlling excessive growth of pepper seedlings in plug trays, comprising a solution with the following concentrations: 15-25 mg / L of chlormequat chloride, 80-100 mg / L of diniconazole, and 1800-2000 mg / L of diaminozidine.

[0012] Furthermore, the solvent for preparing the solution is water.

[0013] Furthermore, when used, chlormequat solution is sprayed when the pepper cotyledons are flattened, diniconazole solution is sprayed when the pepper has 2 leaves and 1 heart, and diaminozidine solution is sprayed when the pepper has 4 leaves and 1 heart.

[0014] The present invention is the first to discover that spraying different regulating agents at different stages in a specific sequence during the growth of pepper seedlings can significantly prevent excessive growth and improve the quality of the seedlings. Comparative experiments have shown that this innovative technique of spraying in a specific sequence is significantly superior to using individual or combined agents, and that disrupting the spraying order of several agents does not produce satisfactory results.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] The present invention provides a method for controlling excessive growth of pepper plug seedlings. After spraying according to the present method, pepper seedling height is suppressed, stem diameter is increased, the root-to-shoot ratio is improved, internodes are shortened, and the seedling vigor coefficient is enhanced. After planting, the plug seedlings can grow normally and promote the formation of a short, sturdy, and compact plant shape, which is of great significance for cultivating strong pepper seedlings. Furthermore, the preparation method is non-toxic, simple to operate, low-cost, and easy to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is the growth status of the pepper seedlings after spraying with Reagent I at the cotyledon flattening stage, Reagent II at the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and Reagent III at the 4-leaf 1-heart stage in Example 1.

[0018] Figure 2 This is the growth status of the pepper seedlings after being sprayed with distilled water three times in Comparative Example 1;

[0019] Figure 3 This is the growth status of the pepper seedlings after spraying with Reagent I three times in Comparative Example 2;

[0020] Figure 4 This is the growth status of the pepper seedlings after spraying with Reagent III three times in Comparative Example 4;

[0021] Figure 5 The growth status of pepper seedlings after spraying with reagent III at the cotyledon flattening stage, reagent II at the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and reagent I at the 4-leaf 1-heart stage in Comparative Example 5;

[0022] Figure 6 The growth status of pepper seedlings after spraying with reagent III at the cotyledon flattening stage, reagent I at the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and reagent II at the 4-leaf 1-heart stage in Comparative Example 6;

[0023] Figure 7 The growth status of pepper seedlings after spraying with reagent I at the cotyledon flattening stage, reagent III at the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and reagent II at the 4-leaf 1-heart stage in Comparative Example 9; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The pepper variety used for the test was Soft Skin Early Show provided by Hunan Xiangyan Seed Co., Ltd.

[0025]

[0026] In a preliminary experiment, pepper seedlings were treated with nine chemical control agents at varying concentrations via foliar spraying and seed soaking. When the seedlings reached the six-leaf, one-heart stage, plant height, stem diameter, and aboveground and underground dry and fresh weights were measured. Comprehensive data analysis revealed that both foliar spraying and seed soaking controlled excessive growth in pepper seedlings, with foliar spraying being the most effective. The treatments with the best results, 25 mg / L chlormequat, 100 mg / L diniconazole, and 2000 mg / L diaminozidine, were recommended for production. Further trials will be conducted with these three treatments to identify a combination of chemical control agents that synergistically achieves both height control and strong seedling growth.

[0027] Dissolve diaminozidine in water to obtain reagent I with a concentration of 2000 mg / L; dissolve diniconazole in water to obtain reagent II with a concentration of 100 mg / L; dissolve chlormequat in water to obtain reagent III with a concentration of 25 mg / L; mix diaminozidine, chlormequat and diniconazole in a volume ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain reagent IV; mix diaminozidine, chlormequat and diniconazole in a volume ratio of 1:1:2 to obtain reagent V; mix diaminozidine, chlormequat and diniconazole in a volume ratio of 1:1:4 to obtain reagent VI; mix diaminozidine, chlormequat and diniconazole in a volume ratio of 1:1:10 to obtain reagent VII.

[0028] In both the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples, the reagent was sprayed at the beginning of the cotyledon flattening stage, the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and the 4-leaf 1-heart stage of the pepper seedlings. Before the spraying, almost all the seedlings were tall and had a tendency to grow too tall.

[0029] The spraying method is to use a small spray bottle to continuously and evenly spray each solution on the pepper seedlings in the morning on a sunny day at the cotyledon flattening stage, 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and 4-leaf 1-heart stage until liquid drips from the pepper leaves. There are 50 plants in each tray, and 30mL of each solution is sprayed on each tray, and each tray is sprayed once.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Spray the pepper seedlings with reagent I when the cotyledons are flat, spray with reagent II when they are at the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and spray with reagent III when they are at the 4-leaf 1-heart stage. Figure 1 It can be seen that the dwarfing effect of the plants is strong, and the stems are significantly thickened. The root system is well developed, which is significantly helpful for the flowering and fruiting of pepper seedlings and their yield in the later stage.

[0032] Comparative Example 1

[0033] The only difference from Example 1 is that distilled water replaces the sprayed reagent. Figure 2 It can be seen that the stems and leaves of the pepper seedlings are excessively elongated, the internodes become longer, the stems are thin and weak, and they grow too tall, with overall poor growth.

[0034] Comparative Example 2

[0035] The difference from Example 1 is that only Reagent I was sprayed at the cotyledon flattening stage, 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and 4-leaf 1-heart stage of pepper seedlings. Figure 3 It can be seen from the figure that the growth of pepper seedlings stagnates due to excessive growth control, and the stems are thin and weak, and the root system is poorly developed, which seriously affects the later flowering, fruiting and yield.

[0036] Comparative Example 3

[0037] The difference from Example 1 is that only Reagent II is sprayed during the cotyledon flattening stage, the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and the 4-leaf 1-heart stage of pepper seedlings.

[0038] Comparative Example 4

[0039] The difference from Example 1 is that only Reagent III was sprayed during the cotyledon flattening stage, 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and 4-leaf 1-heart stage of pepper seedlings. Figure 4 It can be seen that the dwarfing effect of the plant is poor, the stems are thin and weak, and the effect of controlling excessive growth is poor.

[0040] Comparative Example 5

[0041] The difference from Example 1 is that the pepper seedlings were sprayed with reagent III at the cotyledon flattening stage, sprayed with reagent II at the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and sprayed with reagent I at the 4-leaf 1-heart stage. Figure 5 It can be seen that the plants are severely dwarfed and the stems are short, which affects the plant's later yield.

[0042] Comparative Example 6

[0043] The difference from Example 1 is that the pepper seedlings were sprayed with reagent III at the cotyledon flattening stage, sprayed with reagent I at the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and sprayed with reagent II at the 4-leaf 1-heart stage. Figure 6 It can be seen that the pepper seedlings have thin stems, insufficient mechanical strength, loose and non-compact plant shapes, and poor lodging resistance.

[0044] Comparative Example 7

[0045] The difference from Example 1 is that reagent II is sprayed when the cotyledons of pepper seedlings are flat, reagent III is sprayed when they have 2 leaves and 1 heart, and reagent I is sprayed when they have 4 leaves and 1 heart.

[0046] Comparative Example 8

[0047] The difference from Example 1 is that the pepper seedlings are sprayed with reagent II when the cotyledons are flattened, sprayed with reagent I when they have 2 leaves and 1 heart, and sprayed with reagent III when they have 4 leaves and 1 heart.

[0048] Comparative Example 9

[0049] The difference from Example 1 is that the pepper seedlings were sprayed with reagent I at the cotyledon stage, sprayed with reagent III at the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and sprayed with reagent II at the 4-leaf 1-heart stage. Figure 7 It can be seen that the pepper seedlings are obviously dwarfed, with thin stems, light-colored leaves, and weak growth, which may lead to reduced photosynthetic efficiency of the plants.

[0050] Comparative Example 10

[0051] The difference from Example 1 is that only Reagent IV is sprayed during the cotyledon flattening stage, the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and the 4-leaf 1-heart stage of the pepper seedlings.

[0052] Comparative Example 11

[0053] The difference from Example 1 is that only Reagent V was sprayed during the cotyledon flattening stage, the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and the 4-leaf 1-heart stage of the pepper seedlings.

[0054] Comparative Example 12

[0055] The difference from Example 1 is that only reagent VI is sprayed during the cotyledon flattening stage, the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and the 4-leaf 1-heart stage of pepper seedlings.

[0056] Comparative Example 13

[0057] The difference from Example 1 is that only Reagent VII is sprayed during the cotyledon flattening stage, the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and the 4-leaf 1-heart stage of pepper seedlings.

[0058]

[0059] The measurement was started when the pepper seedlings grew to the stage of 6 leaves and 1 heart.

[0060] As can be seen in Table 2, the plant height, stem diameter, and hypocotyl length of pepper seedlings sprayed with the reagent described in Example 1 all showed significant changes compared to those treated with the control. Plant height decreased in all comparative examples compared to those sprayed with distilled water (Comparative Example 1), with decreases of 55.59%, 62.03%, 42.52%, 61.62%, 60.73%, 64.75%, 65.70%, 54.64%, 61.68%, 66.06%, 61.56%, 62.21%, and 52.10%, respectively. However, only after spraying Example 1 did the stem diameter of the pepper seedlings increase, with an increase of 6.90%. This shows that spraying the reagent described in Example 1 according to the method of the present invention can reduce the height of pepper plants, and the key is that only Example 1 can increase the stem thickness of pepper seedlings, and truly play a role in controlling the excessive growth of pepper seedlings; while Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 4, Comparative Example 5, Comparative Example 6, Comparative Example 7, Comparative Example 8, Comparative Example 9, Comparative Example 10, Comparative Example 11, Comparative Example 12, and Comparative Example 13 only play a role in dwarfing the plants, and the effect is poorer than that of Example 1.

[0061]

[0062] Biomass is one of the important physiological indicators of crop growth and development, and plays an important role in the study and consideration of crop growth and development and its productivity.

[0063] As can be seen from Table 3, compared with the treatment of spraying distilled water (Comparative Example 1), each comparative example and embodiment can reduce the aboveground fresh weight of pepper seedlings, with a decrease of 68.46%, 59.06%, 20.81%, 59.73%, 50.34%, 55.70%, 56.38%, 52.35%, 49.66%, 48.32%, 47.65%, 64.43% and 9.40% respectively; while only after spraying comparative example 6, comparative example 9 and embodiment 1, the underground fresh weight of pepper seedlings increased significantly, with an increase of 43.24%, 2.70% and 53. 75%, and there is a significant difference between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1; Compared with the treatment with distilled water, the comparative example and the embodiment can reduce the aboveground dry mass of the pepper seedlings, with a decrease of 76.92%, 69.23%, 38.46%, 61.54%, 61.54%, 61.54%, 61.54%, 53.85%, 46.15%, 61.54%, 61.54%, 23.08% respectively; and only after spraying comparative example 6 and Example 1, the underground dry mass of the pepper seedlings increased significantly, with an increase of 25.00% and 42.86% respectively. This shows that spraying the reagent described in Example 1 according to the inventive method can reduce the aboveground mass of the pepper seedlings and increase the underground mass of the pepper seedlings, and the key of these two indicators is to increase the quality of the underground part, which can significantly improve the quality of the pepper seedlings. Example 1 has a significant advantage in increasing the quality data of the underground part compared with other comparative examples; while other comparative examples are less effective than Example 1.

[0064]

[0065] The root-to-shoot ratio can better reflect the relationship between the aboveground and underground biomass of a plant. The seedling strength coefficient can more objectively reflect the growth status and quality of seedlings.

[0066] As can be seen from Table 4, the root-to-shoot ratio and the seedling growth coefficient of the pepper seedlings sprayed with the reagent described in Example 1 were significantly changed. Compared with the treatment of spraying distilled water (Comparative Example 1), except for Comparative Example 2, the root-to-shoot ratio of each comparative example and Example 1 increased, with increases of 54.84%, 54.84%, 93.55%, 96.77%, 87.10%, 96.77%, 83.87%, 87.10%, 48.39%, 93.55%, 51.61%, and 90.32%, respectively. Among them, the better effects were Comparative Example 5, Comparative Example 6, Comparative Example 8, Comparative Example 12, and Example 1; and only after spraying Comparative Example 6, Comparative Example 8, Comparative Example 11, and Example 1, the seedling growth coefficient of the pepper seedlings increased, with increases of 36.36%, 36.36%, 14.29%, and 85.71%, respectively. This shows that spraying the reagent described in Example 1 according to the method of the present invention can not only increase the root-crown ratio of pepper seedlings, but also increase the strong seedling coefficient, thereby enhancing the growth of pepper plants, and the strong seedling coefficient, a key factor in controlling excessive growth, has a very significant increase compared with other comparative examples; while the other comparative examples have poorer effects than Example 1.

Claims

1. A method for controlling excessive growth of pepper seedlings in plug trays, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Prepare solutions of the following concentrations: 15-25 mg / L chlormequat, 80-100 mg / L diniconazole, and 1800-2000 mg / L diaminozidine; (2) Spraying the solution of step (1) on peppers at the seedling stage, spraying the butyralidone solution when the peppers are at the flattening stage of the cotyledons, spraying the diniconazole solution when the peppers are at the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, and spraying the chlormequat solution when the peppers are at the 4-leaf 1-heart stage.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that There were 50 plants per tray, and 30 mL of each solution was sprayed per tray, and each solution was sprayed once per tray.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The solvent for preparing the solution is water.

4. A reagent composition for controlling excessive growth of pepper seedlings, characterized in that: The solution includes the following concentrations: 15-25 mg / L of chlormequat, 80-100 mg / L of diniconazole, and 1800-2000 mg / L of diaminozidine; Wherein, diaminobenzidine, chlormequat-chloride and diniconazole are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1; or diaminobenzidine, chlormequat-chloride and diniconazole are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:2; or diaminobenzidine, chlormequat-chloride and diniconazole are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:4; or diaminobenzidine, chlormequat-chloride and diniconazole are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:

10.

5. The reagent composition according to claim 4, characterized in that The solvent for preparing the solution is water.

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