A skin tension reducer and tension reduction method based on full-cycle regulation

Abstract

This invention discloses a skin tension reducer and method based on full-cycle regulation, belonging to the field of medical aesthetics technology. The skin tension reducer includes a left auxiliary film, a right auxiliary film, multiple tension adjustment devices, and a tension detection device. The adjustment device includes a fixed guide block, a traction belt, and a conical spiral tensioner. Two guide blocks are fixed at the same height on the left and right auxiliary films, respectively. Each guide block has a conical internal thread and a guide hole, and the conical spiral tensioner is threaded into the conical guide hole. One end of a traction belt is connected to the conical spiral tensioner on the left auxiliary film, and the other end is fixed to the fixed guide block on the right auxiliary film via the guide hole. The tension detection device includes strain gauges, a tension acquisition plate, and a handheld display. Each traction belt has a strain gauge attached to it for detecting the tension of the traction belt. This invention can dynamically manage tension reduction throughout the entire healing cycle of skin wounds, achieving high-quality tension reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical aesthetics technology, specifically to a skin tension reducer and tension reduction method based on full-cycle regulation. Background Technology

[0002] Skin plays vital physiological roles in the human body, including protecting the body from external harm, regulating body temperature, and sensing touch. However, after trauma or surgery, the recovery process of the skin and its underlying tissues can be affected by excessive or uneven tension, leading to slow wound healing and even problems such as wound dehiscence, infection, and scar hyperplasia. Therefore, controlling and managing tension in the wound area is crucial for promoting wound healing and reducing scar formation. Traditional tension management methods, such as layered suturing and flap transplantation, can alleviate local tension to some extent, but these methods rely on the health of the tissue in the wound area and may cause side effects such as wound expansion or prolonged postoperative recovery time. Furthermore, traditional suturing techniques cannot precisely regulate the tension in the wound area, and in some special locations, such as joints or areas with loose skin, traditional methods may have limited effectiveness. Therefore, how to achieve precise tension control through scientific means and avoid excessive local skin tension from becoming an obstacle to healing has become an urgent problem to be solved by the medical community.

[0003] Skin tension reducers, as a specially designed medical device, are designed to precisely adjust the tension of the wound area through mechanical principles. The basic principle is to apply directional tension through the device to gradually reduce the skin tension on both sides of the wound, thereby improving the wound healing environment and avoiding the negative effects of excessive tension on the skin and tissues.

[0004] In the prior art, Chinese patent CN113712619A discloses a skin tension reducer, which mainly achieves adjustment and stable fixation through the cooperative design of first and second adjusting plates and straps. However, this solution has problems such as low tension adjustment accuracy and poor adaptability. Chinese patent CN103892877A discloses a skin tension reducer, which includes patches on both sides of the skin wound and a fixing skeleton strip, with a locking device for adjusting the connecting strip on the fixing skeleton strip. However, this skin tension reducer has problems such as adaptability to complex wound sites and long-term wearing comfort, especially its applicability to curved or large-area wounds and the need for reverse adjustment tools. Chinese patent CN217772420U discloses an adjustable skin tension reducer, which mainly includes components such as adjusting plate, handle, connecting rod, shaft, baffle and steel wire, thereby achieving adjustment of tension on both sides of the wound. However, the durability of the steel wire and spring may decrease over long-term use, and its adaptability to complex or irregular wounds is limited.

[0005] In summary, existing skin tension reducers suffer from problems such as poor adaptability, low adjustment precision, poor comfort, and complex operation. Furthermore, many tension reducers are difficult to adapt to wounds of different shapes or types, and their insufficient tension adjustment precision affects the healing effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to propose a skin tension reducer and tension reduction method based on full-cycle adjustment, so as to solve the problems of difficulty in adjustment, inaccurate tension control, easy fall-off and high allergy rate of existing tension reducers.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention proposes a skin tension reducer based on full-cycle adjustment, comprising:

[0009] Left auxiliary film, right auxiliary film, both are the same size;

[0010] At least one tension adjusting device; the tension adjusting device includes a fixed guide block, a traction belt, and a conical spiral tensioner; there are two fixed guide blocks, which are respectively fixed at the same height on the left auxiliary film and the right auxiliary film; a conical inner hole and a guide hole are provided on the fixed guide block, the conical inner hole is provided with an internal thread, and the conical spiral tensioner is threadedly connected to the conical inner hole; one end of the traction belt is connected to the conical spiral tensioner located on the left auxiliary film, and the other end is fixed to the fixed guide block located on the right auxiliary film through the guide hole; one end of the other traction belt is connected to the conical spiral tensioner located on the right auxiliary film, and the other end is fixed to the fixed guide block located on the left auxiliary film through the guide hole;

[0011] The tension detection device includes a tension acquisition plate, a handheld display, and strain gauges. Each traction belt is fitted with a strain gauge to detect the tension of the traction belt. In each tension adjustment device, a tension acquisition plate is installed in one of the fixed guide blocks, and the strain gauges are electrically connected to the tension acquisition plate. The tension acquisition plate is wirelessly connected to the handheld display to display the tension information of the traction belt on the handheld display.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the left auxiliary film and the right auxiliary film are made of medical-grade skin-friendly silicone material.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom surfaces of the left auxiliary film and the right auxiliary film are evenly distributed with micro-protrusions, the height of the micro-protrusions being between 0.1 and 0.3 mm and the spacing being 0.5 mm.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of parallel strip-shaped ventilation grooves are evenly distributed on the left auxiliary film and the right auxiliary film.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention also proposes a skin tension reduction method, based on the aforementioned skin tension reduction device with full-cycle adjustment, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step S1: Select a skin tension reducer of appropriate size according to the length and width of the patient's skin wound;

[0017] Step S2: Peel off the protective film from the back of the left and right auxiliary dressings and stick them on the corresponding positions on both sides of the patient's wound.

[0018] Step S3: Pass the traction band through the corresponding fixed guide block and the conical spiral tensioner and fix it. Attach the two fixed guide blocks to the corresponding positions on the front of the left and right auxiliary films and keep them at the same height. Select the number of tension adjustment devices and the spacing between two adjacent tension adjustment devices according to the length of the wound.

[0019] Step S4: Simultaneously rotate the conical spiral tensioner on each tension adjustment device to move it outward, increasing the tension of the traction belt. The tension of the traction belt is dynamically read through strain gauges and tension acquisition plates, combined with the matching portable handheld display.

[0020] Step S5: When the tension of the traction belt reaches the predetermined value, stop tightening the conical spiral tensioner and fix the traction belt. When the wound is of a regular shape, keep the tension of each traction belt consistent. When the wound is irregular, adjust the tension of the traction belt dynamically by using strain gauges and tension acquisition plates, combined with the matching portable handheld display, from the widest to the narrowest wound width. Adjust the tension of the two traction belts of the tension adjustment device one by one, so that the tension decreases gradually from the position where the wound width is larger to the position where the wound width is smaller, so as to meet the tension requirements of different positions of the same wound.

[0021] Step S6: Repeat steps S5 and S6 according to the degree of wound healing to achieve dynamic and precise adjustment of the traction band tension.

[0022] Step S7: When the wound is healing, rotate the conical spiral tensioner to move it inward so that the traction belt is no longer tensile.

[0023] Step S8: Gently peel off the left and right auxiliary films respectively to complete the tension reduction operation.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages:

[0025] (1) The present invention monitors the skin tension in the wound area in real time through a tension detection device, and can accurately adjust the pulling force according to the tension change to ensure that the tension on both sides of the wound is always in the optimal healing range, avoid excessive traction causing pressure damage, and disperse the tension concentration of the wound, effectively promote the rapid healing of the wound, and accurately adapt to the characteristics of each stage of wound healing.

[0026] (2) The left and right auxiliary films are made of medical-grade skin-friendly silicone material, which is soft, breathable and biocompatible, reducing the risk of skin irritation and allergies; the special microstructure at the bottom increases friction to prevent it from falling off, and also has a sweat-absorbing function to create a good healing environment for the wound; the surface strip ventilation grooves can ensure air circulation, accelerate sweat evaporation, improve patient comfort, and do not affect the strength of the film structure and the fit effect.

[0027] (3) Multiple tension adjustment devices are symmetrically and evenly distributed to ensure balanced and stable tension; each tension adjustment device is equipped with a conical spiral tensioner at both ends, which can simultaneously perform symmetrical traction to make the tension on both sides of the wound uniform; and the tension of different tension adjustment devices can be set to different tensions according to the different wound widths, so that the overall width of the wound tends to be the same.

[0028] (4) The two traction belts are made of high-strength, low-elasticity modulus medical fiber material, which can not only bear sufficient tension, but also adapt to the small deformation in skin repair and avoid additional traction damage; the surface of the fixed guide block is smooth and the design of the circular guide hole ensures the linear movement of the traction belt, accurately transmits tension and reduces friction; the conical spiral tensioner is easy to operate, which can not only clamp the traction belt to prevent loosening, but also realize the locking and disassembly functions.

[0029] (5) The strain gauge, as a miniature thin-film sensor, accurately detects the changes in tension of the traction belt in real time with an accuracy of up to 0.05N, providing reliable data support for precise tension adjustment; the tension acquisition board has a built-in high-performance microprocessor and a low-power Bluetooth communication module, which simplifies wiring and transmits data to a handheld display in real time, allowing medical staff or patients to obtain dynamic and visual tension information at any time, and achieve precise control over the trauma repair process.

[0030] (6) This invention can be applied to the tension requirements of regular and irregular wounds at different locations. Users can easily adjust the tension according to the wound condition to meet the diverse tension requirements of different wounds and comprehensively improve its practical effectiveness in wound repair, plastic surgery and burn treatment.

[0031] (7) The present invention can manage and regulate the wound tension throughout the entire cycle from wound formation to healing, implement meticulous management, and minimize scar hyperplasia. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the skin tension reducer based on full-cycle adjustment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Rear view;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the skin tension reducer based on full-cycle adjustment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tension adjustment device;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conical spiral tensioner;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tension detection device of the present invention;

[0038] Reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Left auxiliary film; 1-1-Micro protrusion; 1-2-Strip-shaped ventilation groove; 2-Right auxiliary film; 3-Tension adjustment device; 3-1-Fixed guide block; 3-1-1-Guide hole; 3-2-Traction belt; 3-3-Conical spiral tensioner; 3-3-1-Knob; 3-3-2-Conical external thread; 4-Tension acquisition plate; 5-Handheld display; 6-Strain gauge. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a skin tension reducer based on full-cycle adjustment includes a left auxiliary film 1, a right auxiliary film 2, three tension adjustment devices 3, and a tension detection device. The left auxiliary film 1 and the right auxiliary film 2 are the same size and are spaced a certain distance apart, with their upper ends flush. The three tension adjustment devices 3 are arranged parallel to each other at a certain interval.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the left auxiliary patch 1 and the right auxiliary patch 2 are made of medical-grade skin-friendly silicone. On the back of both patches, micro-protrusions 1-1 are arranged in a row. These micro-protrusions 1-1 are made of medical-grade silicone and not only increase friction with the skin, preventing the tension reliever from accidentally falling off during daily activities, but also have a certain sweat-absorbing function, keeping the skin around the wound dry and clean, creating a favorable environment for wound healing.

[0042] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the tension adjusting device 3 includes a fixed guide block 3-1, a traction belt 3-2, and a conical spiral tensioner 3-3. The fixed guide block 3-1 has two parallel guide holes 3-1-1 for the traction belt 3-2 to pass through, guiding the traction belt 3-2. The fixed guide block 3-1 also has a conical inner hole (not shown in the figure) with internal threads, and the conical spiral tensioner 3-3 is threaded into the conical inner hole. Specifically, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, the conical spiral tensioner 3-3 includes a rotation 3-3-1 and a conical external thread 3-3-2.

[0043] One end of the traction belt 3-2 is fixed to the conical spiral tensioner 3-3, and the other end is fixed to the fixed guide block 3-1 on the right auxiliary film 2. The other traction belt 3-2 on the tension adjustment device 3 is installed in the opposite direction, and the two traction belts 3-2 are arranged in parallel.

[0044] like Figure 6 As shown, the tension detection device includes a tension acquisition plate 4, a handheld display 5, and strain gauges 6. The tension acquisition plate 4 is installed inside one of the two fixed guide blocks 3-1 of each tension adjustment device 3. The strain gauges 6 are attached to the traction belt 3-2 and are connected to the tension acquisition plate 4 via wires. The tension acquisition plate 4 has a built-in wireless transmission module for wireless communication with the handheld display 5. The working principle of the tension detection device is as follows: the strain gauges 6 detect the tension of the traction belt 3-2, transmit the tension signal to the tension acquisition plate 4, and then send it to the handheld display 5 for display.

[0045] This invention also proposes a method for reducing skin tension, specifically including the following steps:

[0046] Step S1: Select a skin tension reducer of appropriate size according to the length and width of the patient's skin wound;

[0047] Step S2: Peel off the protective film from the back of the left and right auxiliary dressings and stick them on the corresponding positions on both sides of the patient's wound.

[0048] Step S3: Pass the traction band through the corresponding fixed guide block 3-1 and the conical spiral tensioner and fix it. Attach the two fixed guide blocks 3-1 to the corresponding positions on the front of the left auxiliary film and the right auxiliary film and keep them at the same height. Select the number of tension adjustment devices and the spacing between two adjacent tension adjustment devices according to the length of the wound.

[0049] Step S4: Simultaneously tighten the conical spiral tensioner on each tension adjustment device 3 to increase the tension of the traction belt. The tension of the traction belt is dynamically read through strain gauges and tension acquisition plates, combined with the matching portable handheld display.

[0050] Step S5: When the tension of the traction belt reaches the predetermined value, stop tightening the conical spiral tensioner and fix the traction belt. When the wound is of a regular shape, keep the tension of each traction belt consistent. When the wound is irregular, adjust the tension of the traction belt dynamically by using strain gauges and tension acquisition plates, combined with the matching portable handheld display, from the widest to the narrowest wound width. Adjust the tension of the two traction belts of the tension adjustment device one by one, so that the tension decreases gradually from the position where the wound width is larger to the position where the wound width is smaller, so as to meet the tension requirements of different positions of the same wound.

[0051] Step S6: Repeat steps S5 and S6 according to the degree of wound healing to achieve dynamic and precise adjustment of the traction band tension.

[0052] Step S7: When the wound has healed, loosen the conical spiral tensioner to remove tension from the traction belt;

[0053] Step S8: Gently peel off the left and right auxiliary films respectively to complete the tension reduction operation.

[0054] The advantages of this invention are that the tension adjustment device 3 can be adjusted bidirectionally, and the length of the traction band 3-2 can be easily fine-tuned through the conical spiral tensioner 3-3, thereby shrinking the wound and controlling its shape. By setting up the tension detection device 3, the tension of each traction band 3-2 can be acquired in real time, and targeted adjustments can be made if there are changes in tension. This invention can be adjusted for both regular and irregular wounds, and can be observed through the handheld display 5, allowing for adjustment of the traction band 3-2 that exhibits tension changes. This invention can be adjusted throughout the entire wound tension reduction cycle, thereby enabling dynamic management of the wound shape to perfectly achieve the tension reduction objective.

[0055] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes that can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-cycle adjustment based skin tension reducer characterized in that, The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting.

2. The full-cycle adjustment based skin tensioner of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting.

3. The full-cycle adjustment based skin tensioner of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting.

4. The full-cycle accommodation based skin relaxer of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for skin grafting. The application relates to an auxiliary film for

Images