Low surfactant aerosol anti-dandruff composition

Abstract

The present invention relates to a foaming composition comprising from about 5% to about 13% of a total surfactant consisting of one or more anionic surfactants; from 0.1% to about 2% of a surfactant soluble anti-dandruff active; from about 3% to about 15% of a blowing agent, wherein the foaming composition has a pH of from about 3.5 to 6.5.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to aerosol anti-dandruff compositions having low surfactant concentrations which provide deposition of actives and improved hair feel while maintaining composition efficacy. Background Art

[0002] Antidandruff shampoos have been widely used for many years to treat dandruff and cleanse the hair and scalp, but there remains a need for improved antidandruff shampoos. Generally speaking, antidandruff shampoos are formulated from an antidandruff agent in combination with a surfactant and an aqueous system designed to deposit the antidandruff agent on the scalp. The antidandruff agent may be an insoluble particulate such as zinc pyrithione and / or a surfactant-soluble substance such as climbazole or piroctone olamine. An important aspect of an antidandruff shampoo is its ability to adequately deposit the antidandruff agent on the scalp. This is particularly challenging in the case of surfactant-soluble antidandruff agents, where it can be difficult to demonstrate that the amount deposited on the scalp exceeds significantly more than 1%-2% of the amount of agent present in the product, while the remaining 98%-99% of the soluble agent in the formulation is rinsed away. Because many anti-dandruff agents can be relatively expensive, allowing more than 97% of the soluble agent to be rinsed away is tantamount to pouring money down the drain. Therefore, there remains a need for shampoos that can more effectively deposit soluble anti-dandruff agents. Furthermore, because consumers continue to desire shampoos with superior anti-dandruff efficacy, there remains a need for shampoos that can deposit a higher percentage of the soluble agent present in anti-dandruff shampoos onto the scalp.

[0003] The present invention has surprisingly discovered that shampoos containing relatively low surfactant concentrations delivered in a foam form can deliver increased amounts of surfactant-soluble anti-dandruff agents to the scalp. The low surfactant content of such shampoo compositions provides additional benefits. It is well known that low-surfactant compositions provide gentler cleansing with less skin irritation and hair fiber shedding. The compositions of the present invention rinse more quickly, yet they still provide (a) good wet feel and combability and (b) high sebum removal.

[0004] Without wishing to be bound by theory, the observed improved deposition of anti-dandruff actives on the scalp observed with low-surfactant shampoo compositions delivered as aerosol foams may be related to the use of a propellant in the composition. More specifically, the presence of a propellant in the shampoo composition may contribute to making the active less soluble in the shampoo because the propellant may be partially or completely contained within the surfactant micelles. Consequently, the solubility of the anti-dandruff active will be reduced, or in other words, the saturation concentration of the anti-dandruff active will be reduced, and as the propellant and aqueous carrier evaporate, the active will have a tendency to precipitate on the scalp as a water-insoluble material. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention relates to a foaming composition comprising from about 5% to about 13% of total surfactant consisting of one or more anionic surfactants; from 0.1% to about 2% of a surfactant-soluble anti-dandruff active; and from about 3% to about 15% of a foaming agent, wherein the foaming composition has a pH of from about 3.5 to 6.5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0006] While the specification concludes with claims which particularly point out and distinctly claim the invention, it is believed the present invention will be better understood from the following description.

[0007] As used herein, the term "fluid" includes liquids and gels.

[0008] As used herein, articles including "a" and "an" when used in a claim should be understood to mean one or more of what is claimed or described.

[0009] As used herein, "comprising" means that other steps and other ingredients that do not affect the end result can be added. This term encompasses the terms "consisting of" and "consisting essentially of."

[0010] As used herein, "mixture" is intended to include a simple combination of substances as well as any compounds that may result from their combination.

[0011] As used herein, unless otherwise indicated, "molecular weight" refers to weight average molecular weight.Molecular weight is measured using the industry standard method, gel permeation chromatography ("GPC").

[0012] As used herein, "personal care composition" includes compositions such as shampoos, shower gels, liquid hand cleansers, hair colorants, facial cleansers, and other surfactant-based liquid compositions.

[0013] As used herein, the terms "include," "comprising," and "including" are intended to be non-limiting, and are understood to mean "having," "having," and "including," respectively.

[0014] Unless otherwise specified, all percentages, parts and ratios are based upon the total weight of the compositions of the present invention. All weights as they pertain to listed ingredients are based on the active level and, therefore, do not include carriers or by-products that may be included in commercially available materials.

[0015] Unless otherwise indicated, all component or composition levels are in reference to the active portion of that component or composition and are exclusive of impurities, for example, residual solvents or by-products, that may be present in commercially available sources of such components or compositions.

[0016] It should be understood that every maximum numerical limitation given throughout this specification includes every lower numerical limitation, as if such lower numerical limitations were expressly written herein. Every minimum numerical limitation given throughout this specification will include every higher numerical limitation, as if such higher numerical limitations were expressly written herein. Every numerical range given throughout this specification will include every narrower numerical range that falls within such broader numerical range, as if such narrower numerical ranges were all expressly written herein.

[0017] Detergent surfactants

[0018] The hair care composition may contain greater than about 20% by weight of a surfactant system that provides cleansing performance to the composition. The surfactant system includes an anionic surfactant and / or a combination of an anionic surfactant and a co-surfactant selected from amphoteric, zwitterionic, nonionic, and mixtures thereof. Various examples and descriptions of detersive surfactants are shown in U.S. Patent No. 8,440,605; U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009 / 155383; and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009 / 0221463, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0019] The hair care compositions may comprise from about 18% to about 36%, from about 20% to about 32%, and / or from about 22% to about 28% of one or more anionic surfactants.

[0020] The composition of the present invention may further comprise an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of:

[0021] a)R1 O(CH2CHR3O) y SO3M,

[0022] b) CH3(CH2) z CHR2 CH2 O(CH2 CHR3O) ySO3M, and

[0023] c) mixtures thereof,

[0024] Where R1 represents CH3(CH2) 10 , R2 represents H or a hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such that the sum of the carbon atoms in z and R2 is 8, R3 is H or CH3, y is 0 to 7, when y is not zero (0), the average value of y is 1, and M is a monovalent or divalent positively charged cation.

[0025] Suitable anionic surfactants for use in the composition are alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates. Other suitable anionic surfactants are water-soluble salts of organic sulfuric acid reaction products. Other suitable anionic surfactants are the reaction products of fatty acids esterified with isethionates and neutralized with sodium hydroxide. Other similar anionic surfactants are described in U.S. Patents 2,486,921; 2,486,922; and 2,396,278, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0026] Exemplary anionic surfactants for use in the hair care composition include ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine laureth sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine laureth sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine laureth sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine laureth sulfate, sodium lauric monoglyceride sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, Potassium lauryl sulfate, potassium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauroyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauroyl sulfate, potassium cocoyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, sodium tridecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, undecyl sulfate, and combinations thereof. The anionic surfactant may be sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium laureth sulfate.

[0027] Suitable anionic alkyl sulfate and alkyl ether sulfate surfactants include, but are not limited to, those having branched alkyl chains synthesized from C8 to C18 2-alkyl branched alcohols selected from the group consisting of Guerbet alcohols, aldols, oxo alcohols, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of 2-alkyl branched alcohols include Guerbet alcohols such as 2-methyl-1-undecanol, 2-ethyl-1-decanol, 2-methyl-1-dodecanol, 2-butyl-1-octanol, 2-butyl-1-nonanol, 2-ethyl-1-undecanol, 2-propyl-1-nonanol, 2-pentyl-1-octanol, 2-pentyl-1-heptanol, and the like sold under the trade name (Sasol), and oxoalcohols, for example those sold under the trade names (Sasol), (Sasol), Those sold by (Shell),

[0028] The hair care composition may include a co-surfactant. The co-surfactant may be selected from amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. The co-surfactant may include, but is not limited to, lauramidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, lauryl hydroxysultaine, sodium lauroamphoacetate, coconut monoethanolamide, and mixtures thereof.

[0029] The hair care composition may also contain from about 1% to about 5%, from about 2% to about 4%, from about 2.5% to about 3% by weight of one or more amphoteric / zwitterionic, nonionic co-surfactants, or mixtures thereof.

[0030] Suitable amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants for use in the hair care compositions herein include those known for use in shampoos or other hair care cleansing formulations. Non-limiting examples of suitable zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants are described in U.S. Patents 5,104,646 and 5,106,609, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0031] Suitable amphoteric co-surfactants for use in the composition include those described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines, wherein the aliphatic radical may be straight or branched chain, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and one aliphatic substituent contains an anionic group such as a carboxyl, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Suitable amphoteric surfactants include, but are not limited to, those selected from the group consisting of sodium cocoylaminopropionate, sodium cocoylaminodipropionate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, sodium cocoamphopropionate, sodium cornamphopropionate, sodium lauraminopropionate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium lauroamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, sodium lauroamphopropionate, sodium cornamphopropionate, sodium lauriminodipropionate, ammonium cocoaminopropionate, ammonium cocoaminodipropionate, Ammonium cocoamphoacetate, ammonium cocoamphohydroxypropyl sulfonate, ammonium cocoamphopropionate, ammonium corn amphopropionate, ammonium laurylaminopropionate, ammonium lauroamphoacetate, ammonium lauroamphohydroxypropyl sulfonate, ammonium lauroamphopropionate, ammonium corn amphopropionate, ammonium lauryliminodipropionate, triethanolamine cocoylaminopropionate, triethanolamine cocoylaminodipropionate, triethanolamine cocoamphoacetate, triethanolamine cocoamphohydroxypropyl sulfonate, triethanolamine cocoamphopropionate, corn Triethanolamine Lauroylamphopropionate, Triethanolamine Lauroylaminopropionate, Triethanolamine Lauroylamphoacetate, Triethanolamine Lauroylamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Triethanolamine Lauroylamphopropionate, Triethanolamine Corn Oil Aminopropionate, Triethanolamine Lauriminodipropionate, Cocoamphodipropionic Acid, Disodium Capryloylamphodiacetate, Disodium Capryloylamphodipropionate, Disodium Capryloylamphodiacetate, Disodium Capryloylamphodipropionate, Disodium Cocoamphocarboxyethyl Hydroxypropylsulfonate, Cocoamphodi Disodium acetate, disodium cocoamphodipropionate, disodium dicarboxyethyl cocopropylenediamine, disodium laureth-5 carboxyamphodiacetate, disodium lauriminodipropionate, disodium lauroamphodiacetate, disodium lauroamphodipropionate, disodium oleylamphodipropionate, PPG-2-isodecyl ether-7 carboxyamphodiacetate, laurylaminopropionic acid, lauroamphodipropionic acid, laurylaminopropyl glycine, lauryldiethylenediaminoglycine, and mixtures thereof

[0032] The amphoteric co-surfactant may be a surfactant conforming to the following structure:

[0033]

[0034] wherein R12 is a C-attached monovalent substituent selected from a substituted alkyl system containing 9 to 15 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted alkyl system containing 9 to 15 carbon atoms, a linear alkyl system containing 9 to 15 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl system containing 9 to 15 carbon atoms, and an unsaturated alkyl system containing 9 to 15 carbon atoms; R13, R14 and R15 are each independently selected from a C-attached divalent linear alkyl system containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms and a C-attached divalent branched alkyl system containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and M+ is a monovalent counterion selected from sodium, ammonium and protonated triethanolamine. The amphoteric surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphodiacetate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium lauroamphodiacetate, ammonium lauroamphoacetate, ammonium cocoamphoacetate, triethanolamine lauroamphoacetate, triethanolamine cocoamphoacetate, and mixtures thereof.

[0035] The composition may comprise a zwitterionic co-surfactant, wherein the zwitterionic surfactant is a derivative of an aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium and sulfonium compound, wherein the aliphatic radical may be straight chain or branched, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one of the aliphatic substituents contains an anionic group such as carboxyl, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate. The zwitterionic surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of: cocamidoethyl betaine, cocamidopropylamine oxide, cocamidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl dimethylaminohydroxypropyl hydrolyzed collagen, cocamidopropyl dimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed collagen, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, cocobetaine amidoamphopropionate, cocobetaine, cocohydroxysultaine, coco / oleamidopropyl betaine, cocosulfobetaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, lauryl betaine, lauryl hydroxysultaine, lauryl sultaine, and mixtures thereof. A suitable zwitterionic surfactant is lauryl hydroxysultaine. The zwitterionic surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of: lauryl hydroxysultaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, coco betaine, coco hydroxysultaine, coco sultaine, lauryl betaine, lauryl sultaine, and mixtures thereof.

[0036] The auxiliary surfactant may be a zwitterionic surfactant, wherein the zwitterionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of lauryl hydroxysulfobetaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxysulfobetaine, coco betaine, coco hydroxysulfobetaine, coco sulfobetaine, lauryl betaine, lauryl sulfobetaine, and mixtures thereof.

[0037] The auxiliary surfactant may be a nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of cocamide, cocamide methyl MEA, cocamide DEA, cocamide MEA, cocamide MIPA, lauramide DEA, lauramide MEA, lauramide MIPA, myristicamide DEA, myristicamide MEA, PEG-20 cocamide MEA, PEG-2 cocamide, PEG-3 cocamide, PEG-4 cocamide, PEG-5 cocamide, PEG-6 cocamide, PEG-7 cocamide, PEG-3 lauramide, PEG-5 lauramide, PEG-3 oleamide, PPG-2 cocamide, PPG-2 hydroxyethyl cocamide, and mixtures thereof.

[0038] Non-limiting examples of other anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric and nonionic additional surfactants suitable for use in the hair care compositions are described in McCutcheon's Emulsifiers and Detergents (1989 Annual, published by MC Publishing Co.) and U.S. Patents 3,929,678; 2,658,072; 2,438,091; 2,528,378, the entireties of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0039] Non-sulfate surfactants

[0040] Substantially sulfate-free suitable surfactants may include isethionates, sulfonates, sulfosuccinates, sulfoacetates, acyl glucosides, acyl glycinates, acyl sarcosinates, acyl glutamates, acyl alaninates, alkyl glucosides, alkyl polyglucosides, acyl glucosides, glucamides, glucose carboxylates, amphoacetates, taurates, other acylamino acids, betaines, sulfobetaines, and / or phosphates. Substantially sulfate-free suitable surfactants may include carboxylic acids.

[0041] Viscosity reducers

[0042] The hair care composition may comprise from about 1% to about 5%, alternatively from about 2% to about 4%, alternatively from about 1% to about 3%, by weight of the hair care composition, of one or more viscosity reducing agents.

[0043] The viscosity reducing agent may be selected from the group consisting of ethanol, dipropylene glycol, sodium xylene sulfonate, alkoxylated silicone / ethoxylated silicone / propoxylated silicone / polyoxyethylene silicone / polyoxypropylene silicone / polyethylene glycol silicone / PEG-8 silicone / PEG-9 silicone / PEG-n silicone / silicone ether (n may be another integer), non-limiting examples of which include PEG8-dimethicone A208) MW 855, PEG 8 dimethicone D208 MW 2706, Silsurf, and combinations thereof.

[0044] The hair care compositions described herein may have a liquid phase viscosity (composition prior to the addition of a propellant) of from about 8 centipoise to about 25,000 centipoise, alternatively from about 9 centipoise to about 15,000 centipoise, alternatively from about 10 centipoise to about 11,000 centipoise, alternatively from about 100 centipoise to about 3,000 centipoise. Furthermore, the viscosity measured at 25°C may be less than 3,000 centipoise. Concentrated hair composition viscosity values can be measured using a TA Instruments AR-G2 rheometer with attached concentric cylinders at 25°C and a shear rate of 2 s-1. In the present invention, the hair care composition may have a viscosity within a range that allows for easy dispensing from a packaging configuration.

[0045] Water-miscible solvents

[0046] The composition may include water-miscible glycols and other glycols. Non-limiting examples include dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 2,2-propylene glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, 2,3-butylene glycol, 1-propylene, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-(1E), and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol.

[0047] Soluble anti-dandruff agent

[0048] The anti-dandruff agent may be one or a mixture of materials selected from the following: azoles, such as climbazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, econazole and conazole; hydroxypyridones, such as hydroxymethyloctopirone (piroctone olamine salt), hydroxypyridone, N-hydroxy-6-octyloxypyridin-2(1H)one, hexamidine di(isethionate), ciclopirox, lilopirazone and MEA-hydroxyoctyloxypyridone; keratolytic agents, such as salicylic acid and other hydroxy acids; strobilurins, such as azoxystrobin; and metal chelators, such as 1,10-phenanthroline.

[0049] In the present invention, azoles antimicrobial can be imidazoles, it is selected from: benzimidazole, benzothiazole, bifonazole, butoconazole nitrate, climbazole, clotrimazole, kruconazole, iberconazole, econazole, new conazole, fenticonazole, fluconazole, fluorotriazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, ranoconazole, metronidazole, miconazole, neticonazole, omoconazole, oxiconazole nitrate, sertaconazole, sulconazole nitrate, tioconazole, thiazole and their mixture, or described azoles antimicrobial is a triazole, it is selected from: terconazole, itraconazole and their mixture.Azoles antimicrobial can be ketoconazole.

[0050] Soluble anti-dandruff agents may be present at levels of from about 0.01% to about 10%, from about 0.1% to about 2%, and from 0.6% to about 1%, and from about 0.5% to about 0.8%.Soluble anti-dandruff agents may be surfactant soluble and thus may be surfactant soluble anti-dandruff agents.

[0051] Cationic polymers

[0052] The hair care composition further comprises a cationic polymer. These cationic polymers may include at least one of: (a) a cationic guar gum polymer, (b) a cationic non-guar galactomannan polymer, (c) a cationic tapioca polymer, (d) a cationic copolymer of an acrylamide monomer and a cationic monomer, and / or (e) a synthetic, non-crosslinked cationic polymer that may or may not form a lyotropic liquid crystal upon combination with a detersive surfactant, (f) a cationic cellulose polymer. Furthermore, the cationic polymer may be a mixture of cationic polymers.

[0053] Hair care compositions may include cationic guar gum polymers, which are cationically substituted galactomannan (guar) gum derivatives. The guar gum used to prepare these guar gum derivatives is typically obtained as naturally occurring material from the seeds of the guar gum plant. The guar gum molecule itself is a linear mannan branched at regular intervals with monogalactose units on alternating mannose units. The mannose units are linked to each other via β(1-4) glycosidic linkages. Galactose branching occurs via α(1-6) bonds. Cationic derivatives of guar gum are obtained by reaction between the hydroxyl groups of the polygalactomannan and a reactive quaternary ammonium compound. The degree of substitution of the cationic groups onto the guar gum structure should be sufficient to provide the desired cationic charge density as described above.

[0054] Cationic polymers, including but not limited to cationic guar polymers, can have a molecular weight of less than 1,000,000 g / mol, or from about 10,000 g / mol to about 1,000,000 g / mol, or from about 25,000 g / mol to about 1,000,000 g / mol, or from about 50,000 g / mol to about 1,000,000 g / mol, or from about 100,000 g / mol to about 1,000,000 g / mol. Cationic guar polymers can have a charge density of from about 0.2 meq / g to about 2.2 meq / g, or from about 0.3 meq / g to about 2.0 meq / g, or from about 0.4 meq / g to about 1.8 meq / g; or from about 0.5 meq / g to about 1.7 meq / g.

[0055] The cationic guar polymer can have a weight average molecular weight of less than about 1,000,000 g / mol and a charge density of about 0.1 meq / g to about 2.5 meq / g. The cationic guar polymer can have a weight average molecular weight of less than 950,000 g / mol, or from about 10,000 g / mol to about 900,000 g / mol, or from about 25,000 g / mol to about 900,000 g / mol, or from about 50,000 g / mol to about 900,000 g / mol, or from about 100,000 g / mol to about 900,000 g / mol, or from about 150,000 g / mol to about 800,000 g / mol. The cationic guar polymer may have a charge density of from about 0.2 meq / g to about 2.2 meq / g, or from about 0.3 meq / g to about 2.0 meq / g, or from about 0.4 meq / g to about 1.8 meq / g; or from about 0.5 meq / g to about 1.5 meq / g.

[0056] The hair care composition can comprise from about 0.05% to less than about 1%, from about 0.05% to about 0.9%, from about 0.1% to about 0.8%, or from about 0.2% to about 0.7% of cationic polymer (a), based on the total weight of the composition.

[0057] Cationic guar gum polymers can be formed from quaternary ammonium compounds. The quaternary ammonium compounds used to form cationic guar gum polymers can conform to Formula 1:

[0058]

[0059] where R 3 、R 4 and R 5 is a methyl or ethyl group; R 6 is an alkylene oxide group having the general formula 2:

[0060]

[0061] or R 6 is a halohydrin group having the general formula 3:

[0062]

[0063] where R 7 is a C1 to C3 alkylene group; X is chlorine or bromine, and Z is an anion such as Cl-, Br-, I- or HSO4-.

[0064] In one embodiment, the cationic guar polymer conforms to Formula 4:

[0065]

[0066] where R 8 is guar gum; and wherein R 4 、R 5 、R 6 and R 7 As defined above; and wherein Z is halogen. In one embodiment, the cationic guar polymer conforms to Formula 5:

[0067]

[0068] Suitable cationic guar gum polymers include cationic guar gum derivatives such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. In one embodiment, the cationic guar gum polymer is guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. Specific examples of guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride include those commercially available from Rhone-Poulenc Incorporated. series, such as those commercially available from Rhodia C-500. C-500 has a charge density of 0.8 meq / g and a molecular weight of 500,000 g / mol. Other suitable guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chlorides are: guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride having a charge density of about 1.1 meq / g and a molecular weight of about 500,000 g / mol and available from ASI, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride having a charge density of about 1.5 meq / g and a molecular weight of about 500,000 g / mol and available from ASI. Other suitable guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chlorides are: Hi-Care 1000, which has a charge density of about 0.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of about 600,000 g / mol and is available from Rhodia; N-Hance 3269 and N-Hance 3270, which have a charge density of about 0.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of about 425,000 g / mol and are available from ASI; AquaCat CG518, which has a charge density of about 0.9 meq / g and a molecular weight of about 50,000 g / mol and is available from ASI. BF-13, a borate (boron)-free guar gum having a charge density of about 1.1 meq / g and a molecular weight of about 800,000, and BF-17, a borate (boron)-free guar gum having a charge density of about 1.7 meq / g and a MWt of about 800,000, were both purchased from ASI.

[0069] The hair care composition may comprise a galactomannan polymer derivative having a mannose to galactose ratio of greater than 2:1 on a monomer-to-monomer basis, the galactomannan polymer derivative being selected from a cationic galactomannan polymer derivative and an amphoteric galactomannan polymer derivative having a net positive charge. As used herein, the term "cationic galactomannan" refers to a galactomannan polymer to which cationic groups have been incorporated. The term "amphipathic galactomannan" refers to a galactomannan polymer to which both cationic and anionic groups have been incorporated such that the polymer has a net positive charge.

[0070] Galactomannan polymers are found in the endosperm of leguminous seeds. Galactomannan polymers are composed of a combination of mannose and galactose monomers. Galactomannan molecules are linear mannans branched at regular intervals with single galactose units on specific mannose units. The mannose units are linked to each other via β(1-4) glycosidic linkages. Galactose branching occurs via α(1-6) linkages. The ratio of mannose monomers to galactose monomers varies depending on the plant variety and is also affected by climate. Non-guar galactomannan polymer derivatives can have a mannose to galactose ratio of greater than 2:1 on a monomer-to-monomer basis. Suitable mannose to galactose ratios can be greater than about 3:1, and mannose to galactose ratios can be greater than about 4:1. Analysis of the mannose to galactose ratio is well known in the art and is generally based on measurement of galactose content.

[0071] The gums used to prepare the non-guar galactomannan polymer derivatives are typically obtained as naturally occurring materials, such as seeds or bean-shaped fruits from plants. Examples of various non-guar galactomannan polymers include, but are not limited to, tara gum (3 parts mannose to 1 part galactose), locust bean gum or carob gum (4 parts mannose to 1 part galactose), and cassia gum (5 parts mannose to 1 part galactose).

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, the non-guar galactomannan polymer derivative has a molecular weight of about 1,000 to about 1,000,000, and / or about 5,000 to about 900,000.

[0073] The hair care compositions of the present invention may also include a galactomannan polymer derivative having a cationic charge density of from about 0.5 meq / g to about 7 meq / g. In one embodiment, the galactomannan polymer derivative has a cationic charge density of from about 1 meq / g to about 5 meq / g. The degree of substitution of cationic groups on the galactomannan structure should be sufficient to provide the desired cationic charge density.

[0074] The galactomannan polymer derivative can be a cationic derivative of a non-guar galactomannan polymer obtained by reacting the hydroxyl groups of the polygalactomannan polymer with a reactive quaternary ammonium compound. Suitable quaternary ammonium compounds for forming cationic galactomannan polymer derivatives include those conforming to Formulas 1 to 5 as defined above.

[0075] The cationic non-guar galactomannan polymer derivative formed by the above reagents is represented by Formula 6:

[0076]

[0077] wherein R is a gum. The cationic galactomannan derivative may be gum hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, which may be more specifically represented by general formula 7:

[0078]

[0079] Alternatively, the galactomannan polymer derivative may be an amphoteric galactomannan polymer derivative having a net positive charge, and when the cationic galactomannan polymer derivative further comprises an anionic group, an amphoteric galactomannan polymer derivative is obtained.

[0080] The cationic non-guar galactomannans can have a mannose to galactose ratio greater than about 4:1, a molecular weight of about 50,000 g / mol to about 1,000,000 g / mol, and / or about 100,000 g / mol to about 900,000 g / mol, and a cationic charge density of about 1 meq / g to about 5 meq / g, and / or 2 meq / g to about 4 meq / g, and can also be derived from the cinnamon plant.

[0081] The hair care composition may comprise at least about 0.05% of the galactomannan polymer derivative, by weight of the composition, or from about 0.05% to about 2% of the galactomannan polymer derivative, by weight of the composition.

[0082] The hair care composition may include a water-soluble, cationically modified starch polymer. As used herein, the term "cationically modified starch" refers to starch to which cationic groups have been added prior to degradation of the starch to a lower molecular weight, or to starch to which cationic groups have been added after the starch has been modified to obtain a desired molecular weight. The definition of the term "cationically modified starch" also includes amphoteric modified starches. The term "amphoteric modified starch" refers to a starch hydrolysate to which cationic and anionic groups have been added.

[0083] The hair care compositions may comprise a cationically modified starch polymer in the range of from about 0.01% to about 10%, and / or from about 0.05% to about 5%, by weight of the composition.

[0084] The cationically modified starch polymers disclosed herein have a bound nitrogen percentage of from about 0.5% to about 4%.

[0085] Cationic modified starch polymers for use in the hair care compositions can have a molecular weight of from about 50,000 g / mol to about 1,000,000 g / mol, and / or from about 100,000 g / mol to about 1,000,000 g / mol.

[0086] The hair care composition may comprise a cationically modified starch polymer having a charge density of from about 0.2 meq / g to about 5 meq / g, and / or from about 0.2 meq / g to about 2 meq / g. Chemical modifications to achieve such charge density include, but are not limited to, the addition of amino and / or ammonium groups to the starch molecule. Non-limiting examples of such ammonium groups may include substituents such as hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, trimethylhydroxypropylammonium chloride, dimethylstearylhydroxypropylammonium chloride, and dimethyldodecylhydroxypropylammonium chloride. See Solarek, DB, Cationic Starches in Modified Starches: Properties and Uses (Wurzburg, OB, ed., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Fla. 1986, pp. 113-125). The cationic groups may be added to the starch before it is degraded to a lower molecular weight, or the cationic groups may be added after such modification.

[0087] Cationic modified starch polymers typically have a degree of substitution with cationic groups of from about 0.2 to about 2.5. As used herein, the "degree of substitution" of a cationic modified starch polymer is a measure of the average number of hydroxyl groups per anhydroglucose unit derived from a substituent. Since each anhydroglucose unit has three hydroxyl groups that can be substituted, the maximum possible degree of substitution is 3. On a molar average, the degree of substitution is expressed as the number of moles of substituents per mole of anhydroglucose unit. The degree of substitution can be determined using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ("sup.1H NMR") methods well known in the art. Suitable sup.1H NMR techniques include those described in "Observation on NMR Spectra of Starches in Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Iodine-Complexing, and Solvating in Water-Dimethyl Sulfoxide", Qin-Ji Peng and Arthur S. Perlin, Carbohydrate Research, 160 (1987), 57-72; and "An Approach to the Structural Analysis of Oligosaccharides by NMR Spectroscopy", J. Howard Bradbury and J. Grant Collins, Carbohydrate Research, 71, (1979), 15-25.

[0088] The source of starch before chemical modification can be selected from a variety of sources, such as tubers, legumes, cereals and grains. Non-limiting examples of starch from such sources can include corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, waxy corn starch, oat starch, cassaya starch, waxy barley starch, waxy rice starch, gluten rice starch, gluten rice starch, amylopectin, potato starch, tapioca starch, oat starch, sago starch, sweet rice starch, or mixtures thereof.

[0089] The cationically modified starch polymer may be selected from degraded cationic corn starch, cationic tapioca, cationic potato starch, and mixtures thereof. Alternatively, the cationically modified starch polymer is cationic corn starch and cationic tapioca.

[0090] Before degradation to a lower molecular weight or after modification to a lower molecular weight, the starch may include one or more additional modifications. For example, these modifications may include cross-linking, stabilization reactions, phosphorylation, and hydrolysis. Stability reactions may include alkylation and esterification.

[0091] The cationic modified starch polymer can be incorporated into the composition in the form of hydrolyzed starch (e.g., acid, enzyme, or alkaline degradation), oxidized starch (e.g., peroxide, peracid, hypochlorite, alkali, or any other oxidizing agent), physically / mechanically degraded starch (e.g., via thermomechanical energy input into processing equipment), or a combination thereof.

[0092] The most preferred form of starch is one that dissolves readily in water and forms a substantially clear (% transmittance at 600 nm, gtoreq. 80) solution in water. The transparency of the composition is determined by ultraviolet / visible (UV / VIS) spectrophotometry using a Gretag Macbeth Colorimeter Color i 5 according to the relevant instructions to measure the absorption or transmission of UV / VIS light by the sample. It has been shown that a wavelength of 600 nm is sufficient to characterize the transparency of a cosmetic composition.

[0093] Suitable cationically modified starches for use in hair care compositions are available from known starch suppliers. Also suitable for use in hair care compositions are nonionically modified starches, which can be further derivatized to form cationically modified starches, as is known in the art. Other suitable modified starch raw materials can be quaternized, as is known in the art, to produce cationically modified starch polymers suitable for use in hair care compositions.

[0094] Starch degradation process: A starch slurry is prepared by mixing granular starch in water. The temperature is raised to about 35°C. An aqueous solution of potassium permanganate at a concentration of about 50 ppm based on starch is then added. The pH is raised to about 11.5 with sodium hydroxide, and the slurry is stirred thoroughly to prevent starch sedimentation. A solution of hydrogen peroxide at about 30% diluted in water is then added to a peroxide level of about 1% based on starch. The pH is then restored to about 11.5 by adding additional sodium hydroxide. The reaction is completed over a period of about 1 to about 20 hours. The mixture is then neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid. The degraded starch is recovered by filtration followed by washing and drying.

[0095] The hair care composition may comprise a cationic copolymer of an acrylamide monomer and a cationic monomer, wherein the copolymer has a charge density of from about 1.0 meq / g to about 3.0 meq / g.The cationic copolymer may be a synthetic cationic copolymer of an acrylamide monomer and a cationic monomer.

[0096] Cationic copolymers may comprise:

[0097] (i) an acrylamide monomer having the following formula AM:

[0098]

[0099] where R 9 H or C 1-4 alkyl; and R 10 and R 11 Independently selected from H, C 1-4 Alkyl, CH2OCH3, CH2OCH2CH(CH3)2 and phenyl, or together with C 3-6 cycloalkyl; and

[0100] (ii) a cationic monomer conforming to formula CM:

[0101]

[0102] wherein k=1, each of v, v' and v" is independently an integer from 1 to 6, w is zero or an integer from 1 to 10, and X - For anion.

[0103] The cationic monomer may conform to the formula CM, and wherein k=1, v=3, and w=0, z=1, and X - Cl - , to form the following structure:

[0104]

[0105] The above structure may be referred to as a diquaternary ammonium salt. Alternatively, the cationic monomer may conform to the formula CM, wherein v and v" are each 3, v' = 1, w = 1, y = 1, and X - Cl - , such as:

[0106]

[0107] The above structure can be called a triquaternary ammonium salt.

[0108] Suitable acrylamide monomers include, but are not limited to, acrylamide or methacrylamide.

[0109] In an alternative embodiment, the cationic copolymer has an acrylamide monomer and a cationic monomer, wherein the cationic monomer is selected from the group consisting of: dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, di-tert-butylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide; ethyleneimine, vinylamine, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine; trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methylsulfate, dimethylbenzylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl chloride, trimethylammonium chloride ethyl (meth)acrylamide, trimethylammonium chloride propyl (meth)acrylamide, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, diallyldimethylammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

[0110] The cationic copolymer may comprise a cationic monomer selected from the group consisting of: cationic monomers including trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methylsulfate, dimethylbenzylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium chloride ethyl (meth)acrylamide, trimethylammonium chloride propyl (meth)acrylamide, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

[0111] The cationic copolymer may be water-soluble. The cationic copolymer is formed from: (1) a copolymer of (meth)acrylamide and a cationic monomer based on (meth)acrylamide and / or a hydrolytically stable cationic monomer, and (2) a terpolymer of (meth)acrylamide, a cationic (meth)acrylate-based monomer, and a (meth)acrylamide-based monomer and / or a hydrolytically stable cationic monomer. The cationic (meth)acrylate-based monomer may be a cationized ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternized N atom. In one embodiment, the cationized ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternized N atom is a quaternized dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate having C1 to C3 in the alkyl and alkylene groups. Suitable cationized esters of (meth)acrylic acid containing quaternized N atoms may be selected from the group consisting of: ammonium salts of dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylate, ammonium salts of dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, ammonium salts of dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, ammonium salts of diethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylate, ammonium salts of diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, and ammonium salts of diethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate. In one embodiment, the cationized ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing quaternized N atoms is dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (ADAME-Quat) quaternized with an alkyl halide, or with methyl chloride, or benzyl chloride, or dimethyl sulfate. When based on (meth)acrylamide, the cationic monomer may be a quaternized dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamide having C1 to C3 in the alkyl and alkylene groups, or dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide quaternized with an alkyl halide, or methyl chloride, or benzyl chloride, or dimethyl sulfate.

[0112] Suitable cationic (meth)acrylamide-based monomers include quaternized dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides having C1 to C3 in the alkyl and alkylene groups. The cationic (meth)acrylamide-based monomer may be dimethylaminopropylacrylamide, quaternized with an alkyl halide (especially methyl chloride) or benzyl chloride or dimethyl sulfate.

[0113] The cationic monomer may be a hydrolytically stable cationic monomer. In addition to dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylamide, the hydrolytically stable cationic monomer may be any monomer that is considered stable according to the OECD hydrolysis test. The cationic monomer may be hydrolytically stable, and the hydrolytically stable cationic monomer may be selected from diallyldimethylammonium chloride and a water-soluble cationic styrene derivative.

[0114] The cationic copolymer can be a terpolymer of acrylamide, 2-dimethylammoniumethyl (meth)acrylate quaternized with methyl chloride (ADAME-Q), and 3-dimethylammoniumpropyl (meth)acrylamide quaternized with methyl chloride (DIMAPA-Q). The cationic copolymer can be formed from acrylamide and acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, wherein the acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride has a charge density of about 1.0 meq / g to about 3.0 meq / g.

[0115] The cationic copolymer may have a charge density of about 1.1 meq / g to about 2.5 meq / g, or about 1.1 meq / g to about 2.3 meq / g, or about 1.2 meq / g to about 2.2 meq / g, or about 1.2 meq / g to about 2.1 meq / g, or about 1.3 meq / g to about 2.0 meq / g, or about 1.3 meq / g to about 1.9 meq / g.

[0116] The cationic copolymer can have a molecular weight of about 10,000 g / mol to about 1,000,000 g / mol, or about 25,000 g / mol to about 1,000,000 g / mol, or about 50,000 g / mol to about 1,000,000 g / mol, or about 100,000 g / mol to about 1,000,000 g / mol, or about 150,000 g / mol to about 1,000,000 g / mol.

[0117] The hair care composition may comprise a cationic synthetic polymer which may be formed from one or more cationic monomer units and, optionally, one or more negatively charged monomer units and / or nonionic monomers, wherein the subsequent charge of the copolymer is positive. The ratios of the three types of monomers are given as "m", "p" and "q", where "m" is the number of cationic monomers, "p" is the number of negatively charged monomers, and "q" is the number of nonionic monomers.

[0118] The cationic polymer may be a water-soluble or water-dispersible non-crosslinked and synthetic cationic polymer having the following structure:

[0119]

[0120] Wherein A can be one or more of the following cationic moieties:

[0121]

[0122] Wherein @ = amide, alkylamide, ester, ether, alkyl, or alkylaryl;

[0123] Wherein Y=C1-C22 alkyl, alkoxy, alkylidene, alkyl, or aryloxy;

[0124] wherein ψ=C1-C22 alkyl, alkoxy, alkylaryl, or alkylaryloxy;.

[0125] Wherein Z=C1-C22 alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, or aryloxy;

[0126] Wherein R1=H, C1-C4 straight chain or branched alkyl;

[0127] Where s = 0 or 1, n = 0 or ≥ 1;

[0128] wherein T and R7 = C1-C22 alkyl; and

[0129] wherein X<-> = halogen, hydroxide, alkanolate, sulfate or alkylsulfate.

[0130] The negatively charged monomer is defined as follows: R2'=H, C1-C4 linear or branched alkyl, and R3 is:

[0131]

[0132] Wherein D=O, N, or S;

[0133] Wherein Q=NH2 or O;

[0134] Where u = 1 to 6;

[0135] wherein t = 0 to 1; and

[0136] Wherein J = an oxidized functional group containing the following elements: P, S, C.

[0137] Wherein the nonionic monomer is defined as follows: R2″=H, C1-C4 linear or branched alkyl, R6=linear or branched alkyl, alkylaryl, aryloxy, alkoxy, alkylaryloxy, and β is defined as

[0138] and wherein G′ and G″ are independently O, S or NH, and L=0 or 1.

[0139] Examples of cationic monomers include aminoalkyl (meth)acrylates, (meth)aminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides; monomers containing at least one secondary, tertiary or quaternary ammonium functional group, or a heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom, vinylamine or ethyleneimine; diallyldialkylammonium salts; mixtures thereof, their salts and macromonomers derived therefrom.

[0140] Additional examples of cationic monomers include dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, di-tert-butylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, ethyleneimine, vinylamine, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methylsulfate, dimethylbenzylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl chloride acrylate, trimethylammonium chloride ethyl (meth)acrylamide, trimethylammonium chloride propyl (meth)acrylamide, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, and diallyldimethylammonium chloride.

[0141] Suitable cationic monomers include those comprising the formula -NR3 + Those of quaternary ammonium groups, wherein R is the same or different and represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a benzyl group, optionally with a hydroxyl group, and includes an anion (counter ion). Examples of anions are halides (such as chloride, bromide), sulfate, bisulfate, alkyl sulfate (e.g., containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms), phosphate, citrate, formate, and acetate.

[0142] Suitable cationic monomers include trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methylsulfate, dimethylbenzylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium chloride ethyl (meth)acrylamide, trimethylammonium chloride propyl (meth)acrylamide, and vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride.

[0143] Additional suitable cationic monomers include trimethylammonium chloride propyl (meth)acrylamide.

[0144] Examples of monomers having a negative charge include α-ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing a phosphate or phosphonate group, α-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, monoalkyl esters of α-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, monoalkyl amides of α-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, α-ethylenically unsaturated compounds containing a sulfonic acid group, and salts of α-ethylenically unsaturated compounds containing a sulfonic acid group.

[0145] Suitable monomers having a negative charge include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, salts of vinylsulfonic acid, vinylbenzenesulfonic acid, salts of vinylbenzenesulfonic acid, α-acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, salts of α-acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, salts of 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), salts of acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and styrenesulfonate (SS).

[0146] Examples of nonionic monomers include vinyl acetate, amides of α-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, esters of α-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids with hydrogenated or fluorinated alcohols, polyethylene oxide (meth)acrylates (i.e., polyethoxylated (meth)acrylic acid), monoalkyl esters of α-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, monoalkyl amides of α-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, vinyl nitrile, vinylamine amides, vinyl alcohol, vinyl pyrrolidone, and vinyl aromatic compounds.

[0147] Suitable nonionic monomers include styrene, acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, 2-ethyl-hexyl acrylate, 2-ethyl-hexyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate.

[0148] The anionic counterion (X-) associated with the synthetic cationic polymer can be any known counterion, so long as the polymer remains soluble or dispersible in water, in the hair care composition, or in the coacervate phase in the hair care composition, and so long as the counterion is physically and chemically compatible with the essential components of the hair care composition or does not otherwise unduly impair product performance, stability, or aesthetics. Non-limiting examples of such counterions include halides (e.g., chloride, fluoride, bromide, iodide), sulfate, and methylsulfate.

[0149] Concentrations of the cationic polymer range from about 0.025% to about 5%, from about 0.1% to about 3%, and / or from about 0.2% to about 1% by weight of the hair care composition.

[0150] Suitable cationic cellulose polymers are salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethylammonium-substituted epoxides, known in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10 and commercially available from Dow / Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) in their Polymer LR, JR, and KG polymer series. Other suitable types of cationic cellulose include polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxides, known in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 24. These materials are available from Dow / Amerchol Corp. under the trade name Polymer LM-200. Other suitable types of cationic cellulose include polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxides and trimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxides, known in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 67. These materials are available from Dow / Amerchol Corp. under the trade designations SoftCAT Polymer SL-5, SoftCAT Polymer SL-30, Polymer SL-60, Polymer SL-100, Polymer SK-L, Polymer SK-M, Polymer SK-MH, and Polymer SK-H.

[0151] Thickening polymers

[0152] The hair care composition may include a thickening polymer to increase the viscosity of the composition. Any suitable thickening polymer may be used. The hair care composition may include from about 0.1% to about 5% of a thickening polymer, or from about 0.2% to about 2% of a thickening polymer. The thickening polymer modifier may be a polyacrylate or polyacrylamide thickener. The thickening polymer may be an anionic thickening polymer.

[0153] The scalp care composition may include a thickening polymer based on homopolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or other related derivatives, non-limiting examples of which include polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyethylacrylates, and polyacrylamides.

[0154] The thickening polymer may be an alkali-swellable and hydrophobically modified alkali-swellable acrylic copolymer or methacrylate copolymer, non-limiting examples of which include acrylic acid / acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylates / stearyl polyoxyethylene ethoxylate-20 itaconate copolymer, acrylates / cetyl polyoxyethylene ethoxylate-20 itaconate copolymer, acrylates / aminoacrylate / C10-30 alkyl PEG-20 itaconate copolymer, acrylates / aminoacrylate copolymer, acrylates / stearyl polyoxyethylene ethoxylate-20 methacrylate copolymer, acrylic acid Acrylates / Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Copolymer, Acrylates / Steareth-20 Methacrylate Crosspolymer, Acrylates / Beheneth-25 Methacrylate / HEMA Crosspolymer, Acrylates / Vinyl Neodecanoate Crosspolymer, Acrylates / Vinyl Isodecanoate Crosspolymer, Acrylates / Ceteth-25 Acrylate Copolymer, Acrylic Acid / Acrylamidomethylpropane Sulfonic Acid Copolymer, and Acrylates / C10-C30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer.

[0155] The thickening polymer may be a soluble cross-linked acrylic polymer, non-limiting examples of which include carbomers.

[0156] The thickening polymer may be an associative polymer thickener, non-limiting examples of which include: hydrophobically modified alkali swellable emulsions, non-limiting examples of which include hydrophobically modified polyacrylates; hydrophobically modified polyacrylic acids and hydrophobically modified polyacrylamides; hydrophobically modified polyethers, wherein these materials may have a hydrophobe selected from the group consisting of cetyl, stearyl, oleoyl, and combinations thereof.

[0157] Thickening polymers can be used in combination with polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and derivatives. Thickening polymers can be used in combination with polyvinyl alcohol and derivatives. Thickening polymers can be used in combination with polyethylenimine and derivatives.

[0158] Thickening polymers may be combined with alginic acid-based materials, non-limiting examples of which include sodium alginate and propylene glycol alginate.

[0159] Thickening polymers may be used in combination with the polyurethane polymers, non-limiting examples of which include: hydrophobically modified alkoxylated urethane polymers, non-limiting examples of which include PEG-150 / Decyl Alcohol / SMDI Copolymer, PEG-150 / Stearyl Alcohol / SMDI Copolymer, Polyurethane-39.

[0160] Thickening polymers can be combined with associative polymer thickeners, non-limiting examples of which include: hydrophobically modified cellulose derivatives; and hydrophilic moieties having 10-300, 30-200, and 40-150 repeating units of ethylene oxide repeating groups. Non-limiting examples of this type include PEG-120-methylglucose dioleate, PEG-(40 or 60) sorbitan tetraoleate, PEG-150 pentaerythritol tetrastearate, PEG-55 propylene glycol oleate, and PEG-150 distearate.

[0161] Thickening polymers may be combined with cellulose and derivatives, non-limiting examples of which include microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose; nitrocellulose; cellulose sulfate; cellulose powder; hydrophobically modified cellulose.

[0162] Thickening polymers may be combined with guar gum and guar gum derivatives, non-limiting examples of which include hydroxypropyl guar and hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.

[0163] Thickening polymers can be combined with polyethylene oxide; polypropylene oxide; and POE-PPO copolymers.

[0164] The thickening polymer may be combined with a polyalkylene glycol characterized by the following general formula:

[0165]

[0166] wherein R is hydrogen, methyl, or a mixture thereof, preferably hydrogen, and n is an integer having an average number of 2,000-180,000, or 7,000-90,000, or 7,000-45,000. Non-limiting examples of this type include PEG-7M, PEG-14M, PEG-23M, PEG-25M, PEG-45M, PEG-90M, or PEG-100M.

[0167] The thickening polymer may be combined with silica, non-limiting examples of which include fumed silica, precipitated silica, and silicone surface-treated silica.

[0168] Thickening polymers may be combined with water-swellable clays, non-limiting examples of which include laponite, bentonite, montmorillonite, smectite, and hectorite.

[0169] Thickening polymers may be combined with gums, non-limiting examples of which include xanthan gum, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum, gum arabic, tragacanth gum, galactans, carob gum, karaya gum, and locust bean gum.

[0170] Thickening polymers can be combined with dibenzylidene sorbitol, carrageenan, pectin, agar, quince seeds (quinces), starch (from rice, corn, potato, wheat, etc.), starch derivatives (e.g., carboxymethyl starch, methylhydroxypropyl starch), algae extract, dextran, succinoglucan, and pulleran.

[0171] Non-limiting examples of thickening polymers include acrylamide / ammonium acrylate copolymer (and) polyisobutylene (and) polysorbate 20; acrylamide / sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer / isohexadecane / polysorbate 80, ammonium acryloyldimethyl taurate / VP copolymer, sodium acrylate / sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer, acrylates copolymer, acrylates crosspolymer-4, acrylates crosspolymer-3, acrylates / beheneth-25 methacrylate copolymer, acrylates / C10-C30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, acrylates / stearyleth-20 itaconate copolymer, polyacrylates crosspolymer, ... Ammonium acrylate / Isohexadecane / PEG-40 castor oil; Carbomer, sodium carbomer, cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyacrylamide / C13-14 isoparaffin / laureth-7, polyacrylate 13 / polyisobutene / polysorbate 20, polyacrylate crosspolymer-6, polyamide-3, polyquaternium-37 (and) hydrogenated polydecene (and) trideceth-6, acrylamide / sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate / acrylic acid copolymer, sodium acrylate / acryloyldimethyltaurate / dimethylacrylamide, crosspolymer (and) isohexadecane (and) polysorbate 60, sodium polyacrylate. Exemplary commercially available thickening polymers include: ACULYN TM 28. ACULYN TM 88. ACULYN TM 33. ACULYN TM 22. ACULYN TM Excel, Aqua SF-1, ETD 2020, Ultrez 20, Ultrez 21, Ultrez 10, Ultrez30, 1342, Aqua SF-2 polymer, Sepigel TM 305、Simulgel TM 600、SepimaxZen、 SMART 1000, TTA, SC-Plus, PLUS, AVC, Stabylen 30, and combinations thereof.

[0172] Scalp health supplement

[0173] In the present invention, in addition to the antifungal / antidandruff benefits provided by the surfactant-soluble antidandruff agent, one or more scalp health agents may be added to provide scalp benefits. This group of materials is varied and provides a wide range of benefits, including moisturizing, barrier improvement, antifungal, antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, anti-itch agents and sensory agents, as well as additional antidandruff agents such as polyvalent metal salts of pyrithione, non-limiting examples of which include zinc pyrithione (ZPT) and copper pyrithione, sulfur, or selenium sulfide. Such scalp health agents include, but are not limited to, vitamins E and F, salicylic acid, niacinamide, caffeine, panthenol, zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, basic zinc carbonate, glycols, glycolic acid, PCA, PEG, erythritol, glycerin, triclosan, lactates, hyaluronates, allantoin and other ureas, betaines, sorbitol, glutamate, xylitol, menthol, menthyl lactate, isocyclic ketones, benzyl alcohol, compounds containing the following structure:

[0174]

[0175] R1 is selected from H, alkyl, aminoalkyl, alkoxy;

[0176] Q=H2, O, -OR1, -N(R1)2, -OPO(OR1) x 、-PO(OR1) x 、-P(OR1) x ,

[0177] Where x = 1-2;

[0178] V=NR1、O、-OPO(OR1) x 、-PO(OR1) x 、-P(OR1) x , where x = 1-2;

[0179] W=H2,O;

[0180] For n=0, X, Y=are independently selected from H, aryl, naphthyl;

[0181] For n ≥ 1, X, Y = aliphatic CH2 or aromatic CH and Z is selected from aliphatic CH2, aromatic CH or a heteroatom;

[0182] A = lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, aryl, substituted aryl or fused aryl; and

[0183] Stereochemistry may vary at the positions marked *.

[0184] and natural extracts / oils including peppermint, spearmint, argan, jojoba, and aloe vera.

[0185] foaming agent

[0186] The hair care compositions described herein may comprise from about 1% to about 15% foaming agent, from about 3% to about 10%, and alternatively from about 4% to about 7% foaming agent, by weight of the hair care composition.

[0187] The foaming agent may comprise one or more volatile materials in a gaseous state that can carry the other components of the hair care composition in particulate or droplet form. The foaming agent may have a boiling point in the range of about -45°C to about 5°C. When packaged under pressure in a conventional aerosol container, the foaming agent can be liquefied. Rapid boiling of the foaming agent upon exiting the aerosol foam dispenser can aid in the atomization of the other components of the hair care composition.

[0188] Aerosol blowing agents that can be used in aerosol compositions can include chemically inert hydrocarbons such as propane, n-butane, isobutane, cyclopropane, and mixtures thereof, CO2 / carbon dioxide, and halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichlorodifluoromethane, 1,1-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoro-2,2-trifluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethylene, 1,1-difluoroethane, dimethyl ether, chlorodifluoromethane, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of blowing agents can be Propel lant A46 (isobutane and propane) (18, Diversified Corporation International (Channahon US)) and HFO (trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene) (19) available from Honey Well. The blowing agent may comprise hydrocarbons such as isobutane, propane, and butane—these materials may be used for their low ozone reactivity and may be used as the sole component, wherein their vapor pressure at 21.1° C. is in the range of about 1.17 bar to about 7.45 bar, or about 1.17 bar to about 4.83 bar, or about 2.14 bar to about 3.79 bar.

[0189] Optional ingredients

[0190] The hair care composition may further comprise one or more optional ingredients, including benefit agents. Suitable benefit agents include, but are not limited to, conditioning agents, cationic polymers, silicone emulsions, anti-dandruff actives, gel networks, chelating agents, and natural oils such as sunflower oil or castor oil. Additional suitable optional ingredients include, but are not limited to, fragrances, fragrance microcapsules, colorants, particles, antimicrobial agents, foam suppressants, antistatic agents, rheology modifiers and thickeners, suspending materials and structurants, pH adjusters and buffers, preservatives, pearlescent agents, solvents, diluents, antioxidants, vitamins, and combinations thereof.

[0191] Such optional ingredients should be physically and chemically compatible with the components of the composition and should not otherwise unduly impair product stability, aesthetics, or performance. The CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Tenth Edition, published by the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc. (Washington, DC) (2004) (hereinafter "CTFA") describes a wide variety of non-limiting materials that can be added to the compositions herein.

[0192] Conditioner

[0193] The conditioning agent of the hair care composition can be a silicone conditioning agent. The silicone conditioning agent can comprise volatile silicones, non-volatile silicones, or combinations thereof. The concentration of the silicone conditioning agent is typically in the range of from about 0.01% to about 10%, from about 0.1% to about 8%, from about 0.1% to about 5%, and / or from about 0.2% to about 3%, by weight of the composition. Non-limiting examples of suitable silicone conditioning agents and optional suspending agents for the silicone are described in U.S. Reissue Patent 34,584, U.S. Patent 5,104,646, and U.S. Patent 5,106,609, which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0194] Silicone conditioning agents suitable for use may have a viscosity of from about 20 centistokes to about 2,000,000 centistokes ("csk"), from about 1,000 csk to about 1,800,000 csk, from about 50,000 csk to about 1,500,000 csk, and / or from about 100,000 csk to about 1,500,000 csk, as measured at 25°C.

[0195] The dispersed silicone conditioning agent particles typically have a volume average particle size in the range of about 0.01 microns to about 10 microns. For small particles applied to hair, the volume average particle size is typically in the range of about 0.01 microns to about 4 microns, about 0.01 microns to about 2 microns, about 0.01 microns to about 0.5 microns.

[0196] Additional information on silicones, including chapters discussing silicone fluids, silicone gums, and silicone resins, as well as silicone manufacturing, can be found in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, Vol. 15, 2nd Edition, pp. 204-308, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1989), which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0197] Suitable silicone emulsions for use may include, but are not limited to, insoluble polysiloxane emulsions prepared according to the descriptions provided in U.S. Patent No. 4,476,282 and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2007 / 0276087. Suitable insoluble polysiloxanes include polysiloxanes having a molecular weight ranging from about 50,000 g / mol to about 500,000 g / mol, such as α,ω-hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxanes or α,ω-alkoxy-terminated polysiloxanes. The insoluble polysiloxane may have an average molecular weight ranging from about 50,000 to about 500,000 g / mol. For example, the insoluble polysiloxane may have an average molecular weight ranging from about 60,000 to about 400,000; from about 75,000 to about 300,000; from about 100,000 to about 200,000; or may have an average molecular weight of about 150,000 g / mol. The insoluble polysiloxane can have an average particle size in the range of about 30 nm to about 10 microns. The average particle size can be, for example, in the range of about 40 nm to about 5 microns, about 50 nm to about 1 micron, about 75 nm to about 500 nm, or about 100 nm.

[0198] The average molecular weight of the insoluble polysiloxane, the viscosity of the silicone emulsion, and the size of the particles containing the insoluble polysiloxane are determined by methods commonly used by those skilled in the art, such as those disclosed in Smith, AL, The Analytical Chemistry of Silicones, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: New York, 1991. For example, the viscosity of the silicone emulsion can be measured at 30° C. using a Brookfield viscometer and spindle 6 at 2.5 rpm. The silicone emulsion may also include additional emulsifiers and anionic surfactants.

[0199] Other types of silicones suitable for use include, but are not limited to: i) silicone fluids, including but not limited to silicone oils, which are flowable materials having a viscosity of less than about 1,000,000 csk as measured at 25°C; ii) aminosilicones comprising at least one primary, secondary, or tertiary amine; iii) cationic silicones comprising at least one quaternary ammonium functional group; iv) silicone gums comprising materials having a viscosity greater than or equal to 1,000,000 csk as measured at 25°C; v) silicone resins comprising highly crosslinked polymeric siloxane systems; vi) high refractive index silicones having a refractive index of at least 1.46, and vii) mixtures thereof.

[0200] The conditioning agent of the hair care composition may also include at least one organic conditioning material such as an oil or wax, alone or in combination with other conditioning agents such as the silicones described above. The organic material may be non-polymeric, oligomeric, or polymeric. It may be in the form of an oil or wax and may be added neat or in pre-emulsified form. Some non-limiting examples of organic conditioning materials include, but are not limited to: i) hydrocarbon oils; ii) polyolefins; iii) fatty esters; iv) fluorinated conditioning compounds; v) fatty alcohols; vi) alkyl glucosides and alkyl glucoside derivatives; vii) quaternary ammonium compounds; viii) polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols having a molecular weight of up to about 2,000,000, including those having the CTFA designations PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600, PEG-1000, PEG-2M, PEG-7M, PEG-14M, PEG-45M, and mixtures thereof.

[0201] emulsifiers

[0202] A variety of anionic and nonionic emulsifiers can be used in hair care compositions. Anionic and nonionic emulsifiers can be monomeric or polymeric in nature. For example, examples of monomers include, but are not limited to, alkyl ethoxylates, alkyl sulfates, soaps, and fatty acid esters, and their derivatives. By way of illustration and not limitation, examples of polymers include polyacrylates, polyethylene glycols, and block copolymers, and their derivatives. Naturally occurring emulsifiers such as lanolin, lecithin, and lignin, and their derivatives, are also non-limiting examples of useful emulsifiers.

[0203] Aqueous carrier

[0204] The hair care composition may be in the form of a pourable liquid (under ambient conditions). Thus, such compositions will typically comprise a carrier present in an amount of from about 40% to about 80%, alternatively from about 45% to about 75%, alternatively from about 50% to about 70%, by weight of the hair care composition. The carrier may comprise water, or a miscible mixture of water and an organic solvent, and in one aspect, may comprise water with minimal or insignificant concentrations of organic solvents, except for those incidentally incorporated into the composition as minor ingredients of other essential or optional components.

[0205] Carriers useful in the hair care compositions include water and aqueous solutions of lower alkyl alcohols and polyols. The lower alkyl alcohols useful herein are monohydric alcohols having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and in one aspect, are ethanol and isopropanol. Exemplary polyols useful herein include propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerol, and propane diol.

[0206] Foam dispenser

[0207] The hair care composition described herein can be provided in a foam dispenser. The foam dispenser can be an aerosol foam dispenser, a bag-on-valve type, a dip tube type, a piston type, or other conventional types. The aerosol foam dispenser can include a reservoir for holding the hair treatment composition. The reservoir can be made of any suitable material selected from the group consisting of plastic, metal, alloy, laminate, and combinations thereof. The reservoir can be for single use. The reservoir can be removed from the aerosol foam dispenser. Alternatively, the reservoir can be integrated with the aerosol foam dispenser. Furthermore, two or more reservoirs can be present.

[0208] Test Method

[0209] In vivo scalp deposits

[0210] Deposition of anti-dandruff actives on the scalp is measured by washing the individual's hair with a composition comprising an anti-dandruff active, such as a composition according to the present invention. A trained beautician will meter 5 g of a liquid shampoo control onto one half of the panelist's scalp and wash according to a conventional washing regimen. 2.5 g of foam will then be metered onto the other half of the panelist's head and washed according to a conventional washing regimen. The hair on the scalp area is then separated to allow an open-ended glass graduated cylinder to remain on the surface while an aliquot of the extraction solution is added and stirred, then recovered and analyzed by conventional methods such as HPLC to determine the anti-dandruff active content.

[0211] Sebum cleansing method

[0212] Obtain clean hair switches for testing. Warm artificial sebum and mix with Uvitex OB. Apply the oil and Uvitex OB mixture to a designated 3.5-inch area along the body of the hair switch. Apply the oil consistently for each hair switch treatment. Dosage the hair with approximately 0.1cc of shampoo per gram of hair. Wet the hair switch for 15 seconds. Apply the product from the top to the bottom of the hair. Manually squeeze the shampoo into the hair for approximately 30 seconds. Rinse and squeeze the hair switch to remove excess water. Then dry the hair switch in a hot oven. Use one hand to apply an oil blotting sheet and wrap it around the back of the hair switch. Apply moderate pressure while pulling the sheet down along the hair switch. Expose the sheet to a black light and rate it based on its glow level, where 0 = no glow and 5 = full glow.

[0213] Wet feeling

[0214] The Wet Feel sensory test was performed by a trained panelist. The hair switch was pre-wetted and squeezed to remove excess water. Product application was performed to the front and back of the switch at the given shampoo-related weight / switches weight. The foam product was metered in at half the dose relative to the full-dose liquid control Example 17. A half-dose application of the foam of Example 13, as a half-dose of the liquid relative to Example 13, was performed to evaluate the effect of the foam form relative to the liquid form from the same formulation. The product was spread in a controlled manner to saturate the hair switch. The Wet Feel attributes were processed according to an established sensory protocol of rinse count drag, spread feel, smooth feel, and combing force in the following order. A rating scale of 0-14 was used for each evaluation.

[0215] Dry feeling

[0216] The Dry Feel test was performed by trained panelists. Panelists cleaned their fingers with alcohol before and between each tactile assessment. Prior to assessment, the hair switches were subjected to a wet feel treatment regimen for application. The hair was dried in a hot oven. Panelists assessed smoothness, force applied to the main body of the hair, and force applied to the ends. Smoothness was ranked from least smooth to smoothest. Force applied to the main body and ends was assessed from least to greatest.

[0217] The percentage of reagent deposited can be calculated using the following formula:

[0218]

[0219] The percent of piroctone olamine salt deposited in the sample is calculated where:

[0220] Grams of reagent deposited = 1.7 × 10 -6 g

[0221] Scalp area extracted = 1cm 2

[0222] % by weight of piroctone olamine salt in shampoo = 1.0%

[0223] Grams of shampoo applied = 5g

[0224] Scalp area treated = 300 cm 2

[0225]

[0226] % of deposited piroctone olamine salt = 1.02%

[0227] The deposition efficiency can be calculated using the following formula:

[0228]

[0229] Sample calculation of deposition efficiency, where:

[0230] % of piroctone olamine salt deposited from the example formulation = 1.92%

[0231] % Piroctone olamine salt deposited by control formulation = 1.02%

[0232]

[0233] Deposition efficiency = 1.9 times

[0234] Deposition results

[0235] The high surfactant formulation (24% total surfactant) of Examples (1, 2) showed that when the foam was dosed at half the weight relative to the control liquid to illustrate the delivery of an equal % of piroctone olamine salt relative to the liquid control Example 15, the deposition efficiency was 1.4 times that of the liquid method control Example 15. Sample 3 showed that when the formula concentration was reduced from 1% to 0.8% PO but the dosage was adjusted to deliver an equivalent PO concentration to the scalp as the liquid method control depositing 0.5% on the scalp, the deposition efficiency was still 1.2 times that of the method control Example 15. As observed in Examples (4, 5, 6), a reduction in total surfactant to 23% resulted in a 1.7-fold deposition efficiency compared to the liquid method control Example 15.

[0236] When the surfactant content is reduced to (12.5-9%), as observed in Examples 7-14 and 18, it can be seen that the deposition efficiency trend is in the range of 1.9-2.7 times relative to the liquid control Example 15. This result for the low-surfactant formulation is believed to be due to the PO active approaching the solubility limit within a given surfactant system. The closer to the solubility limit, the higher the ability to deliver the piroctone olamine salt from the formulation upon dilution. Therefore, the choice of surfactant system is very important in delivering the piroctone olamine salt. In addition, the choice of propellant type can also help or inhibit the ability of PO to deposit. The type and concentration of propellant can cause micelle swelling, elongation, or even exclusion, depending on the propellant's potential hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity. Therefore, the choice of propellant is also very important when attempting to effectively deliver a soluble pharmaceutical active to the scalp.

[0237] In the present invention, the foaming composition may have a deposition efficiency >1.7 times greater than that of a control composition which deposits approximately 1% by mass of the metered amount of surfactant-soluble anti-dandruff active.

[0238] Sequential tuple test (n=9)

[0239] method

[0240] Panelists were presented with low-surfactant and high-surfactant foaming shampoos. Panelists received a bottle of foaming shampoo labeled for consumer testing, printed with visual instructions, and a printed survey. They were asked to use the first foaming shampoo product at least three times before answering the provided survey questions. They were then asked to return the first product to avoid any confusion during the use of the second product. They were instructed to use the second product the same way as the first product before responding to the provided survey.

[0241]

[0242] result

[0243] The data showed that more respondents rated the low surfactant (Example 9) foam as equal to or better than the high surfactant (Example 3) for the attributes "makes hair and scalp feel clean when wet, ability to clean scalp, and ability to clean hair."

[0244] Wet Feel and Dry Feel Conditioning Key Hair Feel Data (1 Maximum Conditioning to 3 Minimum Conditioning)

[0245]

[0246]

[0247] result :

[0248] The data shows that Example 13 foam at half the dose provides the most conditioning compared to the full dose of the highly conditioning liquid market control shampoo, Example 17. The Example 13 liquid form (without added propellant) and applied at half the dose were used as a univariate test of the foam and liquid forms at the same weight dose. It was observed that the liquid form of Example 13 did not yet provide a good conditioning effect on the wet feel via sensory responses. The Example 9 formulation is another example that demonstrates that increasing the surfactant from 9% total surfactant in Example 13 to 12.5% still maintains a drier conditioning effect compared to the commercial liquid control, Example 17. Compared to both Examples 17 and 9, the Example 13 foam maintains the drier conditioning effect.

[0249] Preparation method

[0250] The following examples illustrate non-limiting embodiments of the invention described herein. Exemplary hair care compositions can be prepared by combining water, a polymer, and a surfactant, along with sodium xylene sulfonate or a rheology modifier, into a dilute surfactant phase. The ingredients are thoroughly mixed at ambient temperature. Additional ingredients, including foaming agents, electrolytes, silicone emulsions, preservatives, and fragrances, may be added to the product. It should be understood that those skilled in the art of formulation may make other modifications to the hair care compositions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise indicated, all parts, percentages, and ratios herein are by weight. Some components may be obtained from suppliers as diluted solutions. Unless otherwise indicated, the amounts shown reflect the weight percentage of active material.

[0251] The following examples illustrate non-limiting embodiments of the invention described herein. Unless otherwise indicated, all parts, percentages, and ratios herein are by weight. Some components may be obtained from suppliers as dilute solutions. Unless otherwise indicated, the amounts shown reflect the weight percentage of active material. The following table provides non-limiting examples of hair care compositions described herein:

[0252] Table 1

[0253]

[0254]

[0255]

[0256]

[0257]

[0258]

[0259] 1. Sodium Laureth-1 Sulfate, available from Stepan Company

[0260] 2. Sodium Laureth-3 Sulfate, available from Stapan Company

[0261] 3. Sodium lauryl sulfate, available from Stepan Company

[0262] 4. Sodium tridecyl ether sulfate - 2 mol, obtained from Solvay (Blue Island US)

[0263] 5. Cocamidopropyl betaine, high pH, obtained from Stepan Co Millsdale (Elwood US)

[0264] 6. Cocamide monoethanolamine, CMEA, available from Stepan Company

[0265] 7. Amaze XT (Akzo Nobel)

[0266] 8. Ethylene glycol distearate from Golschmidt Chemical Company

[0267] 9. Glycerin, available from P&G Chemicals

[0268] 10. Piroctone olamine (Oxymetholone, available from Clariant)

[0269] 11. Zinc pyrithione, U2 ZPT, available from Lonza

[0270] 12. Zinc carbonate, from Bruggeman Group

[0271] 13. Fragrance, supplied by P&G

[0272] 14. Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride, BF 17HMW guar gum, available from Ashland

[0273] 15. Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride, NHance TM 3196, available from Ashland, with a MW of 1,700,000 g / mol and a charge density of 0.7 meq / g

[0274] 16. Guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, Jaguar C500, available from Solvay, having a M.Wt of 500,000 g / mol and a charge density of 0.8 meq / g

[0275] 17. Polyquaternium 10, available from Dow Chemical

[0276] 18. Polyethylene glycol, PEG 23M Polyox WSR N-1 2K, available from Amerchol Corp., Piscataway, NJ

[0277] 19. Polydimethylsiloxane DM5500, Wacker Silicone

[0278] 20. Hydrochloric acid from Mallinckrodt Baker Inc.

[0279] 21. Preservative Kathon CG, from Akzo Nobel

[0280] 22. Sodium xylene sulfonate, from Stepan Company

[0281] 23. Citric acid, from Cargill Inc.

[0282] 24. Sodium benzoate, from Kalama Chemical

[0283] 25. Polydimethylsiloxane DC330M, Momentive

[0284] 26. Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrahydrate

[0285] 27. Water, from Misty Mountain Spring Water

[0286] 28. Blowing agent A46 (isobutane and propane), Diversified Cpc International (Channahon, US) 29. Blowing agent HFO (trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene) obtained from Honeywell

[0287] Foam Rheology Method (Yield Point)

[0288] Foam shampoo was applied to an AR1000 rheometer for a foam oscillatory stress scan. A 60 mm smooth acrylic plate was used for shear stress measurements. Measurements were performed at 25°C. The plate head was lowered to 1200 microns and excess foam was removed with a scraper to prevent drag during the measurement. The measurement gap height was then lowered by 1000 microns. The scan occurred from 0.1 Pa to 400 Pa. Data was analyzed using TA Rheology Advantage Data Analysis software. The yield point was determined at the point where the oscillatory shear stress began to deviate from its tangent line. Yield point measurements are reported in Pa.

[0289] The foam formulation may have a yield point of about 10 Pa to about 50 Pa, alternatively about 15 Pa to about 30 Pa, alternatively about 20 Pa to about 30 Pa.

[0290] Foam formulations may also have a viscosity of about 0.01 g / cm 3 to about 0.02g / cm 3 , alternatively about 0.05 g / cm 3 to about 0.1g / cm 3 , alternatively about 0.07 g / cm 3 to about 0.1g / cm 3 The foam density.

[0291] Kruss Foam Analyzer (Bubble Size)

[0292] The commercially available Kruss Foam Analyzer DFA100 supplied by Kruss was used to analyze the initial Sauter mean radius R 32 (bubble size). The shampoo foam was dispensed into a CY4571 column containing a prism. An internal stopper was placed into the approximately 100 ml column from the top of the chamber. The camera height was set to 244 mm, and the camera position was placed in three slots. The structured foam was captured at a speed of 2 frames per second for 120 seconds. Data analysis was performed on the Kruss Advance 1.5.1.0 software application version.

[0293] The foam dosage form may also have a bubble size distribution comprising R from about 5 μm to about 100 μm, alternatively from about 5 μm to 90 μm, alternatively from about 10 μm to about 60 μm, alternatively from about 15 μm to about 50 μm, alternatively from about 25 μm to about 40 μm. 32 .

[0294]

[0295]

[0296] result

[0297] All results, Examples 3, 9, 18, and 19, showed similar bubble size measurements in the range (29 μm to 33 μm for R32 initial), indicating that the high and low surfactant foams had similar foam structures. The yield point of the high surfactant foam of Example 3 resulted in a yield point of 36 (Pa). The low surfactant formulations, Examples 9, 18, and 19, all showed lower rheological properties (19, 25, and 27 Pa, respectively), indicating that the low surfactant was easier to spread or shear than the more viscoelastic Example 3.

[0298] Table 2

[0299]

[0300]

[0301]

[0302]

[0303] 1. Sodium decyl sulfate, available from P&G Chemical

[0304] 2. Sodium decyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, available from P&G Chemical

[0305] 3. Sodium Laureth-1 Sulfate, available from Stepan Company

[0306] 4. Sodium Laureth-3 Sulfate, available from Stepan Company

[0307] 5. Sodium lauryl sulfate, available from Stepan Company

[0308] 6. Sodium tridecyl ether sulfate - 2 mol, obtained from Solvay (Blue Island US)

[0309] 7. Cocamidopropyl betaine, high pH, available from Stepan Co Millsdale (Elwood US)

[0310] 8. Cocamide monoethanolamine, CMEA, available from Stepan Company

[0311] 9. Sodium laureth sulfosuccinate, available from Stepan Company

[0312] 10. Sodium cocoyl alanine, available from Sino Lion

[0313] 11. Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, available from Stepan Company

[0314] 12. Amaze XT (Akzo Nobel)

[0315] 13. Ethylene glycol distearate from Golschmidt Chemical Company

[0316] 14. Glycerin, available from P&G Chemicals

[0317] 15. Piroctone olamine (Oxymetholone, available from Clariant)

[0318] 16. Zinc pyrithione, U2 ZPT, available from Lonza

[0319] 17. Zinc carbonate, from Bruggeman Group

[0320] 18. Fragrance, available from P&G Chemical

[0321] 19. Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride, BF 17HMW Guar Gum, available from Ashland

[0322] 20. Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride, NHance TM 3196, available from Ashland, with a MW of 1,700,000 g / mol and a charge density of 0.7 meq / g

[0323] 21. Guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, Jaguar C500, available from Solvay, having a M.Wt of 500,000 g / mol and a charge density of 0.8 meq / g

[0324] 22. Polyquaternium 10, available from Dow Chemical

[0325] 23. Polyethylene glycol, PEG 23M Polyox WSR N-1 2K, available from Amerchol Corp., Piscataway, NJ

[0326] 24. Polydimethylsiloxane DM5500, Wacker Silicone

[0327] 25. Hydrochloric acid from Mallinckrodt Baker Inc.

[0328] 26. Preservative Kathon CG, from Akzo Nobel

[0329] 27. Sodium xylene sulfonate, from Stepan Company

[0330] 28. Citric acid, from Cargill Inc.

[0331] 29. Sodium benzoate, from Kalama Chemical

[0332] 30. Polydimethylsiloxane, DC330M Momentive

[0333] 31. Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrahydrate

[0334] 32. Water, from Misty Mountain Spring Water

[0335] 33. Foaming agent A46 (isobutane and propane), Diversified Cpc International (Channahon, US) 34. Blowing agent HFO (trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene-1-ene) obtained from Honeywell

[0336] 35. method

[0337] A low surfactant foaming anti-dandruff shampoo was tested using a single product context-assisted blind test. The control for this test was a high surfactant foaming shampoo formulation containing 24% total surfactant. This summary contains panelist data from the administration of a questionnaire. Panelists were asked to rate performance on a 5-point scale from 100 to 0. Data are reported as mean grade or % (capital letters indicate significantly better than the reference example; grey shading = significantly worse than the control). Table 3 below contains the formulation details for each arm. All tables have a 90% confidence level.

[0338] Table 3

[0339]

[0340] These data show that, for the key attribute of a low-surfactant foam shampoo, Examples 9 and 19 demonstrated comparable "overall cleansing" responses to the high-surfactant foam shampoo, Example 3. Example 18, containing PEG23M and low surfactant, demonstrated the highest directional properties of all foams and significantly higher than Example 19, which contained silicone, which can leave consumers' scalps / hair feeling greasy. Comparable performance was also observed for "overall, long-lasting cleansing of hair and scalp" and "overall mildness on hair and scalp" compared to high-surfactant foams. Consumer responses support the conclusion that the low-surfactant foams of Examples 9, 18, and 19 (12.5%) cleaned just as well as the high-surfactant foam of Example 3 (24%), while providing a mild cleansing experience. During the application and rinsing steps, consumers determined that the low-surfactant foams spread and rinsed through the hair just as easily as the high-surfactant foams. After rinsing Examples 9 and 18, consumers felt their scalps were as clean as after rinsing with the high-surfactant foam. Example 19, which contained only a high concentration of silicone, received significantly lower ratings, indicating a less clean scalp. It was observed that low-surfactant formula 18 was comparable to high-surfactant Example 3 in terms of leaving the roots of hair feeling clean. Similarly, it can be hypothesized that PEG 23M contributes to the cleaner feel. For "scalp and hair feel free of undesirable residue after rinsing shampoo," all formulations were significantly superior to low-surfactant Example 19, which contains a high silicone concentration. For "ease of finger / comb combing through hair after rinsing shampoo," all formulations demonstrated comparable performance to the high-surfactant control. These formulation responses indicate good combability and thorough cleansing. After showering and washing, panelists rated Example 18, which contains low-surfactant PEG 23M, as comparable to high-surfactant Example 3 in leaving the scalp and roots feeling clean after wetting. Example 9, which does not contain PEG 23M, and Example 19, which contains PEG 23M and silicone, significantly decreased in these areas. Finally, all formulations demonstrated comparable ease of finger / comb combing through wet hair after showering, again indicating clean, conditioned, and combable hair.

[0341] Examples / Combinations

[0342] A. A foaming composition comprising:

[0343] a. from about 5% to about 13% of the total surfactant consisting of one or more anionic surfactants;

[0344] b. 0.1% to about 2% of a surfactant-soluble anti-dandruff active;

[0345] c. From about 3% to about 15% of a foaming agent, wherein the pH of the foaming composition is from about 3.5 to 6.5.

[0346] B. The foaming composition according to paragraph A, wherein the total surfactant composed of one or more anionic surfactants is from about 9% to about 13%.

[0347] C. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to B, wherein the total surfactant content of one or more anionic surfactants is from about 10% to about 13%.

[0348] D. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to C, wherein the total surfactant comprised of one or more anionic surfactants is from about 11% to about 13%.

[0349] E. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to D, wherein the total surfactant comprised of one or more anionic surfactants is from about 12% to about 13%.

[0350] F. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to E, wherein the pH is from about 4 to about 6.

[0351] G. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to F, wherein the pH is from about 5 to about 6.

[0352] H. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to G, wherein the surfactant-soluble anti-dandruff active is from about 0.6% to about 1%.

[0353] I. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to H, wherein the surfactant-soluble anti-dandruff active is from about 0.5% to about 0.8%.

[0354] J. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to I, wherein the anti-dandruff deposition is equal to or greater than 0.8 micrograms / cm 2 .

[0355] K. The foaming composition according to paragraphs A to G, wherein the foam density is 0.01 g / cm 3 to about 0.2g / cm 3 .

[0356] L. The foaming composition according to paragraphs A to G, wherein the foam density is 0.05 g / cm 3 to about 0.1g / cm 3 .

[0357] M. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to L, wherein the foam has a bubble size distribution including R from about 5 μm to about 90 μm. 32 .

[0358] N. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to M, wherein the foam has a yield point of about 10 Pa to about 50 Pa.

[0359] O. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to N, wherein the viscosity (measured at 25° C.) is less than 3,000 cps.

[0360] P. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to O, wherein the composition further comprises from about 1% to about 5% of one or more amphoteric / zwitterionic or nonionic co-surfactants, and mixtures thereof.

[0361] Q. The foaming composition according to paragraphs A to P, wherein the viscosity modifier has a molecular weight of about 75 g / mol to about 350 g / mol.

[0362] R. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to Q, wherein the foaming agent is from about 1% to about 15%.

[0363] S. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to R, wherein the composition further comprises 0.1% to 5% of a stabilizer.

[0364] T. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to S, wherein the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of trihydroxystearin, ethylene glycol distearate polymer, and mixtures thereof.

[0365] U. The foaming composition according to paragraphs A to T, wherein the viscosity modifier is selected from the group consisting of ethanol, dipropylene glycol, sodium xylene sulfonate, sodium chloride, alkoxylated silicones / ethoxylated silicones / propoxylated silicones / polyoxyethylene silicones / polyoxypropylene silicones / polyethylene glycol silicones / PEG-8 silicones / PEG-9 silicones / PEG-n silicones / silicone ethers (n can be another integer), and mixtures thereof.

[0366] V. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to U, further comprising anti-dandruff particulates selected from the group consisting of pyridinethione salts, selenium sulfide, particulate sulfur, and mixtures thereof.

[0367] W. The foaming composition according to paragraphs A to V, wherein the surfactant-soluble agent is selected from the group consisting of azoles, piroctone olamine salts, N-hydroxy-6-octyloxypyridin-2(1H)one, hexamidine bis(isethionate) salts, and mixtures thereof,

[0368] X. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to W, wherein the co-surfactant is selected from the group consisting of lauramidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, lauryl hydroxysultaine, sodium lauroamphoacetate, cocomonoethanolamide, and mixtures thereof.

[0369] Y. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to X, wherein the blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of propane, n-butane, isobutane, cyclopropane, and mixtures thereof; and halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichlorodifluoromethane, 1,1-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoro-2,2-trifluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethylene, 1,1-difluoroethane, dimethyl ether, monochlorodifluoromethane, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, CO2, and mixtures thereof.

[0370] Z. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to Y, wherein the blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of propane and isobutylene, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and mixtures thereof.

[0371] AA. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to Z, wherein the composition further comprises a cationic polymer.

[0372] BB. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to AA, wherein the composition further comprises a conditioning agent.

[0373] CC. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to BB, wherein the conditioning agent is a silicone.

[0374] DD. The foaming composition of paragraphs A to CC, wherein the foaming composition has a deposition efficiency >1.7 times that of a control composition that deposits about 1% by mass of the metered amount of surfactant-soluble anti-dandruff active.

[0375] The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm."

[0376] Unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited, each document cited herein, including any cross-referenced or related patent or patent application and any patent application or patent to which this application claims priority or the benefit of, is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The citation of any document is not an admission that it is prior art to any of the presently disclosed or claimed inventions, or an admission that it, by itself or in combination with any one or more of the references, proposes, suggests, or discloses any such invention. Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.

[0377] Although specific aspects of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is therefore intended that all such changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention be encompassed in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A foaming composition comprising: a. 9% to 13% of total surfactant consisting of one or more anionic surfactants; b. 0.1% to 2% of a surfactant-soluble anti-dandruff active; c. 4% to 15% of a blowing agent selected from the group consisting of propane, n-butane, isobutane, cyclopropane, and mixtures thereof; and halogenated hydrocarbons; and d. 40% to 80% aqueous carrier; wherein the pH of the foaming composition is from 3.5 to 6.5; The one or more anionic surfactants are selected from the group consisting of ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium lauric monoglyceride sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, Potassium PEG-8 sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauroyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauroyl sulfate, potassium cocoyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, sodium tridecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, undecyl sulfate, sodium trideceth-2 sulfate, and combinations thereof; The surfactant-soluble anti-dandruff active comprises a hydroxypyridone.

2. A foaming composition according to claim 1, wherein the total surfactant content of the one or more anionic surfactants is from 10% to 13%.

3. The foaming composition of claim 1, wherein the total surfactant content of the one or more anionic surfactants is from 11% to 13%.

4. The foaming composition of claim 1, wherein the total surfactant content of the one or more anionic surfactants is from 12% to 13%.

5. The foaming composition of claim 1 wherein the surfactant soluble anti-dandruff active is from 0.6% to 1%.

6. The foaming composition of claim 1 wherein the surfactant-soluble anti-dandruff active is present at 0.5% to 0.8%.

7. The foaming composition of claim 1, wherein the pH of the foaming composition is 4 to 6.

8. The foaming composition of claim 1, wherein the pH of the foaming composition is 5 to 6.

9. The foaming composition of claim 1 wherein the anti-dandruff active is deposited at a level equal to or greater than 0.8 μg / cm 2 .

10. The foaming composition according to claim 1, wherein the foam formed by the foaming composition has a foam density of 0.01 g / cm 3 to 0.2g / cm 3 .

11. The foaming composition according to claim 1, wherein the foam formed by the foaming composition has a foam density of 0.05 g / cm 3 to 0.1g / cm 3 .

12. The foaming composition of claim 1, wherein the foam formed by the foaming composition has a bubble size distribution comprising R 32 .

13. The foamable composition according to claim 1, wherein the foamable composition forms a foam having a yield point of 10 Pa to 50 Pa.

14. The foaming composition of claim 1, wherein the foaming composition has a viscosity of less than 3,000 cps measured at 25°C.

15. The foaming composition of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises from 1% to 5% of one or more amphoteric / zwitterionic or nonionic co-surfactants and mixtures thereof.

16. The foamable composition of claim 1, wherein the foamable composition comprises a viscosity modifier, and the viscosity modifier has a molecular weight of 75 g / mol to 350 g / mol.

17. The foaming composition of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises 0.1% to 5% of a stabilizer selected from the group consisting of trihydroxystearin, ethylene glycol distearate polymer, and mixtures thereof.

18. The foaming composition according to claim 16, wherein the viscosity modifier is selected from the group consisting of ethanol, dipropylene glycol, sodium xylene sulfonate, sodium chloride, alkoxylated silicone / ethoxylated silicone / propoxylated silicone / polyoxyethylene silicone / polyoxypropylene silicone / polyethylene glycol silicone / PEG-8 silicone / PEG-9 silicone / PEG-n silicone / silicone ether wherein n may be another integer, and mixtures thereof.

19. The foaming composition of claim 1, further comprising anti-dandruff particulates selected from the group consisting of pyridinethione salts, selenium sulfide, particulate sulfur, and mixtures thereof.

20. The foaming composition of claim 1, wherein the surfactant-soluble agent is selected from the group consisting of azoles, piroctone olamine salt, N-hydroxy-6-octyloxypyridin-2(1H)one, hexamidine bis(isethionate) salt, and mixtures thereof.

21. The foaming composition of claim 15, wherein the co-surfactant is selected from the group consisting of lauramidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, lauryl hydroxysultaine, sodium lauroamphoacetate, cocomonoethanolamide, and mixtures thereof.

22. The foaming composition of claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is selected from the group consisting of dichlorodifluoromethane, 1,1-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoro-2,2-trifluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethylene, 1,1-difluoroethane, dimethyl ether, monochlorodifluoromethane, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene, CO2, and mixtures thereof.

23. The foamable composition of claim 1, wherein the blowing agent is selected from the group consisting of propane and isobutylene, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, and mixtures thereof.

24. The foaming composition of claim 1 , wherein the foaming composition has a deposition efficiency >1.7 times greater than that of a control composition that deposits 1% by mass of a metered dose of surfactant-soluble anti-dandruff active, wherein the deposition efficiency is calculated using the formula:

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