Integrated catheter and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an integrated catheter and a manufacturing method, the integrated catheter comprises an inner-layer conduction tube body and an outer-layer tube body, the inner-layer conduction tube body is provided with a lead-out channel and a balloon inflation channel, the inner-layer conduction tube body is provided with a vent hole communicated with the balloon inflation channel, the outer-layer tube body is connected to the surface of the inner-layer conduction tube body through an extrusion process, and the outer-layer tube body is connected to the surface of the outer-layer conduction tube body. And a balloon inflation interlayer is formed between the outer-layer tube body and the inner-layer conduction tube body, and the balloon inflation interlayer is communicated with the vent holes. According to the integrated catheter, the outer-layer catheter body is connected to the inner-layer conducting catheter body through the extrusion process, the production process is simplified, the production efficiency is improved, the problems of balloon leakage, rupture and even falling caused by quality problems of manual bonding are solved, and the service life of the catheter is prolonged. According to the integrated catheter, the outer-layer catheter body and the inner-layer communicating catheter body form the integrated piece, the surface of the outer-layer catheter body is smooth and free of protrusions under the state that the balloon is inflated into the interlayer and not pressurized and filled with fluid, and smooth conveying can be achieved in a small conveying space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of urinary catheters, and in particular to an integrated urinary catheter and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, establishing an artificial urine diversion channel through catheterization is a commonly used method of diversion in all stages of clinical surgery. The urinary catheter is a key surgical instrument for establishing an artificial urine diversion channel during catheterization and is an essential medical device during surgery and nursing.

[0003] In clinical practice, to prevent post-anesthesia urinary incontinence and contamination of the surgical environment, patients undergo urinary catheterization before surgery. Urinary drainage is continued during and for a period of time after surgery. Catheterization is also performed for other non-anesthetized surgeries, urine specimen collection, and treatments where necessary.

[0004] A urinary catheter typically consists of an inner and outer tube. In conventional techniques, the outer tube must be pre-fabricated and manually applied to the inner tube and bonded to the outer tube with adhesive. This labor-intensive and time-consuming production process results in low efficiency and high costs. Furthermore, quality issues can easily lead to leakage, rupture, or even detachment of the balloon sleeve. This manual process also results in raised balloon sections on the catheter surface, as well as adhesive marks and adhesive burrs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve one of the above technical defects, an integrated urinary catheter and a manufacturing method thereof are provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The first object of the present application is to provide an integrated urinary catheter, comprising:

[0008] An inner conductive tube body, the inner conductive tube body having an outlet channel and a balloon inflation channel, and the inner conductive tube body having a vent hole communicating with the balloon inflation channel;

[0009] The outer tube body is connected to the surface of the inner conductive tube body through an extrusion process to form an integral piece with the inner conductive tube body, and a balloon-inflated interlayer is formed between the outer tube body and the inner conductive tube body, and the balloon-inflated interlayer is connected to the ventilation hole.

[0010] Optionally, the outer tube body covers the entire inner conductive tube body;

[0011] When the balloon is inflated and no pressurized filling fluid is applied to the interlayer, the outer tube body is a cylindrical structure with a fixed outer diameter.

[0012] Optionally, along the length direction of the integrated urinary catheter, the inner conductive tube body and the outer tube body are hot-melt connected on both sides of the balloon-inflated interlayer.

[0013] Optionally, at least two balloon-inflated interlayers are formed between the outer tube body and the inner conductive tube body along the length direction of the integrated urinary catheter, and the balloon-inflated interlayers are isolated from each other.

[0014] Optionally, at least two balloon inflation channels are formed in the inner conductive tube body, and the balloon inflation channels are isolated from each other;

[0015] The inner layer conducting tube body is provided with a plurality of vent holes, and each vent hole is connected to a corresponding balloon inflation channel and a balloon inflation interlayer.

[0016] Optionally, the outer tube body includes a fixed section and an expansion section, the fixed section and the inner conductive tube body are integrally connected, and the balloon-inflated interlayer is formed between the expansion section and the inner conductive tube body;

[0017] The parameters of the balloon-inflated interlayers are different, so that when the balloon-inflated interlayers are in an expanded state, the shapes and sizes of the balloon-inflated interlayers are different;

[0018] The parameters of the balloon-inflated interlayer include the length parameter and thickness parameter of the expansion segment and the fluid pressure parameter in the balloon-inflated interlayer.

[0019] A second object of the present application is to provide a method for manufacturing an integrated urinary catheter, comprising:

[0020] Step S1, inner layer conductive tube body forming step: extruding the inner layer conductive tube body having the lead-out channel and the balloon inflation channel at one time through the inner layer extruder and the inner layer extrusion die;

[0021] Step S2: machining vent holes on the inner conductive tube body;

[0022] Step S3, processing the area where the vent holes are set on the inner conductive tube body;

[0023] Step S4, outer layer tube body forming step: the outer layer tube body is formed on the outer surface of the inner layer conductive tube body by an outer layer extruder and an outer layer extrusion die, so that the outer layer tube body is covered on the inner layer conductive tube body, the outer layer tube body and the inner layer conductive tube body form an integrated structure, and a balloon-filled interlayer is formed between the outer layer tube body and the inner layer conductive tube body.

[0024] Optionally, in step S3, it includes determining a position on the inner conductive tube body corresponding to the interlayer inflated by the balloon, and performing a processing operation on the corresponding position on the inner conductive tube body;

[0025] The processing operation includes cleaning the corresponding position of the inner conductive tube body and coating the corresponding position of the inner conductive tube body with a release agent.

[0026] Optionally, in step S4, the one-piece urinary catheter extruded by the outer layer extruder and the outer layer extrusion die is subjected to heat treatment on both sides of the portion corresponding to the balloon-inflated interlayer, so that the inner layer conductive tube body and the outer layer tube body are fixedly connected in the areas on both sides of the balloon-inflated interlayer.

[0027] Optionally, in step S1, the extruded inner conductive tube has at least two balloon inflation channels;

[0028] In step S2, at least two ventilation holes are processed on the inner conductive tube body, and the ventilation holes are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the inner conductive tube body, and each ventilation hole is connected to a corresponding balloon inflation channel;

[0029] In step S3, the positions of the interlayers formed by the inflated balloons are determined respectively, and corresponding processing is performed according to the positions of the interlayers formed by the inflated balloons on the inner conductive tube body;

[0030] In step S4, during the extrusion of the integrated urinary catheter, heat treatment is performed on both sides of the location where each balloon-inflated interlayer is set, so that the inner conductive tube body and the outer tube body are heat-melted to form a plurality of balloon-inflated interlayers isolated from each other.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The outer tube body of the integrated urinary catheter of the present application is connected to the inner conductive tube body through an extrusion process, which simplifies the production process, improves production efficiency, and avoids the problems of balloon leakage, rupture or even falling off due to quality problems in manual bonding. The outer tube body and the inner conductive tube body of the integrated urinary catheter of the present application form an integrated part. When the balloon is inflated and the interlayer is not filled with fluid, the surface of the outer tube body is smooth and has no protrusions, and can be smoothly transmitted in a smaller transmission space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of an integrated urinary catheter provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0035] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view showing a state where the integrated urinary catheter provided by an embodiment of the present application is pressurized and filled to form an expanded airbag;

[0036] Figure 3 A diagram showing the state of the integrated urinary catheter provided by an embodiment of the present application forming an apple-shaped balloon and a spherical balloon after pressurized filling;

[0037] Figure 4 The diagram shows the state of the integrated urinary catheter provided by the embodiment of the present application forming a spherical balloon and a spindle-shaped balloon after pressurized filling.

[0038] In the figure: 100, integrated urinary catheter; 1, inner conductive tube body; 11, lead-out channel; 12, balloon inflation channel; 13, vent; 2, outer tube body; 21, fixed section; 22, expansion section; 3a, balloon inflation interlayer; 3b, balloon. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clearly understood, the exemplary embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, and are not an exhaustive list of all the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other unless they conflict.

[0040] In the description of the present application and its embodiments, it should be understood that the terms "top", "bottom", "height", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0041] In this application and its embodiments, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "disposed," "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections, electrical connections, or communication; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0042] In the present application and its embodiments, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] As shown in the picture Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides an integrated urinary catheter 100, comprising an inner conductive tube body 1 and an outer conductive tube body 2. The inner conductive tube body 1 has an outlet channel 11 and a balloon inflation channel 12. The outlet channel 11 is used to divert urine. The inner conductive tube body 1 has a vent 13 connected to the balloon inflation channel 12. The outer conductive tube body 2 is connected to the surface of the inner conductive tube body 1 through an extrusion process to form an integral part with the inner conductive tube body 1. A balloon inflation interlayer 3a is formed between the outer conductive tube body 2 and the inner conductive tube body 1. The balloon inflation interlayer 3a is connected to the vent 13. Fluid, such as water or air, can be introduced into the balloon inflation interlayer 3a through the balloon inflation channel 12, causing the balloon inflation interlayer 3a to expand to form a balloon 3b.

[0045] The integrated urinary catheter 100 of the present application can be made of silicone. The outer tube body 2 of the integrated urinary catheter 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is connected to the inner conductive tube body 1 through an extrusion process, which simplifies the production process, improves production efficiency, and avoids the problems of leakage, rupture, or even detachment of the balloon 3b caused by quality problems in manual bonding. The outer tube body 2 and the inner conductive tube body 1 of the integrated urinary catheter 100 of the present application form a single piece. When the balloon is inflated and the interlayer 3a is not pressurized and filled with fluid, the surface of the outer tube body 2 is smooth and has no protrusions, allowing smooth delivery within a relatively small delivery space.

[0046] In some possible embodiments, the outer tube body 2 covers the entire inner conductive tube body 1. When the balloon is inflated and the interlayer 3a is not pressurized with fluid, the outer tube body 2 is a cylindrical structure with a fixed outer diameter.

[0047] In this embodiment, the outer tube body 2 is coated on the entire inner conductive tube body 1, so that the outer surface of the urinary catheter is an integrated structure. The outer surface of the urinary catheter is smooth and has no protrusions. During the delivery process, the resistance is small and the patient feels little pain. The outer tube body 2 of the present application is formed on the outer surface of the inner conductive tube body 1 by an outer layer extruder and an outer layer extrusion die, so that the outer tube body 2 is coated on the inner conductive tube body 1. The outer tube body 2 and the inner conductive tube body 1 form an integrated structure. Therefore, the wall thickness of the outer tube body 2 can be constant, which can solve the problem of eccentricity of the balloon 3b formed after the interlayer 3a of the balloon is inflated.

[0048] In some possible embodiments, along the length direction of the integrated urinary catheter 100, the inner conductive tube body 1 and the outer conductive tube body 2 are heat-melted on both sides of the balloon-inflated interlayer 3a. The inner conductive tube body 1 is extruded and molded in one step by an inner extruder and an inner extrusion die. The outer conductive tube body 2 is formed on the outer surface of the inner conductive tube body 1 by an outer extruder and an outer extrusion die, so that the outer conductive tube body 2 is covered on the inner conductive tube body 1. In order to form a closed balloon-inflated interlayer 3a between the outer conductive tube body 2 and the inner conductive tube body 1, heating can be performed on both sides of the balloon-inflated interlayer 3a position, so that the outer conductive tube body 2 and the inner conductive tube body 1 are heat-melted and connected, forming a sealed balloon-inflated interlayer 3a.

[0049] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, along the length of the integrated urinary catheter 100, at least two balloon-inflated interlayers 3a are formed between the outer tube body 2 and the inner conductive tube body 1. Each balloon-inflated interlayer 3a is isolated from the other. After pressurized and filled with fluid, multiple balloons 3b can be sequentially formed on the integrated urinary catheter 100. Forming multiple balloon-inflated interlayers 3a on the integrated urinary catheter 100 can meet different usage scenarios. In this embodiment of the present application, an extrusion process is used to facilitate the formation of multiple balloon-inflated interlayers 3a on the urinary catheter.

[0050] In some possible embodiments, at least two balloon inflation channels 12 are formed in the inner conductive tube body 1, and the balloon inflation channels 12 are isolated from each other. A plurality of ventilation holes 13 are provided on the inner conductive tube body 1, and each ventilation hole 13 is connected to the corresponding balloon inflation channel 12 and the balloon inflation interlayer 3a.

[0051] In this embodiment, each balloon-inflatable interlayer 3a is connected to an independent balloon-inflating channel 12. Fluid is introduced into each balloon-inflating channel 12 to expand the corresponding balloon-inflatable interlayer 3a. Each balloon-inflatable interlayer 3a within the integrated urinary catheter 100 can be fed with fluid through its own balloon-inflating channel 12 and set to a different pressure as needed, allowing balloons 3b of varying sizes and shapes to be formed on the same urinary catheter.

[0052] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the outer tube body 2 includes a fixed section 21 and an expansion section 22, the fixed section 21 and the inner conductive tube body 1 are integrally connected, and the balloon-inflated interlayer 3a is formed between the expansion section 22 and the inner conductive tube body 1, and the parameters of each balloon-inflated interlayer 3a are different, so that when each balloon-inflated interlayer 3a is in an expanded state, the shape and size of each balloon-inflated interlayer 3a after expansion are different, wherein the parameters of the balloon-inflated interlayer 3a include the length parameter and thickness parameter of the expansion section 22 and the fluid pressure parameter in the balloon-inflated interlayer 3a.

[0053] It should be noted that the outer tube body 2 is formed on the outer surface of the inner conductive tube body 1 by an outer extruder and an outer extrusion die, so that the outer tube body 2 is coated on the inner conductive tube body 1. Therefore, the thickness parameters of the outer tube body 2 can be adjusted by controlling the operating parameters of the outer extruder, and the thickness of the outer tube body 2 can be easily controlled to change so that the interlayer 3a of the balloon is expanded to form a corresponding shape. Through process design, it is possible to have balloons 3b with the same size or different shapes after being formed at the same pressure and different positions on a catheter, and to have balloons 3b with different pressures and different positions on a catheter after being formed at the same size or different sizes or different shapes. For example, the expanded balloon 3b can be made into a spherical shape, an apple shape, a pumpkin shape, or a spindle shape to meet different usage requirements, thereby expanding the medical application of balloon 3b technology.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The embodiment of the present application also provides an extruder and an extrusion die for producing the integrated urinary catheter 100 in the first embodiment, which include: . . .

[0056] Example 3

[0057] The third embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned integrated urinary catheter 100, comprising:

[0058] Step S1, forming the inner conductive tube body 1: extruding the inner conductive tube body 1 having the lead-out channel 11 and the balloon inflation channel 12 at one time through an inner layer extruder and an inner layer extrusion die;

[0059] Step S2: machining a vent hole 13 on the inner conductive tube body 1;

[0060] Step S3, processing the area where the vent hole 13 is provided on the inner conductive tube body 1;

[0061] Step S4, outer layer tube body 2 forming step: the outer layer tube body 2 is formed on the outer surface of the inner layer conductive tube body 1 through the outer layer extruder and the outer layer extrusion mold, so that the outer layer tube body 2 is covered on the inner layer conductive tube body 1, and the outer layer tube body 2 and the inner layer conductive tube body 1 form an integral structure, and a balloon-inflated interlayer 3a is formed between the outer layer tube body 2 and the inner layer conductive tube body 1.

[0062] Optionally, in step S3, it includes determining the position of the inner conductive tube body 1 corresponding to the interlayer 3a inflated by the balloon, and performing a processing operation on the corresponding position on the inner conductive tube body 1;

[0063] Among them, the processing operation includes cleaning the corresponding position of the inner conductive tube body 1 and coating the release agent on the corresponding position of the inner conductive tube body 1, so that after step S4, the outer tube body 2 and the inner conductive tube body 1 are separated in the area where the release agent is coated, forming a balloon-inflated interlayer 3a, which can be expanded into a balloon 3b.

[0064] In some possible embodiments, step S4 includes performing a heat treatment on both sides of the portion corresponding to the balloon-inflated interlayer 3a on the one-piece urinary catheter 100 extruded by the outer layer extruder and the outer layer extrusion die, so that the inner layer conductive tube body 1 and the outer layer tube body 2 are fixedly connected in the areas on both sides of the balloon-inflated interlayer 3a.

[0065] Optionally, in step S1 , the extruded inner conductive tube body 1 has at least two balloon inflation channels 12 ;

[0066] In step S2, at least two vent holes 13 are processed on the inner conductive tube body 1. The vent holes 13 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the inner conductive tube body 1. Each vent hole 13 is connected to a corresponding balloon inflation channel 12.

[0067] In step S3, the position of each balloon-inflated interlayer 3a is determined respectively, and corresponding processing is performed according to the position of each balloon-inflated interlayer 3a on the inner conductive tube body 1;

[0068] In step S4, during the extrusion of the integrated urinary catheter 100, heat treatment is performed on both sides of the setting position of each balloon-inflated interlayer 3a, so that the inner conductive tube body 1 and the outer tube body 2 are heat-melted and connected to form a plurality of balloon-inflated interlayers 3a that are isolated from each other.

[0069] The disclosure above provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing the different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and settings of specific examples are described above. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, the present application may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present application provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0070] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0071] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An integrated urinary catheter, characterized in that: include: An inner conductive tube body, the inner conductive tube body having an outlet channel and a balloon inflation channel, and the inner conductive tube body having a vent hole communicating with the balloon inflation channel; The outer tube body is connected to the surface of the inner conductive tube body through an extrusion process to form an integral piece with the inner conductive tube body, and a balloon-inflated interlayer is formed between the outer tube body and the inner conductive tube body, and the balloon-inflated interlayer is connected to the ventilation hole.

2. The integrated urinary catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer tube body covers the entire inner conductive tube body; When the balloon is inflated and no pressurized filling fluid is applied to the interlayer, the outer tube body is a cylindrical structure with a fixed outer diameter.

3. The integrated urinary catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the length direction of the integrated urinary catheter, on both sides of the balloon-inflated interlayer, the inner conductive tube body and the outer tube body are connected by heat melting.

4. The integrated urinary catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two balloon-inflated interlayers are formed between the outer tube body and the inner conductive tube body along the length direction of the integrated urinary catheter, and the balloon-inflated interlayers are isolated from each other.

5. The integrated urinary catheter according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least two balloon inflation channels are formed in the inner conductive tube body, and the balloon inflation channels are isolated from each other; The inner layer conducting tube body is provided with a plurality of vent holes, and each vent hole is connected to a corresponding balloon inflation channel and a balloon inflation interlayer.

6. The integrated urinary catheter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer tube body includes a fixed section and an expansion section, the fixed section and the inner conductive tube body are integrally connected, and the balloon-inflated interlayer is formed between the expansion section and the inner conductive tube body; The parameters of the balloon-inflated interlayers are different, so that when the balloon-inflated interlayers are in an expanded state, the shapes and sizes of the balloon-inflated interlayers are different; The parameters of the balloon-inflated interlayer include the length parameter and thickness parameter of the expansion section and the fluid pressure parameter in the balloon-inflated interlayer.

7. The method for manufacturing the integrated urinary catheter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: Step S1, inner layer conductive tube body forming step: extruding the inner layer conductive tube body having the lead-out channel and the balloon inflation channel at one time through the inner layer extruder and the inner layer extrusion die; Step S2: machining vent holes on the inner conductive tube body; Step S3, processing the area where the vent holes are set on the inner conductive tube body; Step S4, outer layer tube body forming step: the outer layer tube body is formed on the outer surface of the inner layer conductive tube body by an outer layer extruder and an outer layer extrusion die, so that the outer layer tube body is covered on the inner layer conductive tube body, the outer layer tube body and the inner layer conductive tube body form an integrated structure, and a balloon-filled interlayer is formed between the outer layer tube body and the inner layer conductive tube body.

8. The method for manufacturing an integrated urinary catheter according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, it includes determining the position of the inner conductive tube body corresponding to the interlayer inflated by the balloon, and performing a processing operation on the corresponding position on the inner conductive tube body; The processing operation includes cleaning the corresponding position of the inner conductive tube body and coating the corresponding position of the inner conductive tube body with a release agent.

9. The method for manufacturing an integrated urinary catheter according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, the outer layer extruder and the outer layer extrusion die are subjected to a heating treatment on both sides of the portion corresponding to the balloon-inflated interlayer on the one-piece urinary catheter extruded, so that the inner layer conductive tube body and the outer layer tube body are fixedly connected in the areas on both sides of the balloon-inflated interlayer.

10. The method for manufacturing an integrated urinary catheter according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, the extruded inner conductive tube has at least two balloon inflation channels; In step S2, at least two ventilation holes are processed on the inner conductive tube body, and the ventilation holes are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the inner conductive tube body, and each ventilation hole is connected to a corresponding balloon inflation channel; In step S3, the positions of the interlayers formed by the inflated balloons are determined respectively, and corresponding processing is performed according to the positions of the interlayers formed by the inflated balloons on the inner conductive tube body; In step S4, during the extrusion of the integrated urinary catheter, heat treatment is performed on both sides of the location where each balloon-inflated interlayer is set, so that the inner conductive tube body and the outer tube body are heat-melted to form a plurality of balloon-inflated interlayers isolated from each other.

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