Pressure-resistant shell applying composite material end socket and preparation method of pressure-resistant shell

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure-resistant shell applying a composite material end socket and a preparation method of the pressure-resistant shell, and belongs to the technical field of submersible pressure-resistant shells. A barrel body of the pressure-resistant shell and end sockets at the two ends of the pressure-resistant shell are integrally formed by laying and winding composite materials, polar holes are reserved in the middles of the end sockets, sealing reinforcing pieces I are fixed to the two ends in the pressure-resistant shell and connected with one ends of sealing reinforcing pieces II penetrating into the polar holes, and the other ends of the sealing reinforcing pieces II are arranged outside the pressure-resistant shell. The middle of the pressure-resistant shell is divided into two sections, anti-leakage rings are bonded and fixed to the cut ends of the two sections of the pressure-resistant shell, and the two anti-leakage rings are detachably and fixedly connected. The method comprises the following steps: preparing and combining steel molds; preparing an anti-leakage ring, two sealing reinforcing pieces, a foam mold block and a sealing head foam mold; assembling an end socket foam mold, a sealing reinforcing piece I and a foam mold block; the mold is fixed to a winding machine, and the composite material is laid and wound on the surface of the mold; performing curing; demolding is conducted; and installing an anti-leakage ring and a sealing reinforcing piece II. The method is used for preparing the composite pressure-resistant shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of submersible pressure hulls, and in particular relates to a pressure hull with a composite material head and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Submersibles are essential technical equipment for exploring marine resources and conducting marine operations. As one of the most critical pressure-resistant components of a deep-sea submersible, the pressure hull protects the deep-sea equipment and personnel within it while enduring the high pressures underwater. The weight-to-displacement ratio of a pressure hull is a key consideration in its design. The lower the weight-to-displacement ratio, the greater the payload the hull can support.

[0003] Carbon fiber composite materials have the advantages of low density, high specific strength, high specific stiffness and corrosion resistance. They are gradually being used in pressure hulls, showing significant advantages in lightweighting and have become a hot topic of research for scholars from various countries. The current carbon fiber composite pressure hulls usually use carbon fiber composite materials for the cylindrical shell section, while the sealing end covers on both sides are still made of metal materials, making further weight reduction difficult. The main reason is that although the metal end covers can ensure the load-bearing capacity, due to the high density of metal materials and poor designability, the weight of the manufactured metal end covers accounts for a large proportion of the total weight of the pressure hull structure (about 30%-50%). Therefore, lightweight design of the end covers is an important means to further reduce the weight ratio of the carbon fiber composite pressure hull. In addition, the sealing end covers prepared by the traditional winding process are difficult to meet the load-bearing requirements of large underwater diving depths. Therefore, it is also crucial to improve the preparation process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems existing in the prior art and to provide a pressure hull with a composite material head and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The present invention not only performs a lightweight design on the pressure hull, but also uses composite materials to prepare the head, thereby achieving the purpose of weight reduction; at the same time, the pressure hull as a whole adopts a combination of laying and winding processes to meet the load-bearing requirements.

[0006] In the present invention, since the pressure hull has polar holes at both ends after preparation and the pressure hull needs to be demolded from a core mold (the core mold includes a steel mold and two head foam molds), the preparation of the pressure hull is completed by designing and assembling the mold.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A pressure-resistant shell using a composite material head seal, wherein the shell body and the heads at both ends are integrally formed by combining composite material laying and winding, a pole hole is left in the middle of the head seal, and a sealing reinforcement piece I is fixed to the middle of both ends of the pressure shell, the sealing reinforcement piece I is connected to one end of the sealing reinforcement piece II that penetrates into the pole hole, and the other end of the sealing reinforcement piece II is placed outside the pressure shell; the middle of the pressure shell is cut into two sections, and the cut ends of the two sections of the pressure shell are both bonded and fixed with anti-leakage rings, and the two anti-leakage rings are detachably fixedly connected.

[0009] Furthermore, the two anti-leakage rings are flanges, and the small diameter end of the flange is provided with an annular groove coaxial with the flange; the cut end of each section of the pressure shell is arranged in the annular groove of the flange and the two are bonded.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the sealing reinforcement parts I is composed of a spherical reinforcement plate and an internal threaded sleeve, a center hole is provided in the middle of the spherical reinforcement plate, the internal threaded sleeve is fixed to the middle of the top of the spherical reinforcement plate, and the central inner cavity of the internal threaded sleeve is connected to the center hole; the sealing reinforcement part II is composed of a circular flat plate and an external threaded column, one end of the external threaded column is fixedly connected to the middle of the circular flat plate; the external threaded column of the sealing reinforcement part II is inserted into the pole hole and threadedly connected to the internal threaded sleeve of the sealing reinforcement part I.

[0011] A method for preparing a pressure hull using a composite material head, the method comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1: Design and assembly of composite pressure shell winding mold;

[0013] S101: preparing a steel mold; the steel mold includes a steel mold I and a steel mold II. First, the steel mold I and the steel mold II are coaxially connected by threads to complete the steel mold assembly, and a space is left between the steel mold I and the steel mold II for bonding multiple foam mold blocks;

[0014] S102: Prepare two anti-leakage rings, two sealing reinforcement parts I, two sealing reinforcement parts II, a multi-lobe foam mold block, and two head foam molds, and attach release cloth to the surface of each lobe foam mold block and the head foam mold;

[0015] S103: Assembling the head foam mold, the sealing reinforcement member I, and the foam mold block; bonding the head foam mold to the outer end of the first thick cylindrical shaft of the steel mold I and the outer end of the second thick cylindrical shaft of the steel mold II, respectively; then bonding the sealing reinforcement member I to the two head foam molds, respectively; and finally, assembling the multi-petal foam mold block along the circumferential direction by bonding in the space left between the first thick cylindrical shaft of the steel mold I and the second thick cylindrical shaft of the steel mold II;

[0016] S2: The pressure shell is formed using a steel mold;

[0017] S201: Fix the mold assembled in step S103 on a winding machine, wipe the steel mold with alcohol, and then apply a release agent on the entire mold surface;

[0018] S202: Use unidirectional prepreg to be hoop-laid on the mold surface with a thickness of 20%-30% of the pressure shell thickness, and then wind the composite material to the designed thickness;

[0019] S203: placing the pressure-resistant shell wrapped with the composite material together with the mold into a curing furnace for curing;

[0020] S204: After curing is completed, the pressure shell and the mold are removed, and the pressure shell is cut in the middle of the assembled multi-petal foam mold block to cut the pressure shell into two sections. Then, all foam mold blocks on the mold are cleaned, and finally, the steel mold I and the steel mold II are separated;

[0021] S205: Using a demoulding machine to remove the steel mold I and the steel mold II respectively;

[0022] S206: Clean the head foam molds in the two demoulded pressure shells and grind the cut ends of the two pressure shells to make them smooth;

[0023] S207: Bond the two anti-leakage rings to the cut ends of the two sections of the pressure hull respectively, then connect the two anti-leakage rings with bolts, and finally connect the sealing reinforcement II with the sealing reinforcement I, thereby completing the preparation of the pressure hull.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S101, the steel mold I is composed of a coaxial and integral thin round shaft 1, a thin round shaft 2 and a thick cylindrical shaft 1 located therebetween, and a section of external thread is processed on the side wall of the outer end of the thin round shaft 2; the steel mold II is composed of a coaxial and integral thin round shaft 3 and a thick cylindrical shaft 2, and a threaded hole is processed in the middle of the outer end of the thick cylindrical shaft 2, and the diameter and length of the thick cylindrical shaft 1 are the same as those of the thick cylindrical shaft 2; the thin round shaft 2 of the steel mold I is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the thick cylindrical shaft 2 of the steel mold II.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S102, both of the anti-leakage rings are flanges, and the small-diameter end of the flange is provided with an annular groove coaxial with the flange; the cutout end of each section of the pressure hull is disposed in the annular groove of the flange and the two are bonded together;

[0026] Each of the sealing reinforcement pieces I is composed of a spherical reinforcement plate and an internal threaded sleeve, a central hole is provided in the middle of the spherical reinforcement plate, the internal threaded sleeve is fixed to the middle of the top of the spherical reinforcement plate, and the central inner cavity of the internal threaded sleeve is connected to the central hole; the sealing reinforcement piece II is composed of a circular flat plate and an external threaded column, one end of the external threaded column is fixedly connected to the middle of the circular flat plate; the external threaded column of the sealing reinforcement piece II is inserted into the extreme hole and is threadedly connected to the internal threaded sleeve of the sealing reinforcement piece I; the multiple foam mold blocks are all arc-shaped;

[0027] The head foam mold is a spherical panel, and a plane is processed on the top of the spherical panel, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the spherical panel; the through hole of one of the head foam molds is mounted on the thin round shaft 1 of the steel mold I, and the through hole of the other head foam mold is mounted on the thin round shaft 3 of the steel mold II.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S103, the space left between the thick cylindrical shaft 1 of the steel mold I and the thick cylindrical shaft 2 of the steel mold II is circumferentially bonded to assemble the multi-lobed foam mold block; that is: the section of the thin cylindrical shaft 2 of the steel mold I on which the thread is not processed is circumferentially bonded to assemble the multi-lobed foam mold block.

[0029] Furthermore, in step S203, the curing is divided into the following three stages: the first stage: heating to 90°C, heating rate 1°C / min; the second stage: keeping warm at 90°C for 2 hours; the third stage: heating to 145°C, heating rate 1°C / min; the fourth stage: keeping warm at 145°C for 2.5 hours.

[0030] Furthermore, in step S205, the steel mold I and the steel mold II are removed respectively by using a demoulding machine, specifically:

[0031] A section of pressure-resistant shell corresponding to steel mold II is clamped and fixed on the chuck of the demoulding machine, one end of the connecting shaft is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of steel mold II, and the other end is connected to the demoulding machine for traction, thereby removing steel mold II; a section of pressure-resistant shell corresponding to steel mold I is clamped and fixed on the chuck of the demoulding machine, and the thin round shaft 2 of steel mold I is connected to the demoulding machine for traction, thereby removing steel mold I.

[0032] Furthermore, in step S207, the sealing reinforcement member II is connected to the sealing reinforcement member I, specifically, the external threaded column of the sealing reinforcement member II is inserted into the pole hole and is threadedly connected to the internal threaded sleeve of the sealing reinforcement member I.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention relative to the prior art are:

[0034] 1. The present invention proposes a pressure hull using a composite material head and its preparation method. Composite materials are applied to the pressure hull head to achieve a lightweight design. Although currently mature composite gas cylinder heads mostly use non-metallic materials such as carbon fiber, underwater submersible pressure hulls and gas cylinders share many similarities in terms of environmental conditions, functional use, and load-bearing methods. The present invention presents certain challenges in the load-bearing design and molding process of the composite pressure hull. Specifically, in the composite pressure hull molding process, the composite material is wound at a small angle (because the purpose of the present invention is to lightweight the head), with a winding angle of 15°. The smaller the winding angle, the smaller the diameter of the hole and the size of the sealing reinforcement, thereby reducing the weight of the pressure hull structure. The hole diameter, the inner diameter of the cylindrical section of the pressure hull (that is, the outer circumferential diameter of the thick cylindrical shaft 1 of steel mold I and the thick cylindrical shaft 2 of steel mold II), and the winding angle are mutually coupled. The winding process alone cannot guarantee structural strength. Therefore, the present invention proposes a combined laying and winding process for preparation.

[0035] 2. Regarding the sealing issue at the pole hole, the sealing design of the pressure hull of the present invention differs significantly from the sealing method used in composite gas cylinders. When a composite gas cylinder is filled with gas, it is subject to gas pressure, representing an internal pressure condition. In contrast, when operating underwater, the pressure hull is subject to water pressure, representing an external pressure condition. Therefore, the present invention utilizes sealing reinforcement II at the pole hole to ensure the pressure hull's sealing performance in underwater environments.

[0036] 3. The pressure hull prepared by the method of the present invention is only provided with a sealing reinforcement at the head. Although the sealing reinforcement is made of metal, its weight is significantly reduced compared to traditional metal end caps, with a weight reduction ratio of approximately 80% to 90%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a steel mold, where: Figure 1 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of steel mold I. Figure 1 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of steel mold II;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a top view of the sealing reinforcement part I;

[0039] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Main view;

[0040] Figure 4 This is the main view of the sealing reinforcement II;

[0041] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the foam mold block structure;

[0042] Figure 6Schematic diagram of six-petal foam mold blocks assembled by bonding along the circumferential direction;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a top view of the head foam mold;

[0044] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Main view;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of steel mold I and steel mold II;

[0046] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the mold after bonding the head foam mold and splicing the foam mold blocks;

[0047] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the shaft connection structure;

[0048] Figure 12 It is a main sectional view of the anti-leakage ring;

[0049] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the carbon fiber composite pressure hull structure prepared by the method of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the pressure hull being subjected to water pressure during underwater operations;

[0051] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 cross-sectional view;

[0052] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the cylinder shell being affected by gas pressure;

[0053] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 cross-sectional view;

[0054] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the pressure hull end;

[0055] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between sealing reinforcement part I and sealing reinforcement part II;

[0056] Figure 20 This is the actual seal reinforcement II Figure 1 ;

[0057] Figure 21 This is the actual seal reinforcement II Figure 2 ;

[0058] Figure 22 It is a real anti-leakage ring Figure 1 ;

[0059] Figure 23 It is a real anti-leakage ring Figure 2;

[0060] Figure 24 This is a physical picture of sealing reinforcement part I.

[0061] The names and reference numerals of the components in the above drawings are as follows:

[0062] Steel mold Ⅰ1, thick cylindrical shaft 11, thin round shaft 12, thin round shaft 2 13, steel mold Ⅱ2, thick cylindrical shaft 2 21, thin round shaft 3 22, foam mold block 3, anti-leakage ring 4, annular groove 41, sealing reinforcement Ⅰ5, spherical surface reinforcement plate 51, internal thread sleeve 52, sealing reinforcement Ⅱ6, circular flat plate 61, external thread column 62, head foam mold 7, connecting shaft 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more easily understood by those skilled in the art, the following will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific implementation method one:

[0065] like Figure 2-Figure 4 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 13 、 Figures 19-24 As shown, this embodiment discloses a pressure-resistant shell using a composite material head, wherein the cylinder body of the pressure-resistant shell and the heads at both ends (ellipsoidal) are formed as one piece by combining composite material laying and winding, a pole hole is left in the middle of the head, and a sealing reinforcement member I5 is fixed in the middle of both ends of the pressure shell, the sealing reinforcement member I5 is connected to one end of the sealing reinforcement member II6 that penetrates into the pole hole, and the other end of the sealing reinforcement member II6 is placed outside the pressure shell; the middle part of the pressure shell is cut into two sections, and the cut ends of the two sections of the pressure shell are both bonded and fixed with anti-leakage rings 4, and the two anti-leakage rings 4 are detachably fixed (by bolts).

[0066] Further, such as Figure 12 、 Figure 22 、 Figure 23 The two anti-leakage rings 4 are flanges, and the small diameter end of the flange is provided with an annular groove 41 coaxial with the flange; the cut end of each section of the pressure hull is arranged in the annular groove 41 of the flange and the two are bonded.

[0067] Further, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 24As shown, each of the sealing reinforcement members I5 is composed of a spherical reinforcement plate 51 and an internal threaded sleeve 52. A center hole is provided in the middle of the spherical reinforcement plate 51. The internal threaded sleeve 52 is fixed to the middle of the top of the spherical reinforcement plate 51. The central inner cavity of the internal threaded sleeve 52 is connected to the center hole.

[0068] like Figure 4 、 Figures 18-22 As shown, the sealing reinforcement member II6 consists of a circular flat plate 61 and an external threaded column 62, one end of the external threaded column 62 is fixedly connected to the middle of the circular flat plate 61 (the two can also be processed into one piece); the external threaded column 62 of the sealing reinforcement member II6 is inserted into the pole hole and threadedly connected to the internal threaded sleeve 52 of the sealing reinforcement member I5. Specific implementation method 2:

[0070] like Figure 1-Figure 24 As shown, this embodiment discloses a method for preparing a pressure hull using a composite material head as described in a specific embodiment 1, the method comprising the following steps:

[0071] S1: Design and assembly of the winding mold for the composite pressure hull (since the prepared pressure hull has polar holes at both ends, in order to ensure high utilization of the internal space of the pressure hull and facilitate demoulding, the winding mold is assembled and designed. After the winding is completed, the mold is disassembled and demoulded separately);

[0072] S101: preparing a steel mold; the steel mold includes a steel mold I1 and a steel mold II2. First, the steel mold I1 and the steel mold II2 are coaxially connected and threaded to complete the steel mold assembly, and a space is left between the steel mold I1 and the steel mold II2 for bonding multiple foam mold blocks 3 (the purpose is to split the pressure shell in the middle after winding and curing, which is convenient for demolding the two parts of the pressure shell after cutting);

[0073] S102: Prepare two anti-leakage rings 4, two sealing reinforcements I 5, two sealing reinforcements II 6, a multi-lobe foam mold block 3, and two end-end foam molds 7, and attach release cloth to the surface of each lobe foam mold block 3 and the end-end foam mold 7;

[0074] The foam mold block 3 and the head foam mold 7 are both made of PMI material.

[0075] S103: Assembling the head foam mold 7, the sealing reinforcement member I5, and the foam mold block 3; bonding the head foam mold 7 to the outer ends of the thick cylindrical shaft 11 of the steel mold I1 and the outer ends of the thick cylindrical shaft 21 of the steel mold II2, respectively; then bonding the sealing reinforcement member I5 to the two head foam molds 7, respectively; and finally, assembling the multi-petal foam mold block 3 by bonding along the circumferential direction in the space left between the thick cylindrical shaft 11 of the steel mold I1 and the thick cylindrical shaft 21 of the steel mold II2;

[0076] Because the pressure hull is a sealed structure and the strength at the pole hole is relatively low, it is necessary to perform sealing reinforcement treatment at the pole hole. In order to form the sealing reinforcement I5 with the pressure hull as an integral part, the sealing reinforcement I5 needs to be placed in the designated position of the winding mold before winding and can remain at the pole hole after demolding. Therefore, the head foam mold 7 is bonded to both ends of the winding mold, and then the sealing reinforcement I5 is bonded to the head foam mold 7.

[0077] The pole holes are holes formed at both ends of the mold after spiral winding using a winding machine.

[0078] S2: The pressure shell is formed using a steel mold;

[0079] S201: Fix the mold assembled in step S103 on the winding machine, wipe the steel mold with alcohol (make sure there are no other impurities on the surface of the steel mold), and then brush (three times) the release agent on the entire surface of the mold;

[0080] S202: Use unidirectional prepreg to be hoop-laid on the mold surface with a thickness of 20%-30% of the pressure shell thickness, and then wind the composite material to the designed thickness;

[0081] Carbon fiber composite material is used, and the winding angle of the carbon fiber composite material is 15°.

[0082] S203: placing the pressure-resistant shell wrapped with the composite material together with the mold into a curing furnace for curing (adjusting the curing temperature according to the curing temperature of the resin);

[0083] S204: After curing is completed, the pressure shell and the mold are removed, and the pressure shell is cut in the middle of the assembled multi-petal foam mold block 3 to cut the pressure shell into two sections. Then, all foam mold blocks 3 on the mold are cleaned, and finally, the steel mold I1 and the steel mold II2 are separated;

[0084] Because the pole hole is small and the pressure shell needs to be demolded, the wrapped pressure shell needs to be cut apart at the center of the multi-petal foam mold block 3. Then, separate the steel molds Ⅰ1 and Ⅱ2 and demold them separately. To ensure the cut is at foam mold block 3, use a white marker to mark a circumferential line in the center of the pressure shell. Then, cut 1 cm to the left and right of the white line. Be careful not to cut into the thin circular shaft 2 13 of steel mold Ⅰ1.

[0085] S205: Using a demoulding machine to remove the steel mold Ⅰ1 and the steel mold Ⅱ2 respectively;

[0086] S206: Clean the head foam molds 7 in the two demoulded pressure shells and grind the cut ends of the two pressure shells to make them smooth;

[0087] S207: Bond the two anti-leakage rings 4 to the cut ends of the two sections of the pressure hull respectively, then connect the two anti-leakage rings 4 with bolts, and finally connect the sealing reinforcement piece II6 with the sealing reinforcement piece I5, thus completing the preparation of the pressure hull.

[0088] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 2 , in step S101 , the steel mold Ⅰ1 is composed of a coaxial and integral thin round shaft 12, a thin round shaft 2 13 and a thick cylindrical shaft 11 located therebetween. An external thread is machined on the outer side wall of the thin round shaft 2 13 .

[0089] like Figure 1 As shown in (b), the steel mold II2 is composed of a coaxial and integral thin round shaft 3 22 and a thick cylindrical shaft 21. A threaded hole is processed in the middle of the outer end of the thick cylindrical shaft 21. The diameter and length of the thick cylindrical shaft 11 and the thick cylindrical shaft 21 are the same (the thick cylindrical shaft 11 and the thick cylindrical shaft 21 are used to form the pressure shell);

[0090] like Figure 9 As shown, the thin round shaft 2 13 of the steel mold Ⅰ1 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the thick cylindrical shaft 21 of the steel mold Ⅱ2.

[0091] Further, such as Figure 12 、 Figure 22 、 Figure 23 As shown, in step S102, the two anti-leakage rings 4 are flanges, and the small-diameter end of the flange is provided with an annular groove 41 coaxial with the flange; the cut end of each section of the pressure hull is arranged in the annular groove 41 of the flange and the two are bonded;

[0092] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 24 As shown, each of the sealing reinforcement members I5 is composed of a spherical reinforcement plate 51 and an internal threaded sleeve 52. A center hole is provided in the middle of the spherical reinforcement plate 51. The internal threaded sleeve 52 is fixed to the middle of the top of the spherical reinforcement plate 51. The central inner cavity of the internal threaded sleeve 52 is connected to the center hole.

[0093] like Figure 4 、 Figure 20 、 Figure 21 As shown, the sealing reinforcement II 6 is composed of a circular flat plate 61 and an external threaded column 62, one end of the external threaded column 62 is fixedly connected to the middle of the circular flat plate 61 (the two can also be processed into one piece);

[0094] like Figure 13 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 19As shown, the external threaded column 62 of the sealing reinforcement member II 6 penetrates the pole hole and is threadedly connected with the internal threaded sleeve 52 of the sealing reinforcement member I 5;

[0095] like Figure 5 As shown, the plurality of foam mold blocks 3 are all in arc shape;

[0096] like Figure 7 、 Figure 8 As shown, the head foam mold 7 is a spherical panel, and a plane is processed on the top of the spherical panel, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the spherical panel; one of the through holes of the head foam mold 7 is mounted on the thin round shaft 12 of the steel mold Ⅰ1, and the other through hole of the head foam mold 7 is mounted on the thin round shaft 3 22 of the steel mold Ⅱ2.

[0097] Further, such as Figure 1 (b) Figure 9 、 Figure 10 As shown, in step S103, the space left between the thick cylindrical shaft 11 of the steel mold Ⅰ1 and the thick cylindrical shaft 21 of the steel mold Ⅱ2 is circumferentially bonded to assemble the multi-lobed foam mold block 3; that is: the section of the thin cylindrical shaft 2 13 of the steel mold Ⅰ1 on which the thread is not processed is bonded and assembled along the circumferential direction.

[0098] Furthermore, in step S203, the curing is divided into the following three stages: the first stage: heating to 90°C, heating rate 1°C / min; the second stage: keeping warm at 90°C for 2 hours; the third stage: heating to 145°C, heating rate 1°C / min; the fourth stage: keeping warm at 145°C for 2.5 hours.

[0099] Further, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 11 As shown, in step S205, the steel mold I1 and the steel mold II2 are removed respectively by using a demoulding machine, specifically:

[0100] Fix a section of the pressure-resistant shell corresponding to the steel mold II 2 on the chuck of the demoulding machine, thread one end of the connecting shaft 8 into the threaded hole of the steel mold II 2 (one end of the connecting shaft 8 has an external thread on its outer wall), and connect the other end to the demoulding machine for pulling, thereby removing the steel mold II 2;

[0101] A section of the pressure-resistant shell corresponding to the steel mold Ⅰ1 is clamped and fixed on the demoulding machine chuck, and the thin round shaft 2 13 of the steel mold Ⅰ1 is connected to the demoulding machine for traction, thereby removing the steel mold Ⅰ1.

[0102] Further, such as Figure 2-Figure 4 、 Figures 19-21 、 Figure 24As shown, in step S207, the sealing reinforcement member II6 is connected to the sealing reinforcement member I5, specifically: the external threaded column 62 of the sealing reinforcement member II6 is inserted into the pole hole and threadedly connected to the internal threaded sleeve 52 of the sealing reinforcement member I5.

[0103] Example:

[0104] like Figure 1-Figure 24 As shown, this embodiment discloses a pressure-resistant shell using a composite material head and a preparation method thereof. The prepared carbon fiber composite pressure-resistant shell is a cylindrical shell, and a carbon fiber reinforced composite material formed based on a winding process is selected, and the resin is an epoxy resin resistant to marine environment; the middle assembled multiple foam mold blocks 3 and the foam molds 7 of the heads at both ends are all made of polytetrafluoroethylene; the steel mold (pressure shell barrel section mold), the pole hole connector (i.e., the sealing reinforcement part I5, the sealing reinforcement part II6) and the anti-leakage ring 4 are made of 45# steel.

[0105] Pressure shell parameters: wall thickness 3.5mm, cylindrical section length 200mm, head end height 32.5mm, shell diameter 130mm (cylindrical section inner diameter), pole hole diameter 33.65mm. The preparation process is as follows:

[0106] First, prepare the metal parts required for winding, then assemble the steel mold Ⅰ1 and the steel mold Ⅱ2, then assemble the six petals of polytetrafluoroethylene foam at the thin circular shaft 2 13, and assemble the polytetrafluoroethylene head foam mold 7 and the sealing reinforcement Ⅰ5 at both ends of the steel mold Ⅰ1 and the steel mold Ⅱ2;

[0107] The assembled mold is then placed on a wrapping machine for the first layup operation. T700 unidirectional prepreg is laid at a 90° circumferential angle, with a thickness of 0.7mm. Winding is then performed until the thickness reaches 3.5mm. To facilitate subsequent cutting, a white marker is used to mark the center of the pressure shell after winding. Finally, the completed pressure shell is placed in a curing oven for curing.

[0108] After curing is completed, cut at the middle line to completely hollow out the foam mold block 3 at the middle connection and disconnect the steel mold; then, connect the connecting shaft 8 to the steel mold II 2 and the demoulding machine for demoulding; and connect the steel mold I 1 to the demoulding machine for demoulding;

[0109] After completion, the cut part of the pressure shell is polished to ensure that the cut end is level, and then bonded to the anti-leakage ring 4 respectively, and the two anti-leakage rings 4 are connected by bolts, and then the sealing reinforcement part II6 is connected to the sealing reinforcement part I5. Figure 19 As shown, the pressure shell is now prepared. Figure 13 shown.

[0110] The pressure hull of the present invention is mainly used in underwater working environments. When the pressure hull is placed underwater, its entire outer surface will be subjected to the pressure of the water. Figure 14 As shown in the figure, the direction indicated by the arrow is the direction of pressure. All parts of the outer surface of the pressure hull are squeezed by water pressure. The cross-sectional structure of the pressure hull is as follows: Figure 15 shown.

[0111] When designing the pressure hull, if only the sealing reinforcement part I5 is used without the sealing reinforcement part II6, the sealing reinforcement part I5 will be at risk of falling off under the action of water pressure. However, when the sealing reinforcement part II6 is added, the area of the circular flat plate 61 can be designed to be large enough as needed, and after being connected to the sealing reinforcement part I5, the edge of the circular flat plate 61 of the sealing reinforcement part II6 can be placed on the pressure hull (such as Figure 18 The position indicated by the red line in the middle) is effectively avoided, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of the sealing reinforcement part Ⅰ5 falling off under the action of water pressure.

[0112] When the cylinder is working, the cylinder is filled with gas, and the gas will exert pressure on the entire inner surface of the cylinder (such as Figure 16 、 Figure 17 In this case, the sealing reinforcement I5 is subjected to an outward force. Because this force is directed outward, even without the sealing reinforcement II6, the sealing reinforcement I5 will be tightened under the pressure, thus ensuring its stability in operation.

[0113] It should be noted that Figure 14-17 It does not represent the actual shape of the gas cylinder and pressure hull, but is only used as an example to illustrate the difference between water pressure and air pressure mentioned above.

[0114] Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations that come within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be encompassed therein, and any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim in question.

[0115] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A pressure hull with a composite material head, characterized by: The cylinder body and the heads at both ends of the pressure-resistant shell are formed as a whole by combining laying and winding of composite materials, a pole hole is left in the middle of the head, and a sealing reinforcement piece I (5) is fixed in the middle of both ends of the pressure-resistant shell. The sealing reinforcement piece I (5) is connected to one end of the sealing reinforcement piece II (6) that penetrates into the pole hole, and the other end of the sealing reinforcement piece II (6) is placed outside the pressure-resistant shell; the middle of the pressure-resistant shell is cut into two sections, and the cut ends of the two sections of the pressure-resistant shell are both bonded and fixed with anti-leakage rings (4), and the two anti-leakage rings (4) are detachably fixedly connected.

2. The pressure hull with composite material head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two anti-leakage rings (4) are both flanges, and the small diameter end of the flange is provided with an annular groove (41) coaxial with the flange; the cut end of each section of the pressure hull is provided in the annular groove (41) of the flange and the two are bonded.

3. The pressure hull with composite material head according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the sealing reinforcement pieces I (5) is composed of a spherical reinforcement plate (51) and an internal threaded sleeve (52), wherein a central hole is provided in the middle of the spherical reinforcement plate (51), the internal threaded sleeve (52) is fixed to the middle of the top of the spherical reinforcement plate (51), and the central inner cavity of the internal threaded sleeve (52) is communicated with the central hole; the sealing reinforcement piece II (6) is composed of a circular flat plate (61) and an external threaded column (62), one end of the external threaded column (62) is fixedly connected to the middle of the circular flat plate (61); the external threaded column (62) of the sealing reinforcement piece II (6) penetrates into the pole hole and is threadedly connected to the internal threaded sleeve (52) of the sealing reinforcement piece I (5).

4. A method for preparing a pressure hull using a composite material head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: Design and assembly of composite pressure shell winding mold; S101: preparing a steel mold; the steel mold includes a steel mold I (1) and a steel mold II (2), first arranging the steel mold I (1) and the steel mold II (2) coaxially and connecting them by screw threads to complete the steel mold assembly, and leaving a space between the steel mold I (1) and the steel mold II (2) for bonding a plurality of foam mold blocks (3); S102: preparing two anti-leakage rings (4), two sealing reinforcement pieces I (5), two sealing reinforcement pieces II (6), a multi-lobe foam mold block (3), and two head foam molds (7), and affixing release cloth on the surface of each lobe foam mold block (3) and the head foam mold (7); S103: Assemble the head foam mold (7), the sealing reinforcement member I (5) and the foam mold block (3); respectively bond the head foam mold (7) to the outer end of the thick cylindrical shaft 1 (11) of the steel mold I (1) and the outer end of the thick cylindrical shaft 2 (21) of the steel mold II (2), then respectively bond the sealing reinforcement member I (5) to the two head foam molds (7), and finally assemble the multi-petal foam mold block (3) by bonding along the circumferential direction in the space left between the thick cylindrical shaft 1 (11) of the steel mold I (1) and the thick cylindrical shaft 2 (21) of the steel mold II (2); S2: The pressure shell is formed using a steel mold; S201: Fix the mold assembled in step S103 on a winding machine, wipe the steel mold with alcohol, and then apply a release agent on the entire mold surface; S202: Use unidirectional prepreg to be hoop-laid on the mold surface with a thickness of 20%-30% of the pressure shell thickness, and then wind the composite material to the designed thickness; S203: placing the pressure-resistant shell wrapped with the composite material together with the mold into a curing furnace for curing; S204: After the curing is completed, the pressure shell and the mold are taken out, and the pressure shell is cut in the middle of the assembled multi-petal foam mold block (3) of the pressure shell to cut the pressure shell into two sections. Then, all the foam mold blocks (3) on the mold are cleaned, and finally the steel mold I (1) and the steel mold II (2) are separated; S205: using a demoulding machine to remove the steel mold I (1) and the steel mold II (2) respectively; S206: The head foam molds (7) in the two sections of the pressure shell that have been demoulded are cleaned and the cut ends of the two sections of the pressure shell are polished and smoothed; S207: The two anti-leakage rings (4) are respectively bonded to the cut ends of the two sections of the pressure hull, and then the two anti-leakage rings (4) are connected with bolts. Finally, the sealing reinforcement II (6) is connected to the sealing reinforcement I (5), and the pressure hull preparation is completed.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S101, the steel mold I (1) is composed of a thin round shaft (12) and a thin round shaft (13) which are coaxial and made into one piece, and a thick cylindrical shaft (11) located between the two, and a section of external thread is processed on the side wall of the outer end of the thin round shaft (13); the steel mold II (2) is composed of a thin round shaft (22) and a thick cylindrical shaft (21) which are coaxial and made into one piece, and a threaded hole is processed in the middle of the outer end of the thick cylindrical shaft (21), and the diameter and length of the thick cylindrical shaft (11) and the thick cylindrical shaft (21) are the same; the thin round shaft (13) of the steel mold I (1) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the thick cylindrical shaft (21) of the steel mold II (2).

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S102, the two anti-leakage rings (4) are both flanges, and the small-diameter end of the flange is provided with an annular groove (41) coaxial with the flange; the cut end of each section of the pressure-resistant shell is arranged in the annular groove (41) of the flange and the two are bonded; Each of the sealing reinforcement pieces I (5) is composed of a spherical reinforcement plate (51) and an internal threaded sleeve (52), a central hole is provided in the middle of the spherical reinforcement plate (51), the internal threaded sleeve (52) is fixed to the middle of the top of the spherical reinforcement plate (51), and the central inner cavity of the internal threaded sleeve (52) is communicated with the central hole; the sealing reinforcement piece II (6) is composed of a circular flat plate (61) and an external threaded column (62), one end of the external threaded column (62) is fixedly connected to the middle of the circular flat plate (61); the external threaded column (62) of the sealing reinforcement piece II (6) penetrates into the pole hole and is threadedly connected to the internal threaded sleeve (52) of the sealing reinforcement piece I (5); the plurality of foam mold blocks (3) are all arc-shaped; The head sealing foam mold (7) is a spherical panel, and a plane is processed on the top of the spherical panel, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the spherical panel; the through hole of one of the head sealing foam molds (7) is mounted on the thin round shaft 1 (12) of the steel mold I (1), and the through hole of the other head sealing foam mold (7) is mounted on the thin round shaft 3 (22) of the steel mold II (2).

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S103, the space left between the thick cylindrical shaft 1 (11) of the steel mold I (1) and the thick cylindrical shaft 2 (21) of the steel mold II (2) is circumferentially bonded to assemble the multi-lobed foam mold block (3); that is, the section of the thin cylindrical shaft 2 (13) of the steel mold I (1) on which the thread is not machined is bonded to assemble the multi-lobed foam mold block (3) along the circumferential direction.

8. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S203, the curing is divided into the following three stages: the first stage: heating to 90°C, heating rate 1°C / min; the second stage: keeping at 90°C for 2 hours; the third stage: heating to 145°C, heating rate 1°C / min; the fourth stage: keeping at 145°C for 2.5 hours.

9. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S205, the steel mold I (1) and the steel mold II (2) are removed respectively by using a demoulding machine, specifically: A section of the pressure-resistant shell corresponding to the steel mold II (2) is clamped and fixed on the chuck of the demoulding machine, one end of the connecting shaft (8) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the steel mold II (2), and the other end is connected to the demoulding machine for traction, thereby removing the steel mold II (2); a section of the pressure-resistant shell corresponding to the steel mold I (1) is clamped and fixed on the chuck of the demoulding machine, and the thin round shaft II (13) of the steel mold I (1) is connected to the demoulding machine for traction, thereby removing the steel mold I (1).

10. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S207, the sealing reinforcement member II (6) is connected to the sealing reinforcement member I (5), specifically, the external threaded column (62) of the sealing reinforcement member II (6) is inserted into the pole hole and threadedly connected to the internal threaded sleeve (52) of the sealing reinforcement member I (5).

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