Spiral vacuumizing extruder

Abstract

The invention discloses a spiral vacuum-pumping extruder which comprises an extrusion structure, a heating structure and a vacuum-pumping structure, the extrusion structure comprises a charging barrel and an extrusion spiral, the charging barrel is provided with an extrusion cavity, a feeding port and an extrusion port, the feeding port and the extrusion port are communicated with the extrusion cavity, and the extrusion spiral is arranged in the extrusion cavity. The extrusion cavity is used for pushing and extruding materials in the extrusion cavity from the feeding hole to the extrusion hole; the heating structure is arranged on the charging barrel and is used for heating and melting materials in the extrusion cavity; the vacuumizing structure is connected with the extrusion cavity and is used for providing a vacuumizing environment for the extrusion cavity; the device integrates drying and extrusion functions, has the advantages of compact structure, high production efficiency, low energy consumption, low production cost and the like, and solves the problems of large occupied area, high energy consumption, low production efficiency and the like of polyester fiber treatment equipment in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fiber preparation, in particular to a spiral vacuum extruder. Background Art

[0002] Polyester fiber, also known as polyester fiber, is a widely used synthetic fiber. It is primarily made from polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a polymer produced through the polycondensation of terephthalic acid (PTA) and ethylene glycol (EG). Polyester fiber has many advantages. First, it exhibits excellent wrinkle resistance and shape retention, making clothing less prone to wrinkling during wear and maintaining its original shape. Second, polyester fiber possesses high strength and elastic recovery, making the resulting fabric durable and sturdy while quickly returning to its original shape. Furthermore, polyester fiber is abrasion-resistant and lint-resistant, making the fabric appear neater. Overall, polyester fiber is a highly practical synthetic fiber, widely used in textile and apparel manufacturing, bringing a great deal of convenience and comfort to our daily lives.

[0003] Publication number CN103305960B provides a method for producing polyester staple fibers from recycled polyester bottles. The recycled discarded polyester bottles are crushed, cleaned, batched, melt-extruded, spinneret-extruded, drawn, dried, shaped, and cut to produce polyester staple fibers. The specific steps are as follows: the resulting, sorted bottle flakes are placed proportionally into a steam drying drum. They are dried at 145°C to 150°C for 9-11 hours for pre-crystallization and moisture extraction. Brightening powder, titanium dioxide, and blue powder are added and stirred for 0.5-2.5 hours, respectively. The raw materials are then transferred to a screw extruder for melt extrusion. The process utilizes a vacuum drum machine and a screw extruder. The vacuum drum machine primarily dries the polyester fibers, accelerating moisture evaporation through a vacuum environment for rapid drying. The screw extruder extrudes the dried polyester fibers into the desired shape and size.

[0004] As can be seen, in the prior art, polyester fiber drying and extrusion are handled by two separate devices: a vacuum drum machine and a screw extruder. These two devices complete the polyester fiber drying and extrusion processes respectively. However, this existing processing method has disadvantages such as large equipment footprint, high energy consumption, and low production efficiency. In addition, the connection between the devices requires manual operation, which increases production costs and poses safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a spiral vacuum extruder to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, such as large equipment footprint, high energy consumption, low production efficiency, and the need for manual operation to connect the equipment, which increases production costs and safety hazards.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a spiral vacuum extruder, comprising: an extrusion structure, a heating structure and a vacuum structure, the extrusion structure comprising a barrel and an extrusion screw, the barrel being provided with an extrusion cavity and a feed port and an extrusion port connected to the extrusion cavity, the extrusion screw being arranged inside the extrusion cavity and being used to push the material in the extrusion cavity from the feed port to the extrusion port for extrusion; the heating structure being arranged on the barrel and being used to heat and melt the material in the extrusion cavity; the vacuum structure being connected to the extrusion cavity and being used to provide a vacuum environment for the extrusion cavity.

[0007] In some embodiments, a plurality of dehumidification holes are provided on the outside of the barrel, and the plurality of dehumidification holes are connected to the extrusion chamber; the vacuum structure includes a connecting piece and a vacuum generator, the air outlet end of the connecting piece is connected to the vacuum generator, and the air inlet end of the connecting piece can be selectively connected to the dehumidification holes.

[0008] In some embodiments, the connecting member includes an outer cylinder, a piston and a displacement driving member. The outer cylinder is fixedly arranged on the outside of the extrusion structure and corresponds to several of the dehumidification holes. The piston is movably arranged in the outer cylinder, and one side of the piston forms a vacuum chamber with the interior of the outer cylinder. The vacuum generator is connected to the vacuum chamber through the piston. The displacement driving member is connected to the piston and the outer cylinder, and is used to drive the piston to move in the outer cylinder.

[0009] In some embodiments, two of the pistons and displacement drivers are provided, and the two displacement drivers are respectively connected to the two pistons, so that the two pistons can move independently within the outer cylinder to adjust the position and coverage range of the vacuum chamber.

[0010] In some embodiments, a preheating section, a melting section and an extrusion section are formed in sequence in the extrusion cavity from the feed port to the extrusion port, and several of the dehumidification holes are arranged to communicate with the preheating section and the melting section; the two pistons are respectively located on the outside of the preheating section and the melting section.

[0011] In some embodiments, in the melting section, the diameter of the rod portion of the extrusion screw gradually increases along the extrusion direction of the material.

[0012] In some embodiments, the extrusion structure further includes a rotation driving member, which is connected to the extrusion screw and is used to drive the extrusion screw to rotate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the heating structure includes a plurality of heating elements, which are arranged in sequence along the extrusion direction of the material and are embedded and fitted with the extrusion structure, and the plurality of heating elements are distributed at intervals.

[0014] In some embodiments, the spiral vacuum extruder also includes a filtering structure and an anti-blocking structure. The filtering structure is fixedly arranged inside the extrusion cavity and covers the cross-sectional area of the extrusion cavity, and is used to filter material particles in the spiral vacuum extruder; the anti-blocking structure is located on the side of the filtering structure close to the feed port, and has a stirring end that fits into the filtering structure. The stirring end is fixedly connected to the rod part of the extrusion screw and can rotate with the extrusion screw to stir the blocked material on the filtering structure.

[0015] In some embodiments, the filtering structure includes a filter screen, which is arranged in a ring shape and fixed in the extrusion cavity, and its inner side is in contact with the outer side of the rod body of the extrusion spiral; the anti-blocking structure includes a plurality of scrapers, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the extrusion spiral, and one end of each scraper is fixedly connected to the rod body of the extrusion spiral, and the other end extends to the outside of the filter screen and deflects in a ring shape along its rotation direction.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the spiral vacuum extruder provided by the present invention, by providing an extrusion structure, a heating structure, and a vacuum structure, realizes the pushing and extrusion functions of the material in the extrusion structure. The close cooperation between the heating structure and the extrusion chamber ensures that heat can be evenly transferred to the material, avoiding the problem of uneven heating caused by material accumulation. Under the action of the heating structure, the material in the extrusion chamber can be evenly heated to a molten state, which can improve the uniformity and quality stability of the product. In conjunction with the setting of the vacuum structure, the vacuum structure can effectively extract moisture from the material and impurities that can be vaporized during the processing. At the same time, the negative pressure environment promotes the rapid evaporation of moisture inside the material, thereby improving the drying efficiency and extrusion quality of the polyester fiber.

[0017] The spiral vacuum extruder of the present invention solves the problems of large floor space occupation, high energy consumption and low production efficiency of polyester fiber processing equipment in the prior art by integrating drying and extrusion functions. It not only optimizes the production process of polyester fiber, but also significantly reduces energy consumption and production costs, providing a more efficient and environmentally friendly solution for the industrial production of polyester fiber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front cross-sectional structure of a spiral vacuum extruder provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2Schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the extrusion structure, heating structure and vacuum structure of the spiral vacuum extruder provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the spiral vacuum extruder provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the extrusion structure and internal installation structure of the spiral vacuum extruder provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the outer cylinder and piston of the spiral vacuum extruder provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the outer barrel of the spiral vacuum extruder provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vacuum pumping structure of a spiral vacuum extruder provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the filter screen and scraper of the spiral vacuum extruder provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mixing bin and mixing drive component of the spiral vacuum extruder provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the mixing bin and mixing drive component of the spiral vacuum extruder provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Description of reference numerals: 1. Extrusion structure; 101. Feed inlet; 102. Extrusion outlet; 103. Dehumidification hole; 11. Extrusion chamber; 111. Preheating section; 112. Melting section; 113. Extrusion section; 12. Extrusion screw; 13. Rotary drive element; 131. Motor; 132. Belt drive mechanism; 14. Barrel; 141. First extrusion barrel; 142. Second extrusion barrel; 15. Frame; 2. Heating structure; 21. Heating element; 3. Vacuuming structure; 31. Outer cylinder; 311. First cylinder; 312. Second cylinder; 32. Piston; 33. Displacement drive element; 34. Vacuum generator; 341. Vacuum pump; 342. Connecting pipe; 343. Pipe joint; 4. Filter structure; 41. Filter screen; 5. Anti-blocking structure; 51. Scraper; 6. Feeding mechanism; 61. Raw material bin; 611. Control valve; 62. Mixing bin; 63. Mixing drive; 631. Rotating stirring rod; 632. Motor; 633. Transmission device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] In order to solve the shortcomings of large equipment footprint, high energy consumption, low production efficiency, etc., and the connection between equipment requires manual operation, which increases production costs and safety hazards. The present invention provides a spiral vacuum extruder that integrates drying and extrusion functions in one, has the advantages of compact structure, high production efficiency, low energy consumption, low production cost, etc., and solves the problems of large equipment footprint, high energy consumption, low production efficiency, etc. in the prior art polyester fiber processing equipment.

[0022] It should be noted that the spiral vacuum extruder described in the present invention is used for but not limited to the preparation of polyester fibers, etc. For the sake of convenience, in the present invention, only the application of the spiral vacuum extruder to the preparation of polyester fibers is used as an example for explanation. The principle of applying the spiral vacuum extruder to the preparation of other types of fibers is essentially the same as that applied to the preparation of polyester fibers, and will not be repeated here.

[0023] See also Figures 1 to 4 The spiral vacuum extruder includes: an extrusion structure 1, a heating structure 2 and a vacuum structure 3. The extrusion structure 1 includes an extrusion screw 12 and a barrel 14. The barrel 14 is provided with an extrusion cavity 11 and a feed port 101 and an extrusion port 102 connected to the extrusion cavity 11. The extrusion screw 12 is arranged inside the extrusion cavity 11, and is used to push the material in the extrusion cavity 11 from the feed port 101 to the extrusion port 102 for extrusion; the heating structure 2 is arranged in the barrel 14, and is used to heat and melt the material in the extrusion cavity 11; the vacuum structure 3 is connected to the extrusion cavity 11, and is used to provide a vacuum environment for the extrusion cavity 11.

[0024] In this device, the extruder's extrusion mechanism 1 is responsible for pushing and extruding the material, the heating mechanism 2 heats and melts the material, and the vacuum mechanism 3 extracts moisture from the extrusion chamber 11 during the extrusion process, creating a negative pressure environment within the extrusion chamber 11, which helps accelerate the drying and extrusion of the material. By integrating drying and extrusion functions, this spiral vacuum extruder has the advantages of a compact structure, high production efficiency, low energy consumption, and low production costs. It solves the problems of existing polyester fiber processing equipment such as large floor space requirements, high energy consumption, and low production efficiency.

[0025] In order to achieve the transportation and extrusion of raw materials, preferably, in this embodiment, the extrusion structure 1 also includes a rotary driving member 13, and the extrusion screw 12 is horizontally arranged in the barrel 14. The rotary driving member 13 is arranged at one end of the barrel 14 and is connected to the extrusion screw 12, and is used to drive the extrusion screw 12 to rotate so as to push the material from the feed port 101 to the extrusion port 102.

[0026] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 The rotating drive member 13 includes a motor 131 and a belt transmission mechanism 132. The belt transmission mechanism 132 consists of a conveyor belt and two pulleys. The motor 131 is mounted on the frame 15 of the barrel 14. The two pulleys are respectively mounted on the rotating shafts of the motor 131 and one end of the extrusion screw 12, and are arranged in parallel. The conveyor belt is sleeved between the two pulleys. The output shaft of the motor 131 drives the extrusion screw 12 to rotate through the belt transmission mechanism 132. When the motor 131 is started, it will drive one pulley to rotate. This pulley transmits the rotational power to the other pulley through the conveyor belt, thereby driving the extrusion screw 12 to rotate in the barrel 14. The rotation of the extrusion screw 12 will push the material from the feed port 101 to the extrusion port 102, and stir and compress the material during the pushing process to achieve continuous extrusion of the material. Of course, in other possible embodiments, the rotating drive member 13 can also adopt other forms, such as a gear transmission mechanism or a chain transmission mechanism.

[0027] Please note that Figures 1 to 4 Under the action of the heating structure 2, the extrusion cavity 11 can sequentially form a preheating section 111, a melting section 112, and an extrusion section 113 from the feed port 101 to the extrusion port 102. Among them, the preheating section 111 is mainly used to preliminarily heat the material entering the extrusion cavity 11, causing it to gradually soften and prepare for the subsequent processing in the melting section 112. The melting section 112 is the key area for heating the material to a molten state. Through the precise control of the heating structure 2, the material is ensured to be evenly heated in this area to achieve the ideal melting effect. The extrusion section 113 is the area where the molten material is extruded and formed. At this stage, the extrusion screw 12 can smoothly and continuously push the molten material to the extrusion port 102 to form the desired extruded product.

[0028] In the preheating section 111, the extrusion screw 12 is designed with a larger pitch to facilitate the smooth entry of the material into the extruder and provide sufficient forward thrust. The larger pitch helps to reduce the friction between the material and the screw and prevent the material from accumulating at the entrance. In the melting section 112, the diameter of the rod portion of the extrusion screw 12 gradually increases along the extrusion direction of the material, which can increase the compression ratio of the material in this area, help the plasticization and melting of the material, and at the same time, make the pushing force of the extrusion screw 12 in the melting section 112 gradually increase, which can better adapt to the pressure changes of the molten material during the extrusion process, and ensure that the material is stably and continuously pushed to the extrusion section 113. At the same time, the gradually increasing rod diameter can also increase the contact area between the heating structure 2 and the molten material, improve the heat transfer efficiency, and further promote the melting and extrusion of the material. In the extrusion section 113, the pitch of the extrusion screw 12 is reduced and an equidistant design is adopted. The smaller pitch helps to accurately control the output of the material and ensure the consistency and stability of the product size. At the same time, the diameter of the rod part of the extrusion screw 12 remains consistent to ensure that the material is subjected to uniform pressure distribution, thereby obtaining consistent product quality, and further realizing the push out of the melted and mixed material at a stable rate for preparation for molding.

[0029] Furthermore, in the melting section 112 , the pitch of the extrusion screw 12 may also be specially designed, for example, gradually reduced, to increase the shear force and mixing effect of the material in the melting section 112 , which helps the material to be heated and melted more evenly.

[0030] To achieve uniform heating of the raw materials, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the heating structure 2 includes a plurality of heating elements 21, which are arranged in sequence along the extrusion direction of the material and are sleeved on the outer side of the barrel 14. Heat can be transferred through the barrel 14 to heat the material in the extrusion cavity 11 in sections. Each heating element 21 can be independently controlled. During operation, the heating temperature and heating time can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the material and process requirements to achieve precise heating of the material, ensure that the material is heated evenly during the extrusion process, and avoid local overheating or insufficient heating.

[0031] Furthermore, the extrusion equipment also includes a temperature control system connected to each heating element 21 of the heating structure 2 for precise control of the heating temperature. This temperature control system monitors the temperature within the extrusion chamber 11 in real time via built-in sensors and automatically adjusts the heating power of the heating elements 21 based on preset process parameters to maintain a stable temperature within the extrusion chamber 11. Furthermore, the temperature control system also presets different heating programs based on production requirements to accommodate the heating needs of different types of materials, thereby achieving automation and intelligentization of the production process.

[0032] Preferably, in this embodiment, the heating element 21 is a ceramic fiber heating coil, a cast aluminum heating coil, a mica heating coil, or a stainless steel heating coil, wherein the ceramic fiber heating coil uses ceramic fiber as a thermal insulation material and has a built-in resistance wire. The cast aluminum heating coil is made by casting a resistance wire into an aluminum alloy. The mica heating coil uses a resistance wire inside and is covered with a mica sheet on the outside. The stainless steel heating coil has a stainless steel outer shell and a resistance wire inside. The heating elements 21 all adopt an annular jacket structure that can be wrapped around the outside of the barrel 14 to provide heat.

[0033] To improve drying and extrusion results, see Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some possible embodiments, a plurality of dehumidification holes 103 are provided on the outside of the barrel 14. The dehumidification holes 103 serve as connecting channels between the vacuum pumping structure 3 and the extrusion chamber 11, and are used to extract moisture from the extrusion chamber 11. The dehumidification holes 103 are evenly arranged along the length of the extrusion chamber 11. Furthermore, the vacuum pumping structure 3 includes a connector and a vacuum generator 34. The connector is connected to the vacuum generator 34, forming a vacuum chamber therein for receiving moisture extracted by the dehumidification holes 103. The negative pressure generated by the vacuum generator 34 draws the moisture into the vacuum chamber and then discharges it out of the device, thereby maintaining a dry state within the extrusion chamber 11. The outlet end of the connector is connected to the vacuum generator 34, and the inlet end of the connector can selectively communicate with the dehumidification holes 103, allowing the vacuum chamber to move outside the barrel 14 so as to communicate with a specific position within the extrusion chamber 11 through the corresponding dehumidification holes 103. During the extrusion process, the position of the vacuum chamber can be adjusted as needed to connect different dehumidification holes 103 to corresponding positions in the extrusion chamber 11, thereby more accurately controlling the negative pressure environment in the extrusion chamber 11 and the extrusion state of the material. This design not only improves extrusion efficiency but also further enhances product quality.

[0034] Preferably, see Figures 4 to 7In this embodiment, the connecting member includes an outer cylinder 31, a piston 32, and a displacement driver 33. The outer cylinder 31 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the extrusion structure 1 and corresponds to a plurality of the dehumidification holes 103. The plurality of the dehumidification holes 103 are arranged to communicate with the vacuum chamber ring and the preheating section 111, and with the melting section 112. Two pistons 32 and two displacement drivers 33 are provided, each slidably mounted within the outer cylinder 31 so that the two pistons 32 are located outside the preheating section 111 and the melting section 112, respectively. The two pistons 32 and the interior of the outer cylinder 31 together constitute the vacuum chamber. The vacuum generator 34 is a vacuum pump 341, which is mounted on one of the pistons 32 via a connecting pipe 342 and a pipe joint 343, and communicates with the vacuum chamber through the piston 32. The two displacement driving members 33 are respectively connected to the outer cylinder and the two pistons 32 , so that the two pistons 32 can move independently in the outer cylinder 31 to adjust the position and coverage of the vacuum chamber.

[0035] During use, by controlling the two displacement drive members 33 to drive the two pistons 32 to move in the outer cylinder 31 respectively, the coverage of the vacuum chamber on the outside of the extrusion structure 1 can be flexibly adjusted, thereby achieving vacuum treatment at different positions in the extrusion chamber 11. By moving the vacuum chamber, the different material states before and after melting can be optimized, the removal effect of moisture and impurities can be improved, and the problem of uneven vacuum degree that may occur when using a vacuum screw extruder for vacuuming is effectively avoided. In addition, dehumidification holes 103 are set in the preheating section 111 and the melting section 112, and are equipped with corresponding vacuuming structures 3, so that vacuum treatment can be performed according to the material characteristics at different stages. Since the material in the preheating section 111 is still in the softening stage, the main purpose of vacuuming is to remove moisture and gas from the material and improve the melting efficiency and quality. Implementing vacuum treatment in the melting section 112 can more effectively remove bubbles and volatile components generated by the material during the melting process, thereby improving the density and surface quality of the extruded product.

[0036] In this embodiment, preferably, the vacuum degree in the extrusion cavity 11 should be less than 0.1 MPa to ensure the formation of a sufficient negative pressure environment, thereby promoting the rapid discharge of moisture in the material.

[0037] In some possible embodiments, the displacement drive member 33 is an electric push rod or a pneumatic cylinder, which is installed on both sides of the outer cylinder 31. The end of the displacement drive member 33 near the center of the outer cylinder 31 is a telescopic shaft, which is connected to the corresponding piston 32 to drive the piston 32 to move within the outer cylinder 31. In addition, a sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the piston 32 at the position where it contacts the barrel 14 and the outer cylinder 31 to prevent air leakage during the vacuum process and ensure a stable negative pressure environment in the vacuum chamber.

[0038] Furthermore, the vacuum pumping structure 3 includes a moisture treatment box connected to the exhaust port of the vacuum pump 341 to receive and process the moisture exhausted from the vacuum chamber. The moisture treatment box contains a condenser and a dryer. The condenser condenses the water vapor in the exhausted moisture into liquid water, while the dryer further absorbs the remaining moisture and impurities, ensuring that the exhausted gas is dry and pollution-free.

[0039] In this device, multiple heating elements 21 are embedded and fitted with the barrel 14 of the extrusion structure 1. Their outer surfaces maintain a smooth transition with the outer surface of the barrel 14, reducing the resistance of the material during the extrusion process and ensuring that the piston 32 can move smoothly and stably outside the barrel 14 and the heating elements 21. The multiple heating elements 21 are distributed at intervals, and the gaps therein allow the dehumidification holes 103 and related components of the vacuum structure 3 to pass through, thereby ensuring the heating effect without hindering the vacuum operation. In addition, the spaced distribution design of the multiple heating elements 21 also facilitates the zoned heating control of the preheating section 111, the melting section 112, and the extrusion section 113, so as to more accurately meet the heating requirements of different materials at different extrusion stages.

[0040] It should be noted that during the production of polyester fibers using this device, a vacuum operation is performed in the melting section 112. Since the positions of the two pistons 32 can be adjusted independently, the two pistons 32 can be adjusted to the two ends of the melting section 112, respectively, so that the vacuum chamber covers the entire melting section 112, thereby ensuring that the material in this area is subjected to uniform negative pressure during the melting process. Of course, when used in the production of other products, the position of the pistons 32 can be adjusted in the feeding section and the melting section to adapt to the characteristics and process requirements of different materials. For example, when processing materials with higher viscosity, the coverage of the vacuum chamber can be appropriately narrowed to reduce the residence time of the material in the vacuum chamber and avoid excessive shearing and heat loss. When processing materials with lower viscosity, the coverage of the vacuum chamber can be expanded to improve vacuuming efficiency and material uniformity.

[0041] In order to avoid the raw material particles entering the melting section 112 being too large, which may affect the melting effect and the quality of the extruded product, please refer to Figure 4 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9In this embodiment, a filtering structure 4 and an anti-blocking structure 5 are provided between the melting section 112 and the preheating section 111. The filtering structure 4 covers the cross-sectional area of the extrusion cavity 11 and is used to filter the material entering the melting section 112, preventing large particles from entering the melting section 112 and affecting the melting effect and the quality of the extruded product. The anti-blocking structure 5 is provided upstream of the filtering structure 4, on the side of the filtering structure 4 close to the feed port 101. The anti-blocking structure 5 has a stirring end that fits the filtering structure 4. The stirring end is fixedly connected to the rod portion of the extrusion screw 12. When the extrusion screw 12 rotates to push the material, the stirring end rotates accordingly, stirring the material filtered on the filtering structure 4, effectively preventing the material from being blocked at the filtering structure 4, and ensuring that the material can smoothly pass through the filtering structure 4 into the melting section 112.

[0042] In one embodiment, the filtering structure 4 includes a filter screen 41. The filter screen 41 is annularly arranged, with its inner side contacting the outer side of the rod portion of the extrusion screw 12 and its outer side fixedly connected to the inner wall of the barrel 14. The filter screen 41 is vertically fixed inside the barrel 14, thereby dividing the extrusion chamber 11 into a preheating section 111 and a melting section 112, achieving segmented material processing. The filter screen 41 can effectively prevent large particles from entering the melting section 112 while ensuring smooth passage of the material.

[0043] Preferably, in this embodiment, the filter screen 41 is made of a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant material, such as a metal mesh, a ceramic sieve plate, etc., to ensure stability and durability in a long-term high-temperature working environment.

[0044] In one embodiment, the anti-blocking structure 5 includes a plurality of scrapers 51, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the extrusion screw 12. The scrapers 51 are designed in an arc-shaped structure, with one end of each scraper 51 fixedly connected to the rod portion of the extrusion screw 12 and the other end extending outward from the filter screen 41 and deflecting in a circular shape along the direction of its rotation. This allows the multiple scrapers 51 to rotate with the extrusion screw 12 during operation, stirring and scraping off clogging materials on the filter screen 41, effectively preventing clogging of the filter screen 41. Furthermore, one end of the scraper 51 is annularly deflected along its rotational direction, and a gap is reserved between its outer end and the inner wall of the barrel 14. This allows the convex curved surface of the scraper 51 to push the filtered material outward, bringing the filtered coarser material closer to the inner wall of the barrel 14. Because the heating element 21 is mounted on the outside of the barrel 14 and the position of the filter 41 corresponds to one of the heating elements 21, the heat generated by the heating element 21 can be transferred through the barrel 14 to the outside of the scraper 51, further promoting the softening and melting of the large particles. After softening and melting to a certain degree, the material can pass through the filter 41 and continue to participate in the melt extrusion process in the melting section 112. This design helps reduce the risk of filter 41 clogging and reduces the frequency of maintenance and replacement of the filter 41, thereby extending its service life.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the filter 41, in one possible embodiment, the outer cylinder 31 and the barrel 14 can be divided into two parts, the outer cylinder 31 includes a first cylinder 311 and a second cylinder 312, the barrel 14 includes a first extrusion barrel 141 and a second extrusion barrel 142, and the filter 41 is arranged at the connection between the first extrusion barrel 141 and the second extrusion barrel 142, and the connection between the first cylinder 311 and the second cylinder 312 corresponds to the connection between the first extrusion barrel 141 and the second extrusion barrel 142, wherein the first cylinder 311 and the second cylinder 312 and the first extrusion barrel 141 and the second extrusion barrel 142 are detachably connected, so that they can be easily opened or closed to facilitate maintenance and replacement of the filter 41. When it is necessary to clean or replace the filter 41, it is only necessary to separate the first cylinder 311 and the second cylinder 312 and the first extrusion barrel 141 and the second extrusion barrel 142 to expose the filter 41, which is convenient for the operator to clean or replace. Specifically, bolt connection, snap connection or other quick disassembly structure can be adopted between the first cylinder 311 and the second cylinder 312, and the first extrusion cylinder 141 and the second extrusion cylinder 142. In addition, sealing structures such as sealing rings are provided between the first cylinder 311 and the second cylinder 312, and the first extrusion cylinder 141 and the second extrusion cylinder 142 to ensure the sealing of the extrusion chamber 11 and the vacuum chamber and prevent leakage of materials and the vacuum chamber.

[0046] To facilitate adding materials to the extrusion structure 1, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 This embodiment also provides a feeding mechanism 6, which includes multiple raw material bins 61, a mixing bin 62, and a mixing drive 63. The multiple raw material bins 61 are used to store different raw materials, respectively. The lower end of each raw material bin 61 is connected to the mixing bin 62. The mixing drive 63 is disposed within the mixing bin 62 and is used to evenly mix the raw materials within the multiple raw material bins 61. Different types of raw materials are stored in corresponding raw material bins 61. During batching, the valve between the raw material bin 61 and the mixing bin 62 is opened to release the raw materials from the raw material bins 61 into the mixing bin 62. The mixing drive 63 is then activated, and the mixing drive 63 drives the materials within the mixing bin 62 to mix until the desired mixing ratio and uniformity are achieved. The mixed materials then enter the extrusion structure 1 through the lower outlet of the mixing bin 62 for subsequent extrusion processing.

[0047] Preferably, in this embodiment, three raw material bins 61 are provided, one for storing polyester and the other two auxiliary materials. The lower ends of the three raw material bins 61 are connected to the mixing bin 62, and each connection is provided with a control valve 611 for controlling the amount and timing of raw material addition. The mixing drive 63 includes two rotating stirring rods 631, a motor 632, and a transmission device 633. The two are arranged side by side in the middle of the mixing bin 62. The rotating stirring rods 631 are connected to the motor 632 via the transmission device 633 and are driven to rotate by the motor 632. When the rotating stirring rods 631 rotate in the mixing bin 62, they can fully stir and mix the materials, ensuring that the different raw materials are evenly mixed to achieve the desired ratio and uniformity.

[0048] In order to better understand the present invention, the following Figures 1 to 11The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail: During operation, materials are added to the raw material bin 61. By controlling the control valve 611 between the raw material bin 61 and the mixing bin 62, the required materials are added to the mixing bin 62 in a predetermined proportion. Subsequently, the motor 632 is started, which drives the two rotating stirring rods 631 within the mixing bin 62 via a transmission 633, thereby thoroughly stirring and mixing the materials. The uniformly mixed materials enter the extrusion structure 1 through the lower outlet of the mixing bin 62. They first enter the preheating section 111, where they are initially heated and begin to soften. Subsequently, the materials enter the melting section 112, where the heating elements 21 further heat the materials, ensuring a more uniform heating and melting. In the preheating and melting sections 111 and 112, the vacuuming structure 3 extracts moisture from the extrusion chamber 11 through the dehumidification holes 103, maintaining a dry state within the extrusion chamber 11 and further improving extrusion efficiency and product quality. Finally, the melted material enters the extrusion section 113 under the push of the extrusion screw 12, and undergoes subsequent processing such as extrusion, cooling and shaping to obtain the desired extruded product.

[0049] The present invention provides an extrusion structure 1, a heating structure 2, and a vacuum structure 3. The extrusion structure 1 achieves the functions of pushing and extruding the material. The close cooperation between the heating structure 2 and the extrusion chamber 11 ensures that heat is evenly transferred to the material, avoiding the problem of uneven heating caused by material accumulation. Under the action of the heating structure 2, the material in the extrusion chamber 11 can be evenly heated to a molten state, which can improve the uniformity and quality stability of the product. In conjunction with the provision of the vacuum structure 3, the vacuum structure 3 can effectively remove moisture from the material and impurities that can be vaporized during processing. At the same time, the negative pressure environment promotes the rapid evaporation of moisture within the material, thereby improving the drying efficiency and extrusion quality of the polyester fiber.

[0050] In addition, the present invention also provides multiple dehumidification holes 103 and a movable vacuum chamber, so that the vacuum chamber can be connected to the corresponding position in the extrusion chamber 11 through the corresponding dehumidification holes 103, thereby achieving targeted vacuum treatment of materials at different positions in the extrusion chamber 11. At the same time, by adjusting the position and coverage of the piston 32, the range and intensity of the vacuum can be further controlled to meet the requirements of different materials and processes.

[0051] The spiral vacuum extruder of the present invention solves the problems of large floor space occupation, high energy consumption and low production efficiency of polyester fiber processing equipment in the prior art by integrating drying and extrusion functions. It not only optimizes the production process of polyester fiber, but also significantly reduces energy consumption and production costs, providing a more efficient and environmentally friendly solution for the industrial production of polyester fiber.

[0052] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0054] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spiral vacuum extruder, characterized in that: include: The extrusion structure includes a barrel and an extrusion screw. The barrel is provided with an extrusion cavity and a feed port and an extrusion port connected to the extrusion cavity. The extrusion screw is arranged inside the extrusion cavity and is used to push the material in the extrusion cavity from the feed port to the extrusion port for extrusion; a heating structure, which is provided in the barrel and is used to heat and melt the material in the extrusion cavity; and A vacuum pumping structure is connected to the extrusion cavity and is used to provide a vacuum environment for the extrusion cavity.

2. The screw vacuum extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of dehumidification holes are provided on the outer side of the barrel, and the plurality of dehumidification holes are connected to the extrusion cavity; The vacuuming structure includes a connecting piece and a vacuum generator. The air outlet end of the connecting piece is connected to the vacuum generator, and the air inlet end of the connecting piece can be selectively connected to the dehumidification hole.

3. The screw vacuum extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that The connecting member includes an outer cylinder, a piston and a displacement driving member. The outer cylinder is fixedly arranged on the outside of the extrusion structure and corresponds to several of the dehumidification holes. The piston is movably arranged in the outer cylinder, and one side of the piston forms a vacuum chamber with the interior of the outer cylinder. The vacuum generator is connected to the vacuum chamber through the piston. The displacement driving member is connected to the piston and the outer cylinder, and is used to drive the piston to move in the outer cylinder.

4. The screw vacuum extruder according to claim 3, characterized in that There are two pistons and two displacement driving members, and the two displacement driving members are respectively connected to the two pistons, so that the two pistons can move independently in the outer cylinder to adjust the position and coverage of the vacuum chamber.

5. The screw vacuum extruder according to claim 4, characterized in that The extrusion cavity is formed with a preheating section, a melting section and an extrusion section in sequence from the feed port to the extrusion port, and a plurality of the moisture extraction holes are arranged to communicate with the preheating section and the melting section; The two pistons are respectively located outside the preheating section and the melting section.

6. The screw vacuum extruder according to claim 5, characterized in that In the melting section, the diameter of the rod portion of the extrusion screw gradually increases along the extrusion direction of the material.

7. The screw vacuum extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that The extrusion structure further includes a rotation driving member, which is connected to the extrusion screw and is used to drive the extrusion screw to rotate.

8. The screw vacuum extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that The heating structure includes a plurality of heating elements, which are arranged in sequence along the extrusion direction of the material and are embedded and sleeved with the extrusion structure, and the plurality of heating elements are distributed at intervals.

9. The screw vacuum extruder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spiral vacuum extruder further includes a filtering structure and an anti-blocking structure. The filtering structure is fixedly arranged inside the extrusion cavity and covers the cross-sectional area of the extrusion cavity, and is used to filter material particles in the spiral vacuum extruder. The anti-blocking structure is located on a side of the filtering structure close to the feed port and has a stirring end that fits the filtering structure. The stirring end is fixedly connected to the rod portion of the extrusion screw and can rotate with the extrusion screw to stir the blocked material on the filtering structure.

10. The screw vacuum extruder according to claim 9, characterized in that: The filtering structure includes a filter screen, which is arranged in an annular shape and fixed in the extrusion cavity, with the inner side of the filter screen being in contact with the outer side of the rod portion of the extrusion spiral; The anti-blocking structure includes a plurality of scrapers, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the extrusion spiral. One end of each scraper is fixedly connected to the rod part of the extrusion spiral, and the other end extends to the outside of the filter screen and deflects in a circular shape along its rotation direction.

Images