A dynamic excavation device and method suitable for road and bridge foundation construction

Abstract

The application provides a dynamic excavation device and method suitable for road and bridge foundation construction, relates to the technical field of road and bridge construction excavation, and comprises a device shell, a rotating frame, a multi-dimensional terrain adaptive frame body, a caterpillar track walking system and a telescopic excavation system. The self-adaptive adjustment of the complex terrain is realized through the terrain adaptive caterpillar wheel lifting adjustment hydraulic cylinder and the telescopic rod, and the stability of the whole machine is improved; the excavation part is composed of an excavation main arm, an excavation movable arm and a variable length excavation telescopic arm, and the high-precision excavation operation is realized by cooperating with the telescopic arm length adjustment telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic system comprises components such as a scroll supercharged hydraulic oil pump, an adjusting valve core and a buffer chamber, and ensures stable power output. The power supply battery module provides clean energy, the cockpit and the searchlight ensure convenient operation and night construction safety. The device is compact in structure, high in terrain adaptability and high in excavation precision, and is suitable for road and bridge foundation excavation operation under various complex working conditions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of road and bridge construction excavation, in particular to a dynamic excavation device and method suitable for road and bridge foundation construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] In road and bridge construction projects, foundation excavation is a crucial basic work, and its construction quality and efficiency directly affect the progress and stability of the entire road and bridge project. At present, there are various types of road and bridge foundation excavation devices on the market, which can meet the excavation operation needs of conventional terrain to some extent, but they have many limitations when facing complex and variable terrains and diversified excavation tasks.

[0003] Most of the existing road and bridge foundation excavation devices use traditional fixed wheel or track type walking mechanisms. For fixed wheel devices, the wheel spacing and height are fixed, and when encountering uneven terrain such as potholes and protrusions, the wheels are likely to be suspended or tilted, causing the device to lose balance and seriously affecting driving safety and operation stability. Moreover, when the wheel device climbs or descends, it may slip due to limited friction with the ground, making it difficult to operate normally on inclined terrain.

[0004] Although the track type device improves the adaptability to terrain to some extent, the track wheel height of the existing track type excavation device is usually fixed and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to different terrain conditions. When there is a large difference in height at the construction site, such as in mountainous areas, hilly areas, or urban areas with potholes and protrusions, the track type device will also face the problem of uneven contact between the track and the ground. Some tracks may not be in full contact with the ground, causing uneven distribution of the device's weight, increasing the wear of the track, and reducing the driving stability and operation efficiency of the device. This lack of terrain adaptability greatly limits the use range of existing excavation devices, making road and bridge construction projects in some complex terrain conditions have to use more complex and expensive construction schemes.

[0005] The existing road and bridge foundation excavation devices also have obvious deficiencies in the flexibility of excavation operation. Most devices have simple excavation mechanism design and can only be adjusted in limited dimensions. For example, the excavation arm of some excavation devices can only be simply raised and lowered or swung left and right, and cannot be flexibly adjusted in multiple dimensions at the same time. This makes it difficult for existing devices to accurately complete various complex shape foundation excavation tasks when facing excavation requirements of different depths, widths and angles.

[0006] In actual road and bridge construction, the shape and size of the foundation are often different, and precise excavation operation needs to be carried out according to specific design requirements. When constructing some special-shaped bridge foundations, it may be necessary to carry out inclined angle excavation, different depth layering excavation, etc. However, the existing excavation device lacks multi-dimensional adjustment function and cannot meet these complex excavation requirements, resulting in the need to adjust the position and angle of the device multiple times during construction, increasing the difficulty and time cost of construction, and also difficult to guarantee the accuracy and quality of the excavation operation.

[0007] In summary, the deficiencies of the existing road and bridge foundation excavation device in terms of terrain adaptability and excavation flexibility have become an important factor restricting the development of road and bridge construction projects. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a road and bridge foundation excavation device that can adapt to different complex terrain conditions and has multi-dimensional flexible adjustment function, and therefore we propose a dynamic excavation device and method suitable for road and bridge foundation construction. SUMMARY

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems existing in the background art. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the application, the present application provides the following technical solution: a dynamic excavation device suitable for road and bridge foundation construction, comprising a device shell, a rotating frame is arranged below the device shell, the rotating frame is connected with a multi-dimensional terrain adaptation frame body, a terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjustment hydraulic cylinder and a terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjustment telescopic rod are installed on the multi-dimensional terrain adaptation frame body, the lower end of the terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjustment telescopic rod is connected with a track wheel connecting frame, the track wheel connecting frame is connected with a track wheel main frame body, a track wheel servo motor is installed on the track wheel main frame body, a driving driving gear is connected with the output shaft of the track wheel servo motor, the driving driving gear is engaged with a track wheel driven gear, the track wheel driven gear drives a track body to rotate, a track chain hole is arranged on the track body, a track wheel tensioning wheel is also installed on the track wheel main frame body, a track wheel steering motor is installed on the track wheel main frame body, and the track wheel steering motor controls the steering of the track wheel through a track wheel steering shaft.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, an excavation main arm is installed on the device shell, the excavation main arm is connected with a main arm hydraulic cylinder, and a main arm hydraulic rod is arranged in the main arm hydraulic cylinder.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the front end of the excavation main arm is connected with an excavation movable arm, the excavation movable arm is connected with a movable arm hydraulic cylinder, and a movable arm hydraulic rod is arranged in the movable arm hydraulic cylinder.

[0011] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the front end of the excavating movable arm is provided with a telescopic arm sleeve, a variable-length excavating telescopic arm is installed in the telescopic arm sleeve, the variable-length excavating telescopic arm is connected with a telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic cylinder, a telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic rod is arranged in the telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic cylinder, and a telescopic arm hydraulic cylinder movable hinged connecting frame is arranged on the telescopic arm sleeve.

[0012] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the front end of the variable-length excavating telescopic arm is connected with an excavating bucket through a bucket connecting frame and a bucket connecting pin shaft, the excavating bucket is connected with a bucket hydraulic cylinder, a bucket telescopic rod is arranged in the bucket hydraulic cylinder, and bucket teeth are arranged at the front end of the excavating bucket; a cockpit is arranged on the device shell, and a searchlight is installed on the top of the cockpit.

[0013] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, a power supply battery shell is arranged in the device shell, a battery shell cover is arranged on the power supply battery shell, a power supply battery module is installed in the power supply battery shell, and a heat dissipation ventilation grille is arranged on the power supply battery shell.

[0014] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, a hydraulic oil tank is further arranged in the device shell, the hydraulic oil tank is connected with a vortex supercharged hydraulic oil pump, the vortex supercharged hydraulic oil pump is connected with a oil supply shunt through an adjusting valve core, the oil supply shunt is connected with a filter tank, an oil filter screen is arranged in the filter tank, the filter tank is connected with an isolation hydraulic pipe sleeve joint through a pipeline bridge joint, and the isolation hydraulic pipe sleeve joint is connected with a pressure compensation pipe.

[0015] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, a flow regulation ring is arranged on the pressure compensation pipe, the flow regulation ring is installed on a regulation ring mounting frame, the pressure compensation pipe is connected with a buffer chamber through a conversion joint, a relief valve is arranged on the buffer chamber, the buffer chamber is connected with an oil liquid conveying guide groove through a plug-in interface, and a hydraulic pipe wrapping layer is arranged outside the oil liquid conveying guide groove.

[0016] A use method of a dynamic excavating device suitable for road and bridge foundation construction comprises the following steps: step 1, preparation stage: an operator enters a cockpit, checks the power of a power supply battery module, and ensures that the power is sufficient; checks the hydraulic oil level in a hydraulic oil tank and adds hydraulic oil when the hydraulic oil level is insufficient; turns on the equipment, adjusts a track wheel servo motor, checks the rotation of a track body and adjusts the tension through a track wheel tensioning wheel; operates a main arm hydraulic cylinder, a movable arm hydraulic cylinder, a telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic cylinder and a bucket hydraulic cylinder, and makes the excavating main arm, the excavating movable arm, the variable-length excavating telescopic arm and the excavating bucket perform simple actions, and checks the movement flexibility.

[0017] Step 2, moving stage: according to the field terrain, the terrain adaptive track wheel lifting adjusting hydraulic cylinder is controlled by operating the terrain adaptive track wheel lifting adjusting telescopic rod to adjust the height of the track wheel to adapt to the terrain; the track wheel servo motor is started to drive the driving gear to rotate the track wheel driven gear, and the track body is driven to realize linear driving; when turning is needed, the track wheel steering motor is started to change the orientation of the track wheel through the track wheel steering shaft.

[0018] Step 3, excavation operation stage: move the device to the area to be excavated, adjust the height of the excavation main arm and the swing angle of the excavation arm by operating the main arm hydraulic cylinder and the arm hydraulic cylinder, control the telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic cylinder to make the variable length excavation telescopic arm to the appropriate length; start the bucket hydraulic cylinder to make the bucket telescopic rod extend, the excavation bucket close, the bucket teeth insert into the soil, and the soil is excavated by the coordinated action of the main arm hydraulic cylinder and the arm hydraulic cylinder; after the excavation bucket is filled, move to the unloading position, start the bucket hydraulic cylinder to make the bucket telescopic rod retract, and the excavation bucket opens to unload the material.

[0019] Step 4, end stage: after the operation is completed, the excavation main arm, the excavation arm and the variable length excavation telescopic arm are restored to the initial position, the bucket hydraulic cylinder is closed to make the excavation bucket close; clean the device, check the connection of each part, check and maintain the hydraulic system, and charge the power supply battery module.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the application, in the moving stage, the searchlight at the top of the cockpit is turned on to provide illumination; in the working process of the hydraulic system, the scroll supercharged hydraulic oil pump pumps the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank to increase the pressure, and after the pressure and flow are adjusted by the valve core, the oil is delivered to the oil supply shunt pipe; when the oil passes through the oil filter tank, impurities are filtered through the oil filter screen; then the oil enters the pressure compensation pipe through the isolation hydraulic pipe sleeve joint; the flow is adjusted through the flow control ring; the converted joint enters the buffer chamber to buffer pressure fluctuations; when the pressure is too high, the relief valve opens to release the pressure; finally, the oil enters the oil delivery guide groove through the plug-in interface and is delivered to each hydraulic actuator.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the application are: the multi-dimensional terrain adaptive frame body is provided, which cooperates with the terrain adaptive track wheel lifting adjusting hydraulic cylinder and the terrain adaptive track wheel lifting adjusting telescopic rod, and can flexibly and accurately adjust the height of the track wheel according to different complex terrain conditions, such as pits, bumps, slopes, etc. This makes the device maintain stable driving and operation posture in complex and variable road and bridge construction sites, whether in mountainous areas, hilly areas or urban sites with high and low differences, greatly improving the adaptability of the device to various terrains and widening the use range of the device. Through the terrain adaptation function, the track wheel and the ground always maintain good contact, effectively dispersing the weight of the device and increasing the friction between the track and the ground. This makes the device more stable during walking.

[0022] The combination design of the main arm, the movable arm and the variable-length excavating telescopic arm, and the driving control of each component by the corresponding hydraulic cylinder, can flexibly adjust the excavating operation in multiple dimensions. The main arm hydraulic cylinder and the main arm hydraulic rod control the lifting of the main arm, the movable arm hydraulic cylinder and the movable arm hydraulic rod control the swinging of the movable arm, and the telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic rod control the telescoping of the variable-length excavating telescopic arm. This multi-dimensional adjustment function can meet the excavating requirements of different depths, widths and angles, and can accurately complete various complex-shaped foundation excavation tasks.

[0023] The excavating bucket is equipped with bucket teeth, which can cut into the soil more easily during the excavating process, improving the efficiency of excavating. At the same time, the quick response of the bucket hydraulic cylinder and the bucket telescopic rod enables the excavating bucket to open and close quickly, speeding up the loading and unloading speed of the material, and further improving the overall excavating efficiency.

[0024] The power supply battery module provides power for the device, avoiding the tail gas emission and noise pollution problems caused by traditional fuel power, and being more environmentally friendly and energy-saving. Moreover, the output of the power supply battery module is stable, which can provide continuous and reliable power support for each power component of the device, ensuring the stable operation of the device. At the same time, the heat dissipation ventilation grille can effectively dissipate the heat generated during the operation of the power supply battery module, prolonging the service life of the battery.

[0025] A series of components such as a vortex supercharged hydraulic oil pump, an adjusting valve core, an oil filter screen, a pressure compensation pipe, a flow control ring, a buffer chamber and a relief valve are arranged in the hydraulic system. The vortex supercharged hydraulic oil pump can provide stable high-pressure oil, the adjusting valve core can accurately adjust the pressure and flow of the oil, and the oil filter screen can effectively filter impurities in the oil to ensure the cleanliness of the hydraulic system. The pressure compensation pipe and the flow control ring ensure that each hydraulic component obtains appropriate pressure and flow, the buffer chamber buffers the pressure fluctuation of the oil, and the relief valve releases pressure in time when the pressure is too high to protect the hydraulic system. The cooperative work of these components improves the reliability and stability of the hydraulic system, reduces the occurrence of faults, and reduces the maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram provided by the present application is shown in the figure;

[0027] Figure 2 The partial structural schematic diagram provided by the present application is shown in the figure;

[0028] Figure 3 The excavating telescopic arm structural schematic diagram provided by the present application is shown in the figure;

[0029] Figure 4The main structure schematic diagram provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0030] Figure 5 The excavating main arm structure schematic diagram provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0031] Figure 6 The oil filter tank structure schematic diagram provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0032] Figure 7 The hydraulic oil tank structure schematic diagram provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0033] Figure 8 The oil supply shunt pipe structure schematic diagram provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0034] The figure shows:

[0035] 1, device housing; 2, rotating frame; 3, multi-dimensional terrain adaptive frame body; 4, terrain adaptive track wheel lifting adjustment hydraulic cylinder; 5, terrain adaptive track wheel lifting adjustment telescopic rod; 6, track wheel connecting frame; 7, track wheel main frame body; 8, track wheel servo motor; 9, driving driving gear; 10, track wheel driven gear; 11, track wheel tensioning wheel; 12, track body; 13, track chain hole; 14, arc-shaped weighing frame body; 15, track wheel steering motor; 16, track wheel steering shaft; 17, excavating main arm; 18, main arm hydraulic cylinder; 19, main arm hydraulic rod; 20, excavating movable arm; 21, movable arm hydraulic cylinder; 22, movable arm hydraulic rod; 23, telescopic arm sleeve; 231, variable length excavating telescopic arm; 232, telescopic arm length adjustment telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 233, telescopic arm length adjustment telescopic hydraulic rod; 234, telescopic arm hydraulic cylinder movable hinged connecting frame. 24, excavator connecting frame; 25, excavator connecting pin shaft; 26, excavator hydraulic cylinder; 27, excavator telescopic rod; 28, excavating bucket; 29, excavator teeth; 30, cockpit; 31, searchlight; 32, power supply battery housing; 33, battery housing cover; 34, heat dissipation ventilation grille; 35, power supply battery module; 36, hydraulic oil tank; 37, scroll supercharged hydraulic oil pump; 38, regulating valve core; 39, oil supply shunt pipe; 40, oil filter tank; 41, oil filter screen; 42, pipe bridge joint; 43, isolation hydraulic pipe sleeve joint; 44, pressure compensation pipe; 45, flow control ring; 46, control ring mounting frame; 47, conversion joint; 48, buffer chamber; 49, relief valve; 50, plug-in interface; 51, oil delivery guide groove; 52, hydraulic pipe wrapping layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.

[0037] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application is not intended to limit the scope of the application as claimed, but merely represents some embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the application. It should be noted that the embodiments in the application and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so that once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0038] Embodiment 1: A dynamic excavation device suitable for building a foundation of a road bridge, comprising a device shell 1, a rotating frame 2 arranged below the device shell 1, the rotating frame 2 being connected with a multi-dimensional terrain adaptation frame body 3, a terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjusting hydraulic cylinder 4 and a terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjusting telescopic rod 5 being installed on the multi-dimensional terrain adaptation frame body 3, a track wheel connecting frame 6 being connected with the lower end of the terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjusting telescopic rod 5, the track wheel connecting frame 6 being connected with a track wheel main frame body 7, a track wheel servo motor 8 being installed on the track wheel main frame body 7, an output shaft of the track wheel servo motor 8 being connected with a driving driving gear 9, the driving driving gear 9 being engaged with a track wheel driven gear 10, the track wheel driven gear 10 driving a track body 12 to rotate, a track chain hole 13 being arranged on the track body 12, a track wheel tensioning wheel 11 also being installed on the track wheel main frame body 7, a track wheel steering motor 15 being installed on the track wheel main frame body 7, the track wheel steering motor 15 controlling track wheel steering through a track wheel steering shaft 16. A digging main arm 17 is installed on the device shell 1, the digging main arm 17 being connected with a main arm hydraulic cylinder 18, a main arm hydraulic rod 19 being arranged in the main arm hydraulic cylinder 18. A digging dynamic arm 20 is connected with the front end of the digging main arm 17, the digging dynamic arm 20 being connected with a dynamic arm hydraulic cylinder 21, a dynamic arm hydraulic rod 22 being arranged in the dynamic arm hydraulic cylinder 21.

[0039] A telescopic arm sleeve 23 is arranged at the front end of the digging dynamic arm 20, a variable length digging excavating telescopic arm 231 being installed in the telescopic arm sleeve 23, the variable length digging excavating telescopic arm 231 being connected with a telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic cylinder 232, a telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic rod 233 being arranged in the telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic cylinder 232, a telescopic arm hydraulic cylinder movable hinged connecting frame 234 being arranged on the telescopic arm sleeve 23.

[0040] The variable length digging excavating telescopic arm 231 is connected with a digging bucket 28 through a digging bucket connecting frame 24 and a digging bucket connecting pin shaft 25, the digging bucket 28 being connected with a digging bucket hydraulic cylinder 26, a digging bucket telescopic rod 27 being arranged in the digging bucket hydraulic cylinder 26, digging bucket teeth 29 being arranged at the front end of the digging bucket 28; a cockpit 30 is arranged on the device shell 1, a searchlight 31 being installed at the top of the cockpit 30.

[0041] The device housing 1 is provided with a power supply battery housing 32, the power supply battery housing 32 is provided with a battery housing cover 33, the power supply battery housing 32 is provided with a power supply battery module 35, and the power supply battery housing 32 is provided with a heat dissipation ventilation grille 34.

[0042] The device housing 1 is also provided with a hydraulic oil tank 36, the hydraulic oil tank 36 is connected with a vortex supercharged hydraulic oil pump 37, the vortex supercharged hydraulic oil pump 37 is connected with an oil supply shunt pipe 39 through an adjusting valve core 38, the oil supply shunt pipe 39 is connected with an oil filter tank 40, the oil filter tank 40 is provided with an oil filter screen 41, the oil filter tank 40 is connected with an isolation hydraulic pipe sleeve joint 43 through a pipeline bridge joint 42, and the isolation hydraulic pipe sleeve joint 43 is connected with a pressure compensation pipe 44.

[0043] The pressure compensation pipe 44 is provided with a flow control ring 45, the flow control ring 45 is installed on a control ring mounting frame 46, the pressure compensation pipe 44 is connected with a buffer chamber 48 through a conversion joint 47, the buffer chamber 48 is provided with a relief valve 49, the buffer chamber 48 is connected with an oil liquid conveying guide groove 51 through a plug-in interface 50, and the oil liquid conveying guide groove 51 is provided with a hydraulic pipe wrapping layer 52 on the outside.

[0044] A kind of method for using the dynamic excavation device suitable for the foundation of road and bridge, step 1, preparation phase: operator enters the driver's cabin 30, checks the power of power supply battery module 35, ensure that power is sufficient;Check the hydraulic oil level in the hydraulic oil tank 36, add when insufficient;Start the equipment, debug track wheel servo motor 8, check the rotation of track body 12 and adjust the tension through track wheel tensioning wheel 11;Operation main arm hydraulic cylinder 18, boom hydraulic cylinder 21, telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic cylinder 232 and excavator hydraulic cylinder 26, make excavation main arm 17, excavation boom 20, variable length excavation excavating telescopic arm 231 and excavation bucket 28 simple action, check the flexibility of movement.

[0045] Step 2, moving phase: according to the terrain, adjust the height of track wheel to adapt to the terrain by controlling terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjusting telescopic rod 5 to extend and retract through terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjusting hydraulic cylinder 4;Start track wheel servo motor 8, make driving driving gear 9 drive track wheel driven gear 10 to rotate, drive track body 12 to realize the straight-line driving of device;When steering is needed, start track wheel steering motor 15, change the orientation of track wheel through track wheel steering shaft 16.

[0046] Step 3, excavation operation stage: move the device to the area to be excavated, adjust the height of the excavation main arm 17 and the swing angle of the excavation boom 20 by operating the main arm hydraulic cylinder 18 and the boom hydraulic cylinder 21, adjust the length of the telescopic arm by controlling the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 232 to make the variable-length excavation telescopic arm 231 to the appropriate length; start the bucket hydraulic cylinder 26 to make the bucket telescopic rod 27 extend, the excavation bucket 28 close, the bucket teeth 29 insert into the soil, and the soil is excavated by the coordinated action of the main arm hydraulic cylinder 18 and the boom hydraulic cylinder 21; after the excavation bucket 28 is filled, move to the unloading position, start the bucket hydraulic cylinder 26 to make the bucket telescopic rod 27 retract, and the excavation bucket 28 opens to unload the material.

[0047] Step 4, end stage: after the operation is completed, restore the excavation main arm 17, the excavation boom 20 and the variable-length excavation telescopic arm 231 to the initial position, close the bucket hydraulic cylinder 26 to make the excavation bucket 28 close; clean the device, check the connection of each part, check and maintain the hydraulic system, and charge the power supply battery module 35.

[0048] In the moving stage, lighting is provided by turning on the searchlight 31 at the top of the cab 30; during the operation of the hydraulic system, the scroll supercharged hydraulic oil pump 37 pumps hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 36 to be supercharged, and after the pressure and flow are adjusted by the valve core 38, the oil is delivered to the oil supply shunt pipe 39, and when the oil passes through the filter tank 40, impurities are filtered by the oil filter screen 41, and then enters the pressure compensation pipe 44 through the isolation hydraulic pipe sleeve joint 43, adjusts the flow through the flow control ring 45, enters the buffer chamber 48 to buffer pressure fluctuations through the conversion joint 47, and when the pressure is too high, the relief valve 49 opens to release the pressure. Finally, the oil enters the oil delivery guide groove 51 through the plug-in interface 50 and is delivered to each hydraulic actuator.

[0049] The working principle of a dynamic excavation device suitable for road and bridge foundation construction is as follows: the device adapts to different terrains through the multi-dimensional terrain adaptation frame body 3. The terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjustment hydraulic cylinder 4 and the terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjustment telescopic rod 5 work together, and when the device travels on uneven ground, the height of the track wheel can be adjusted according to the terrain conditions. For example, when encountering a convex terrain, the terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjustment hydraulic cylinder 4 pushes the terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjustment telescopic rod 5 to elongate, so that the track wheel at the corresponding position is raised to maintain the balance of the device; if a concave terrain is encountered, the reverse operation is performed.

[0050] When the track wheel servo motor 8 is started, its output shaft drives the driving pinion 9 to rotate, the driving pinion 9 engages with the track wheel driven gear 10, thereby driving the track body 12 to rotate, realizing the forward and backward movement of the device. The track chain hole 13 cooperates with the track wheel driven gear 10 and the track wheel tensioning wheel 11 to ensure the stable operation of the track body 12. The track wheel tensioning wheel 11 can adjust the tension of the track body 12 to prevent the track from loosening. The track wheel steering motor 15 controls the steering of the track wheel through the track wheel steering shaft 16. When steering is needed, the track wheel steering motor 15 drives the track wheel steering shaft 16 to rotate, changes the orientation of the track wheel, and realizes flexible steering of the device.

[0051] When the main arm hydraulic cylinder 18 is working, the main arm hydraulic rod 19 makes extension and retraction movement in the main arm hydraulic cylinder 18. When the main arm hydraulic rod 19 extends, it pushes the excavating main arm 17 to rise; when the main arm hydraulic rod 19 retracts, the excavating main arm 17 descends, realizing the adjustment of the height of the excavating main arm 17. The boom hydraulic cylinder 21 controls the extension and retraction of the boom hydraulic rod 22, and the extension and retraction of the boom hydraulic rod 22 drives the excavating boom 20 to swing, thereby changing the angle and range of excavation.

[0052] The extension and retraction of the variable length excavating telescopic arm 231 in the telescopic arm sleeve 23 is controlled by the extension and retraction of the extension and retraction hydraulic rod 233 in the extension and retraction hydraulic cylinder 232 for length adjustment, further expanding the working range of excavation. The extension and retraction stability is ensured by the movable hinged connecting frame 234 of the telescopic arm hydraulic cylinder.

[0053] The extension and retraction of the excavating bucket 28 is realized by controlling the extension and retraction of the excavating bucket rod 27 by the excavating bucket hydraulic cylinder 26. When excavating, the excavating bucket 28 is closed, and the bucket teeth 29 are inserted into the soil to excavate the soil; when unloading, the excavating bucket 28 is opened to pour out the soil.

[0054] The power supply battery module 35 is installed in the power supply battery housing 32 to provide power for various electric components of the device, such as the track wheel servo motor 8, the track wheel steering motor 15, the main arm hydraulic cylinder 18, the boom hydraulic cylinder 21, etc. The heat dissipation and ventilation grille 34 is used to dissipate the heat generated during the operation of the power supply battery module 35, and the battery housing cover 33 facilitates the maintenance of the power supply battery module 35.

[0055] The driver operates the device in the driver's cabin 30, controls the operation of various motors and hydraulic cylinders through various control handles and buttons. The searchlight 31 provides illumination in the dark or insufficient light environment, facilitating the operation of the driver.

[0056] The hydraulic oil tank 36 stores hydraulic oil, the vortex supercharged hydraulic oil pump 37 pumps and pressurizes the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank 36, and after adjusting the pressure and flow of the oil through the valve core 38, it is delivered to the oil supply shunt pipe 39.

[0057] Oil filtration: when the oil passes through the filter tank 40, the oil filter screen 41 filters the oil to remove impurities and ensure the cleanliness of the oil, preventing impurities from damaging the hydraulic components.

[0058] The filtered oil enters the isolation hydraulic pipe sleeve 43 through the pipe bridge joint 42, and then flows into the pressure compensation pipe 44. The pressure compensation pipe 44 is used to balance the oil pressure, and the flow control ring 45 adjusts the flow of the oil to ensure that each hydraulic component obtains appropriate pressure and flow.

[0059] The oil enters the buffer chamber 48 through the conversion joint 47, which can buffer the pressure fluctuations of the oil and protect the hydraulic system. When the oil pressure is too high, the relief valve 49 opens to release part of the oil and reduce the pressure. The treated oil enters the oil delivery guide slot 51 through the plug-in interface 50 and is then delivered to various hydraulic actuators such as hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic rams to drive their operation. The hydraulic pipe wrapping layer 52 protects the oil delivery pipeline.

[0060] Working process of the dynamic excavation device suitable for road and bridge foundation construction: After the operator enters the cab 30, first check the power of the battery module 35 to ensure that it has sufficient power to provide stable power to the various systems of the device. At the same time, check the hydraulic oil level in the hydraulic oil tank 36, and if the level is insufficient, add it in time to ensure the normal operation of the hydraulic system.

[0061] Turn on the equipment and debug each moving part. Start the track wheel servo motor 8 and check the rotation of the track body 12. Adjust the tension of the track through the track wheel tensioning wheel 11 to ensure smooth operation of the track. Operate the main arm hydraulic cylinder 18, the boom hydraulic cylinder 21, the telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic cylinder 232, and the excavator hydraulic cylinder 26 to make the main arm 17, the boom 20, the variable length excavating telescopic arm 231, and the excavator bucket 28 perform simple extension, swing, and opening and closing actions. Check whether each part moves smoothly and flexibly, and whether there is any jamming or abnormal noise.

[0062] Before moving the device, the operator adjusts the extension and retraction of the terrain adaptation track wheel lifting and adjusting telescopic rod 5 by operating the terrain adaptation track wheel lifting and adjusting hydraulic cylinder 4 according to the terrain conditions on site. If encountering a raised terrain, raise the corresponding track wheel; if encountering a depressed terrain, lower the height of the corresponding track wheel to keep the device level and stable, ensuring good contact between the track and the ground.

[0063] Start the track wheel servo motor 8 to drive the driving gear 9 to rotate, which in turn drives the track wheel driven gear 10 to rotate, and then makes the track body 12 rotate, realizing the straight forward or backward movement of the device. The operator can adjust the speed of the track wheel servo motor 8 according to the needs to control the speed of the device.

[0064] When the traveling direction needs to be changed, the track wheel steering motor 15 is started to change the orientation of the track wheel through the track wheel steering shaft 16. For example, when turning left, the rotation speed of the left track wheel is made lower than that of the right track wheel to realize left turning of the device; conversely, right turning is realized.

[0065] After the device is moved to the digging area, the height of the digging main arm 17 and the swing angle of the digging boom 20 are adjusted by operating the main arm hydraulic cylinder 18 and the boom hydraulic cylinder 21 to align the digging bucket 28 with the digging position. Meanwhile, according to the requirement of the digging depth and range, the telescopic arm length is adjusted by controlling the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 232 to extend or retract the variable-length digging excavating telescopic arm 231 to a proper length.

[0066] The bucket hydraulic cylinder 26 is started to extend the bucket telescopic rod 27, the digging bucket 28 is closed, and the bucket teeth 29 are inserted into the soil. Then, the digging bucket 28 is lifted upward and swung backward by the coordinated action of the main arm hydraulic cylinder 18 and the boom hydraulic cylinder 21 to dig out the soil. The above-mentioned action is repeated to gradually complete the digging work.

[0067] When the digging bucket 28 is full of soil, the device is moved to the designated unloading position. The bucket hydraulic cylinder 26 is started to retract the bucket telescopic rod 27, the digging bucket 28 is opened, and the soil is unloaded to the designated position.

[0068] After the digging work is completed, the digging main arm 17, the digging boom 20, and the variable-length digging excavating telescopic arm 231 are restored to the initial position, the bucket hydraulic cylinder 26 is closed to close the digging bucket 28. Cleaning and maintenance: the device is cleaned to remove the soil and sundries on the digging bucket 28, the track body 12, and other components. The connection of each component is checked, and if loose, it is tightened in time. The hydraulic system is checked, and if there is leakage, it is repaired in time. At the same time, the power supply battery module 35 is charged to prepare for the next work.

[0069] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application and not to limit the technical solutions described in the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and any modification or equivalent replacement of the present application; all technical solutions and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application are covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A dynamic excavating device suitable for building a foundation of a road bridge, characterized in that, Including device shell (1), the device shell (1) below is provided with rotating frame (2), rotating frame (2) is connected with multi-dimensional terrain adaptation frame body (3), terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjustment hydraulic cylinder (4) and terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjustment telescopic rod (5) are installed on the multi-dimensional terrain adaptation frame body (3), terrain adaptation track wheel lifting adjustment telescopic rod (5) lower end connects track wheel connecting frame (6), track wheel connecting frame (6) is connected with track wheel main frame body (7), track wheel servo motor (8) is installed on the track wheel main frame body (7), track wheel servo motor (8) output shaft connects drive driving gear (9), drive driving gear (9) is engaged with track wheel driven gear (10), track wheel driven gear (10) drives track body (12) to rotate, track body (12) is provided with track chain hole (13), track wheel main frame body (7) is also installed with track wheel tension wheel (11), track wheel main frame body (7) is installed with track wheel steering motor (15), track wheel steering motor (15) controls track wheel steering through track wheel steering shaft (16), the device shell (1) is provided with power supply battery shell (32) inside, power supply battery shell (32) is provided with battery shell cover (33), power supply battery shell (32) is installed with power supply battery module (35) inside, power supply battery shell (32) is provided with heat dissipation ventilation grille (34); The device shell (1) is also provided with a hydraulic oil tank (36) inside, the hydraulic oil tank (36) is connected with a scroll supercharged hydraulic oil pump (37), the scroll supercharged hydraulic oil pump (37) is connected with an oil supply shunt pipe (39) through an adjusting valve core (38), the oil supply shunt pipe (39) is connected with a filter oil tank (40), the filter oil tank (40) is provided with an oil filter screen (41) inside, the filter oil tank (40) is connected with an isolation hydraulic pipe sleeve joint (43) through a pipeline bridge joint (42), the isolation hydraulic pipe sleeve joint (43) is connected with a pressure compensation pipe (44); The pressure compensation pipe (44) is provided with a flow control ring (45), the flow control ring (45) is installed on a control ring mounting frame (46), the pressure compensation pipe (44) is connected with a buffer chamber (48) through a conversion joint (47), the buffer chamber (48) is provided with a relief valve (49), the buffer chamber (48) is connected with an oil delivery guide groove (51) through a plug-in interface (50), the oil delivery guide groove (51) is provided with a hydraulic pipe wrapping layer (52) outside.

2. A dynamic excavating device suitable for building foundation of road and bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device shell (1) is installed with a digging main arm (17), the digging main arm (17) is connected with a main arm hydraulic cylinder (18), the main arm hydraulic cylinder (18) is provided with a main arm hydraulic rod (19) inside.

3. The dynamic excavating device for building foundation of road and bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that, The digging main arm (17) front end is connected with a digging movable arm (20), the digging movable arm (20) is connected with a movable arm hydraulic cylinder (21), the movable arm hydraulic cylinder (21) is provided with a movable arm hydraulic rod (22) inside.

4. The dynamic excavating device for building foundation of road and bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that, The excavating movable arm (20) is provided with a telescopic arm sleeve (23) at the front end, a variable-length excavating telescopic arm (231) is installed in the telescopic arm sleeve (23), the variable-length excavating telescopic arm (231) is connected with a telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic cylinder (232), the telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic cylinder (232) is provided with a telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic rod (233), and the telescopic arm sleeve (23) is provided with a telescopic arm hydraulic cylinder movable hinged connecting frame (234).

5. A dynamic excavating device suitable for building foundation of road and bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that, The variable-length excavating telescopic arm (231) is connected with an excavating bucket (28) through a bucket connecting frame (24) and a bucket connecting pin shaft (25) at the front end, the excavating bucket (28) is connected with a bucket hydraulic oil cylinder (26), the bucket hydraulic oil cylinder (26) is provided with a bucket telescopic rod (27), and the excavating bucket (28) is provided with a bucket tooth (29) at the front end; a driver's cabin (30) is arranged on the device shell (1), and a searchlight (31) is installed at the top of the driver's cabin (30).

6. A method of using a dynamic excavation device suitable for use in the construction of foundations for road bridges, characterised in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, preparation stage: the operator enters the driver's cabin (30), checks the power of the power supply battery module (35), ensures that the power is sufficient, checks the hydraulic oil level in the hydraulic oil tank (36), and adds when the hydraulic oil level is insufficient; the equipment is started, the track wheel servo motor (8) is debugged, the rotation of the track body (12) is checked, and the tension is adjusted through the track wheel tensioning wheel (11); the main arm hydraulic cylinder (18), the movable arm hydraulic cylinder (21), the telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic cylinder (232) and the bucket hydraulic oil cylinder (26) are operated, so that the excavating main arm (17), the excavating movable arm (20), the variable-length excavating telescopic arm (231) and the excavating bucket (28) are simply moved, and the movement flexibility is checked; Step 2, moving stage: according to the local terrain, the terrain adaptive track wheel lifting adjusting telescopic rod (5) is telescoped by operating the terrain adaptive track wheel lifting adjusting hydraulic cylinder (4) to adjust the height of the track wheel to adapt to the terrain; the track wheel servo motor (8) is started, the driving main gear (9) is driven to rotate the track wheel driven gear (10), and the track body (12) is driven to realize the straight-line movement of the device; when steering is required, the track wheel steering motor (15) is started, and the orientation of the track wheel is changed through the track wheel steering shaft (16); Step 3, excavating operation stage: the device is moved to the area to be excavated, the height of the excavating main arm (17) and the swing angle of the excavating movable arm (20) are adjusted by operating the main arm hydraulic cylinder (18) and the movable arm hydraulic cylinder (21), the variable-length excavating telescopic arm (231) is adjusted to an appropriate length by controlling the telescopic arm length adjusting telescopic hydraulic cylinder (232); the bucket hydraulic oil cylinder (26) is started, the bucket telescopic rod (27) is extended, the excavating bucket (28) is closed, the bucket tooth (29) is inserted into the soil, and the soil is excavated through the coordinated action of the main arm hydraulic cylinder (18) and the movable arm hydraulic cylinder (21); after the excavating bucket (28) is filled, the device is moved to the unloading position, the bucket hydraulic oil cylinder (26) is started, the bucket telescopic rod (27) is retracted, and the excavating bucket (28) is opened to unload the material; Step 4, end stage: after the work is completed, the excavation main arm (17), the excavation movable arm (20) and the variable length excavation excavating telescopic arm (231) are restored to the initial position, the excavator hydraulic cylinder (26) is closed to close the excavation bucket (28); the cleaning device is cleaned, the connection of each part is checked, the hydraulic system is checked and maintained, and the power supply battery module (35) is charged.

7. The method of using a dynamic excavation apparatus suitable for use in the construction of foundations for road bridges according to claim 6, wherein, In the moving stage, illumination is provided by turning on the searchlight (31) at the top of the cockpit (30); during the operation of the hydraulic system, the scroll supercharged hydraulic oil pump (37) pumps hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank (36) to be supercharged, adjusts the pressure and flow rate through the adjusting valve core (38), and then delivers it to the oil supply shunt pipe (39); the oil passes through the oil filter tank (40) to filter impurities through the oil filter screen (41), and then enters the pressure compensation pipe (44) through the isolation hydraulic pipe sleeve joint (43), adjusts the flow rate through the flow control ring (45), enters the buffer chamber (48) through the conversion joint (47) to buffer pressure fluctuations, and when the pressure is too high, the relief valve (49) opens to release the pressure, and finally the oil enters the oil delivery guide slot (51) through the plug-in interface (50) to be delivered to the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder.

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