A tunnel construction support structure, a tunnel structure, and a tunnel construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel construction supporting structure, a tunnel structure and a tunnel construction method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and specifically discloses the tunnel construction supporting structure, the tunnel structure and the tunnel construction method, which comprise a base, prestressed steel bars are pre-buried in the base; a pile column is borne on the base and is provided with a through anchor hole; the pile column comprises a plurality of pile blocks which are vertically arranged and stacked; the pile blocks are provided with vertical reserved holes; an anchoring assembly comprises a plug rod which is arranged through the through anchor hole; the plug rod is provided with a plug-in part and a threaded section which is connected to the end of the plug-in part; the threaded section partially extends out of the pile column and is connected with a screwing piece; and a baffle is vertically arranged and clamped between two adjacent pile columns. The prestressed steel bars are pre-buried in the base and protrude, and the prestressed steel bars pass through the vertical reserved holes of the pile column, so that the base and the pile column are tightly connected; through the synergistic effect of the prestressed steel bars, the pile column, the anchoring assembly and the baffle, the risk of failure of the supporting structure is significantly reduced, so that the safety of construction personnel is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular, to a tunnel construction supporting structure and a tunnel construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In tunnel engineering construction, the supporting structure is the core element to ensure construction safety and stability, especially for the side support of the bias pressure tunnel, its importance is self-evident. Due to the special geological stress condition, the stability of the side of the bias pressure tunnel faces greater challenges, once the supporting structure fails, it is likely to cause serious safety accidents and engineering delay.

[0003] The traditional tunnel side support method mainly adopts the combination form of steel arch, anchor rod, sprayed concrete, etc. In actual construction, the installation and disassembly process of steel arch is relatively complex, which needs to consume a lot of manpower and time, which undoubtedly reduces the construction efficiency. Ordinary anchor rod has also been widely used in tunnel support, but its anchoring effect is easily affected by geological conditions. In soft soil layer, surrounding rock or broken rock layer, the anchoring force of the anchor rod is often difficult to meet the design requirements, and it is easy to appear loose or even failure. This not only weakens the overall stability of the supporting structure, but also may lead to further deformation and collapse of the surrounding rock. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a tunnel construction supporting structure.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] A tunnel construction supporting structure, comprising: a base, embedded with a prestressed steel tendon protruding above the upper end of the base; a pile column, supported on the base, arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel, provided with a through anchor hole, the pile column comprising a plurality of pile blocks arranged and stacked vertically, the pile block being provided with a vertical reserved hole for the prestressed steel tendon to pass through; an anchoring assembly, comprising a plug rod, arranged in the through anchor hole, the plug rod being provided with a grouting channel in the center, the plug rod being provided with a plug-in part and a threaded segment connected to the end of the plug-in part, the plug-in part being provided with a grout outlet hole in the peripheral wall; the plug-in part is provided with a protruding annular block; the annular block and the grout outlet hole are arranged along the length direction of the plug-in part; the threaded segment partially protrudes from the pile column and is connected with a screwing piece, the screwing piece and the annular block being located on both sides of the pile column respectively; a baffle is arranged vertically and clamped between two adjacent pile columns.

[0007] Further, the pile block is provided with a first upper surface and a second upper surface with height difference at the upper end, and a first lower surface and a second lower surface with height difference at the lower end, the first upper surface and the second upper surface are connected by a first vertical surface, the first lower surface and the second lower surface are connected by a second vertical surface, the pile blocks are arranged and stacked vertically, the first lower surface, the second lower surface and the second vertical surface of the upper pile block are respectively attached to the first upper surface, the second upper surface and the first vertical surface of the lower adjacent pile block, and the first upper surface and the first lower surface attached to each other and the second upper surface and the second lower surface attached to each other are concave-convex matched.

[0008] Further, the first vertical surface is provided with a first anchoring hole, and the second vertical surface is provided with a second anchoring hole, the second anchoring hole of the upper pile block is aligned and communicated with the second anchoring hole of the lower adjacent pile block to form a through anchoring hole.

[0009] Further, the upper end of the insertion slot and the baffle is inclined rearward, the baffle is embedded in the corresponding insertion slot on both sides, and a filler is clamped between the upper and lower adjacent baffles; the filler comprises a pressing block, a bearing block and a connecting block, the pressing block is pressed on the upper end of the lower baffle in the corresponding two adjacent baffles, the bearing block is attached to the bottom of the upper baffle, and the connecting block is connected with the pressing block and the bearing block at both ends.

[0010] Further, the baffle is provided with a water passing hole at the bottom, and the bearing block is provided with an upward extending blocking strip at the end away from the pressing block.

[0011] Further, the blocking strip is provided with an upward extending auxiliary supporting block for supporting the upper adjacent filler.

[0012] The application also provides a tunnel structure comprising the tunnel construction supporting structure.

[0013] The application further provides a tunnel construction method, comprising the following steps: S1, excavating a plurality of pile foundation holes in the soil layer outside the preset contour of the tunnel, the plurality of pile foundation holes being arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, embedding a reinforcement cage in the pile foundation hole, the reinforcement cage being provided with a prestressed steel bar bundle extending upwards, pouring the base at the bottom of the pile foundation hole, and the prestressed steel bar bundle extending out of the upper end of the base; S2, stacking pile blocks on the base to form pile columns, and installing a baffle between the pile blocks corresponding in height to adjacent pile columns; the pile block is provided with a vertical reserved hole for sleeving the prestressed steel bar bundle; grouting into the vertical reserved hole and vertically tensioning the prestressed steel bar bundle; and installing a baffle between adjacent pile blocks; S3, drilling the rock and soil on the side of the pile column away from the preset contour of the tunnel along the anchor hole to form an anchor insertion hole; S4, inserting an anchoring assembly into the anchor hole and the anchor insertion hole, and grouting into the anchor insertion hole; S5, constructing the tunnel body corresponding to the preset contour of the tunnel; and S6, backfilling the space between the tunnel body and the pile column and the baffle.

[0014] Further, the vertical reserved hole is pre-embedded with a corrugated steel pipe; step S2 comprises: installing the pile blocks in sequence, and when the pile blocks are installed, aligning the corrugated steel pipe on the pile block with the prestressed steel bar bundle and lowering the pile block to enable the corrugated steel pipe to be sleeved on the prestressed steel bar bundle; when the pile blocks are stacked up and down, the first lower surface, the second lower surface and the second vertical surface at the bottom of the upper pile block are respectively attached to the first upper surface, the second upper surface and the first vertical surface at the top of the lower adjacent pile block; and the first upper surface and the first lower surface attached to each other and the second upper surface and the second lower surface attached to each other are in concave-convex fit.

[0015] Further, the anchoring assembly comprises an insertion rod, a pressing block and a screwing piece; step S4 specifically comprises: S41, inserting the insertion rod into the anchor hole and the anchor insertion hole, so that the insertion part of the insertion rod is inserted into the anchor insertion hole, and the threaded segment of the insertion rod partially extends out of the side of the pile column away from the anchor insertion hole; S42, sleeving the pressing block on the insertion rod and attaching the pressing block to the pile column; S43, grouting into the grouting channel in the insertion rod, and the grout fills the gap between the insertion part and the anchor insertion hole through the grout outlet holes in the peripheral wall of the insertion part; S44, after the grout solidifies, installing the screwing piece on the threaded segment, so that the screwing piece abuts against the pressing block.

[0016] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The prestressed steel tendon bundle is embedded in the base in advance, passes through the vertical reserved hole of the pile column, and realizes the close connection between the base and the pile column. The overall strength of the supporting structure is enhanced, and the anti-deformation ability of the supporting structure is effectively improved through the tensioning effect of the prestressed steel tendon bundle. The pile column is composed of a plurality of vertically arranged and stacked pile blocks, and the modular design makes the installation and disassembly of the pile column more convenient. Construction personnel can quickly stack the pile blocks one by one, greatly reducing the installation time and improving the construction efficiency. The center of the anchor rod in the anchoring assembly is provided with a grouting channel, the peripheral wall of the insertion part is provided with a grouting hole and a protruding annular block, and when grouting, the grout can be uniformly filled around the anchor rod through the grouting hole to form a firm anchoring body. The annular block further enhances the anchoring effect and prevents the anchor rod from moving under stress, thereby significantly improving the stability of the supporting structure. Through the synergistic effect of the prestressed steel tendon bundle, the pile column, the anchoring assembly and the baffle, the supporting structure of the present application can effectively resist the deformation and pressure of the surrounding rock during the construction process, significantly reducing the risk of failure of the supporting structure, thereby ensuring the safety of the construction personnel.

[0018] In addition to the purposes, features and advantages described above, the present application has other purposes, features and advantages. The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the application, and assist in explaining the application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the tunnel construction supporting structure in use according to the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is an enlarged view of A of Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the tunnel construction supporting structure according to the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 is an exploded view of the tunnel construction supporting structure according to the present application; Figure 3

[0024] Figure 5 is an exploded view of the pile block and the pile block;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the tunnel construction supporting structure according to the present application from another perspective; Figure 5

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic view of the baffle and the filler connection structure;

[0027] ​​Figure 8 is a structural schematic view of the anchoring assembly;

[0028] Figure 9 is an enlarged view of B of Figure 8 ;

[0029] Figure 10 is a partial structural schematic view of the clamping member in an expanded state;

[0030] Figure 11 is an exploded state structural schematic view of Figure 10 ;

[0031] Figure 12 is a flowchart of the tunnel construction method.

[0032] Legend:

[0033] base 100, prestressed tendon 110;

[0034] pile 200, anchor hole 201, pile block 210, insertion slot 211, vertical reserved hole 220, first upper surface 230, first vertical surface 231, first positioning groove 232, first anchoring hole 233; second upper surface 240, second positioning groove 241, first lower surface 250, second vertical surface 251, first positioning protrusion 252, second anchoring hole 253, second lower surface 260, second positioning protrusion 261, corrugated steel pipe 270;

[0035] anchoring assembly 300, insertion rod 310, grouting channel 320, insertion portion 321, grouting hole 322, threaded segment 323, annular block 324, chamfer 325, installation allowance 326, first limiting wall 327, second limiting wall 328, pressing block 330, perforation 331, positioning cylinder 332, screwing member 340, tapered portion 341, polygonal protrusion 342, clamping member 350, sharp corner portion 351;

[0036] baffle 400, water passing hole 410;

[0037] filling member 500, pressing block 510, bearing block 520, connecting block 530, blocking strip 540, auxiliary supporting block 550, supporting leg 560;

[0038] pile foundation hole 101, tunnel preset contour 102, anchor insertion hole 103, tunnel body 104. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely exemplary for the purpose of explanation and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0040] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] It should be noted that all the direction indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture changes, the direction indications also change accordingly.

[0042] In addition, the descriptions involving “first”, “second” and the like in the present application are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first”, “second” can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of a person of ordinary skill in the art, and when the combination of technical solutions contradicts each other or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope of the present application.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a tunnel construction supporting structure comprises a base 100, a pile column 200, an anchoring assembly 300 and a baffle 400.

[0044] The base 100 is pre-buried with a prestressed steel tendon 110 protruding from the upper end of the base 100.

[0045] The pile column 200 is borne on the base 100, and the pile column 200 is arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel. The pile column 200 is provided with a through anchor hole 201, and the pile column 200 comprises a plurality of pile blocks 210 arranged and stacked vertically. The pile block 210 is provided with a vertical reserved hole 220 for the prestressed steel tendon 110 to pass through.

[0046] The anchoring assembly 300 comprises a plug 310, the anchoring assembly 300 is arranged in the anchoring hole 201, the plug 310 is provided with a grouting channel 320 in the center, the plug 310 is provided with an insertion part 321 and a threaded segment 323 connected to the end of the insertion part 321, the peripheral wall of the insertion part 321 is provided with a grouting hole 322; the peripheral wall of the insertion part 321 is provided with a protruding annular block 324; the annular block 324 and the grouting hole 322 are arranged along the length direction of the insertion part 321; there is at least one grouting hole 322 between every two adjacent annular blocks 324. The grouting holes 322 are usually arranged in a ring to avoid the blockage of a certain grouting hole 322, which leads to uneven grouting. The threaded segment 323 partially protrudes from the pile 200 and is connected with a screwing part 340, the screwing part 340 and the annular block 324 are respectively located on the two sides of the pile 200, that is, the screwing part 340 is located on the side of the pile 200 facing the tunnel and away from the rock-soil. The grouting holes 322 are arranged to realize multi-position grouting and improve the uniformity of grouting, the protruding annular block 324 enables the annular block 324 to be embedded in the solidified grout after the grout solidifies, thereby improving the anchoring effect. The screwing part 340 is threadedly connected to the threaded segment 323 and abuts against the front side of the pile 200, thereby realizing effective transmission of the force, the pressure of the soil on the pile 200 can be sequentially transmitted to the screwing part 340 and the plug 310, and the plug 310 further transmits the force to the soil layer or rock layer, so that the pile 200 is not easily damaged by tilting, thereby realizing support and reinforcement. The stable anchoring performance can effectively resist soil pressure and prevent slope sliding. The arrangement of the annular block 324 and the grouting hole 322 enables the grouting hole 322 to be injected into the space defined by the two annular blocks 324, thereby realizing multi-position grouting, enabling the grout to be injected into the space defined by the two annular blocks 324, ensuring the anchoring effect, improving the friction between the plug 310 and the soil layer through uniform distribution of the grout during the grouting process, thereby enhancing the pullout resistance of the anchoring structure and improving the long-term stability of the anchoring structure.

[0047] The baffle 400 is vertically arranged and clamped between two adjacent piles 200.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the tunnel construction support structure realizes the close connection between the base 100 and the pile 200 by pre-embedding the protruding prestressed tendon bundle 110 in the base 100 and making it pass through the vertical reserved hole 220 of the pile 200. The overall strength of the support structure is enhanced, and the anti-deformation ability of the support structure is effectively improved through the tensioning effect of the prestressed tendon bundle 110. The pile 200 is composed of a plurality of vertically arranged and stacked pile blocks 210, and this modular design makes the installation and disassembly of the pile 200 more convenient. Construction personnel can quickly stack the pile blocks 210 one by one, greatly reducing the installation time and improving the construction efficiency. The center of the insertion rod 310 in the anchoring assembly 300 is provided with a grouting channel 320, the wall of the insertion part 321 is provided with a grouting hole 322 and a protruding annular block 324, and when grouting, the grout can be uniformly filled around the insertion rod 310 through the grouting hole 322 to form a firm anchoring body. The annular block 324 further enhances the anchoring effect and prevents the insertion rod 310 from displacing under stress, thereby significantly improving the stability of the support structure. Through the synergistic effect of the prestressed tendon bundle 110, the pile 200, the anchoring assembly 300 and the baffle 400, the support structure of the present application can effectively resist the deformation and pressure of the surrounding rock during the construction process, significantly reducing the risk of failure of the support structure, thereby ensuring the safety of the construction personnel.

[0049] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments of the present application, the pile block 210 is provided with a first upper surface 230 and a second upper surface 240 with a height difference at the upper end, and a first lower surface 250 and a second lower surface 260 with a height difference at the lower end. The first upper surface 230 and the second upper surface 240 are connected by a first vertical surface 231, and the first lower surface 250 and the second lower surface 260 are connected by a second vertical surface 251. The pile blocks 210 are vertically arranged and stacked. The first lower surface 250, the second lower surface 260, and the second vertical surface 251 of the upper pile block 210 are respectively attached to the first upper surface 230, the second upper surface 240, and the first vertical surface 231 of the lower adjacent pile block 210. The first upper surface 230 and the first lower surface 250 that are attached to each other, and the second upper surface 240 and the second lower surface 260 that are attached to each other are concave-convex matched. The first upper surface 230 is higher than the second upper surface 240 and is located in front of the second upper surface 240, so that the first vertical surface 231 faces the rear. The first lower surface 250 is higher than the second lower surface 260 and is located in front of the second lower surface 260, so that the second vertical surface 251 faces the front. In this way, the soil pressure applied from the rear to the front can be effectively transmitted through the attachment of the first vertical surface 231 and the second vertical surface 251. The pile block 210 uses the height difference matching of the upper and lower surfaces and the concave-convex matching of the upper and lower surfaces to form a concave-convex matching structure with multiple contact surfaces. When the adjacent pile blocks 210 are stacked, not only are they fixed longitudinally by the prestressed steel tendon 110, but also the horizontal force is transmitted through the concave-convex matching of the first upper surface 230 and the first lower surface 250, the concave-convex matching of the second upper surface 240 and the second lower surface 260, and the attachment of the first vertical surface 231 and the second vertical surface 251. This effectively disperses stress concentration, improves the ability and strength of the wall to resist the slope thrust, and also ensures the accuracy of the alignment during stacking, reduces construction errors, and facilitates quick assembly with modular design, reducing the difficulty of on-site operation.

[0050] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments of the present application, the first upper surface 230 is provided with a first positioning groove 232, and the first lower surface 250 is provided with a first positioning protrusion 252 matched with the first positioning groove 232, and the first positioning protrusion 252 of the upper pile block 210 is embedded into the first positioning groove 232 of the lower adjacent pile block 210. The second upper surface 240 is provided with a second positioning groove 241, and the second lower surface 260 is provided with a second positioning protrusion 261 matched with the second positioning groove 241, and the second positioning protrusion 261 of the upper pile block 210 is embedded into the second positioning groove 241 of the lower adjacent pile block 210. The concave-convex matching of the first upper surface 230 and the first lower surface 250 is realized by embedding the first positioning protrusion 252 into the first positioning groove 232, and the concave-convex matching of the second upper surface 240 and the second lower surface 260 is realized by embedding the second positioning protrusion 261 into the second positioning groove 241, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and the stacking stability between the adjacent pile blocks 210. Specifically, the vertical reserved hole 220 is provided with a plurality of holes and is arranged to extend downward from the bottom wall of the first positioning groove 232 and the second positioning groove 241.

[0051] With reference to Figure 5 And Figure 6 In further embodiments of the present application, the first vertical surface 231 is provided with a first anchoring hole 233, and the second vertical surface 251 is provided with a second anchoring hole 253, and the second anchoring hole 253 of the upper pile block 210 is aligned and communicated with the second anchoring hole 253 of the lower adjacent pile block 210 to form a through anchoring hole 201. The first anchoring hole 233 penetrates the side wall of the first positioning groove 232, and the second anchoring hole 253 penetrates the first positioning protrusion 252, so that the insertion rod 310 passes through the first anchoring hole 233 and the second anchoring hole 253, which is equivalent to passing through two adjacent pile blocks 210 at the same time, thereby further improving the stacking connection stability of the pile blocks 210.

[0052] With reference to Figure 5 And Figure 6 In some embodiments of the present application, a corrugated steel pipe 270 is pre-embedded in the vertical reserved hole 220 for the pre-stressed tendon 110 to pass through, and the bottom of the pre-embedded corrugated steel pipe 270 of the upper pile block 210 is inserted into the pre-embedded corrugated steel pipe 270 of the lower adjacent pile block 210, thereby improving the stacking stability of the pile blocks 210, and the corrugated steel pipe can also improve the bending and shearing resistance, thereby improving the structural strength and connection strength of the pile blocks 210. It can be understood that the inner diameter of the corrugated steel pipe 270 is larger than the pre-stressed tendon 110, so as to leave a gap for convenient installation, and after installation, grouting can be performed in the gap to eliminate the gap and improve the connection stability.

[0053] With reference to Figure 4 And Figure 7In some embodiments of the present application, the pile block 210 is provided with a slot 211 on both sides, and the baffle 400 is embedded in the corresponding slot 211 on both sides, and the upper end of the slot 211 and the baffle 400 is inclined backward, that is, the upper end of the baffle 400 is inclined to the direction of the rock-soil that needs to be supported. By embedding the baffle 400 on both sides into the corresponding slot 211, the stable installation of the baffle 400 is realized. The upper end of the baffle 400 is farther away from the tunnel arch structure than the lower end, and the backward inclination of the upper end of the baffle 400 can better resist the rock-soil and prevent the rock-soil from running upward. The filler 500 is clamped between the upper and lower adjacent baffles 400 to eliminate the gap between the upper and lower adjacent baffles 400 caused by the inclination of the baffle 400. The filler 500 includes a pressing block 510, a bearing block 520 and a connecting block 530, the pressing block 510 is pressed on the upper end of the lower baffle 400 of the corresponding two adjacent baffles 400, the bearing block 520 is attached to the bottom of the upper baffle 400, and the connecting block 530 is connected to the pressing block 510 and the bearing block 520 at both ends; by pressing the upper end of the lower baffle 400 with the pressing block 510, attaching the bottom of the upper baffle 400 with the bearing block 520, and connecting the pressing block 510 and the bearing block 520 at both ends of the connecting block 530, the filler 500 is stably clamped between the two adjacent baffles 400, and the installation stability of the filler 500 is improved. In order to realize soil drainage, the baffle 400 is provided with a water passing hole 410 at the bottom, and the end of the bearing block 520 away from the pressing block 510 is provided with an upward extending baffle 540. The baffle 540, the bearing block 520 and the connecting block 530 form a water collecting groove, and the bottom of the bearing block 520 can be provided with a hole position, so as to concentrate the water downward, and the hole position on the lowermost bearing block 520 can be connected with a drainage pipe, so as to drain the seepage water to the drainage system of the tunnel.

[0054] The baffle 540 is provided with an auxiliary support block 550 extending upward, which is used to support the upper adjacent filler 500. So that during installation, the filler 500 can be supported in multiple positions by the lower baffle 400 and the auxiliary support block 550, improving the stability of placement. And the bottom of the lowermost filler 500 can be provided with a support foot 560 to realize the support stability during self placement. It can be understood that the baffle 400 can be provided with corresponding hole positions to drain water, so as to reduce the amount of water in the soil layer, and the upper surface of the bearing block 520 is inclined to the left or right side or the bearing block 520 is provided with some drainage holes to drain the seepage water. In addition, when the supporting structure is used for the slope retaining wall supporting of the open road surface, there is space between the baffle 540 and the baffle 400, which can be filled with soil to plant plants, so as to realize the plant wall, improve the greening and space utilization rate, and improve the application range and functional diversity of the supporting structure.

[0055] Referring to Figures 8 to 11 In some embodiments of the present application, the annular block 324 is movably provided with a clamping piece 350, and the clamping piece 350 has a retracted state and an expanded state; as Figure 9As shown, the clamping pieces 350 in the retracted state do not protrude beyond the outer periphery of the annular block 324, so as not to affect the smooth embedding of the annular block 324 into the anchor hole 201 and the anchor hole 103; as shown Figure 10 As shown, the clamping pieces 350 in the expanded state protrude beyond the outer periphery of the annular block 324, so that the clamping pieces 350 are expanded to tightly clamp the anchor hole 103, so as to be in close contact with the inner wall of the anchor hole 103, thereby improving the stability after the insertion of the insertion rod 310, so that the position of the insertion rod 310 is relatively stable during grouting, and the insertion rod 310 cannot move forward and backward at will. Through the switching between the retracted state and the expanded state, the clamping pieces 350 can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to the needs of different installation steps. The annular block 324 is provided with a mounting allowance 326, the clamping pieces 350 are embedded in the mounting allowance 326, and the clamping pieces 350 and the side wall of the mounting allowance 326 are provided with corresponding hole positions to realize hinging through a hinge shaft; the clamping pieces 350 are rotatably movable to realize the switching between the retracted state and the expanded state. The clamping pieces 350 are arranged around a plurality of positions to realize multi-position clamping.

[0056] The mounting allowance 326 is provided with a first limiting wall 327, and when the clamping pieces 350 are in contact with the first limiting wall 327, the clamping pieces 350 are in the retracted state, and the outer periphery of the clamping pieces 350 in the retracted state is flush with the outer periphery of the annular block 324; so as to avoid the protrusion of the clamping pieces 350 beyond the outer periphery of the annular block 324 while the clamping pieces 350 are in the retracted state, and the clamping pieces 350 can also be in contact with the inner wall of the anchor hole 103 as much as possible, so that when the insertion rod 310 is pulled out of the anchor hole 103, the friction between the inner wall of the anchor hole 103 and the clamping pieces 350 will drive the clamping pieces 350 to switch to the expanded state, thereby increasing the contact pressure with the inner wall of the anchor hole 103, realizing the expansion of the clamping, thereby preventing the insertion rod 310 from being pulled out of the anchor hole 103; of course, it is not necessary for all clamping pieces 350 to work, and it is not necessary for the clamping pieces 350 to be completely expanded to the expanded state, but only part of the clamping pieces 350 can move towards the expanded state, so that the clamping pieces 350 can be tightly clamped outwardly in the anchor hole 103. It can be understood that the outer periphery diameter of the annular block 324 is adapted to the anchor hole 103 or the diameter of the annular block 324 is slightly smaller than the anchor hole 103, so as to improve the smoothness of the embedding of the annular block 324 into the anchor hole 103. The mounting allowance 326 is provided with a second limiting wall 328, and when the clamping pieces 350 are in contact with the second limiting wall 328, the clamping pieces 350 are in the expanded state, so as to abut and limit the clamping pieces 350 in the expanded state, so that the clamping pieces 350 can be in contact with the second limiting wall 328 after reaching the expanded state, and cannot continue to rotate, and can maintain the expanded state. In the specific embodiment of the present application, one end of the clamping piece 350 is provided with a sharp corner part 351, and the sharp corner part 351 in the expanded state protrudes beyond the outer periphery of the annular block 324, so that the sharp corner part 351 is conveniently embedded in the soil around the wall of the anchor hole 103, thereby realizing the position fixation of the insertion rod 310, so that the insertion rod 310 cannot be pulled out of the anchor hole 103 at will.

[0057] As shown,Figure 9 As shown, the outer peripheral edge of the rear side of the annular block 324 is provided with a chamfer 325, thereby improving the smoothness of insertion into the anchor hole, reducing the insertion resistance, and facilitating construction.

[0058] Referring to Figure 2 The screwing member 340 and the pile 200 are provided with a pressing block 330, the rear side of the pressing block 330 is provided with a positioning cylinder 332 embedded in the anchor hole 201, and the positioning cylinder 332 is embedded in the anchor hole 201, thereby achieving accurate installation and positioning of the pressing block 330, so that when the pressing block 330 is attached to the wall, the position is accurate and stable, and the pressing block can increase the contact area with the pile 200 and disperse the force. The pressing block 330 is provided with a through hole 331 for the insertion rod 310 to pass through. Since the diameter of the insertion rod 310 (especially the diameter of the threaded section) is smaller than the anchor hole 201, the insertion rod 310 is unstable after being inserted into the anchor hole 201 and is prone to deflection. However, by embedding the positioning cylinder 332 into the anchor hole 201 and cooperating the screwing member 340 with the pressing block 330, the deflection of the insertion rod 310 can be effectively reduced, so that the insertion rod 310 is as centered as possible, thereby achieving a certain centering effect. The annular block 324 also has a similar effect, so that there is a relatively uniform annular gap between the wall of the anchor hole 103 and the insertion part 321 for grouting. In a specific embodiment of the present application, the through hole 331 on the front side of the pressing block 330 is a tapered hole that converges backward, and the screwing member 340 is provided with a tapered portion 341 that is adapted to the through hole 331. The front end of the tapered portion 341 is connected to a polygonal protrusion 342. Thereby, it is convenient to twist the screwing member 340 with a tool, thereby facilitating installation.

[0059] The present application also provides a tunnel structure, which comprises a tunnel construction support structure for providing stable support for the tunnel and ensuring the safety of the tunnel.

[0060] Referring to Figure 12 The present application also provides a tunnel construction method for constructing a tunnel structure, which comprises steps S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6.

[0061] S1, a plurality of pile foundation holes 101 are formed in the soil layer outside the tunnel preset contour 102, the plurality of pile foundation holes 101 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, a steel reinforcement cage is pre-buried in each pile foundation hole 101, the steel reinforcement cage is provided with a prestressed steel tendon 110 extending upward, and the prestressed steel tendon 110 is usually fixed to the steel reinforcement cage by welding or binding. A base 100 is formed by pouring at the bottom of the pile foundation hole 101, and part of the prestressed steel tendon 110 extends out of the upper end of the base 100; during pouring, in order to ensure the stability of the relative positions of the plurality of prestressed steel tendons 110, a positioning plate can be provided, the positioning plate is provided with a plurality of positioning holes for the plurality of prestressed steel tendons 110 to pass through, so that after pouring, the relative positions of the plurality of prestressed steel tendons 110 are accurate, which facilitates subsequent installation of the pile block 210.

[0062] S2, pile blocks 210 are stacked on the base 100 to form pile columns 200, and fender plates 400 are installed between pile blocks 210 of adjacent pile columns 200 corresponding in height; the pile blocks 210 are provided with vertical reserved holes 220 to be sleeved on the prestressed steel bars 110; the vertical reserved holes 220 are grouted, and the prestressed steel bars 110 are vertically tensioned; and the fender plates 400 are installed between adjacent pile blocks 210. It can be understood that the fender plates 400 corresponding in height need to be installed after the installation of adjacent pile blocks 210 is completed, and only after the installation of the fender plates 400 is completed, the pile blocks 210 located above can be installed, so that the installation of the pile blocks 210 above does not affect the installation of the fender plates 400 below.

[0063] S3, the rock and soil on the side of the pile column 200 away from the tunnel preset contour 102 is drilled along the anchor passing hole 201 on the pile column 200 to form an anchor inserting hole 103, so that when the anchor inserting hole 103 is aligned with the anchor passing hole 201, it is convenient for subsequent insertion of the anchoring assembly.

[0064] S4, the anchoring assembly 300 is inserted into the anchor passing hole 201 and the anchor inserting hole 103, and grouting is performed into the anchor inserting hole 103.

[0065] S5, a tunnel body 104 corresponding to the tunnel preset contour 102 is formed by construction.

[0066] S6, the space between the tunnel body 104 and the pile column 200 and the fender plate 400 is backfilled.

[0067] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the corrugated steel pipe 270 is pre-buried in the vertical reserved hole 220. Step S2 includes: sequentially installing the pile blocks 210, and when the pile blocks 210 are installed, the corrugated steel pipe 270 on the pile block 210 is aligned with the prestressed steel bar 110, and the pile block 210 is lowered to make the corrugated steel pipe 270 sleeved on the prestressed steel bar 110; when the pile blocks 210 are stacked up and down, the first lower surface 250, the second lower surface 260, and the second vertical surface 251 of the bottom of the pile block 210 above are respectively attached to the first upper surface 230, the second upper surface 240, and the first vertical surface 231 of the top of the pile block 210 below; and the first upper surface 230 and the first lower surface 250 attached to each other and the second upper surface 240 and the second lower surface 260 attached to each other are concave-convex matched, and after the pile block 210 is installed, grouting can be performed into the corrugated steel pipe 270 to improve the tightness of the connection.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, the anchoring assembly 300 includes an insertion rod 310, a pressing block 330, and a screwing piece 340.

[0069] Step S4 specifically includes steps S41, S42, S43, and S44.

[0070] S41, insert the inserting rod 310 into the anchor hole 201 and the anchor hole 103, so that the inserting part 321 of the inserting rod 310 is inserted into the anchor hole 103, and the threaded segment 323 of the inserting rod 310 is partially extended out of the side of the pile 200 which is away from the anchor hole 103. After the inserting rod 310 is inserted, the inserting rod 310 is pulled back, so that the clamping part 350 is switched from the folded state to the expanded state, and the clamping part 350 clamps the wall of the anchor hole 103; the clamping part 350 in the folded state does not protrude out of the outer periphery of the annular block 324, and the clamping part 350 in the expanded state protrudes out of the outer periphery of the annular block 324.

[0071] S42, the pressing block 330 is sleeved on the inserting rod 310 and is attached to the pile 200.

[0072] S43, grout is poured into the grouting channel 320 in the inserting rod 310, and the grout fills the gap between the inserting part 321 and the anchor hole 103 through the grout outlet hole 322 in the wall of the inserting part 321.

[0073] S44, after the grout is solidified, the screwing part 340 is installed on the threaded segment 323, so that the screwing part 340 abuts against the pressing block 330.

[0074] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction support structure, characterized in that, include: The base (100) has a prestressed steel bar bundle (110) protruding from the upper end of the base (100). The pile column (200), supported by the base (100), is arranged along the tunnel extension direction and is provided with through anchor holes (201). The pile column (200) includes multiple pile blocks (210) arranged vertically and stacked. The pile block (210) is provided with vertical reserved holes (220) for prestressed steel bar bundles (110) to pass through. An anchoring assembly (300) includes a rod (310) inserted through an anchor hole (201). The rod (310) has a grouting channel (320) at its center. The rod (310) has an insertion part (321) and a threaded section (323) connected to the end of the insertion part (321). The insertion part (321) has a grout outlet hole (322) on its peripheral wall. The insertion part (321) has a raised annular block (324) on its peripheral wall. The annular block (324) and the grout outlet hole (322) are arranged along the length of the insertion part (321). The threaded section (323) extends out of the pile (200) and is connected to a screwing component (340). The screwing component (340) and the annular block (324) are located on both sides of the pile (200). Baffles (400) are arranged vertically and sandwiched between two adjacent piles (200); The pile block (210) has slots (211) on both sides, and the baffle (400) is embedded in the corresponding slots (211) on both sides. The upper ends of the slots (211) and the baffle (400) are inclined backward. A filler (500) is sandwiched between the upper and lower adjacent baffles (400). The filler (500) includes a pressure block (510), a bearing block (520) and a connecting block (530). The pressure block (510) presses on the upper end of the lower baffle (400) of the two adjacent baffles (400). The bearing block (520) fits against the bottom of the upper baffle (400). The two ends of the connecting block (530) are connected to the pressure block (510) and the bearing block (520) respectively.

2. The tunnel construction support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pile block (210) has a first upper surface (230) and a second upper surface (240) with a height difference at its upper end, and a first lower surface (250) and a second lower surface (260) with a height difference at its lower end. The first upper surface (230) and the second upper surface (240) are connected by a first vertical surface (231), and the first lower surface (250) and the second lower surface (260) are connected by a second vertical surface (251). The pile blocks (210) are arranged vertically and stacked. The first lower surface (250), the second lower surface (260), and the second vertical surface (251) of the upper pile block (210) are respectively attached to the first upper surface (230), the second upper surface (240), and the first vertical surface (231) of the lower adjacent pile block (210). The first upper surface (230) and the first lower surface (250) and the second upper surface (240) and the second lower surface (260) that are attached to each other are in concave-convex fit.

3. The tunnel construction support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first vertical surface (231) is provided with a first anchor hole (233), and the second vertical surface (251) is provided with a second anchor hole (253). The second anchor hole (253) of the upper pile block (210) is aligned and connected with the second anchor hole (253) of the lower adjacent pile block (210) to form a through anchor hole (201).

4. The tunnel construction support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the baffle (400) is provided with a water passage hole (410), and the bearing block (520) is provided with an upwardly extending baffle (540) at one end facing away from the pressure block (510).

5. The tunnel construction support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The baffle (540) is provided with an upwardly extending auxiliary support block (550) for supporting the adjacent filler (500) above.

6. A tunnel structure, characterized in that, Includes the tunnel construction support structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A tunnel construction method for constructing the tunnel structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Multiple pile foundation holes (101) are excavated in the soil layer outside the pre-defined contour (102) of the tunnel to form multiple pile foundation holes (101). Multiple pile foundation holes (101) are arranged at intervals along the tunnel extension direction. Reinforcing cages are pre-embedded in the pile foundation holes (101). The reinforcing cages are provided with prestressed steel bars (110) extending upward. The bottom of the pile foundation holes (101) is cast to form a base (100), and the prestressed steel bars (110) partially extend out of the upper end of the base (100). S2, stack pile blocks (210) on the base (100) to form pile columns (200), and install baffles (400) between pile blocks (210) of corresponding heights of adjacent pile columns (200); the pile blocks (210) are provided with vertical reserved holes (220) to fit on the prestressed steel strands (110); grout is injected into the vertical reserved holes (220) and the prestressed steel strands (110) are vertically tensioned; and baffles (400) are installed between adjacent pile blocks (210). S3, Drill holes in the rock and soil on the side of the pile (200) facing away from the tunnel pre-designed outline (102) along the anchor hole (201) on the pile (200) to form the anchor hole (103). S4, insert the anchoring component (300) into the through anchor hole (201) and the insertion anchor hole (103), and grout into the insertion anchor hole (103); S5, the construction forms a tunnel body corresponding to the pre-set tunnel outline (102); S6, backfill the space between the tunnel body and the piles (200) and the baffle (400).

8. The tunnel construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that, A corrugated steel pipe (270) is pre-embedded in the vertical reserved hole (220); Step S2 includes: Install pile blocks (210) sequentially. When installing pile blocks (210), align the corrugated steel pipe (270) on the pile block (210) with the prestressed steel bar bundle (110) and lower the pile block (210) so that the corrugated steel pipe (270) is fitted onto the prestressed steel bar bundle (110). When the pile blocks (210) are stacked up and down, the first lower surface (250), the second lower surface (260), and the second vertical surface (251) of the bottom of the upper pile block (210) respectively fit with the first upper surface (230), the second upper surface (240), and the first vertical surface (231) of the top of the adjacent pile block (210) below. The first upper surface (230) and the first lower surface (250) that fit with each other, and the second upper surface (240) and the second lower surface (260) that fit with each other are in a concave-convex fit.

9. The tunnel construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The anchoring assembly (300) includes a plug (310), a pressing block (330), and a screwing component (340). Step S4 specifically includes: S41, insert the rod (310) into the through-anchor hole (201) and the anchor hole (103), so that the insertion part (321) of the rod (310) is inserted into the anchor hole (103), and the threaded section (323) of the rod (310) extends out of the pile (200) on the side facing away from the anchor hole (103); S42, the pressure block (330) is fitted onto the insert rod (310) and made to fit against the pile (200); S43, Grouting is injected into the grouting channel (320) inside the insert rod (310), and the grout fills the gap between the insert part (321) and the anchor hole (103) through the grout outlet hole (322) on the periphery of the insert part (321); S44, after the slurry solidifies, install the screwing part (340) on the threaded section (323) so that the screwing part (340) abuts against the pressing block (330).

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