Large mining high roadway type filling body-frame combined bearing structure and mounting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mine supporting and filling, and particularly discloses a large mining high roadway type filling body-frame combined bearing structure and an installation method.The large mining high roadway type filling body-frame combined bearing structure comprises a bearing structure body, an adjusting assembly, a protective net and a connecting assembly; the bearing structure comprises a plurality of transverse supports and side supports used for connecting the transverse supports, the side supports are arranged at the two ends of the transverse supports, the adjusting assemblies are installed at one ends of the transverse supports, and the protective nets are fixedly installed on the side supports; the top ends of the connecting assemblies are used for being connected with roof anchor rod heads at the corresponding positions, and the bottom ends of the connecting assemblies are fixedly connected with the cross braces. The bearing structure and the mounting method are simple and efficient, the stability of the side wall of the mined branch roadway coal pillar and the side wall of the filling body can be improved, the deformation resistance of the filling body can also be improved when the bearing structure is poured in the filling body, and safe, efficient and rapid stoping of the branch roadway is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine support and filling, and in particular to a large-mining-height lane-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The longwall tunnel-by-tunnel cemented filling mining process is a method in which branch tunnels are arranged between the transport tunnel and the return air tunnel of the longwall working face for coal mining and filling. The mining branch tunnels and the filling branch tunnels are arranged at intervals. After coal mining, filling is carried out, and then coal is mined close to the filling body. The cycle is carried out in sequence, and coal mining and filling are carried out in parallel to realize the continuous coal mining and filling method of "coal digging in tunnels and filling in tunnels" on the working face.

[0003] Existing branch tunnel support technologies ensure safety through bolting and cable support of the surrounding rock in the roof, but lack effective solutions for controlling the stability of the sides of excessively high branch tunnels. Conventional support methods fail to address the dual requirements of temporary support for the coal pillar and long-term reinforcement of the backfill. Consequently, repeated support of the backfill side is required during excavation of adjacent branch tunnels, increasing material consumption and extending the construction period. Bolting and cable support on the coal wall side also affects the mining efficiency of the coal pillar. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large mining height lane-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure and installation method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a large mining height tunnel-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure, comprising:

[0006] A bearing structure, the bearing structure is used to support the two sides of the tunnel; the bearing structure includes a plurality of cross braces and side braces for connecting the cross braces, the side braces are provided at both ends of the cross braces;

[0007] An adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly being mounted on one end of the cross brace and used to enable the bearing structure to support the two sides of the tunnel;

[0008] A protective net, which is fixedly mounted on the side supports and is used to prevent the filling and coal bodies on both sides of the roadway from collapsing;

[0009] The connecting assembly is arranged at both ends of the upper cross brace, the top end of the connecting assembly is used to connect with the top plate anchor rod head at the corresponding position, and the bottom end of the connecting assembly is connected and fixed to the cross brace.

[0010] Preferably, the cross brace includes a steel pipe and connecting ribs provided at both ends of the steel pipe, the connecting ribs are provided with threads, and the side braces and the adjustment assembly are both installed on the cross brace through nuts and the connecting ribs.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting bars are steel bar 1 and steel bar 2, the length of steel bar 1 is 150 mm to 250 mm, and the length of steel bar 2 is 50 mm to 150 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a sleeve, one end of which is fixedly connected to a nut, and the sleeve is threadedly connected to the steel bar 1 through the nut.

[0013] Preferably, the sleeve is composed of a plurality of steel bars arranged along the circumferential direction.

[0014] Preferably, the protective net is a steel mesh, the side supports are steel bars, and the steel mesh is fixedly connected to the steel bars by iron wire.

[0015] Preferably, the steel bars include frame steel bars and diagonal steel bars, both ends of the frame steel bars and the diagonal steel bars are provided with holes for connecting with the cross braces, and the middle of the diagonal steel bars is provided with holes for connecting multiple diagonal steel bars.

[0016] Preferably, the steel mesh is composed of a plurality of longitudinal steel bars and a plurality of transverse steel bars arranged crosswise, and the intersections of the longitudinal steel bars and the transverse steel bars are fixed by resistance spot welding.

[0017] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a hook head, a hook connector and a pipe clamp;

[0018] The upper portion of the hook head is provided with a bolt hole connected to the top plate anchor rod head;

[0019] The upper portion of the hook connector is an annular structure, which is used to connect with the hook head, and the lower portion of the hook connector is provided with a through hole for connecting with the pipe clamp;

[0020] The pipe clamp includes two square plates, the middle of the square plates is provided with an arc structure for connecting the cross brace, the top and bottom of the square plates are provided with through holes for connecting the two square plates, and the two square plates are connected and fixed by bolts and nuts.

[0021] The present invention provides a method for installing a large-mining-height lane-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. Connect the four hook heads to the corresponding top plate anchor heads using the bolt holes. Hang the hook connector on the lower part of the hook head and seal the opening of the hook head with wire. Then, connect the pipe clamp to the lower part of the hook connector using bolts and nuts.

[0023] S2. Connect the upper horizontal brace of the load-bearing structure to the pipe clamp using bolts and nuts;

[0024] S3. Pass the steel bars in the cross brace through the frame bars, diagonal bars, nuts, and sleeves with nuts in sequence, and then fix the middle of the diagonal bars with bolts and nuts;

[0025] S4. Pass the second steel bar in the horizontal brace through the frame bar, diagonal bar and nut in sequence, tighten the nut to clamp the bar, and then connect the lower horizontal brace;

[0026] S5. Use wire to fix the steel mesh to the steel bars on both end surfaces of the load-bearing structure;

[0027] S6. By rotating the sleeve, adjust the relative position of the sleeve and the cross brace so that the bearing structure fits tightly against both sides of the tunnel, ensuring the stress distribution of the support system and forming a stable pressure-bearing structure, thus completing the installation of the filling body-frame joint bearing structure.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0029] 1. The large-scale high-alley filling body-frame joint bearing structure is pre-placed in the critical area between the coal pillar and the filling body before the branch lane is filled, which can greatly improve the stability of the side walls of the coal pillar and the filling body of the branch lane.

[0030] 2. After the branch tunnel is filled, the large-scale high-alley filling body-frame joint bearing structure is cast in the filling body, which is equivalent to pre-setting tension anchor rods in the filling body, becoming an anti-deformation structure in the filling body and playing a role in reinforcing the filling body.

[0031] 3. The large-mining-height lane-type filling body-frame joint bearing structure transforms the temporary support structure into a permanent reinforcement system for the filling body. When the next adjacent branch lane is excavated, due to the large-mining-height lane-type filling body-frame joint bearing structure in the filling body, special support is no longer required on this side of the filling body. This saves a lot of support materials and construction time, and is conducive to the safe, efficient and rapid mining of the branch lane. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the large-scale mining high-alley type filling body-frame combined bearing structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cross brace of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the connection assembly of the present invention;

[0036] In the figure: 1. Connection assembly; 2. Horizontal brace; 3. Side brace; 4. Sleeve; 5. Steel mesh; 6. Steel pipe; 7. Connecting rib; 8. Hook head; 9. Hook connector; 10. Pipe clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] It should be noted that, unless there is a conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a large mining height lane type filling body-frame combined bearing structure, comprising:

[0039] The bearing structure is used to support the two sides of the tunnel; the bearing structure includes multiple cross braces 2 and side braces 3 for connecting the cross braces 2, and the side braces 3 are arranged at both ends of the cross braces 2;

[0040] An adjustment component is installed at one end of the cross brace 2 and is used to tighten the bearing structure against the two sides of the tunnel;

[0041] The protective net is fixedly installed on the side support 3 and is used to prevent the filling and coal bodies on both sides of the tunnel from collapsing;

[0042] The connecting component 1 is arranged at both ends of the upper cross brace 2. The top end of the connecting component 1 is used to connect with the top plate anchor head at the corresponding position, and the bottom end of the connecting component 1 is connected and fixed to the cross brace 2.

[0043] The large-mining high-altitude laneway-type backfill-frame combined bearing structure provided by the present invention is pre-placed in the critical area between the coal pillar and the backfill before the branch lane is mined. During the mining phase, it serves as an active support system to control deformation of the sides. After backfilling, the backfill-frame combined bearing structure and the cemented backfill are consolidated into a whole, forming a built-in anti-deformation unit that directly improves the backfill's shear resistance. This design transforms the temporary support structure into a permanent backfill reinforcement system, avoiding duplicate support on the backfill side during adjacent branch lane excavation. It also significantly improves the stability of the coal pillar-backfill composite structure through a collaborative bearing mechanism, providing a key technical guarantee for the efficient implementation of the longwall lane-by-lane cemented backfill process.

[0044] According to a further optimized solution, the cross brace 2 includes a steel pipe 6 and connecting ribs 7 arranged at both ends of the steel pipe 6, the connecting ribs 7 are provided with threads, and the side braces 3 and the adjustment components are installed on the cross brace 2 through nuts and the connecting ribs 7.

[0045] According to the further optimized solution, the connecting bars 7 are steel bar 1 and steel bar 2, the length of steel bar 1 is 150mm to 250mm, and the length of steel bar 2 is 50mm to 150mm.

[0046] According to a further optimized solution, the adjustment component includes a sleeve 4, one end of which is fixedly connected to a nut, and the sleeve 4 is threadedly connected to the steel bar 1 through the nut.

[0047] According to a further optimized solution, the sleeve 4 is composed of a plurality of steel bars arranged along the circumferential direction.

[0048] According to a further optimized solution, the protective net is a steel mesh 5, the side supports 3 are steel bars, and the steel mesh 5 is fixedly connected to the steel bars by iron wires.

[0049] According to a further optimization scheme, the steel bars include frame steel bars and diagonal steel bars. Both ends of the frame steel bars and the diagonal steel bars are provided with holes for connecting with the cross braces 2, and the middle of the diagonal steel bars is provided with holes for connecting multiple diagonal steel bars.

[0050] According to a further optimized solution, the steel mesh 5 is composed of a plurality of longitudinal steel bars and a plurality of transverse steel bars arranged crosswise, and the intersections of the longitudinal steel bars and the transverse steel bars are fixed by resistance spot welding.

[0051] According to a further optimized solution, the connection assembly 1 includes a hook head 8, a hook connector 9 and a pipe clamp 10;

[0052] The upper portion of the hook head 8 is provided with a bolt hole connected to the top plate anchor rod head;

[0053] The upper portion of the hook connector 9 is an annular structure for connecting with the hook head 8, and the lower portion of the hook connector 9 is provided with a through hole for connecting with the pipe clamp 10;

[0054] The pipe clamp 10 includes two square plates, the middle of which is provided with an arc structure for connecting the cross brace 2, the top and bottom of the square plates are provided with through holes for connecting the two square plates, and the two square plates are connected and fixed by bolts and nuts.

[0055] Example

[0056] The filling area utilizes longwall cemented backfill, tunnel by tunnel. Each branch tunnel is 78.1m long, 5m wide, and 7.57m high. Due to the thickness of the coal seam, a single mining device cannot mine the entire height in one operation. Mining is divided into two steps: upper layer penetration and lower layer bottom mining. The upper layer mining height is 4.5m, and the lower layer mining height is approximately 3.07m. Existing branch tunnel support technology ensures the safety of the roof surrounding rock through anchor cable support, but lacks an effective solution for controlling the stability of the two sides of branch tunnels with excessive height. This patent addresses the difficulty of controlling the stability of the two sides of branch tunnels with large mining heights by proposing a "combined backfill-frame load-bearing structure." By pre-installing a deformable frame at the interface between the coal pillar and the backfill, this structure acts as active support to control side deformation during the mining phase. After filling, it is consolidated into a whole with the cemented backfill, forming a built-in shear-resistant unit, transforming the temporary support frame into a permanent reinforcement system.

[0057] The above-mentioned large-mining-height lane-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure device is used to support the filling working face. The specific structural dimensions and steps are as follows:

[0058] The design length of the hook in the load-bearing structure is 1500mm.

[0059] The cross brace 2 is made of steel pipe 6 with an outer diameter of Φ40×6mm×4650mm. A Φ34×100mm threaded steel bar is welded to one end of the cross brace 2 steel pipe 6. A Φ34×200mm threaded steel bar is welded to the other end of the cross brace 2 steel pipe 6. A sleeve 4 is placed on the end of the steel bar to adjust its length and provide support. The length of the sleeve 4 is set to 50mm according to the width of the branch lane.

[0060] The two ends of the load-bearing structure are connected by various steel bars. The diagonal bars are 4500mm long, 100mm wide and 3mm thick, while the frame bars are 3000mm long, 100mm wide and 3mm thick.

[0061] The mesh size of steel mesh 5 is 3000mm×3000mm, and the square grid size is 50mm×50mm.

[0062] S1. Connect the four hook heads 8 to the roof anchor heads at the corresponding positions using the bolt holes. Hang the hook connector 9 on the lower part of the hook head 8 and seal the opening of the hook head 8 with wire. Then, connect the pipe clamp 10 to the lower part of the hook connector 9 using bolts and nuts.

[0063] S2. Connect the upper cross brace 2 of the load-bearing structure to the pipe clamp 10 with bolts and nuts;

[0064] S3, the cross brace 2 in the steel bar through the frame bar, diagonal bar, nut and nut sleeve 4, and then use bolts and nuts to fix the middle of the diagonal bar;

[0065] S4, pass the second steel bar in the cross brace 2 through the frame bar, diagonal bar and nut in sequence, tighten the nut to clamp the bar, and then connect the lower cross brace 2;

[0066] S5. Fix the steel mesh 5 to the steel bars with wire on both end surfaces of the bearing structure;

[0067] S6. By rotating the sleeve 4, adjust the relative position of the sleeve 4 and the cross brace 2 so that the bearing structure fits tightly against both sides of the tunnel, ensuring the stress distribution of the support system and forming a stable pressure-bearing structure, thus completing the installation of the filling body-frame combined bearing structure.

[0068] This invention improves the stability of the side walls of the coal pillars and backfill bodies in mining branch lanes. Being cast within the backfill body also enhances the backfill body's deformation resistance, facilitating safe, efficient, and rapid mining of branch lanes. The bearing structure avoids redundant backfill support during excavation of adjacent branch lanes. Furthermore, through a coordinated bearing mechanism, the stability of the coal pillar-backfill composite structure is significantly enhanced, providing a key technical guarantee for the efficient implementation of the longwall cemented backfill process, lane by lane.

[0069] The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large mining height tunnel type filling body-frame combined bearing structure, characterized in that: include: A bearing structure, the bearing structure is used to support both sides of the tunnel; The bearing structure comprises a plurality of transverse braces (2) and side braces (3) for connecting the transverse braces (2), wherein the side braces (3) are arranged at both ends of the transverse braces (2); An adjusting component, the adjusting component being installed at one end of the cross brace (2), and the adjusting component being used to make the bearing structure support the two sides of the tunnel; A protective net, the protective net being fixedly mounted on the side support (3), and the protective net being used to prevent the filling and coal bodies on both sides of the roadway from collapsing; A connecting assembly (1) is provided at both ends of an upper cross brace (2), the top end of the connecting assembly (1) is used to connect to a top plate anchor rod head at a corresponding position, and the bottom end of the connecting assembly (1) is connected and fixed to the cross brace (2).

2. The large mining height tunnel-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross brace (2) comprises a steel pipe (6) and connecting ribs (7) arranged at both ends of the steel pipe (6), wherein the connecting ribs (7) are provided with threads, and the side braces (3) and the adjustment assembly are both mounted on the cross brace (2) via nuts and the connecting ribs (7).

3. The large mining height tunnel-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The connecting bars (7) are respectively steel bar one and steel bar two, the length of the steel bar one is 150 mm to 250 mm, and the length of the steel bar two is 50 mm to 150 mm.

4. The large mining height tunnel-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The adjustment assembly comprises a sleeve (4), one end of the sleeve (4) is fixedly connected to a nut, and the sleeve (4) is threadedly connected to the steel bar 1 through the nut.

5. The large mining height tunnel-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The sleeve (4) is composed of a plurality of steel bars arranged along the circumferential direction.

6. The large mining height tunnel-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The protective net is a steel mesh (5), the side supports (3) are steel bars, and the steel mesh (5) is fixedly connected to the steel bars via iron wires.

7. The large mining height tunnel-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The steel bars include frame steel bars and diagonal steel bars. Both ends of the frame steel bars and the diagonal steel bars are provided with holes for connecting with the cross braces (2). The middle of the diagonal steel bars is provided with holes for connecting multiple diagonal steel bars.

8. The large mining height tunnel-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The steel mesh (5) is composed of a plurality of longitudinal steel bars and a plurality of transverse steel bars arranged crosswise, and the intersections of the longitudinal steel bars and the transverse steel bars are fixed by resistance spot welding.

9. The large mining height tunnel-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting assembly (1) comprises a hook head (8), a hook connector (9) and a pipe clamp (10); The upper portion of the hook head (8) is provided with a bolt hole connected to the top plate anchor rod head; The upper portion of the hook connector (9) is an annular structure, and the annular structure is used to connect with the hook head (8). The lower portion of the hook connector (9) is provided with a through hole for connecting with the pipe clamp (10); The pipe clamp (10) comprises two square plates, wherein an arc-shaped structure for connecting the cross brace (2) is provided in the middle of the square plates, through holes for connecting the two square plates are provided at the top and bottom of the square plates, and the two square plates are connected and fixed by bolts and nuts.

10. The installation method of a large mining height tunnel-type filling body-frame combined bearing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Connect the four hook heads (8) to the top plate anchor heads at corresponding positions using the bolt holes, hang the hook connector (9) on the lower part of the hook head (8), seal the opening of the hook head (8) with a wire, and then connect the pipe clamp (10) to the lower part of the hook connector (9) using bolts and nuts; S2. Connect the upper cross brace (2) of the load-bearing structure to the pipe clamp (10) using bolts and nuts; S3, pass the steel bar in the cross brace (2) through the frame bar, diagonal bar, nut and sleeve with nut (4) in sequence, and then fix the middle part of the diagonal bar with bolts and nuts; S4, pass the second steel bar in the cross brace (2) through the frame bar, diagonal bar and nut in sequence, tighten the nut to clamp the bar, and then connect the lower cross brace (2); S5. Fix the steel mesh (5) to the steel bars on both end surfaces of the bearing structure with iron wires; S6. By rotating the sleeve (4), the relative position of the sleeve (4) and the cross brace (2) is adjusted so that the bearing structure fits closely to both sides of the tunnel, ensuring the stress distribution of the support system and forming a stable pressure-bearing structure, thus completing the installation of the filling body-frame combined bearing structure.

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