High-vacuum heat insulation type gas low-temperature liquefaction storage multi-layer container
Through the design of three-layer nested container structure and spiral heat exchange coil, the problems of low liquefaction efficiency and insufficient insulation performance of low-temperature liquefaction equipment are solved, and efficient, safe and compact low-temperature liquefaction storage is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510504775.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-12
AI Technical Summary
The existing low-temperature liquefaction equipment has low liquefaction efficiency, thermal insulation performance bottlenecks and space utilization. Traditional external heat exchangers require additional cold sources, and the equipment integration is insufficient.
It adopts a three-layer nested container structure, including an outer vacuum insulation layer, an intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer and an inner container. The inner container is suspended in liquid nitrogen, and the countercurrent heat exchange of gaseous media is achieved through a spiral heat exchange coil. The intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer provides low temperature cooling and leakage prevention buffer, and the outer vacuum insulation layer provides double insulation barrier.
It improves liquefaction efficiency, optimizes thermal insulation performance, enhances safety, reduces the equipment footprint, and realizes compact low-temperature liquefaction storage.
Smart Images
Figure CN120466565A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of liquefaction storage, and in particular to a high vacuum thermal insulation type gas low temperature liquefaction storage multi-layer container. Background Art
[0002] Existing cryogenic pressure vessels generally adopt a vacuum insulation double-layer structure, that is, there is a high vacuum insulation layer between the outer and inner containers, and the inner container is a low-temperature medium storage space. At the same time, traditional cryogenic liquefaction heat exchange devices require additional cold sources and installation space, with low heat exchange efficiency and low equipment integration.
[0003] Certain specific working conditions, such as BOG liquefaction recovery in large storage tanks, cryogenic liquefaction recovery of special gases in industrial equipment, or safe liquefied gas storage for specialized equipment, require the use of low-temperature gas liquefaction and storage equipment. However, these devices often have low liquefaction efficiency, and traditional external heat exchangers require additional cold sources, limiting heat exchange efficiency. There are also insulation performance bottlenecks. Single-layer vacuum insulation has a bottleneck in small and medium-sized containers. The liquefied recovery medium is subject to secondary vaporization and is difficult to meet the requirements of long-term storage at low temperatures. Space utilization is low, and independently installed heat exchangers occupy external space, resulting in insufficient container integration. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The present invention aims to provide a high vacuum thermal insulation type gas low temperature liquefaction storage multi-layer container to solve the problems of low liquefaction efficiency, thermal insulation performance bottleneck and low space utilization in the prior art.
[0005] The embodiment of the present invention is achieved as follows:
[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a high vacuum thermal insulation type gas low temperature liquefaction storage multi-layer container, which includes a three-layer nested container structure;
[0007] The three-layer nested container structure comprises an outer vacuum insulation layer, an intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, and an inner container suspended inside the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside.
[0008] The outer top end of the inner container is fixedly connected to a lifting structure, and the end of the lifting structure away from the inner container sequentially penetrates the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer and the outer vacuum insulation layer, and the outer vacuum insulation layer and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer are sealed to each other at the connection points with the lifting structure;
[0009] A spiral heat exchange coil immersed in liquid nitrogen is provided on the outer top of the inner container. The inlet of the spiral heat exchange coil is connected to an air inlet pipe. The air inlet pipe sequentially passes through the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer and the outer vacuum insulation layer and is located on the outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer. The outlet of the spiral heat exchange coil is connected to the inner container.
[0010] During use, liquid nitrogen is added to the interior of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer so that the liquid nitrogen submerges the spiral heat exchange coil. The air inlet pipe is externally connected to a gaseous medium source, and the gaseous medium is introduced into the inlet of the spiral heat exchange coil through the air inlet pipe. The gaseous medium circulates in the pipe of the spiral heat exchange coil and performs countercurrent heat exchange with the liquid nitrogen in the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, so that the gaseous medium is rapidly liquefied. The liquefied medium flows into the inner container through the outlet of the spiral heat exchange coil. In the three-layer nested container structure, the outer vacuum insulation layer isolates external heat radiation and convection, providing a first-level insulation barrier. The intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer provides a low-temperature liquefied active cooling source and serves as a second-level leakage prevention buffer layer for the inner container. The hoisting structure allows the inner container to be suspended in the liquid nitrogen in the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, achieving physical isolation and preventing the formation of thermal bridges.
[0011] The high vacuum thermal insulation type multi-layer container for cryogenic liquefaction and storage of gas disclosed in this embodiment comprises, from the outside to the inside, the outer vacuum insulation layer, the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, and the inner container suspended in liquid nitrogen by the hoisting structure. Thus, the outer layer of the outer vacuum insulation layer and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer form double insulation. The liquefied cryogenic medium is stored in the inner container immersed in liquid nitrogen, ensuring a daily evaporation rate of 0.1% or less. Simultaneously, the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer can absorb cryogenic medium leaking from the inner layer, preventing direct impact on the outer vacuum insulation layer. By integrating heat exchange and storage functions, the equipment footprint is reduced, thereby enabling the high vacuum thermal insulation type multi-layer container for cryogenic liquefaction and storage of gas to have the beneficial effects of high liquefaction efficiency, optimized insulation performance, enhanced safety, compact structure, and small footprint.
[0012] Optionally, the spiral heat exchange coil is a coaxial multi-layer spiral structure, and the top of the spiral heat exchange coil is provided with a spiral coil inlet junction, which is connected to the air inlet pipe;
[0013] The bottom end of the spiral heat exchange coil is provided with a spiral coil outlet junction, the outer wall of the inner container is provided with a container connection forging elbow, and a medium input pipe is connected between the container connection forging elbow and the spiral coil outlet junction.
[0014] With this arrangement, the spiral heat exchange coil is completely immersed in the liquid nitrogen in the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer. The total length and spiral pitch of the spiral heat exchange coil are optimized based on the required flow rate, temperature, and efficiency of the target medium liquefaction. The gaseous medium is transported into the spiral heat exchange coil by the air inlet pipe. The gaseous medium inside the spiral heat exchange coil exchanges heat in countercurrent with the liquid nitrogen in the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, thereby rapidly liquefying the gaseous medium. Under the action of gravity, the liquid medium settles to the bottom of the inner container through the spiral coil outlet junction, the medium inlet pipe, and the container connection forging elbow and is stored. The spiral heat exchange coil is immersed in liquid nitrogen, which greatly increases the heat exchange area of the spiral heat exchange coil compared with the traditional design and significantly improves the liquefaction rate.
[0015] Optional: Several spiral coil support fixing plates are evenly installed on the bottom end of the above-mentioned spiral heat exchange coil, and several of the above-mentioned spiral coil support fixing plates are fixedly connected to a head welding pad at one end close to the above-mentioned inner container, and the above-mentioned head welding pad is fixedly connected to the outer top end of the above-mentioned inner container.
[0016] With such arrangement, several of the above-mentioned spiral coil support fixing plates can support the above-mentioned spiral heat exchange coil and be fixed to the top of the above-mentioned inner container through the above-mentioned head welding pad. The above-mentioned head welding pad can disperse the pressure transmitted from the above-mentioned spiral coil support fixing plates, thereby avoiding damage caused by concentrated pressure on the outer top of the above-mentioned inner container.
[0017] Optional: The above-mentioned lifting structure has a hanger spindle tube, one end of the above-mentioned hanger spindle tube passes through the above-mentioned intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer and the above-mentioned outer vacuum insulation layer in sequence, the above-mentioned intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer and the above-mentioned outer vacuum insulation layer are sealedly connected at the connection between the outer wall of the above-mentioned hanger spindle tube, and the other end of the above-mentioned hanger spindle tube is fixedly connected to the outer top end of the above-mentioned inner container.
[0018] With such arrangement, the main shaft tube of the suspender can suspend the inner container in the liquid nitrogen of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, thereby preventing the inner container from directly contacting the inner wall of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer and reducing heat conduction.
[0019] Optionally, one end of the hanger spindle tube is provided with a hanger outer sealing cap, one end of the hanger spindle tube is located inside the hanger outer sealing cap, the hanger outer sealing cap is welded to the outer top wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer, and a plurality of hanger upper reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of one end of the hanger spindle tube, and the plurality of hanger upper reinforcing ribs are fixedly connected to the outer top wall of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer;
[0020] Several hanger lower reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the other end of the above-mentioned hanger main shaft tube, and several of the above-mentioned hanger lower reinforcing ribs are fixedly connected to a hanger welding pad at one end close to the above-mentioned inner container, and the above-mentioned hanger welding pad is fixedly connected to the outer top wall of the above-mentioned inner container.
[0021] With such arrangement, the above-mentioned hanger outer sealing cap can seal one end of the above-mentioned hanger main shaft tube, avoid rainwater accumulation inside the above-mentioned hanger main shaft tube, avoid the above-mentioned hanger main shaft tube being corroded and rusted by rainwater, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the above-mentioned hanger main shaft tube, and several of the above-mentioned hanger upper reinforcing ribs can strengthen the strength of the connection between the above-mentioned hanger main shaft tube and the above-mentioned intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, and several of the above-mentioned hanger lower reinforcing ribs can strengthen the strength of the connection between the above-mentioned hanger main shaft tube and the above-mentioned inner container. The above-mentioned hanger welding pad not only makes the above-mentioned hanger main shaft tube more stable when connected to the above-mentioned inner container, but also plays a role in dispersing force, avoiding the above-mentioned hanger main shaft tube from being subjected to concentrated force on the top of the above-mentioned inner container, and avoiding the above-mentioned inner container from being damaged.
[0022] Optional: A first group of support assemblies and a second group of support assemblies are provided on the outer wall of the inner container, and the first group of support assemblies and the second group of support assemblies are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the inner container along the circumference of the inner container, and the first group of support assemblies and the second group of support assemblies both have support pads, and the support pads are fixedly connected to a support tube at one end away from the inner container, and a support Teflon ring is provided inside the support tube, and the support Teflon ring is pressed against the inner wall of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer.
[0023] With such an arrangement, the first group of support assemblies and the second group of support assemblies can support the inner container when the equipment is transported horizontally. The arrangement of the PTFE support ring allows the inner container to deform radially freely when shrinking at low temperatures and blocks the formation of thermal bridges.
[0024] Optionally, a safety relief pipe and a liquid level gauge are provided at the top of the outer vacuum insulation layer, one end of the safety relief pipe can sealably penetrate the outer vacuum insulation layer and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer in sequence and be connected to the top of the inner container, the safety relief pipe and the inner container are mutually connected, and the other end of the safety relief pipe is fixed to the outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer;
[0025] The detection end of the liquid level gauge can be sealably passed through the outer vacuum insulation layer, the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer and the inner container in sequence;
[0026] The bottom end of the inner container is fixedly connected with a liquid outlet pipe, and one end of the liquid outlet pipe away from the inner container can be sealably passed through the middle liquid nitrogen container layer and the outer vacuum insulation layer in sequence.
[0027] With such an arrangement, the above-mentioned safety relief pipe can discharge the gas in the above-mentioned inner container to avoid accidents caused by excessive internal pressure of the above-mentioned inner container. The above-mentioned liquid level gauge is convenient for real-time monitoring of the liquid level height of the liquid medium inside the above-mentioned inner container, making it convenient for staff to discharge the liquid medium through the above-mentioned liquid outlet pipe.
[0028] Optionally, a liquid nitrogen level gauge pipe and a nitrogen outlet pipe are further provided at the top of the outer vacuum insulation layer. One end of the liquid nitrogen level gauge pipe can be sealably passed through the outer vacuum insulation layer and connected to the inner top of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer. The other end of the liquid nitrogen level gauge pipe is fixed to the outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer.
[0029] One end of the nitrogen outlet pipe can sealably penetrate the outer vacuum insulation layer and be connected to the inner top end of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer. The nitrogen outlet pipe and the interior of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer are mutually connected, and the other end of the nitrogen outlet pipe is fixed to the outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer.
[0030] With such an arrangement, the liquid nitrogen level gauge pipe is convenient for detecting the amount of liquid nitrogen in the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, which is beneficial for the staff to replenish the liquid nitrogen in time according to the situation, ensuring that the liquid nitrogen in the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer always submerges the spiral heat exchange coil, and the nitrogen outlet pipe is convenient for discharging the vaporized nitrogen in the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, avoiding excessive pressure inside the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer.
[0031] Optionally, an intermediate liquid nitrogen container support assembly is provided between the outer vacuum insulation layer and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer. The intermediate liquid nitrogen container support assembly has liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipes, and the liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipes pass through the outer vacuum insulation layer and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer.
[0032] With such an arrangement, the intermediate liquid nitrogen container support assembly facilitates supporting the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, and the liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipes can transport liquid nitrogen to or discharge liquid nitrogen from the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, ensuring that sufficient liquid nitrogen is always maintained inside the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, thereby facilitating heat exchange by the spiral heat exchange coil to form a liquid medium.
[0033] Optionally, an annular inner reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the outer bottom end of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer, an upper supporting tube is provided on the inner ring of the annular inner reinforcing plate, and one end of the upper supporting tube abuts against the outer bottom end of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer;
[0034] An annular outer reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the outer bottom end of the outer vacuum insulation layer, and a lower supporting tube is provided on the inner ring of the annular outer reinforcing plate. One end of the lower supporting tube passes through the outer vacuum insulation layer, and the other end of the upper supporting tube is coaxial with one end of the lower supporting tube and is spaced apart. An epoxy fiberglass supporting tube is provided inside the upper supporting tube and the lower supporting tube, and the epoxy fiberglass supporting tube is sleeved on the liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipes.
[0035] The other end of the lower supporting cylinder is clamped with a supporting cover.
[0036] In this arrangement, the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer is supported at the bottom center of the outer vacuum insulation layer by the upper support tube, the lower support tube, and the epoxy fiberglass support tube. A gap is reserved between the upper support tube and the lower support tube to allow the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer to deform freely in the axial direction when shrinking at low temperatures. The epoxy fiberglass support tube can prevent the formation of thermal bridges.
[0037] Optional: A temperature and pressure sensor is installed on the above-mentioned air intake pipe.
[0038] With such an arrangement, the temperature and pressure sensor can detect the temperature and pressure of the gaseous medium in the intake pipe.
[0039] Optional: The above-mentioned safety relief pipe, the above-mentioned liquid level gauge, the above-mentioned nitrogen outlet pipe and the above-mentioned air inlet pipe are all provided with a first single axial expansion joint on the pipe section close to the outer top wall of the above-mentioned outer vacuum insulation layer, the above-mentioned liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipes are provided with a second single axial expansion joint on the pipe section close to the above-mentioned support cover, and the above-mentioned liquid outlet pipe outside the above-mentioned outer vacuum insulation layer is provided with a third single axial expansion joint.
[0040] With such arrangement, the first single-type axial expansion joint, the second single-type axial expansion joint and the third single-type axial expansion joint can all absorb cold shrinkage displacement, which is beneficial to reducing thermal stress of the pipeline.
[0041] Optionally, a first lifting ear and a second lifting ear are fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer, and the first lifting ear and the second lifting ear are symmetrically distributed.
[0042] With such arrangement, the first lifting eye and the second lifting eye facilitate the lifting of the equipment.
[0043] Optionally, a ladder is provided on the outer side wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer, and the ladder is distributed along the axial extension of the outer vacuum insulation layer.
[0044] Such arrangement enables the staff to climb to the top of the outer vacuum insulation layer through the ladder, making it convenient to connect the first lifting lug and the second lifting lug with the lifting rope when lifting the equipment.
[0045] Optionally: the outer bottom wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer is fixedly connected with a plurality of support legs, and the plurality of support legs are evenly distributed on the outer bottom wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer.
[0046] With such arrangement, the plurality of supporting legs facilitate supporting the container, so that the container remains in an upright position, thereby reducing the occupied area.
[0047] In summary, the high vacuum thermal insulation type gas low temperature liquefaction storage multi-layer container disclosed in the present invention has the beneficial effects of high liquefaction efficiency, optimized thermal insulation performance, enhanced safety, compact structure and small footprint. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0049] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a high vacuum thermal insulation type gas low temperature liquefaction storage multi-layer container according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0050] Figure 2 This is a detailed diagram of the connection of the spiral heat exchange coil in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0051] Figure 3 This is a detailed diagram of the hoisting of the inner container in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0052] Figure 4 A three-dimensional perspective view of a high vacuum thermal insulation type gas cryogenic liquefaction storage multi-layer container according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0053] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first group of support assemblies and the second group of support assemblies in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0054] Figure 6 Detailed view of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container support assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0055] Icons: 1-three-layer nested container structure, 2-outer vacuum insulation layer, 3-middle liquid nitrogen container layer, 4-inner container, 5-hoisting structure, 6-spiral heat exchange coil, 7-air inlet pipe, 8-spiral coil inlet junction, 9-spiral coil outlet junction, 10-container connection forging elbow, 11-medium input pipe, 12-spiral coil support fixing plate, 13-head welding pad, 14-hanging spindle tube, 15-hanging outer sealing cap, 16-hanging upper reinforcement plate, 17-hanging lower reinforcement plate, 18-hanging welding pad, 19-first group of support components, 20-second group of support components, 21-support pad Plate, 22-support tube, 23-support PTFE ring, 24-safety release pipe, 25-liquid level gauge, 26-liquid outlet pipe, 27-liquid nitrogen level gauge pipe, 28-nitrogen outlet pipe, 29-intermediate liquid nitrogen container support assembly, 30-liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipes, 31-annular inner reinforcement plate, 32-upper support tube, 33-annular outer reinforcement plate, 34-lower support tube, 35-epoxy fiberglass support tube, 36-support cover, 37-first single axial expansion joint, 38-second single axial expansion joint, 39-third single axial expansion joint, 40-first lifting ear, 41-second lifting ear, 42-ladder, 43-support foot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0057] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0058] Example
[0059] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , this embodiment proposes a high vacuum thermal insulation type gas low temperature liquefaction storage multi-layer container, including a three-layer nested container structure 1;
[0060] The three-layer nested container structure 1 comprises an outer vacuum insulation layer 2, an intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3, and an inner container 4 suspended inside the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3, which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside.
[0061] The outer top end of the inner container 4 is fixedly connected to a lifting structure 5. The end of the lifting structure 5 away from the inner container 4 sequentially penetrates the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 and the outer vacuum insulation layer 2. The connection between the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 and the lifting structure 5 is sealed to each other.
[0062] A spiral heat exchange coil 6 immersed in liquid nitrogen is provided on the outer top of the inner container 4. The inlet of the spiral heat exchange coil 6 is connected to an air intake pipe 7. The air intake pipe 7 passes through the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 and the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 in sequence and is located on the outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2. The outlet of the spiral heat exchange coil 6 is connected to the inner container 4.
[0063] During use, liquid nitrogen is added to the interior of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 so that the liquid nitrogen submerges the spiral heat exchange coil 6. The air inlet pipe 7 is connected to a gaseous medium source. The gaseous medium is introduced into the inlet of the spiral heat exchange coil 6 through the air inlet pipe 7. The gaseous medium circulates in the pipeline of the spiral heat exchange coil 6 and performs countercurrent heat exchange with the liquid nitrogen in the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3, so that the gaseous medium is quickly liquefied. The liquefied medium flows into the inner container 4 through the outlet of the spiral heat exchange coil 6. The outer vacuum insulation layer 2 of the three-layer nested container structure 1 isolates external heat radiation and convection, providing a first-level insulation barrier. The intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 provides a low-temperature liquefied active cooling source and serves as a second-level leakage-proof buffer layer for the inner container 4. The lifting structure 5 allows the inner container 4 to be suspended in the liquid nitrogen of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3, achieving physical isolation and blocking the formation of thermal bridges.
[0064] The high vacuum thermal insulation type multi-layered container for low-temperature liquefaction and storage of gas disclosed in this embodiment comprises, from the outside to the inside, an outer vacuum insulation layer 2, an intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3, and an inner container 4 suspended in liquid nitrogen by a hoisting structure 5. This allows the outer layer of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 to form a double insulation. The liquefied cryogenic medium is stored in the inner container 4 immersed in liquid nitrogen, ensuring a daily evaporation rate of 0.1% or less. Simultaneously, the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 can absorb leaked cryogenic medium from the inner layer, preventing direct impact on the outer vacuum insulation layer 2. By integrating heat exchange and storage functions, the equipment footprint is reduced, thereby enabling the high vacuum thermal insulation type multi-layered container for low-temperature liquefaction and storage of gas to have the beneficial effects of high liquefaction efficiency, optimized insulation performance, enhanced safety, compact structure, and small footprint.
[0065] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6The spiral heat exchange coil 6 is a coaxial multi-layer spiral structure. The top of the spiral heat exchange coil 6 is provided with a spiral coil inlet junction 8, which is connected to the air intake pipe 7;
[0066] The bottom end of the spiral heat exchange coil 6 is provided with a spiral coil outlet junction 9, and a container connection forging elbow 10 is provided on the outer wall of the inner container 4. A medium input pipe 11 is connected between the container connection forging elbow 10 and the spiral coil outlet junction 9. The spiral heat exchange coil 6 is completely immersed in the liquid nitrogen in the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3. The total length and spiral pitch of the spiral heat exchange coil 6 are optimized according to the flow rate, temperature and efficiency required for liquefaction of the target medium. The air inlet pipe 7 transports the gaseous medium into the spiral heat exchange coil 6. The gaseous medium inside the spiral heat exchange coil 6 and the liquid nitrogen in the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 are countercurrently exchanged with each other, so that the gaseous medium is rapidly liquefied. Under the action of gravity, the liquid medium sinks to the bottom of the inner container 4 through the spiral coil outlet junction 9, the medium input pipe 11 and the container connection forging elbow 10 for storage. The spiral heat exchange coil 6 is immersed in liquid nitrogen, which greatly increases the heat exchange area of the spiral heat exchange coil 6 compared with the traditional design and significantly improves the liquefaction rate.
[0067] Several spiral coil support and fixing plates 12 are evenly installed at the bottom end of the spiral heat exchange coil 6. Several spiral coil support and fixing plates 12 are fixedly connected to the end close to the inner container 4 with a head welding pad 13. The head welding pad 13 is fixedly connected to the outer top end of the inner container 4. Several spiral coil support and fixing plates 12 can support the spiral heat exchange coil 6 and are fixed to the top of the inner container 4 through the head welding pad 13. The head welding pad 13 can disperse the pressure transmitted from the spiral coil support and fixing plate 12 to avoid damage caused by concentrated pressure on the outer top end of the inner container 4.
[0068] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 The hanging structure 5 has a hanging spindle tube 14, one end of the hanging spindle tube 14 passes through the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 and the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 in sequence, the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 and the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 are sealed at the connection between the outer wall of the hanging spindle tube 14, and the other end of the hanging spindle tube 14 is fixedly connected to the outer top end of the inner container 4. The hanging spindle tube 14 can suspend the inner container 4 in the liquid nitrogen of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3, avoiding direct contact between the inner container 4 and the inner wall of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3, thereby reducing heat conduction.
[0069] One end of the hanger spindle tube 14 is provided with a hanger outer sealing cap 15, one end of the hanger spindle tube 14 is located inside the hanger outer sealing cap 15, the hanger outer sealing cap 15 is welded to the outer top wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2, and a number of hanger upper reinforcing ribs 16 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of one end of the hanger spindle tube 14, and a number of hanger upper reinforcing ribs 16 are fixedly connected to the outer top wall of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3; a number of hanger lower reinforcing ribs 17 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the other end of the hanger spindle tube 14, and a number of hanger lower reinforcing ribs 17 are fixedly connected to a hanger welding pad 18 near one end of the inner container 4, and the hanger welding pad 18 is fixedly connected to the outer top wall of the inner container 4. The sealing cap 15 can seal one end of the hanger main shaft tube 14 to prevent rainwater from accumulating inside the hanger main shaft tube 14 and prevent the hanger main shaft tube 14 from being corroded and rusted by rainwater, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the hanger main shaft tube 14. Several hanger upper reinforcing ribs 16 can strengthen the strength of the connection between the hanger main shaft tube 14 and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3. Several hanger lower reinforcing ribs 17 can strengthen the strength of the connection between the hanger main shaft tube 14 and the inner container 4. The hanger welding pad 18 not only makes the hanger main shaft tube 14 more stable when connected to the inner container 4, but also plays a role in dispersing force, avoiding concentrated force on the hanger main shaft tube 14 on the top of the inner container 4, and avoiding damage to the inner container 4.
[0070] A first group of support assemblies 19 and a second group of support assemblies 20 are provided on the outer wall of the inner container 4. The first group of support assemblies 19 and the second group of support assemblies 20 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the inner container 4 along the circumference of the inner container 4. The first group of support assemblies 19 and the second group of support assemblies 20 both have support pads 21. The support pad 21 is fixedly connected to a support tube 22 at one end away from the inner container 4. A support Teflon ring 23 is provided inside the support tube 22. The support Teflon ring 23 is pressed against the inner wall of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3. The first group of support assemblies 19 and the second group of support assemblies 20 can support the inner container 4 when the equipment is transported horizontally. The setting of the Teflon support ring allows the inner container 4 to deform radially freely during low-temperature shrinkage and blocks the formation of thermal bridges.
[0071] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6, a safety discharge pipe 24 and a liquid level gauge 25 are provided at the top of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2. One end of the safety discharge pipe 24 can be sealably passed through the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 in sequence and connected to the top of the inner container 4. The safety discharge pipe 24 and the inner container 4 are mutually connected. The other end of the safety discharge pipe 24 is fixed on the outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2; the detection end of the liquid level gauge 25 can be sealably passed through the outer vacuum insulation layer 2, the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 and the inner container 4 in sequence; the bottom end of the inner container 4 is fixedly connected to a liquid outlet pipe 26. The end of the liquid outlet pipe 26 away from the inner container 4 can be sealably passed through the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 and the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 in sequence. The safety discharge pipe 24 can discharge the gas in the inner container 4 to prevent the internal pressure of the inner container 4 from being too high and causing an accident. The liquid level gauge 25 is convenient for real-time monitoring of the liquid level of the liquid medium inside the inner container 4, so that the staff can discharge the liquid medium through the liquid outlet pipe 26.
[0072] The top of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 is also provided with a liquid nitrogen level gauge 25 pipe and a nitrogen outlet pipe 28. One end of the liquid nitrogen level gauge 25 pipe can be sealably passed through the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 and connected to the inner top of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3. The other end of the liquid nitrogen level gauge 25 pipe is fixed to the outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2.
[0073] One end of the nitrogen outlet pipe 28 can be sealably passed through the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 and connected to the inner top of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3. The nitrogen outlet pipe 28 and the interior of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 are mutually connected. The other end of the nitrogen outlet pipe 28 is fixed to the outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2. The liquid nitrogen level gauge 25 is connected to the pipe to facilitate detection of the amount of liquid nitrogen in the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3, which is beneficial for the staff to replenish the liquid nitrogen in time according to the situation, ensuring that the liquid nitrogen in the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 always submerges the spiral heat exchange coil 6. The nitrogen outlet pipe 28 is convenient for discharging the vaporized nitrogen in the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 to avoid excessive pressure inside the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3.
[0074] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 An intermediate liquid nitrogen container support assembly 29 is provided between the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3. The intermediate liquid nitrogen container support assembly 29 has a liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipe 30. The liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipe 30 passes through the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3. The intermediate liquid nitrogen container support assembly 29 is convenient for supporting the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3. The liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipe 30 can transport liquid nitrogen to or discharge liquid nitrogen from the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3, ensuring that there is always sufficient liquid nitrogen inside the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3, thereby facilitating the spiral heat exchange coil 6 to perform heat exchange to form a liquid medium.
[0075] The outer bottom end of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 is fixedly connected to an annular inner reinforcing plate 31, and the inner ring of the annular inner reinforcing plate 31 is provided with an upper supporting tube 32, and one end of the upper supporting tube 32 is against the outer bottom end of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3; the outer bottom end of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 is fixedly connected to an annular outer reinforcing plate 33, and the inner ring of the annular outer reinforcing plate 33 is provided with a lower supporting tube 34, and one end of the lower supporting tube 34 passes through the outer vacuum insulation layer 2, and the other end of the upper supporting tube 32 and one end of the lower supporting tube 34 are coaxial with each other and spaced apart. An epoxy fiberglass support tube 35 is provided inside the support tube 34, and the epoxy fiberglass support tube 35 is sleeved on the liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipes 30; the other end of the lower support tube 34 is clamped with a support cover 36, and the middle liquid nitrogen container layer 3 is supported at the bottom center of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 by the upper support tube 32, the lower support tube 34 and the epoxy fiberglass support tube 35. A gap is reserved between the upper support tube 32 and the lower support tube 34 to allow the middle liquid nitrogen container layer 3 to deform freely in the axial direction when shrinking at low temperature. The epoxy fiberglass support tube 35 can prevent the formation of thermal bridges.
[0076] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 A temperature and pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) is installed on the air intake pipe 7, and the temperature and pressure sensor can detect the temperature and pressure of the gaseous medium in the air intake pipe 7.
[0077] The safety relief pipe 24, the liquid level gauge 25, the nitrogen outlet pipe 28 and the air inlet pipe 7 are all provided with a first single axial expansion joint 37 on the pipe section close to the outer top wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2, the liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipes 30 are provided with a second single axial expansion joint 38 on the pipe section close to the support cover 36, and the liquid outlet pipe 26 on the outside of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 is provided with a third single axial expansion joint 39. The first single axial expansion joint 37, the second single axial expansion joint 38 and the third single axial expansion joint 39 can all absorb cold contraction displacement, which is beneficial to reducing thermal stress in the pipeline.
[0078] A first lifting lug 40 and a second lifting lug 41 are fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2. The first lifting lug 40 and the second lifting lug 41 are symmetrically distributed, and the first lifting lug 40 and the second lifting lug 41 facilitate equipment lifting.
[0079] A ladder 42 is provided on the outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 and extends axially along the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 , so that workers can climb to the top of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 through the ladder 42 , making it convenient to connect the first lifting lug 40 and the second lifting lug 41 with the lifting rope when lifting the equipment.
[0080] The outer bottom wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 is fixedly connected with a number of support legs 43, which are evenly distributed on the outer bottom wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2. The support legs 43 facilitate supporting the container so that the container remains upright, thereby reducing the footprint.
[0081] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the lifting structure 5 adopts a welded axial tube hanger, the material of which is Invar alloy (low thermal expansion coefficient) or austenitic stainless steel (such as 304), allowing the inner container 4 to deform radially freely and shrink axially vertically upward along the hanger when shrinking at low temperature.
[0082] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the high vacuum multi-layer wrapped insulation layer of the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 is composed of alternating layers of reflective foil and spacer materials, with a vacuum degree of ≤1-3Pa×10-3Pa, which is used to isolate external heat radiation and convection and provide a first-level insulation barrier.
[0083] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the middle liquid nitrogen container layer 3 is made of austenitic stainless steel and is filled with liquid nitrogen as a refrigerant. The temperature is maintained below -196°C. It is physically isolated from the inner container 4 and the outer vacuum insulation layer 2 by the lifting structure 5, providing a low-temperature liquefied active cooling source and serving as a second-level leakage-proof buffer layer for the inner container 4.
[0084] In this embodiment, the inner container 4 is made of austenitic stainless steel (such as 304) or low-temperature resistant aluminum alloy, and is suspended in the liquid nitrogen of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3 through the lifting structure 5 to avoid direct contact with the inner wall of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3, thereby reducing heat conduction. The spiral heat exchange coil 6 adopts a coaxial multi-layer spiral structure (the pipeline is the medium channel, and the liquid nitrogen is between the spiral layers of the pipeline to increase the heat exchange efficiency). The inlet of the spiral heat exchange coil 6 is connected to the air inlet pipe 7, and the air inlet pipe 7 is connected to the pipe mouth of the external gaseous medium. The spiral heat exchange coil 6 is completely Immersed in the liquid nitrogen of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer 3, the total length and spiral pitch of the spiral heat exchange coil 6 are optimized according to the flow rate, temperature and efficiency required for liquefaction of the target medium. After the external gaseous medium (such as CO, CO2, natural gas) enters the spiral heat exchange coil 6, it is rapidly liquefied through countercurrent heat exchange with the liquid nitrogen. The liquid medium settles by gravity to the bottom of the inner container 4 for storage. The hoisting structure 5 and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container support assembly 29 are used to allow the inner container 4 to deform freely in the radial direction and shrink vertically upward in the axial direction during low-temperature contraction.
[0085] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high vacuum thermal insulation multi-layer container for low-temperature liquefaction of gas, characterized by: It includes a three-layer nested container structure (1); The three-layer nested container structure (1) comprises an outer vacuum insulation layer (2), an intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3), and an inner container (4) suspended inside the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3), which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside; The outer top end of the inner container (4) is fixedly connected to a hanging structure (5); the end of the hanging structure (5) away from the inner container (4) sequentially penetrates the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3) and the outer vacuum insulation layer (2); the outer vacuum insulation layer (2) and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3) are sealed to each other at their connection points with the hanging structure (5); A spiral heat exchange coil (6) immersed in liquid nitrogen is provided on the outer top of the inner container (4); the inlet of the spiral heat exchange coil (6) is connected to an air intake pipe (7); the air intake pipe (7) sequentially passes through the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3) and the outer vacuum insulation layer (2) and is located on the outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer (2); the outlet of the spiral heat exchange coil (6) is connected to the inner container (4).
2. The high vacuum thermal insulation type gas low temperature liquefaction storage multi-layer container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral heat exchange coil (6) is a coaxial multi-layer spiral structure, and the top end of the spiral heat exchange coil (6) is provided with a spiral coil inlet junction (8), and the spiral coil inlet junction (8) is connected to the air inlet pipe (7); The bottom end of the spiral heat exchange coil (6) is provided with a spiral coil outlet junction (9), the outer wall of the inner container (4) is provided with a container connection forging elbow (10), and a medium input pipe (11) is connected between the container connection forging elbow (10) and the spiral coil outlet junction (9).
3. The high vacuum thermal insulation type low temperature liquefied gas storage multi-layer container according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of spiral coil support fixing plates (12) are evenly installed at the bottom end of the spiral heat exchange coil (6), and a head welding pad (13) is fixedly connected to one end of the spiral coil support fixing plates (12) close to the inner container (4), and the head welding pad (13) is fixedly connected to the outer top end of the inner container (4).
4. The high vacuum thermal insulation type low temperature liquefied gas storage multi-layer container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hanging structure (5) comprises a hanging spindle tube (14), one end of which passes through the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3) and the outer vacuum insulation layer (2) in sequence, the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3) and the outer vacuum insulation layer (2) are sealed at the connection point with the outer wall of the hanging spindle tube (14), and the other end of the hanging spindle tube (14) is fixedly connected to the outer top end of the inner container (4).
5. The high vacuum thermal insulation type gas low temperature liquefaction storage multi-layer container according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the hanger main shaft tube (14) is provided with a hanger outer sealing cap (15), one end of the hanger main shaft tube (14) is located inside the hanger outer sealing cap (15), and the hanger outer sealing cap (15) is welded to the outer top wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer (2), and a plurality of hanger upper reinforcing ribs (16) are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of one end of the hanger main shaft tube (14), and the plurality of hanger upper reinforcing ribs (16) are fixedly connected to the outer top wall of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3); A plurality of hanger lower reinforcing ribs (17) are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the other end of the hanger main shaft tube (14), and a hanger welding pad (18) is fixedly connected to one end of the plurality of hanger lower reinforcing ribs (17) close to the inner container (4), and the hanger welding pad (18) is fixedly connected to the outer top wall of the inner container (4).
6. The high vacuum thermal insulation type low temperature liquefied gas storage multi-layer container according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first group of support assemblies (19) and a second group of support assemblies (20) are provided on the outer wall of the inner container (4); the first group of support assemblies (19) and the second group of support assemblies (20) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the inner container (4) along the circumference of the inner container (4); the first group of support assemblies (19) and the second group of support assemblies (20) both have support pads (21); one end of the support pad (21) away from the inner container (4) is fixedly connected to a support tube (22); a support polytetrafluoroethylene ring (23) is provided inside the support tube (22); the support polytetrafluoroethylene ring (23) abuts against the inner wall of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3).
7. The high vacuum thermal insulation type low temperature liquefied gas storage multi-layer container according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety relief pipe (24) and a liquid level gauge (25) are provided at the top of the outer vacuum insulation layer (2); one end of the safety relief pipe (24) can be sealed and sequentially penetrate the outer vacuum insulation layer (2) and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3) and is connected to the top of the inner container (4); the safety relief pipe (24) and the inner container (4) are mutually connected; the other end of the safety relief pipe (24) is fixed to the outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer (2); The detection end of the liquid level meter (25) can be sealed and sequentially penetrate the outer vacuum insulation layer (2), the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3) and the inner container (4); The bottom end of the inner container (4) is fixedly connected to a liquid outlet pipe (26), and the end of the liquid outlet pipe (26) away from the inner container (4) can be sealed and pass through the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3) and the outer vacuum insulation layer (2) in sequence.
8. The high vacuum thermal insulation type low temperature liquefied gas storage multi-layer container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the outer vacuum insulation layer (2) is further provided with a liquid nitrogen level gauge (25) pipe and a nitrogen outlet pipe (28); one end of the liquid nitrogen level gauge (25) pipe can be sealably passed through the outer vacuum insulation layer (2) and connected to the inner top of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3); the other end of the liquid nitrogen level gauge (25) pipe is fixed to the outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer (2); One end of the nitrogen outlet pipe (28) can be sealed and penetrate the outer vacuum insulation layer (2) and connected to the inner top end of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3); the nitrogen outlet pipe (28) and the interior of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3) are mutually connected; the other end of the nitrogen outlet pipe (28) is fixed to the outer wall of the outer vacuum insulation layer (2).
9. The high vacuum thermal insulation type low temperature liquefied gas storage multi-layer container according to claim 1, characterized in that: An intermediate liquid nitrogen container support assembly (29) is provided between the outer vacuum insulation layer (2) and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3); the intermediate liquid nitrogen container support assembly (29) has a liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipe (30); and the liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipe (30) passes through the outer vacuum insulation layer (2) and the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3).
10. The high vacuum thermal insulation type low temperature liquefied gas storage multi-layer container according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer bottom end of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3) is fixedly connected to an annular inner reinforcing plate (31), the inner ring of the annular inner reinforcing plate (31) is provided with an upper supporting tube (32), and one end of the upper supporting tube (32) abuts against the outer bottom end of the intermediate liquid nitrogen container layer (3); The outer bottom end of the outer vacuum insulation layer (2) is fixedly connected to an annular outer reinforcing plate (33), the inner ring of the annular outer reinforcing plate (33) is provided with a lower supporting cylinder (34), one end of the lower supporting cylinder (34) passes through the outer vacuum insulation layer (2), the other end of the upper supporting cylinder (32) and one end of the lower supporting cylinder (34) are coaxial with each other and spaced apart, the interior of the upper supporting cylinder (32) and the lower supporting cylinder (34) is provided with an epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic supporting cylinder (35), and the epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic supporting cylinder (35) is sleeved on the liquid nitrogen inlet and outlet pipe (30); The other end of the lower support cylinder (34) is clamped with a support cover (36).