Energy-saving shell and tube heat exchanger for ship

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat energy engineering, in particular to an energy-saving shell and tube heat exchanger for a ship. A spiral scraping brush is arranged on the inner wall of a shell, a shell pass backflow hole is formed in the side, close to an end cover, of the bottom of the shell, and a shell pass water injection hole is formed in the top of the shell; a tube bundle fixing plate is fixedly connected to the side face of the shell, a tube pass filtering chamber is fixedly connected to the middle of an end cover, an impurity backflow tube is arranged at the bottom of the tube pass filtering chamber, a fixing support is fixedly connected to the interior of the tube pass filtering chamber, and a filtering motor support is fixedly connected to the side face of the fixing support. A filter motor is fixedly connected to the side face of the filter motor support, an arc-shaped scraper is fixedly connected to the side face of the filter motor, a pipe bundle water inlet is fixedly connected to the side face of the end cover, a metal filter screen is fixedly connected to the interior of the end cover, and a sealing head is arranged on the side face of the shell. And a shell pass water inlet is formed in the top of the shell pass water injection hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal energy engineering, and more particularly to an energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ships. Background Art

[0002] A shell-and-tube heat exchanger is a device that exchanges heat between two fluids through a tube bundle and is widely used in the chemical, energy, refrigeration, food and other industries.

[0003] The shell and tube heat exchanger consists of basic components such as tube bundles, shells, tube sheets, baffles, and heads (end covers). It is easy to manufacture and maintain. Two fluids enter the equipment from the tube inlet and shell inlet respectively, and heat is exchanged through the tube bundle wall. The high-temperature fluid transfers heat to the low-temperature fluid through the tube wall, and finally the heat is discharged from the tube outlet and shell outlet respectively.

[0004] Although shell and tube heat exchangers are widely used, they still have some shortcomings in actual use:

[0005] 1. Baffles are key components for optimizing shell-side heat transfer in shell-and-tube heat exchangers. However, they exhibit significant drawbacks in actual operation. Conventional bow-shaped baffles inevitably create assembly gaps between the shell and tube bundles. These areas easily form dead zones for fluid flow, causing the medium to stagnate and be unable to effectively participate in heat exchange, leading to a decrease in local heat transfer efficiency. Furthermore, the shell-side fluid frequently changes direction due to repeated obstruction by the baffles, forming a mixed flow pattern of eddies and turbulence. While this enhances heat transfer to a certain extent, it also significantly increases fluid resistance.

[0006] 2. Fixed tube sheet heat exchangers are widely used in the industrial field due to their compact structure and low manufacturing cost. However, they have inherent shortcomings in equipment maintenance. Because the tube bundle is completely fixed to the tube sheet and shell, the shell side space is closed and narrow, making it difficult to clean directly with mechanical tools. Cleaning can only rely on chemical circulation. However, this cleaning method not only corrodes the metal tube bundle and shortens the service life of the equipment, but the residual acid, alkali and other chemical substances in the cleaning wastewater can also pollute the environment. Especially when processing media containing particulate impurities or prone to scaling, frequent chemical cleaning not only increases maintenance costs but also seriously restricts the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0007] 3. Given the same heat transfer area requirements, shell-and-tube heat exchangers are typically larger than plate heat exchangers due to their structural design characteristics, resulting in greater metal consumption. Their large dimensions and weight require more space during installation, placing higher demands on transportation conditions and lifting equipment, significantly increasing installation and transportation costs. In specialized applications with extremely limited space, such as offshore platforms and ocean-going vessels, the bulky size of shell-and-tube heat exchangers and the stringent space constraints create a sharp conflict, making it difficult to meet the demand for miniaturized and lightweight equipment in these scenarios, limiting their application in high-end equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ships to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0009] The present invention provides the following technical solution: an energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ships, wherein the inner wall of the shell is provided with a spiral scraper, the inner wall of the shell is provided with a rotating track, the bottom of the shell is provided with a shell-side reflux hole near the end cover, the top of the shell is provided with a shell-side water injection hole, the side of the shell is fixedly connected to a tube bundle fixing plate, the side of the tube bundle fixing plate is fixedly connected to the end cover, the middle part of the end cover is fixedly connected to a tube-side filter chamber, the bottom of the tube-side filter chamber is provided with an impurity reflux pipe, the inside of the tube-side filter chamber is fixedly connected to a fixing bracket, the side of the fixing bracket is fixedly connected to a filter motor bracket, the side of the filter motor bracket is fixedly connected to a filter motor, the side of the filter motor is fixedly connected to an arc scraper, the side of the end cover is fixedly connected to a tube bundle water inlet, the inside of the end cover is fixedly connected to a metal filter screen, the side of the shell is provided with a head, and the top of the shell-side water injection hole is provided with a shell-side water inlet;

[0010] Furthermore, a spiral deflector is fixedly connected to the middle of the tube bundle fixing plate, an upper tube bundle is fixedly connected to the upper area of the tube bundle fixing plate, a central tube bundle is fixedly connected to the central part of the tube bundle fixing plate, a lower tube bundle is fixedly connected to the lower part of the tube bundle fixing plate, spiral guide plates are fixedly connected inside the upper tube bundle and the lower tube bundle, and the two tube bundle fixing plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the shell.

[0011] Furthermore, a spiral scraper is provided on the inner wall of the shell, a spiral scraper is provided in the middle of the spiral scraper, and scraper brackets are fixedly connected to both ends of the four spiral scrapers. The spiral scraper is close to the inner wall of the shell, and the scraper bracket is arranged inside the rotating track. A liquid guide hole is opened on the side of the scraper bracket, and there are two liquid guide holes.

[0012] Furthermore, a head is fixedly connected to the side of the tube bundle fixing plate, a layered partition is fixedly connected to the inside of the head, and a tube-side reflux hole is opened at the bottom of the head.

[0013] Furthermore, a back-flushing three-way valve is provided on the upper portion of the shell-side water injection hole, a lower three-way valve is provided on the side of the back-flushing three-way valve, and an upper three-way valve is provided on the top of the lower three-way valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the side of the backflush three-way valve is fixedly connected to a backflush motor, the side of the upper three-way valve is fixedly connected to an upper three-way valve motor, the side of the upper three-way valve is fixedly connected to an upper sewage outlet, the side of the upper three-way valve is fixedly connected to an upper water inlet, the side of the lower three-way valve is fixedly connected to a lower three-way valve motor, the side of the lower three-way valve is fixedly connected to a lower sewage outlet, the side of the upper three-way valve is fixedly connected to a lower water inlet, an upper metal filter is fixed inside the upper three-way valve, and a lower metal filter is fixed inside the lower three-way valve.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper tube bundle, the central tube bundle and the lower tube bundle are fixedly connected inside the spiral baffle.

[0016] Furthermore, a base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell, and two bases are fixedly connected to two sides of the shell.

[0017] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0018] 1. This invention replaces the traditional bow-shaped baffles inside the shell with spiral baffles. Through the continuous spiral surface design, it effectively eliminates the dead zone of fluid flow in the gap between the tube bundle and the shell, thereby improving local heat transfer efficiency. The unique flow-guiding characteristics of the spiral baffles not only significantly reduce the fluid impact pressure, but also significantly reduce equipment vibration and extend service life. At the same time, the tube bundle is divided into three independent heat exchange areas: upper, middle, and lower layers using partitions, allowing the fluid to form three high-efficiency cross-flow heat exchanges within the shell. This layered design fully utilizes the limited space to maximize heat exchange per unit volume, and the overall heat exchange efficiency is improved compared to traditional structures. It is particularly suitable for space-constrained scenarios such as ships.

[0019] 2. The present invention incorporates a self-cleaning filter mechanism at the front end of the central tube bundle. This mechanism adopts a dynamic filtration design, and the built-in motor-driven scraping brush device can operate continuously while the equipment is in operation. When impurities adhere to the filter surface, the high-speed rotating scraping brush peels them off through mechanical friction and discharges them through the sewage outlet with the help of fluid power. This not only achieves self-cleaning of the filtration system without downtime, but also effectively prevents impurities from clogging the tube bundle, ensuring that the equipment remains stable and efficient during long-term operation on the ship, and significantly extending the maintenance cycle.

[0020] 3. This invention utilizes spiral cleaning brushes installed on the inner wall of the shell and spiral deflectors within the tube bundle, creating a dual self-cleaning system for both the shell and the tube bundle. Inside the shell, the spiral cleaning brushes and spiral baffles form a linked structure. As the fluid spirals along the baffles, the impact force generated drives the brushes to rotate, continuously cleaning dirt from the inner wall of the shell. The spiral deflectors installed within the upper and lower tube bundles not only enhance convection heat transfer within the tubes but also scour the tube walls through centrifugal force, effectively reducing impurity adhesion. This design enables the equipment to combine efficient heat exchange with self-cleaning capabilities, significantly reducing the frequency of downtime for maintenance and significantly improving continuous operation efficiency. It is particularly suitable for complex operating conditions in marine environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the half cross-sectional structure at point A of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the quarter cross-sectional structure at point A of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal spiral scraping brush structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 2 Detailed structural diagram at point B.

[0027] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 3 Detailed structural diagram at point C.

[0028] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 3 Detailed structural diagram of location D.

[0029] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. Shell; 11. Spiral scraper; 111. Spiral scraper; 112. Scraper bracket; 12. Rotating track; 121. Liquid guide hole; 13. Shell-side return hole; 14. Shell-side water injection hole; 15. Tube bundle fixing plate; 151. Spiral baffle; 152. Upper tube bundle; 153. Center tube bundle; 154. Lower tube bundle; 155. Spiral guide plate; 16. Base; 2. End cover; 21. Tube-side filter chamber; 22. Impurity return pipe; 23. Fixing bracket; 24. Filter motor bracket; 25. Filter motor; 26. Curved scraper; 27. Tube bundle water inlet; 28. Metal filter; 3. Head; 31. Tube side reflux hole; 32. Layered partition; 4. Shell side water inlet; 41. Backflush three-way valve; 411. Backflush motor; 42. Upper three-way valve; 421. Upper three-way valve motor; 422. Upper sewage outlet; 423. Upper water inlet; 424. Upper metal filter; 43. Lower three-way valve; 431. Lower three-way valve motor; 432. Lower sewage outlet; 433. Lower water inlet; 434. Lower metal filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. In addition, the forms of the various structures described in the following embodiments are merely examples. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ships involved in the present invention is not limited to the various structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides an energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ships. The inner wall of the shell 1 is provided with a spiral scraper 11, the inner wall of the shell 1 is provided with a rotating track 12, the bottom of the shell 1 is provided with a shell-side reflux hole 13 near the end cover 2, the top of the shell 1 is provided with a shell-side water injection hole 14, the side of the shell 1 is fixedly connected to a tube bundle fixing plate 15, the side of the tube bundle fixing plate 15 is fixedly connected to the end cover 2, the middle of the end cover 2 is fixedly connected to a tube-side filter chamber 21, and the bottom of the tube-side filter chamber 21 is provided with a An impurity return pipe 22 is provided. A fixed bracket 23 is fixedly connected to the inside of the tube-side filter chamber 21. A filter motor bracket 24 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed bracket 23. A filter motor 25 is fixedly connected to the side of the filter motor bracket 24. An arc-shaped scraper 26 is fixedly connected to the side of the filter motor 25. A tube bundle water inlet 27 is fixedly connected to the side of the end cover 2. A metal filter screen 28 is fixedly connected to the inside of the end cover 2. A head 3 is provided on the side of the shell 1. A shell-side water inlet 4 is provided on the top of the shell-side water injection hole 14.

[0032] Reference Figure 7A spiral baffle 151 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the tube bundle fixing plate 15, an upper tube bundle 152 is fixedly connected to the upper area of the tube bundle fixing plate 15, a central tube bundle 153 is fixedly connected to the central part of the tube bundle fixing plate 15, a lower tube bundle 154 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the tube bundle fixing plate 15, and spiral guide plates 155 are fixedly connected inside the upper tube bundle 152 and the lower tube bundle 154. The two tube bundle fixing plates 15 are fixedly connected to both sides of the shell 1.

[0033] By rationally arranging the tube bundles inside the tube bundle fixing plate 15, the tube bundle can be divided into three areas, thereby realizing three-fold heat exchange between the fluid inside the tube bundle and the fluid inside the shell. Specifically, the fluid enters the center tube bundle 153 from the tube filter chamber 21 to carry out the first heat exchange process. Since it is the first stage of heat exchange, the initial velocity of the fluid is relatively large, and the scouring effect on the inner wall of the tube bundle is relatively large, and impurities will not accumulate on the inner wall. At the same time, the fluid passes through to the maximum extent, and the inner wall of the center tube bundle 153 is smooth. In the next stage, the fluid enters the upper tube bundle 152. The spiral guide plate 155 arranged on the inner wall causes the internal fluid to rotate, further intensifying the scouring effect on the inner wall, so that the internal impurities are separated from the tube wall under the scouring effect of the fluid. In the next stage, the fluid enters the lower tube bundle 154. This is the same as the second stage, thereby completing the three-fold heat exchange of the fluid, improving the heat exchange efficiency, improving work efficiency, and extending the maintenance cycle to meet the needs of ships.

[0034] By optimizing the tube bundle layout within the tube bundle retaining plate 15 and dividing it into three independent flow zones, a three-stage heat exchange process is achieved between the shell-side and tube-side fluids. The specific process is as follows: Fluid first enters the central tube bundle 153 from the tube-side filter chamber 21 for initial heat exchange. This area, serving as the first-stage heat exchange section, utilizes the fluid's high initial kinetic energy to create a high-speed flushing effect, effectively preventing impurities from depositing on the tube walls. Furthermore, the smooth inner wall design of the central tube bundle 153 reduces flow resistance and ensures smooth fluid flow.

[0035] The fluid then enters the upper tube bundle 152 for secondary heat exchange. Spiral guide plates 155 are installed within the upper tube bundle 152, forcing the fluid to rotate, creating a spiral flow pattern. This unique flow pattern not only strengthens contact between the fluid and the tube wall, improving heat transfer efficiency, but also enhances the scouring effect on the tube wall through centrifugal force, making it difficult for impurities to adhere.

[0036] Finally, the fluid enters the lower tube bundle 154 for the third heat exchange. Lower tube bundle 154 also utilizes a spiral guide plate design, continuing the rotating flow pattern and further improving heat exchange efficiency while ensuring the tube walls remain clean.

[0037] This three-stage heat exchange structure optimizes fluid paths and controls flow patterns, improving heat exchange efficiency while also utilizing the fluid's own flushing action to achieve self-cleaning of the tube bundle's inner walls. Experimental data demonstrates that this design can extend the maintenance cycle of marine heat exchangers, significantly reducing equipment maintenance costs and meeting the requirements for long-term, continuous operation of ships.

[0038] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 A spiral scraper 11 is provided on the inner wall of the shell 1, and a spiral scraper 111 is provided in the middle of the spiral scraper 11. The two ends of the four spiral scrapers 111 are fixedly connected to a scraper bracket 112. The spiral scraper 111 is close to the inner wall of the shell 1, and the scraper bracket 112 is arranged inside the rotating track 12. A liquid guide hole 121 is opened on the side of the scraper bracket 112, and there are two liquid guide holes 121.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 The side of the tube bundle fixing plate 15 is fixedly connected with a head 3, the interior of the head 3 is fixedly connected with a layered partition 32, and the bottom of the head 3 is provided with a tube side reflux hole 31.

[0040] Reference Figure 8 A backwash three-way valve 41 is provided on the upper part of the shell-side water injection hole 14 , a lower three-way valve 43 is provided on the side of the backwash three-way valve 41 , and an upper three-way valve 42 is provided on the top of the lower three-way valve 43 .

[0041] Reference Figure 8 The side of the backflush three-way valve 41 is fixedly connected to the backflush motor 411, the side of the upper three-way valve 42 is fixedly connected to the upper three-way valve motor 421, the side of the upper three-way valve 42 is fixedly connected to the upper sewage outlet 422, the side of the upper three-way valve 42 is fixedly connected to the upper water inlet 423, the side of the lower three-way valve 43 is fixedly connected to the lower three-way valve motor 431, the side of the lower three-way valve 43 is fixedly connected to the lower sewage outlet 432, the side of the upper three-way valve 42 is fixedly connected to the lower water inlet 433, the upper metal filter 424 is fixed inside the upper three-way valve 42, and the lower metal filter 434 is fixed inside the lower three-way valve 43.

[0042] The coordinated action of three electric three-way valves automatically cleans impurities from the surfaces of the upper and lower metal screens 424 and 434. The specific workflow is as follows: A backflush three-way valve 41 is installed above the shell-side water injection port 14 to create a circulation system. When cleaning the upper metal screen 424 is necessary, the upper three-way valve motor 421 drives the upper three-way valve 42 to switch states, closing the upper water inlet 423 and connecting the backflush three-way valve 41 with the upper drain outlet 422. At this point, coolant entering the lower water inlet 433 backwashes the upper metal screen 424, discharging impurities through the upper drain outlet 422. To clean the lower metal screen 434, the upper three-way valve 42 keeps the upper drain outlet 422 closed, and the backflush three-way valve 41 connects the upper water inlet 423 with the lower drain outlet 432. Coolant entering the upper water inlet 423 backwashes the lower metal screen 434, discharging impurities through the lower drain outlet 432. The entire cleaning process only requires adjusting the control program, without stopping or disassembling the equipment. It realizes the online automatic backwash function, greatly improves the operating efficiency and reliability of the heat exchanger, and reduces manual maintenance costs.

[0043] Reference Figure 4 The upper tube bundle 152 , the central tube bundle 153 and the lower tube bundle 154 are fixedly connected inside the spiral baffle 151 .

[0044] Reference Figure 2 The bottom of the housing 1 is fixedly connected to a base 16, and two bases 16 are fixedly connected to both sides of the housing 1 for fixing the device at a desired position.

[0045] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: in the initial stage, the upper water inlet 423, the lower water inlet 433 and the shell-side water injection hole 14 are connected through the joint action of the upper three-way valve 42 and the lower three-way valve 43, and the upper sewage outlet 422 and the lower sewage outlet 432 arranged on the sides of the upper three-way valve 42 and the lower three-way valve 43 are connected to the sewage discharge pipe. In the tube-side or shell-side stage, the liquid can enter the internal cavity through the shell-side water injection hole 14 to perform heat exchange.

[0046] During the coolant working stage, when the coolant is inside the shell 1, the cooling liquid enters the chamber through the shell-side water injection hole 14, and moves inside the shell toward the shell-side return hole 13. The coolant flows in a spiral shape inside the shell 1 through the guiding effect of the spiral baffle 151 fixedly connected in the middle of the tube bundle fixing plate 15, and performs heat exchange with the tube bundle arranged on the tube bundle fixing plate 15. The coolant impacts the inner surface of the shell 1 under the guiding effect of the spiral baffle 151. The impact of the coolant can realize the pushing effect on the spiral scraper 11 arranged on the inner wall surface of the shell 1, thereby realizing the rotation action of the spiral scraper 11. When the coolant enters the shell 1, it fills the inside of the rotating track 12 through the liquid guide hole 121 on the lower inner wall surface of the shell 1 under the action of pressure and gravity, thereby reducing the friction between the scraper bracket 112 set at both ends of the spiral scraper 11 and the shell 1, improving the smoothness of the spiral scraper 11 during rotation, and ensuring the cleaning effect of the spiral scraper 111 on the spiral scraper 11 on the inner wall surface of the shell 1. The spiral scraper 111 scrapes the inner wall surface of the shell 1, so that impurities attached to the inner surface of the shell 1 are detached and discharged through the shell-side reflux hole 13 under the action of the spiral scraper 111, thereby realizing non-stop cleaning of the equipment and improving the equipment maintenance cycle.

[0047] During the self-cleaning stage of the coolant, when impurities accumulate on the surface of one of the upper metal filter screens 424 and the lower metal filter screens 434, taking the upper metal filter screen 424 as an example, the upper water inlet 423 and the lower water inlet 433 are connected to each other through the backwash motor 411 arranged on the side of the backwash three-way valve 41, and at the same time, the upper three-way valve motor 421 arranged on the side of the upper three-way valve 42 drives the upper water inlet 423 to close and the upper sewage outlet 422 to open. At this time, the coolant inside the lower water inlet 433 is discharged from the upper sewage outlet 422 through the action of the backwash three-way valve 41, and at the same time, the upper metal filter screen 424 inside the upper three-way valve 42 is reversely flushed, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the upper metal filter screen 424. For ocean-going ships, this method avoids tedious filter cleaning operations, shortens equipment maintenance time, and improves work efficiency.

[0048] During the working phase of the cooled liquid, when the cooled liquid passes through the interior of the tube bundle, the cooled liquid enters the tube side filter chamber 21 provided in the middle of the end cover 2 through the tube bundle water inlet 27, and the cooled liquid is filtered by the metal filter 28 provided in the tube side filter chamber 21, and then passes through the multiple central tube bundles 153 provided in the middle of the tube bundle fixing plate 15 for the first heat exchange work, and then enters the interior of the head 3, and the interior of the head 3 is divided into two cavities by the layered partition 32 provided inside the head 3. Under the partition effect of the layered partition 32, the cooled liquid can enter the interior of the upper tube bundle 152, and then pass through the upper tube bundle 153. The second heat exchange work is carried out during the process of the bundle 152, and then it enters the inside of the end cover 2 and carries out the third heat exchange work through the lower tube bundle 154. When the cooled liquid passes through the upper tube bundle 152 and the lower tube bundle 154, the spiral guide plate 155 arranged inside the tube bundle can realize the rotation of the cooled liquid, thereby realizing the flushing effect of the liquid on the inner wall of the tube bundle, further reducing the accumulation of dirt on the inner wall of the tube bundle, realizing self-cleaning inside the tube bundle, extending the maintenance cycle of the equipment, and improving the reliability of the long-term operation of the equipment. Finally, the cooled liquid that has undergone three cooling processes is discharged from the tube side reflux hole 31, and the work is completed.

[0049] During the self-cleaning stage of the filter, the cooled liquid entering the end cover 2 through the tube bundle water inlet 27 passes through the filtering effect of the metal filter 28, causing impurities to gather on the surface of the metal filter 28. The fixing bracket 23 provided inside the end cover 2 can fix the filter motor bracket 24 and the filter motor 25 in the center position, and there is a certain distance from the metal filter 28. The scraping effect of the arc scraper 26 provided in front of the filter motor 25 can move the impurities on the surface of the metal filter 28 to the surrounding areas. Under the combined action of pressure and the arc scraper 26, the impurities are discharged from the impurity return pipe 22 by a small part of the liquid, thereby realizing automatic cleaning of the filter and avoiding the problem of reduced work efficiency caused by shutdown maintenance.

[0050] Secondly: The drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention only involve structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention. Other structures may refer to conventional designs. The same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0051] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger for a ship, comprising a shell (1), characterized in that: The inner wall of the shell (1) is provided with a spiral scraping brush (11), the inner wall of the shell (1) is provided with a rotating track (12), the bottom of the shell (1) is provided with a shell-side reflux hole (13) near the end cover (2), the top of the shell (1) is provided with a shell-side water injection hole (14), the side of the shell (1) is fixedly connected to a tube bundle fixing plate (15), the side of the tube bundle fixing plate (15) is fixedly connected to the end cover (2), the middle of the end cover (2) is fixedly connected to a tube-side filter chamber (21), the bottom of the tube-side filter chamber (21) is provided with an impurity reflux pipe (22), the A fixed bracket (23) is fixedly connected inside the tube-side filter chamber (21), a filter motor bracket (24) is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed bracket (23), a filter motor (25) is fixedly connected to the side of the filter motor bracket (24), an arc-shaped scraper (26) is fixedly connected to the side of the filter motor (25), a tube bundle water inlet (27) is fixedly connected to the side of the end cover (2), a metal filter screen (28) is fixedly connected to the inside of the end cover (2), a head (3) is provided on the side of the shell (1), and a shell-side water inlet (4) is provided at the top of the shell-side water injection hole (14).

2. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the tube bundle fixing plate (15) is fixedly connected to a spiral baffle (151); the upper region of the tube bundle fixing plate (15) is fixedly connected to an upper tube bundle (152); the central part of the tube bundle fixing plate (15) is fixedly connected to a central tube bundle (153); the lower part of the tube bundle fixing plate (15) is fixedly connected to a lower tube bundle (154); the upper tube bundle (152) and the lower tube bundle (154) are fixedly connected to spiral guide plates (155); and the two tube bundle fixing plates (15) are fixedly connected to both sides of the shell (1).

3. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the housing (1) is provided with a spiral scraper (11), the middle of the spiral scraper (11) is provided with a spiral scraper (111), both ends of the four spiral scrapers (111) are fixedly connected to scraper brackets (112), the spiral scrapers (111) are closely attached to the inner wall of the housing (1), the scraper bracket (112) is arranged inside the rotating track (12), and the side of the scraper bracket (112) is provided with liquid guide holes (121), and there are two liquid guide holes (121).

4. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the tube bundle fixing plate (15) is fixedly connected to a head (3), the interior of the head (3) is fixedly connected to a layered partition (32), and the bottom of the head (3) is provided with a tube-side reflux hole (31).

5. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: A backwash three-way valve (41) is provided on the upper portion of the shell-side water injection hole (14), a lower three-way valve (43) is provided on the side of the backwash three-way valve (41), and an upper three-way valve (42) is provided on the top of the lower three-way valve (43).

6. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ships according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side of the backflush three-way valve (41) is fixedly connected to a backflush motor (411), the side of the upper three-way valve (42) is fixedly connected to an upper three-way valve motor (421), the side of the upper three-way valve (42) is fixedly connected to an upper sewage outlet (422), the side of the upper three-way valve (42) is fixedly connected to an upper water inlet (423), the side of the lower three-way valve (43) is fixedly connected to a lower three-way valve motor (431), the side of the lower three-way valve (43) is fixedly connected to a lower sewage outlet (432), the side of the upper three-way valve (42) is fixedly connected to a lower water inlet (433), an upper metal filter (424) is fixed inside the upper three-way valve (42), and a lower metal filter (434) is fixed inside the lower three-way valve (43).

7. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ships according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper tube bundle (152), the central tube bundle (153) and the lower tube bundle (154) are fixedly connected inside the spiral baffle (151).

8. The energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the shell (1) is fixedly connected to a base (16), and the two bases (16) are fixedly connected to both sides of the shell (1).

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