Testing device and method for testing response characteristics of explosive

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of explosive response characteristic tests, in particular to a test device and method for testing explosive response characteristics. The test device comprises a shell unit and a loading unit. The shell unit comprises a driving restraining cylinder, a first restraining cylinder and a second restraining cylinder which are coaxially arranged. And an accelerating cavity is formed in the first restraining cylinder. The driving restraining cylinder is located at one end of the first restraining cylinder. And the driving constraint cylinder is used for loading main explosives. The second restraining cylinder is located at the end, away from the driving restraining cylinder, of the first restraining cylinder. The two ends of the second restraining cylinder are open. And a loading cavity for loading to-be-tested explosives is formed in the second constraint cylinder. And an annular positioning part is arranged in the second restraining cylinder. Two end openings of the second restraining cylinder penetrate through the center of the positioning part. The loading cavity is located on the side, facing the first restraining cylinder, of the positioning part. And the loading unit slides in the accelerating cavity. Therefore, the problem that the shear loading sensitivity test of various explosives in the prior art is difficult to provide enough shear speed in a small space is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of explosive response characteristic testing, and in particular to a test device and method for testing the explosive response characteristic. Background Art

[0002] The response characteristics of explosives refer to a series of physical, chemical and mechanical reactions exhibited by explosives when subjected to various external stimuli, mainly including thermal response, shock response, mechanical response and other characteristics.

[0003] During storage and transportation, explosives are subject to various mechanical stimuli, such as impact, shear, and puncture, creating the risk of accidental combustion and explosion. The mechanical sensitivity of explosives (their sensitivity to these mechanical stimuli) is a typical explosive response characteristic. The mechanical sensitivity of different types of explosives can be measured through various explosive response characteristics tests. Currently, major domestic and international standards (such as China's GJB-772A1997 and the US MIL-STD-2105D and STANAG4439-2018) include impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity tests. In addition, response characteristics tests that include shear, such as the Steven test (also known as a projectile impact test) and the Spigot test (also known as a plug test), are also widely used. However, in order to achieve the high loading speed required to reach the ignition threshold, these tests often require large and complex test apparatus (e.g., a 10-meter drop hammer apparatus or a range-launched cannon apparatus), making them difficult and costly to conduct. In order to understand the response characteristics of explosives under shear action and achieve the threshold velocity requirement with a smaller test device, it is urgent to design a small-scale shear loading explosive response characteristics test. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that various previous explosive response characteristic tests are difficult to provide sufficient shear velocity through small acceleration devices, the present invention provides a test device and method for testing the response characteristics of explosives.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives, the test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives comprising:

[0006] A shell unit, the shell unit includes a coaxially arranged drive constraint cylinder, a first constraint cylinder, and a second constraint cylinder; an acceleration chamber is formed in the first constraint cylinder; the drive constraint cylinder is located at one end of the first constraint cylinder; the drive constraint cylinder is used to load the main explosive; the second constraint cylinder is located at the end of the first constraint cylinder away from the drive constraint cylinder; both ends of the second constraint cylinder are open; the interior of the second constraint cylinder is provided with a loading chamber for loading the explosive to be tested; the second constraint cylinder is provided with an annular positioning portion; the openings at both ends of the second constraint cylinder pass through the center of the positioning portion; the loading chamber is located on the side of the positioning portion facing the first constraint cylinder; the inner diameter of the positioning portion is smaller than the inner diameter of the loading chamber;

[0007] A loading unit, wherein the loading unit is located in the acceleration chamber; the inner diameter of the second constraint cylinder is larger than the diameter of the loading unit; the length direction of the loading unit is parallel to the axis of the first constraint cylinder; there is a gap between the loading unit and the inner wall of the first constraint cylinder; the loading unit is located at the center of the first constraint cylinder; the length of the loading unit is larger than the length of the loading chamber along the axis of the second constraint cylinder.

[0008] In some embodiments, the loading unit includes a hammer, a long rod, and a limiting portion; one end of the hammer abuts against one end of the drive constraint cylinder, and the other end abuts against the long rod; the circumferential side wall of the hammer slides in contact with the inner wall of the first constraint cylinder; the length direction of the long rod extends along the axial direction of the acceleration chamber; a wire groove extending along the axial direction of the long rod is provided on the long rod; the limiting portion is provided at one end of the acceleration chamber away from the hammer; the end of the long rod away from the hammer passes through the limiting portion;

[0009] The test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives also includes a detection unit; the detection unit includes an acceleration sensor and a pressure sensor; the acceleration sensor is detachably connected to the long rod; the pressure sensor is detachably connected to the long rod; the pressure sensor is arranged at an end of the long rod away from the hammer; the acceleration sensor is connected to an external signal through a first wiring harness; the pressure sensor is connected to an external signal through a second wiring harness; part of the first wiring harness and part of the second wiring harness are placed in the wire groove; the limiting part limits the movement of the first wiring harness and the second wiring harness toward the second constraint cylinder.

[0010] In some embodiments, the detection unit further includes a pad; the pad abuts against the pressure sensor; and the pad is located between the pressure sensor and the loading chamber.

[0011] In some embodiments, the limiting portion is in the shape of an annular cylinder with two ends open; the outer diameter of the limiting portion is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the first constraint cylinder; the inner diameter of the limiting portion is greater than or equal to the diameter of the long rod.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second constraint cylinder also includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder; the loading chamber is formed in the first cylinder; one end of the second cylinder abuts against the end of the first cylinder away from the first constraint cylinder; the inner wall of the second cylinder close to the end of the first cylinder protrudes along the circumference of the second cylinder toward the center axis of the second cylinder to form the positioning portion; the detection unit also includes a first position detector and a second position detector; the first position detector and the second position detector are spaced apart on the second cylinder along the length direction of the second cylinder; the detection areas of the first position detector and the second position detector are arranged in sequence along the moving path of the long rod.

[0013] In some embodiments, the driving constraint cylinder, the first constraint cylinder, and the second constraint cylinder are stacked vertically in sequence and their heights are reduced in sequence. The test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives includes a shear test preparation state; in the shear test preparation state, the pad is placed on the upper surface of the explosive to be tested.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives. The test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives is applied to a test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives according to any one of the above embodiments. The test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives comprises:

[0015] Step S10, based on the installation of multiple test devices for testing the response characteristics of explosives, the charge of the main explosive is increased or decreased by the first step, and the shear test of the explosive to be tested is repeated multiple times;

[0016] Step S20, based on the charge amount of the main explosive being increased or decreased by the first step, the shear test is repeated multiple times to obtain the initial charge threshold value of the main explosive at several reaction levels of the explosive to be tested;

[0017] Step S30, based on the completion of obtaining the initial charge threshold, adjusting the charge of the main explosive within a reference charge range to perform the shear test on the explosive to be tested multiple times; the median value of the reference charge range is the initial charge threshold;

[0018] Step S40 , based on the completion of multiple shear tests in which the charge amount of the main explosive is adjusted within the reference charge amount range, a final charge threshold value of the main explosive under several reaction levels of the explosive to be tested is obtained.

[0019] In some embodiments, step S10 includes: upon completion of the installation of multiple test devices for testing the response characteristics of explosives, increasing or decreasing the charge of the main explosive by the first step, repeatedly performing a shear test on the explosive to be tested, and accumulating the number of first tests in which the explosive to be tested reacts at each charge;

[0020] In step S20, the initial charge threshold includes a first initial threshold and a second initial threshold; the first initial threshold is the maximum charge of the main explosive in the shear test when the first test number is continuously 0; the second initial threshold is the minimum charge of the main explosive at which the explosive to be tested reacts in multiple consecutive shear tests;

[0021] In step S30, the reference drug dosage range includes a first drug dosage range and a second drug dosage range; the middle value of the first drug dosage range is the first initial threshold value; the middle value of the second drug dosage range is the second initial threshold value;

[0022] In step S40, the final charge threshold includes a first final threshold and a second final threshold; the first final threshold is the maximum charge of the main explosive at which the explosive to be tested undergoes 0% reaction; and the second final threshold is the minimum charge of the main explosive at which the explosive to be tested undergoes 100% reaction.

[0023] In some embodiments, step S30 includes step S31 and step S32;

[0024] The step S31 includes: based on the completion of obtaining the first initial threshold, adjusting the charge of the main explosive by a second step length within the first charge range, and repeating the shear test of the explosive to be tested multiple times; when the charge of the main explosive is less than the first initial threshold, the second step length remains unchanged as the number of shear tests increases; when the charge of the main explosive is greater than the first initial threshold, the second step length decreases sequentially as the number of shear tests increases;

[0025] The step S32 includes: based on the completion of obtaining the second initial threshold, adjusting the charge of the main explosive by a third step within the second charge range, and repeating the shear test of the explosive to be tested multiple times; when the charge of the main explosive is less than the second initial threshold, the third step remains constant as the number of the shear tests increases; when the charge of the main explosive is greater than the second initial threshold, the third step gradually decreases as the number of the shear tests increases.

[0026] In some embodiments, the test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives further comprises:

[0027] Step S50, said step S50 includes step S51 and step S52;

[0028] Step S51: Based on the completion of obtaining the first final threshold, the shear test of the explosive to be tested is performed with the charge amount of the main explosive at the first final threshold;

[0029] Step S52: completing the shear test of the explosive to be tested at the first final threshold value based on the charge of the main explosive, and obtaining a first acceleration and a first pressure of a loading unit of the testing device; the testing device further comprising a detection unit; the detection unit comprising an acceleration sensor and a pressure sensor; the acceleration sensor being detachably connected to a long rod of the loading unit; and the pressure sensor being detachably connected to the long rod of the loading unit.

[0030] Step S60, said step S60 includes step S61 and step S62;

[0031] Step S61: Based on the completion of obtaining the second final threshold, the shear test of the explosive to be tested is performed with the charge amount of the main explosive being at the second final threshold;

[0032] Step S62 , completing the shear test of the explosive to be tested at the second final threshold value based on the charge amount of the main explosive, and obtaining a second acceleration and a second pressure of the loading unit of the test device.

[0033] In some embodiments, the test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives further comprises:

[0034] Step S70, said step S70 includes step S71 and step S72;

[0035] Step S71: Based on the first and second final threshold values being obtained, a speed test is performed on the charge of the main explosive at the first and second final threshold values, respectively. During the speed test, the loading chamber is a hollow chamber. The detection unit of the test apparatus includes a first position detector and a second position detector. The first and second position detectors are spaced apart along the length of the second cylinder of the second restraining cylinder of the housing unit of the test apparatus. The detection areas of the first and second position detectors are sequentially arranged along the moving path of the long rod of the loading unit of the test apparatus.

[0036] Step S72 , completing the speed measurement test based on the charge amount of the main explosive with the first final threshold value and the second final threshold value in sequence, and obtaining the first flight speed and the second flight speed of the loading unit of the test device in sequence.

[0037] In order to solve the problem that various previous tests were difficult to reflect the influence of shear loading in explosive sensitivity measurement, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0038] The detonation energy generated by the main explosive in the driving confinement tube is used to drive the loading unit, so that the loading unit can pierce and penetrate the explosive to be tested in the loading chamber of the second confinement tube at high speed. Since the positioning portion supports the explosive to be tested and the positioning portion is annular, the explosive to be tested is free from the center of one end of the loading unit, and the loading unit generates a higher shear load on the explosive to be tested, so that the influence of shear stress on the sensitivity of the explosive can be better obtained by controlling the speed of the loading unit, and the characteristics of the explosive response can be more fully understood. In addition, the present invention does not require a ground impact, and thus does not need to occupy an excessively large height space. The test device can be miniaturized, and shear stress-based loading can be achieved using a small device. The test can even be carried out indoors, greatly reducing the cost of the test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a test device for testing explosive response characteristics according to an embodiment is shown;

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a test device for testing explosive response characteristics according to another embodiment is shown;

[0041] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart showing a test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives according to an embodiment is shown.

[0042] Figure numerals: 01 shell unit; 11 driving constraint cylinder; 111 ignition chamber; 112 accommodating chamber; 12 first constraint cylinder; 13 second constraint cylinder; 131 first cylinder body; 132 second cylinder body; 133 positioning part; 02 loading unit; 21 hammer; 22 long rod; 23 wire groove; 24 limiting part; 03 detection unit; 31 acceleration sensor; 32 pressure sensor; 33 first position detector; 34 second position detector; 35 pad; 04 main explosive; 05 explosive to be tested. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present disclosure will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the present disclosure, rather than to imply any limitation on the scope of the present disclosure.

[0044] As used herein, the term "including" and its variations are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including, but not limited to." The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "based, at least in part, on." The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment." The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment." Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "back," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," "transverse," and "longitudinal" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily intended to better describe the present application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the devices, elements, or components indicated to having a specific orientation, or to being constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientation or positional relationships. For example, the term "on" may, in certain circumstances, be used to indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "disposed," "provided with," "connected," and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance and quantity of the indicated devices, elements or components. Unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0045] At present, the main domestic and foreign standards (such as domestic GJB-772A1997 and US MIL-STD-2105D and STANAG4439-2018) include impact sensitivity tests and friction sensitivity experiments. In addition, sensitivity tests for shear action such as the Steven test (also known as the projectile impact test) and the Spigot test (also known as the plug test) are also widely used. However, in order to obtain a larger loading speed to reach the ignition threshold, these tests often require a drop hammer device of up to ten meters and a matching gunpowder acceleration, or even an artillery device. These test devices are huge and complex, making the test difficult and costly. In order to use a smaller test device to carry out explosive sensitivity tests under shear action while meeting the threshold speed requirements, this embodiment discloses a test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives, so as to study the response characteristics of explosives under shear loading. In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, the test apparatus for testing explosive response characteristics includes a housing unit 01 and a loading unit 02. Housing unit 01 includes a coaxially arranged drive confinement cylinder 11, a first confinement cylinder 12, and a second confinement cylinder 13. An acceleration chamber is formed within first confinement cylinder 12. Drive confinement cylinder 11 is located at one end of first confinement cylinder 12. Drive confinement cylinder 11 is used to load a main explosive 04, which serves as the driving force for shear loading of the test apparatus. Second confinement cylinder 13 is located at the end of first confinement cylinder 12 away from drive confinement cylinder 11. Both ends of second confinement cylinder 13 are open. Second confinement cylinder 13 has a loading chamber within it for loading the explosive to be tested 05, which is the subject of research on explosive response characteristics. Second confinement cylinder 13 includes an annular positioning portion 133, which supports the explosive to be tested 05. The openings at both ends of the second constraint cylinder 13 pass through the center of the positioning portion 133; the loading cavity is located on the side of the positioning portion 133 facing the first constraint cylinder 12; the inner diameter of the positioning portion 133 is smaller than the inner diameter of the loading cavity, so that the center of one end of the test explosive 05 close to the positioning portion 133 is unconstrained, that is, the test explosive 05 has no frontal constraint in the impact direction, and thus the long rod 22 of the loading unit 02 can penetrate the test explosive 05, making the shear force in the stress distribution of the test explosive 05 more obvious, and better reflecting the effect of shear loading on the sensitivity of the explosive.

[0046] In other embodiments, the main explosive 04 is in sheet form, so that the thickness of the main explosive 04 can be adjusted by adding or reducing the main explosive 04 layer by layer to achieve precise adjustment of the amount of explosive, so as to adjust the poking speed of the loading unit 02.

[0047] Loading unit 02 is located within the acceleration chamber and is used to stress-load the explosive to be tested 05. The inner diameter of the second confinement cylinder 13 is larger than the diameter of loading unit 02. The length of loading unit 02 is parallel to the axis of the first confinement cylinder 12. A gap exists between loading unit 02 and the inner wall of the first confinement cylinder 12, allowing loading unit 02 to slide within the acceleration chamber along the length of the first confinement cylinder 12. Loading unit 02 is located at the center of the first confinement cylinder 12. The length of loading unit 02 is greater than the length of the loading chamber along the axis of the second confinement cylinder 13. The diameter of the end of loading unit 02 closest to the loading chamber can be smaller than the diameter of the explosive to be tested 05, thereby ensuring that loading unit 02 can penetrate the explosive to be tested 05 and achieve shear loading on the explosive to be tested 05.

[0048] Detonating the main explosive 04 generates detonation energy, making it easier to achieve high-speed impact test conditions, achieving speeds exceeding 100 m / s. This allows the loading unit 02 to move at high speed within the acceleration chamber toward the loading chamber, driven by the detonation energy. This allows shear loading of the test explosive 05, measuring its shear loading sensitivity at high strain rates and velocities. The test records then reveal two boundary values for the main explosive 04 dosage, serving as the safety threshold and detonation threshold for the test explosive 05. This provides precise loading conditions for simulation tests, which can be used to verify and correct the results of computational simulation tests, enabling a more rational determination of the explosive's sensitivity under shear loading.

[0049] In other embodiments, the diameter of the main explosive 04 may be smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the driving confinement cylinder 11, and multiple pieces of main explosive 04 may have the same diameter but different thicknesses, so as to facilitate increasing or decreasing the amount of the main explosive 04 to adjust the poking speed of the loading unit 02. Figure 1 As shown, the drive confinement tube 11 includes an ignition chamber 111 and a receiving chamber 112. One end of the ignition chamber 111 is open, and the other end is connected to the receiving chamber 112 via a detonator lead. This allows the detonator lead to extend to detonate the main explosive 04 and release the detonation pressure of the main explosive 04, thereby ensuring test safety. The inner wall of the drive confinement tube 11 can be lubricated to facilitate placement of the main explosive 04 within the receiving chamber 112. During the preparation phase for the shear test on the explosive 05 under test, the loading unit 02 seals the end of the receiving chamber 112 away from the ignition chamber 111. When the test apparatus is positioned vertically relative to the ground, the second confinement tube 13, the first confinement tube 12, and the drive confinement tube 11 can be stacked in sequence. When the test apparatus is positioned horizontally relative to the ground, the second confinement tube 13, the first confinement tube 12, and the drive confinement tube 11 can be detachably connected in sequence. The detachable connection method is not limited and can include threaded connections, snap connections, rivet connections, etc. Through the above arrangement, since the test device does not need to be subjected to a ground impact and can be stacked by gravity, the space occupied by the test device is small, and the main explosive 04 can provide sufficient detonation energy to meet the shear test loading requirements, so that the shear test of the explosive 05 to be tested can be completed indoors, reducing the test cost and difficulty.

[0050] In this embodiment, if Figure 1As shown, the loading unit 02 comprises a hammer 21, a rod 22, and a restricting portion 24. One end of the hammer 21 abuts one end of the drive restraint cylinder 11, and the other end abuts the rod 22. When the test apparatus is positioned horizontally relative to the ground, the hammer 21 is detachably connected to the rod 22. The circumferential sidewalls of the hammer 21 slide in contact with the inner wall of the first restraint cylinder 12. This allows the hammer 21 to convert the detonation energy generated by the primary explosive 04 within the loading chamber into a uniform propulsion force that is transmitted to the rod 22. This uniform force is applied to the rod 22, facilitating high-speed movement within the acceleration chamber. The rod 22 extends longitudinally along the axis of the acceleration chamber. A guide wire groove 23 is defined along the rod 22, extending axially along the rod 22. A restricting portion 24 is provided at the end of the acceleration chamber distal to the hammer 21. The distal end of the rod 22 passes through the restricting portion 24. The cylindrical shape of the rod 22 is simpler and more regular, making it more convenient for simulation calculations and enabling a better understanding of the internal response of the explosive.

[0051] The test device for testing the explosive response characteristics also includes a detection unit 03. This unit includes an acceleration sensor 31 and a pressure sensor 32. The acceleration sensor 31 is detachably connected to the long rod 22. To ensure the accuracy of the data acquired by the acceleration sensor 31, it can be embedded within the long rod 22. The pressure sensor 32 is located at the end of the long rod 22 away from the hammer 21 and is detachably connected to the long rod 22. The pressure sensor 32 can be in the form of a sheet and can be embedded in the end of the long rod 22. The acceleration sensor 31 is connected to an external signal via a first wiring harness. The pressure sensor 32 is connected to an external signal via a second wiring harness. Parts of the first and second wiring harnesses are placed in a wire guide 23. A restricting portion 24 restricts the movement of the first and second wiring harnesses toward the second restraining cylinder 13. A wiring harness hole can be provided in the inner wall of the second restraining cylinder 13. One end of the first wiring harness is connected to the acceleration sensor 31, and the other end passes through the wiring harness hole to connect to the outside. One end of the second wiring harness is connected to the pressure sensor 32, and the other end passes through the wiring harness hole and is connected to the outside, thereby facilitating the real-time transmission of the detection data of the pressure sensor 32 and the acceleration sensor 31 to the receiving device outside the test device.

[0052] With this arrangement, when the test device performs a shear test on the explosive 05, acceleration sensor 31 detects the acceleration of rod 22, and pressure sensor 32 detects the pressure at the end of rod 22, facilitating verification of the reliability of the simulation test conclusions. Restriction portion 24 prevents the first and second wiring harnesses from experiencing excessive explosive shock when rod 22 strikes the explosive 05, thereby extending their service lives. Furthermore, it prevents the first and second wiring harnesses from escaping from guide channel 23 and becoming entangled with rod 22, thereby reducing the impact of the impact on rod 22.

[0053] When the test apparatus conducts a shear test on the explosive 05 to be tested, the shear test is conducted in two steps: first, determining the charge threshold M of the main explosive 04 that triggers a reaction in the explosive 05 to be tested. Subsequently, the explosive 05 to be tested is removed, and the flight speed V of the long rod 22 is measured under the charge threshold M of the main explosive 04. Since the main explosive 04 is flaky, the charge threshold M can be set based on the thickness of the main explosive 04 or the charge weight of the main explosive 04. The charge threshold M can include a first height threshold M0 and a second height threshold M1. The first height threshold M0 is the maximum height of the main explosive 04 that triggers a 0% reaction in the explosive 05 to be tested, and the second height threshold M1 is the minimum height of the main explosive 04 that triggers a 100% reaction in the explosive 05 to be tested. Flight velocity V is neither the initial velocity nor the real-time velocity of rod 22. Rather, it is essentially the velocity of rod 22 after rod 22 strikes the explosive to be tested 05. It is used solely to indicate the reaction threshold of the explosive to be tested 05. Flight velocity V can include a first velocity threshold, V0, and a second velocity threshold, V1. A first altitude threshold, M0, corresponds to the first velocity threshold, V0; a second altitude threshold, M1, corresponds to the second velocity threshold, V1. M0, V0, along with M1 and V1, serve as indicators representing the safety margin of the explosive to be tested 05.

[0054] After the main explosive 04 detonates, the detonation pressure propels the hammer 21 to strike the rod 22, causing it to penetrate the test explosive 05 at high speed, thereby achieving shear loading on the test explosive 05. When the impact velocity of the rod 22 on the test explosive 05 exceeds a threshold, the test explosive 05 reacts. At this point, the second cylinder 132 of the second confinement cylinder 13 will be burned, leaving burn marks, or deformed by the impact of the explosion, confirming that the test explosive 05 has reacted effectively. The charge of the main explosive 04 is adjusted by increasing or decreasing its height, thereby changing the impact velocity of the rod 22. As the charge of the main explosive 04 increases, the impact velocity of the rod 22 increases, and the probability of the test explosive 05 reacting also increases. When the height of the main explosive 04 exceeds a first height threshold M0, the test explosive 05 is likely to react. When the height of the main explosive 04 continues to rise, exceeding a second height threshold M1, the test explosive 05 is certain to react.

[0055] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the detection unit 03 may also include a spacer 35. The spacer 35 abuts the pressure sensor 32. The spacer 35 is located between the pressure sensor 32 and the loading chamber. Since the sheet-shaped pressure sensor 32 is located at the end of the long rod 22 near the loading chamber, a spacer 35 with the same diameter as the long rod 22 is placed below the pressure sensor 32 to ensure stable pressure measurement and prevent pressure instability during the penetration of the explosive 05 being tested.

[0056] In some embodiments, the test device is placed laterally relative to the ground (ie, horizontally), and the spacer 35 is detachably connected to the long rod 22 .

[0057] In some embodiments, the test device is placed vertically relative to the ground, and the explosive 05 to be tested, the pad 35, the pressure sensor 32, and the long rod 22 are stacked in sequence by gravity.

[0058] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the restricting portion 24 is an annular cylindrical shape with two open ends. The restricting portion 24 may be a metal ring. The outer diameter of the restricting portion 24 is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the first restraining cylinder 12, and the inner diameter of the restricting portion 24 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the long rod 22. This allows the long rod 22 to pass through the restricting portion 24 without hindrance while preventing damage to the first and second wiring harnesses.

[0059] In other embodiments, the inner wall of the second constraint cylinder 13 and the inner annular wall of the limiting portion 24 may be coated with lubricating oil to prevent the friction generated when the loading unit 02 slides in the acceleration chamber from damaging the inner wall of the second constraint cylinder 13 and the inner annular wall of the limiting portion 24, while avoiding excessive friction that affects the accuracy of the test data.

[0060] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the second constraint cylinder 13 may also include a first cylinder 131 and a second cylinder 132. A loading chamber is formed in the first cylinder 131. One end of the second cylinder 132 abuts against the end of the first cylinder 131 away from the first constraint cylinder 12. When the test device is placed horizontally relative to the ground, the second cylinder 132 can be detachably connected to the first cylinder 131. The inner wall of the second cylinder 132 close to one end of the first cylinder 131 protrudes along the circumference of the second cylinder 132 toward the central axis of the second cylinder 132 to form a positioning portion 133, that is, the outer annular wall of the positioning portion 133 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second cylinder 132. As shown Figure 2 As shown, detection unit 03 also includes a first position detector 33 and a second position detector 34. The first and second position detectors 33, 34 are spaced apart along the length of second cylinder 132. The detection areas of the first and second position detectors 33, 34 are sequentially arranged along the travel path of the long rod 22. The first and second position detectors 33, 34 can be used to determine the flight velocity of the long rod 22, facilitating analysis of the characteristics of the explosive 05 under test.

[0061] In other embodiments, Figure 1As shown, one end of the first cylinder 131 close to the first constraint cylinder 12 can be convex toward the direction close to the first constraint cylinder 12 to form an annular step, and the other end can also be concave toward the direction close to the first constraint cylinder 12 to form an annular step, so as to facilitate the stable and convenient stacking or detachable connection of the first cylinder 131 with the first constraint cylinder 12 and the second cylinder 132. The second cylinder 132 can also refer to the annular step structure of the first cylinder 131. Figure 2 As shown, there can be multiple second barrels 132. The first position detector 33 and the second position detector 34 can be implemented using speed measurement targets, wire targets, laser speed measurement, or other methods. The first position detector 33 can be positioned between the first barrel 131 and the second barrel 132, or between two second barrels 132. The second position detector 34 can be spaced apart from the first position detector 33. A through hole can be provided in the first barrel 131 or the second barrel 132 to allow the wiring of the first position detector 33 and the second position detector 34 to pass through and connect to an external data receiving device.

[0062] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the drive restraint cylinder 11, the first restraint cylinder 12, and the second restraint cylinder 13 are stacked vertically in descending order. This stacking arrangement eliminates the need for fixed connections between the components, relying instead on gravity to stack them, significantly reducing the manufacturing cost of the test device. The test device for testing explosive response characteristics includes a shear test preparation state. In this state, a pad 35 is placed on the upper surface of the explosive 05 to be tested. This allows the pressure at the end of the rod 22 to be evenly transmitted to the pressure sensor 32 when the rod 22 strikes the explosive 05, ensuring accurate pressure data.

[0063] In this embodiment, this embodiment discloses a test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives. The test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives can be applied to a test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives in any of the above embodiments. Figure 3 As shown, the test methods for testing the response characteristics of explosives include:

[0064] In step S10, after multiple test apparatuses for testing explosive response characteristics are installed, the charge of the main explosive 04 is increased or decreased by the first step length, and shear tests on the explosive to be tested 05 are repeated multiple times. Since the main explosive 04 is in sheet form, the first step length can be based on the stack height of the main explosive 04, for example, increasing or decreasing by 5 mm or 10 mm. The first step length can be dynamically adjusted (i.e., the first step length takes any value within a set range for each shear test) or fixed (i.e., the first step length takes the same value within a set range for each shear test), and this is not specifically limited here.

[0065] In step S20, the charge of the main explosive 04 is increased or decreased based on the first step length. Repeated shear tests are performed to obtain the initial charge thresholds of the main explosive 04 at various reaction levels for the explosive 05 under test. Through steps S10 and S20 described above, the initial charge thresholds can be obtained by adjusting the charge of the main explosive 04 by adjusting the first step length using methods such as an ascending / descending method or a dichotomy method. If the charge of the main explosive 04 is insufficient to trigger a combustion reaction in the explosive 05 under test, the charge of the main explosive 04 is increased; otherwise, the charge of the main explosive 04 is decreased. If adjacent test groups show opposing test results, a preliminary initial charge threshold for the main explosive 04 at the time of the reaction of the explosive 05 under test can be determined. Subsequently, multiple tests are performed using the first step length to increase or decrease the charge of the main explosive 04, ultimately determining the initial charge thresholds for the main explosive 04 at various reaction levels. This improves the accuracy of the charge of the main explosive 04 and ensures the reliability of the test data in validating the simulation data. In other embodiments, the test device can be used to determine the thresholds between different levels of explosive reactivity. Reactivity levels can be divided according to test requirements and relevant standards. Existing evaluation criteria include the degree of shell rupture and fragment size, shock wave overpressure, deformation and damage of the witness plate, ground blast crater, remaining charge, and images and sounds, which are not specifically limited here. For example, the reactivity level of explosives can be divided into five levels: Level I detonation, Level II explosion, Level III deflagration, Level IV combustion, and Level V non-reactivity. For example, as shown in Table 1:

[0066] Table 1 - Example of initial charge threshold test results obtained in step S20

[0067]

[0068] In Table 1, the numbers "0", "1" and "2" represent different reaction levels. For example, a reaction level of 0 can indicate that the explosive to be tested does not react, a reaction level of 1 can indicate that the explosive to be tested burns, and a reaction level of 2 can indicate that the explosive to be tested explodes. Within a limited number of tests, the first step length can be 10g. Assuming that the test is repeated 5 times under the same conditions, there is no reaction three times and combustion twice, it can be recorded as "11000". Taking 5 repetitions as an example, the number of first tests is counted to obtain the initial charging threshold value of each reaction level. For example, the first initial threshold value of reaction level 1 is 40g, and the second initial threshold value is 80g; the first initial threshold value of reaction level 2 is 90g, and the second initial threshold value is 120g. In other embodiments, the initial charging threshold value can obtain one or more threshold values based on the reaction level of the explosive and the test requirements.

[0069] Step S30: Based on the completion of obtaining the initial charge threshold, the charge amount of the main explosive 04 is adjusted within the reference charge amount range to perform multiple shear tests on the explosive to be tested 05. The middle value of the reference charge amount range is the initial charge threshold.

[0070] In step S40, based on multiple shear tests in which the charge of the main explosive 04 is adjusted within a reference charge range, a final charge threshold of the main explosive 04 at various reaction levels is obtained for the explosive 05 under test. The final charge threshold may be the limit of the charge of the main explosive 04 at the corresponding reaction level. Steps S30 and S40 further improve the accuracy of the charge of the main explosive 04 and the reliability of the safety threshold of the explosive 05 under test, thereby preventing reactions during transport or misfires of the explosive 05 under test.

[0071] In this embodiment, step S10 includes: upon installation of multiple test devices for testing explosive response characteristics, increasing or decreasing the charge of the main explosive 04 by the first step, repeatedly performing shear tests on the explosive to be tested 05, and accumulating the number of first tests in which the explosive to be tested 05 reacts at each charge. The accumulated number of first tests can be no less than four to facilitate test comparison.

[0072] In step S20, the initial charge threshold includes a first initial threshold and a second initial threshold. The first initial threshold is the maximum charge of the main explosive 04 in the shear test with the first test number being 0. The second initial threshold is the minimum charge of the main explosive 04 at which the explosive 05 to be tested reacts in multiple consecutive shear tests.

[0073] In step S30, the reference drug dosage range includes a first drug dosage range and a second drug dosage range. The middle value of the first drug dosage range is a first initial threshold value. The middle value of the second drug dosage range is a second initial threshold value.

[0074] In step S40, the final charge threshold includes a first final threshold and a second final threshold. The first final threshold is the maximum charge of the main explosive 04 for the explosive 05 to react 0% of the test explosive 05. The second final threshold is the minimum charge of the main explosive 04 for the explosive 05 to react 100%.

[0075] Through the above-mentioned setting, the charge amount accuracy of the main explosive 04 is improved, and the accuracy of the shear sensitivity test data of the explosive 05 to be tested by the test device is guaranteed.

[0076] In this embodiment, step S30 includes step S31 and step S32.

[0077] Step S31 includes: upon completion of the acquisition of the first initial threshold, adjusting the charge of the main explosive 04 within the first charge range by a second step length, and repeating the shear test of the explosive to be tested 05 multiple times. When the charge of the main explosive 04 is less than the first initial threshold, the second step length remains constant as the number of shear tests increases. When the charge of the main explosive 04 is greater than the first initial threshold, the second step length decreases as the number of shear tests increases. This ensures that the subsequently acquired first final threshold for a 0% reaction of the explosive to be tested 05 has a higher accuracy, thereby improving safety. For example, as shown in Table 2:

[0078] Table 2 - Example of test results of obtaining the first final threshold in step S31

[0079]

[0080] In Table 2, within a limited number of tests, the numerical meanings of the test sequence are the same as in Table 1. Taking the first initial threshold for Reaction Level 1 obtained in Table 1 as an example, since the first initial threshold is 40g, the first dose can be set within a range of 30g to 50g. Within the 30g to 40g range, the second step size can be 5g. Within the 40g to 45g range, the second step size decreases with the number of shear tests, and can be 3g, 2g, and so on. Therefore, based on the test results in Table 2, the first final threshold for Reaction Level 1 can be determined to be 35g.

[0081] Step S32 includes: upon completion of the second initial threshold, adjusting the charge of the main explosive 04 within the second charge range by a third step length, and repeating multiple shear tests on the explosive to be tested 05. When the charge of the main explosive 04 is less than the second initial threshold, the third step length remains constant as the number of shear tests increases. When the charge of the main explosive 04 is greater than the second initial threshold, the third step length gradually decreases as the number of shear tests increases. This ensures that the subsequently obtained second final threshold for 100% reaction of the explosive to be tested 05 has a higher accuracy, improving reliability.

[0082] In this embodiment, the test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives may further include:

[0083] Step S50, step S50 includes step S51 and step S52.

[0084] Step S51 : Based on the completion of obtaining the first final threshold value, a shear test of the explosive to be tested 05 is performed with the charge amount of the main explosive 04 at the first final threshold value.

[0085] Step S52: Based on the charge amount of the main explosive 04, the shear test of the explosive 05 to be tested is completed at the first final threshold value, and the first acceleration and first pressure of the loading unit of the test device are obtained. Figure 1As shown, the test apparatus also includes a detection unit 03. Detection unit 03 includes an acceleration sensor 31 and a pressure sensor 32. The acceleration sensor 31 is detachably connected to the long rod 22 of the loading unit 02. The pressure sensor 32 is detachably connected to the long rod 22 of the loading unit 02. In other embodiments, the pressure sensor 32 is positioned at the end of the long rod 22 of the loading unit 02 proximal to the explosive 05 to be tested. The acceleration sensor 31 is connected to an external signal source via a first wiring harness, while the pressure sensor 32 is connected to an external signal source via a second wiring harness. The first and second wiring harnesses can be used to transmit data to an external receiving device.

[0086] Step S60, step S60 includes step S61 and step S62.

[0087] Step S61 : Based on the completion of obtaining the second final threshold value, a shear test of the explosive to be tested 05 is performed with the charge amount of the main explosive 04 at the second final threshold value.

[0088] Step S62 , completing the shear test of the explosive to be tested 05 based on the charge amount of the main explosive 04 at the second final threshold value, and obtaining the second acceleration and the second pressure of the loading unit of the test device.

[0089] Through the above method, the first acceleration and first pressure of the loading unit 02 under the first final threshold value and the second acceleration and second pressure of the loading unit 02 under the second final threshold value can be obtained through the detection unit 03, so that the change of the poking load of the explosive 05 to be tested by the loading unit 02 over time can be obtained, providing accurate loading conditions for the simulation test, and then used to verify and correct the calculation simulation test, and more reasonably analyze and evaluate the sensitivity of the explosive under relatively higher shear load.

[0090] In this embodiment, the test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives further includes:

[0091] Step S70, step S70 includes step S71 and step S72.

[0092] Step S71: Based on the first final threshold and the second final threshold, the charge of the main explosive 04 is tested for speed at the first final threshold and the second final threshold. Figure 2As shown, during the speed test, when the test device is placed vertically relative to the ground, the loading cavity can be filled with fragile inert material (such as polystyrene foam) to provide support; when the test device is placed horizontally relative to the ground, the loading cavity can be an empty cavity. The detection unit of the test device includes a first position detector and a second position detector. The first position detector and the second position detector are spaced apart along the length direction of the second cylinder of the second constraint cylinder of the shell unit of the test device. The detection areas of the first position detector and the second position detector are arranged in sequence along the moving path of the long rod of the loading unit of the test device.

[0093] Step S72 , based on the charge amount of the main explosive 04 , the speed measurement test is completed in sequence with the first final threshold value and the second final threshold value, and the first flight speed and the second flight speed of the loading unit of the test device are obtained in sequence.

[0094] By the above method, the charge of the main explosive 04 is set according to the first final threshold value and the second final threshold value, i.e., the first height threshold value M0 and the second height threshold value M1, and the speed test is performed after the explosive 05 to be tested in the test device is removed to obtain the flight speed V of the long rod 22 under the same conditions as the charge of the main explosive 04 in the shear test. Figure 2 As shown, two layers of velocity measuring paper, upper and lower, spaced apart, are mounted on the second barrel 132, serving as the first and second position detectors 33 and 34. Holes are provided in the sidewalls of the second barrel 132 to allow the wiring of the first and second position detectors 33 and 34 to pass through and connect to an external receiver. After being struck by the hammer 21, the rod 22 passes through the first and second barrels 131 and 132, respectively, penetrating the two layers of velocity measuring paper. The voltage pulse signal generated by the breakdown of the velocity measuring paper is recorded by the receiver. Using the velocity measuring paper and a calculation formula, the first and second flight velocities of the rod 22, namely the first and second velocity thresholds V0 and V1, are then determined. The calculation formula is V = (h2 - h1) ÷ (t2 - t1); h1 is the distance between the first position detector 33 and the end of the second confinement tube 13, and h2 is the distance between the second position detector 34 and the end of the second confinement tube 13. t1 is the time when the rod 22 passes through the detection area of the first position detector 33, and t2 is the time when the rod 22 passes through the detection area of the second position detector 34. The obtained first and second flight velocities can be used to verify and correct calculation simulation experiments, allowing for more rational analysis and evaluation of the sensitivity of explosives under relatively high shear loading.

[0095] It should be understood that the “present embodiment” mentioned in the present invention is based on the technical points currently described, and multiple “present embodiments” may be the same embodiment or different embodiments.

[0096] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present disclosure, and that in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives, characterized in that: The test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives comprises: A shell unit, the shell unit includes a coaxially arranged drive constraint cylinder, a first constraint cylinder, and a second constraint cylinder; an acceleration chamber is formed in the first constraint cylinder; the drive constraint cylinder is located at one end of the first constraint cylinder; the drive constraint cylinder is used to load the main explosive; the second constraint cylinder is located at the end of the first constraint cylinder away from the drive constraint cylinder; both ends of the second constraint cylinder are open; the interior of the second constraint cylinder is provided with a loading chamber for loading the explosive to be tested; the second constraint cylinder is provided with an annular positioning portion; the openings at both ends of the second constraint cylinder pass through the center of the positioning portion; the loading chamber is located on the side of the positioning portion facing the first constraint cylinder; the inner diameter of the positioning portion is smaller than the inner diameter of the loading chamber; A loading unit, wherein the loading unit is located in the acceleration chamber; the inner diameter of the second constraint cylinder is larger than the diameter of the loading unit; the length direction of the loading unit is parallel to the axis of the first constraint cylinder; there is a gap between the loading unit and the inner wall of the first constraint cylinder; the loading unit is located at the center of the first constraint cylinder; the length of the loading unit is larger than the length of the loading chamber along the axis of the second constraint cylinder.

2. A test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading unit includes a hammer, a long rod, and a limiting portion; one end of the hammer abuts against one end of the drive constraint cylinder, and the other end abuts against the long rod; the circumferential side wall of the hammer slides in contact with the inner wall of the first constraint cylinder; the length direction of the long rod extends along the axial direction of the acceleration chamber; a wire groove extending along the axial direction of the long rod is provided on the long rod; the limiting portion is provided at one end of the acceleration chamber away from the hammer; the end of the long rod away from the hammer passes through the limiting portion; The test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives further includes a detection unit; the detection unit includes an acceleration sensor and a pressure sensor; the acceleration sensor is detachably connected to the long rod; the pressure sensor is detachably connected to the long rod; the pressure sensor is disposed at an end of the long rod away from the hammer; the acceleration sensor is connected to an external signal via a first wiring harness; the pressure sensor is connected to an external signal via a second wiring harness; a portion of the first wiring harness and a portion of the second wiring harness are placed in the wire duct; The restricting portion restricts movement of the first wire harness and the second wire harness toward the second restraint cylinder.

3. A test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection unit further includes a cushion block; the cushion block abuts against the pressure sensor; and the cushion block is located between the pressure sensor and the loading chamber.

4. A test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting portion is in the shape of an annular cylinder with two ends open; the outer diameter of the limiting portion is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the first constraint cylinder; the inner diameter of the limiting portion is greater than or equal to the diameter of the long rod.

5. A test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second constraint cylinder also includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder; the loading chamber is formed in the first cylinder; one end of the second cylinder abuts against the end of the first cylinder away from the first constraint cylinder; the inner wall of the second cylinder close to one end of the first cylinder protrudes along the circumference of the second cylinder toward the central axis of the second cylinder to form the positioning portion; the detection unit also includes a first position detector and a second position detector; the first position detector and the second position detector are arranged on the second cylinder at intervals along the length direction of the second cylinder; the detection areas of the first position detector and the second position detector are arranged in sequence along the moving path of the long rod.

6. A test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving constraint cylinder, the first constraint cylinder, and the second constraint cylinder are stacked vertically in sequence and their heights are successively reduced. The test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives includes a shear test preparation state; in the shear test preparation state, the pad is placed on the upper surface of the explosive to be tested.

7. A test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives, characterized in that: A test device for testing the response characteristics of explosives according to any one of claims 1 to 6; The test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives includes: Step S10, based on the installation of multiple test devices for testing the response characteristics of explosives, the charge of the main explosive is increased or decreased by the first step, and the shear test of the explosive to be tested is repeated multiple times; Step S20, based on the charge amount of the main explosive being increased or decreased by the first step, the shear test is repeated multiple times to obtain the initial charge threshold value of the main explosive at several reaction levels of the explosive to be tested; Step S30, based on the completion of obtaining the initial charge threshold, adjusting the charge of the main explosive within a reference charge range to perform the shear test on the explosive to be tested multiple times; the median value of the reference charge range is the initial charge threshold; Step S40 , based on the completion of multiple shear tests in which the charge amount of the main explosive is adjusted within the reference charge amount range, a final charge threshold value of the main explosive under several reaction levels of the explosive to be tested is obtained.

8. A test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S10 includes: based on the installation of multiple test devices for testing the response characteristics of the explosives, increasing or decreasing the charge of the main explosive by the first step, repeatedly performing the shear test on the explosive to be tested multiple times, and accumulating the number of first tests in which the explosive to be tested reacts at each charge; In step S20, the initial charge threshold includes a first initial threshold and a second initial threshold; the first initial threshold is the maximum charge of the main explosive in the shear test when the first test number is continuously 0; the second initial threshold is the minimum charge of the main explosive at which the explosive to be tested reacts in multiple consecutive shear tests; In step S30, the reference drug dosage range includes a first drug dosage range and a second drug dosage range; the middle value of the first drug dosage range is the first initial threshold value; the middle value of the second drug dosage range is the second initial threshold value; In step S40, the final charge threshold includes a first final threshold and a second final threshold; the first final threshold is the maximum charge of the main explosive at which the explosive to be tested undergoes 0% reaction; and the second final threshold is the minimum charge of the main explosive at which the explosive to be tested undergoes 100% reaction.

9. A test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step S30 includes step S31 and step S32; The step S31 includes: based on the completion of obtaining the first initial threshold, adjusting the charge of the main explosive by a second step length within the first charge range, and repeating the shear test of the explosive to be tested multiple times; when the charge of the main explosive is less than the first initial threshold, the second step length remains unchanged as the number of shear tests increases; when the charge of the main explosive is greater than the first initial threshold, the second step length decreases sequentially as the number of shear tests increases; The step S32 includes: based on the completion of obtaining the second initial threshold, adjusting the charge of the main explosive by a third step within the second charge range, and repeating the shear test of the explosive to be tested multiple times; when the charge of the main explosive is less than the second initial threshold, the third step remains constant as the number of the shear tests increases; when the charge of the main explosive is greater than the second initial threshold, the third step gradually decreases as the number of the shear tests increases.

10. A test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives according to claim 8, characterized in that: The test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives also includes: Step S50, said step S50 includes step S51 and step S52; Step S51: Based on the completion of obtaining the first final threshold, the shear test of the explosive to be tested is performed with the charge amount of the main explosive at the first final threshold; Step S52: completing the shear test of the explosive to be tested at the first final threshold value based on the charge of the main explosive, and obtaining a first acceleration and a first pressure of a loading unit of the testing device; the testing device further comprising a detection unit; the detection unit comprising an acceleration sensor and a pressure sensor; the acceleration sensor being detachably connected to a long rod of the loading unit; and the pressure sensor being detachably connected to the long rod of the loading unit. Step S60, said step S60 includes step S61 and step S62; Step S61: Based on the completion of obtaining the second final threshold, the shear test of the explosive to be tested is performed with the charge amount of the main explosive being at the second final threshold; Step S62 , completing the shear test of the explosive to be tested at the second final threshold value based on the charge amount of the main explosive, and obtaining a second acceleration and a second pressure of the loading unit of the test device.

11. A test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives according to claim 8, characterized in that: The test method for testing the response characteristics of explosives also includes: Step S70, said step S70 includes step S71 and step S72; Step S71: Based on the first and second final threshold values being obtained, a speed test is performed on the charge of the main explosive at the first and second final threshold values, respectively. During the speed test, the loading chamber is a hollow chamber. The detection unit of the test apparatus includes a first position detector and a second position detector. The first and second position detectors are spaced apart along the length of the second cylinder of the second restraining cylinder of the housing unit of the test apparatus. The detection areas of the first and second position detectors are sequentially arranged along the moving path of the long rod of the loading unit of the test apparatus. Step S72 , completing the speed measurement test based on the charge amount of the main explosive with the first final threshold value and the second final threshold value in sequence, and obtaining the first flight speed and the second flight speed of the loading unit of the test device in sequence.

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