Spherical reflector
By using glass material and a spherical mirror design with hollow structure, the problem of structural deformation and rupture under temperature difference is solved, and the structural stability and optical accuracy are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510846231.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing spherical mirrors are prone to deform and rupture under the action of temperature difference, and the surface shape undergoes temperature deformation, resulting in unstable structure.
The structural design of the base layer, the intermediate interlayer and the curved surface layer are all glass materials. The intermediate interlayer has a hollow structure and is bonded and connected by glass sealing powder. The thermal expansion coefficients of each layer of materials are consistent or similar to avoid structural deformation caused by differences in the expansion coefficient of the material.
It effectively avoids structural deformation and rupture caused by the difference in material expansion coefficient, improves the structural stability and optical accuracy of the spherical mirror, and ensures the reflective performance under different temperature conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN120468983A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical devices, and in particular to a spherical reflecting mirror. Background Art
[0002] Spherical mirrors are the main structural units of ground-based telescopes. With the development of large scientific facilities and particle detection technologies at home and abroad, the scale and usage of ground-based telescopes have gradually increased, the number of mirrors has increased massively, and the demand for high-stability spherical mirrors has also increased massively.
[0003] Spherical reflectors are often constructed using a combination of various materials. For example, ground-based reflectors utilize aluminum honeycomb, glass-plastic composites, or glass-aluminum honeycomb composites. However, due to differences in the expansion coefficients of these materials, spherical reflectors are susceptible to deformation and cracking due to temperature differences, and their surface can also experience temperature-induced deformation. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a spherical reflector to solve the problem that the structure of the spherical reflector is easily deformed and broken under the action of temperature difference, and the surface shape is deformed by temperature effect.
[0005] The present invention provides a spherical reflector, comprising: a base layer, an intermediate interlayer and a curved layer stacked and connected in sequence, wherein the curved layer has a concave surface and a convex surface, the intermediate interlayer has a concave surface that matches the convex surface of the curved layer, the intermediate interlayer has a hollow structure, and the base layer, the intermediate interlayer and the curved layer are all made of glass.
[0006] Beneficial effects: The base layer, middle layer and curved layer are all made of glass material. Compared with the composite structure of heterogeneous materials, the thermal expansion coefficients of each layer are consistent or similar. In a temperature difference environment, the structural deformation and cracking problems caused by the difference in material expansion coefficients are effectively avoided, and the structural stability of the spherical reflector is greatly improved. At the same time, the glass material has good optical properties, which can ensure the optical accuracy of the spherical reflector, reduce the deformation of the surface due to temperature effects, and ensure its reflective performance under different temperature conditions.
[0007] In an optional embodiment, the substrate is flat glass.
[0008] Beneficial effects: The flat glass base layer has a simple structure and mature manufacturing process, which is conducive to reducing the production cost of the spherical reflector; its flat surface provides a stable and reliable foundation for the installation of the intermediate layer and the curved layer, which can ensure the fitting accuracy between the layers and further improve the stability of the overall structure of the spherical reflector.
[0009] In an optional embodiment, one side of the intermediate interlayer is a plane that matches the base layer, and the other side of the intermediate interlayer is a concave surface that matches the convex surface of the curved layer.
[0010] Beneficial effects: Reasonable mating surface design can effectively transfer stress between layers, making the stress distribution of the spherical reflector more uniform when subjected to external forces or temperature changes, thereby enhancing the structure's ability to resist deformation. In addition, the matching of concave and convex surfaces helps the hollow structure of the intermediate sandwich better reduce weight and improve structural strength.
[0011] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the curved layer is H1, satisfying 1mm≤H1≤5mm.
[0012] Beneficial effect: Limiting the thickness of the curved surface layer to this range can not only ensure that the curved surface layer has sufficient strength to maintain the optical curved surface shape of the spherical reflector and ensure the optical performance of the reflector, but also avoid increasing the overall weight of the spherical reflector due to excessive thickness, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost during installation, transportation and use.
[0013] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the intermediate layer is H2, satisfying 20 mm ≤ H2 ≤ 30 mm.
[0014] Beneficial effect: Limiting the thickness of the curved surface within this range reduces the possibility of cracking of the hollow structure of the intermediate layer during the composite process. Appropriate thickness helps the intermediate layer better buffer the stress from the base layer and the curved surface layer, and enhances the impact resistance of the overall structure of the spherical reflector.
[0015] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the base layer is H3, satisfying 2mm≤H3≤6mm.
[0016] Beneficial effect: By limiting the thickness of the base layer, the base layer can provide stable support for the middle layer and the curved layer while ensuring its own structural strength, so that the spherical reflector maintains the integrity of the overall structure during use.
[0017] In an optional embodiment, the outer contours of the base layer, the intermediate layer and the curved layer are consistent and are circular or regular polygonal. The diameter or diagonal length of the outer contour is D. The sum of the thicknesses of the base layer, the intermediate layer and the curved layer is H, and H / D ≥ 1 / 32.
[0018] Beneficial effect: The ratio of the overall thickness of the spherical reflector to its diameter (or diagonal) meets the specified requirements, which can ensure that the spherical reflector has sufficient structural strength and stability, so that it is not prone to bending, deformation and other problems when subjected to external forces or temperature changes, thereby ensuring the optical performance and reliability of the reflector.
[0019] In an optional embodiment, the glass material includes: soda-lime-silica glass, soda-aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass or lithium-aluminosilicate glass.
[0020] In an optional embodiment, the hollow structure on the middle interlayer is a honeycomb structure, and the pattern of the honeycomb structure includes: triangle, square, hexagon or circle.
[0021] Beneficial effects: The honeycomb structure can greatly reduce the weight of the middle layer without significantly reducing the strength of the middle layer structure, thereby reducing the overall weight of the spherical reflector and facilitating installation and use; honeycomb structures with different patterns have their own mechanical properties. The triangular honeycomb structure has good stability and can effectively disperse stress; the square honeycomb structure is easy to process and manufacture, and can evenly distribute the load to a certain extent; the hexagonal honeycomb structure has the best mechanical properties and space utilization, and can obtain the maximum structural strength with the minimum material usage; the circular honeycomb structure performs better in terms of stress concentration and can reduce the risk of structural damage caused by stress concentration.
[0022] In an optional embodiment, the base layer, the intermediate layer and the curved layer are bonded together using glass sealing powder, and the thickness of the glass sealing powder is H4, satisfying 0.1 mm ≤ H4 ≤ 0.3 mm.
[0023] Beneficial effects: The use of glass sealing powder for bonding can ensure a firm and stable connection between the base layer, the middle interlayer and the curved layer. It has good compatibility with glass materials and can avoid connection failure problems caused by differences in the expansion coefficients of the bonding material and the glass material. Limiting the thickness of the glass sealing powder can not only ensure sufficient bonding strength and ensure close bonding between the layers, but also avoid stress concentration caused by excessive thickness of the sealing powder, while reducing the impact of the sealing powder on the overall optical performance of the spherical reflector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a spherical reflector with a triangular honeycomb structure pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 2 is a side view of a spherical reflector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a spherical reflector with a regular hexagonal honeycomb structure pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0028] Description of reference numerals:
[0029] 10. Base layer; 20. Intermediate layer; 21. Hollow structure; 30. Curved layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] The following combination Figures 1 to 2 , describing embodiments of the present invention.
[0032] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a spherical reflector is provided, comprising: a base layer 10, an intermediate interlayer 20 and a curved layer 30 stacked and connected in sequence, the curved layer 30 having a concave surface and a convex surface, the intermediate interlayer 20 having a concave surface that matches the convex surface of the curved layer 30, the intermediate interlayer 20 having a hollow structure 21, and the base layer 10, the intermediate interlayer 20 and the curved layer 30 are all made of glass.
[0033] In the spherical reflector using this embodiment, the base layer 10, the intermediate layer 20 and the curved layer 30 are all made of glass material. Compared with the composite structure of heterogeneous materials, the thermal expansion coefficients of each layer of material are consistent or similar. In a temperature difference environment, the structural deformation and cracking problems caused by the difference in material expansion coefficients are effectively avoided, and the structural stability of the spherical reflector is greatly improved. At the same time, the glass material has good optical properties, which can ensure the optical accuracy of the spherical reflector, reduce the deformation of the surface due to temperature effects, and ensure its reflection performance under different temperature conditions.
[0034] It should be noted that in related technologies, spherical reflectors often use heterogeneous material composite structures such as aluminum honeycomb, glass and plastic composite, glass and aluminum honeycomb, etc. In an environment with temperature differences, the spherical reflectors formed by the above heterogeneous material composite structures will deform due to differences in material expansion coefficients.
[0035] Therefore, in this embodiment, the base layer 10 , the intermediate layer 20 and the curved layer 30 are all made of glass material, which effectively avoids structural deformation caused by differences in material expansion coefficients.
[0036] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the substrate 10 is a flat glass.
[0037] It is worth noting that the flat glass base layer 10 has a simple structure and a mature manufacturing process, which is conducive to reducing the production cost of the spherical reflector; its flat surface provides a stable and reliable foundation for the installation of the intermediate layer 20 and the curved layer 30, which can ensure the fitting accuracy between the layers and further improve the stability of the overall structure of the spherical reflector.
[0038] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, one side of the middle interlayer 20 is a plane that matches the base layer 10 , and the other side of the middle interlayer 20 is a concave surface that matches the convex surface of the curved layer 30 .
[0039] It is worth noting that a reasonable matching surface design can effectively transfer the stress between the layers, so that the stress distribution of the spherical reflector is more uniform when subjected to external force or temperature changes, thereby enhancing the structure's ability to resist deformation; and the matching mode of the concave surface and the convex surface helps the hollow structure 21 of the intermediate interlayer 20 to better play the role of reducing weight and improving structural strength.
[0040] In this embodiment, the base layer 10 , the intermediate layer 20 and the curved layer 30 are all made of industrially produced float glass, and the glass material is soda-lime-silica glass.
[0041] In other alternative embodiments, the glass material may also be selected as sodium aluminum silicate glass, borosilicate glass or lithium aluminum silicate glass.
[0042] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the thickness H1 of the curved layer 30 is 2 mm, and the radius of the curved surface of the curved layer 30 is 15000 mm-18000 mm.
[0043] It should be noted that the thickness H1 of the curved layer 30 can be selected from 1 mm to 5 mm according to actual conditions. Optionally, the thickness H1 of the curved layer 30 can be any value among 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, or a value between any two values.
[0044] It is worth noting that limiting the thickness of the curved layer 30 to within this range can not only ensure that the curved layer 30 has sufficient strength to maintain the optical curved shape of the spherical reflector and ensure the optical performance of the reflector, but also avoid increasing the overall weight of the spherical reflector due to excessive thickness, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost during installation, transportation and use.
[0045] In this embodiment, if Figure 2As shown, the thickness H2 of the middle interlayer 20 is 24 mm, and the hollow structure 21 on the middle interlayer 20 is a honeycomb structure, and the pattern of the honeycomb structure is a triangle.
[0046] It should be noted that, in other alternative embodiments, the pattern of the honeycomb structure can also be selected as a regular hexagon (such as Figure 3 ), square or round, etc.
[0047] It should be noted that in engineering, the thickness of glass has a decisive influence on its rigidity and surface shape. As the glass thickness increases, the bending rigidity and natural frequency of the reflector increase, and the mirror surface's ability to maintain its shape under gravity improves. The thickness H2 of the interlayer 20 can be selected from 20 mm to 30 mm according to actual conditions. Optionally, the thickness H2 of the interlayer 20 can be any value among 20 mm, 21 mm, 22 mm, 23 mm, 24 mm, 25 mm, 26 mm, 27 mm, 28 mm, 29 mm, and 30 mm, or a value between any two of these values.
[0048] It should be noted that the glass of the middle interlayer 20 is float glass. In the process production, the maximum size of float glass is 30 mm. If it exceeds 30 mm, the production process of float glass is difficult to implement. It was found in the process production that when H1 is less than 20, the deformation of the honeycomb structure itself during the processing is large and it is easy to crack during the composite process.
[0049] It is worth noting that the honeycomb structure can greatly reduce the weight of the intermediate layer 20 without significantly reducing the structural strength of the intermediate layer 20, thereby reducing the overall weight of the spherical reflector and facilitating installation and use; honeycomb structures of different patterns have their own mechanical properties, and the triangular honeycomb structure has good stability and can effectively disperse stress; the thickness of the curved surface is limited within a specified range to reduce the possibility of cracking of the hollow structure 21 of the intermediate layer 20 during the composite process, and the appropriate thickness helps the intermediate layer 20 to better buffer the stress from the base layer 10 and the curved layer 30, thereby enhancing the impact resistance of the overall structure of the spherical reflector.
[0050] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the thickness H3 of the base layer 10 is 2 mm.
[0051] It should be noted that the thickness H3 of the base layer 10 can be selected from 2 mm to 6 mm according to actual conditions. Optionally, the thickness H3 of the base layer 10 is any value among 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, 5.5 mm, 6 mm, or a value between any two values.
[0052] It is worth noting that by limiting the thickness of the base layer 10, the base layer 10 can provide stable support for the intermediate layer 20 and the curved layer 30 while ensuring its own structural strength, so that the spherical reflector maintains the integrity of the overall structure during use.
[0053] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the outer contours of the base layer 10, the intermediate layer 20 and the curved layer 30 are consistent and are regular hexagons, and the length of the outer contour diagonal is D, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the sum of the thicknesses of the base layer 10 , the intermediate layer 20 and the curved layer 30 is H, and H / D≥1 / 32.
[0054] It should be noted that, in other alternative embodiments, the outer contours of the base layer 10 , the intermediate layer 20 and the curved layer 30 may also be circles or other regular polygons.
[0055] It is worth noting that the ratio of the overall thickness of the spherical reflector to the length of the diagonal meets the specified requirements, which can ensure that the spherical reflector has sufficient structural strength and stability, so that it is not prone to bending, deformation and other problems when subjected to external forces or temperature changes, thereby ensuring the optical performance and reliability of the reflector.
[0056] In one embodiment, the base layer 10 , the intermediate layer 20 and the curved layer 30 are bonded together using glass sealing powder, and the thickness H4 of the glass sealing powder is 0.2 mm.
[0057] Specifically, the curing temperature of the glass sealing powder is 380° C. to 450° C., and the curing temperature of the glass sealing powder is at least 20° C. lower than the strain point of the glass to reduce deformation of the glass itself during the curing process.
[0058] It should be noted that the glass sealing powder is selected to be a low-temperature glass sealing powder having a coefficient of expansion close to that of each layer of glass.
[0059] It should be noted that the thickness H4 of the glass sealing powder can be selected from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm according to actual conditions. Optionally, the thickness H4 of the glass sealing powder can be any value among 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 3 mm, or a value between any two values.
[0060] It should be noted that when H4>0.3mm, the glass sealing powder is too thick, which may easily lead to stress concentration on the spherical reflector; when H4<0.1mm, the glass sealing powder is too thin, and the connection strength of the base layer 10, the intermediate layer 20 and the curved layer 30 is difficult to ensure.
[0061] It is worth noting that the use of glass sealing powder for bonding can ensure a firm and stable connection between the base layer 10, the intermediate layer 20 and the curved layer 30. It has good compatibility with the glass material and can avoid connection failure problems caused by differences in the expansion coefficients of the bonding material and the glass material. Limiting the thickness of the glass sealing powder within an appropriate range can not only ensure sufficient bonding strength and ensure close bonding between the layers, but also avoid stress concentration caused by excessive thickness of the sealing powder, while reducing the impact of the sealing powder on the overall optical properties of the spherical reflector.
[0062] To manufacture the spherical reflector of this embodiment, first, the curved layer 30 is heat-bent into a fixed shape with the help of a mold; then, the intermediate layer 20 is lightweight processed to a preset curvature radius and processed to form a hollow structure 21; thereafter, the base layer 10 is processed to a preset size using equipment; finally, the base layer 10, the intermediate layer 20 and the curved layer 30 are positioned and composited, and then bonded using glass sealing powder.
[0063] The spherical reflector is subjected to a temperature change test. The specific steps include: keeping the spherical reflector at -35°C for 1 hour, heating it to 50°C at a rate of 1°C / min and keeping it for 1 hour, returning it to room temperature, and then testing the curvature radius. The specific structure is shown in the table below.
[0064]
[0065] Specifically, in the embodiment, the material of each layer of the spherical reflector is made of materials with the same expansion coefficient, while in the comparative example, the material of each layer of the spherical reflector is made of materials with different expansion coefficients.
[0066] The test results show that the radius of curvature in the embodiment remains essentially unchanged, while the radius of curvature in the comparative example does change. This is understandable because the thermal expansion coefficients of the various layers of material are consistent or similar, effectively preventing structural deformation due to differences in material expansion coefficients in temperature environments.
[0067] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the present invention.
Claims
1. A spherical reflector, characterized in that: include: A base layer (10), an intermediate interlayer (20), and a curved layer (30) are sequentially stacked and connected, wherein the curved layer (30) has a concave surface and a convex surface, the intermediate interlayer (20) has a concave surface that matches the convex surface of the curved layer (30), and the intermediate interlayer (20) has a hollow structure (21). The base layer (10), the intermediate interlayer (20), and the curved layer (30) are all made of glass materials.
2. The spherical reflector according to claim 1, wherein: The base layer (10) is flat glass.
3. The spherical reflector according to claim 2, wherein: One side of the intermediate interlayer (20) is a plane that matches the base layer (10), and the other side of the intermediate interlayer (20) is a concave surface that matches the convex surface of the curved layer (30).
4. The spherical reflector according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the curved surface layer (30) is H1, which satisfies 1mm≤H1≤5mm.
5. The spherical reflector according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the intermediate interlayer (20) is H2, which satisfies 20 mm ≤ H2 ≤ 30 mm.
6. The spherical reflector according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the base layer (10) is H3, which satisfies 2mm≤H3≤6mm.
7. The spherical reflector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The outer contours of the base layer (10), the intermediate interlayer (20) and the curved surface layer (30) are consistent and are circular or regular polygonal. The diameter or diagonal length of the outer contour is D. The sum of the thicknesses of the base layer (10), the intermediate interlayer (20) and the curved surface layer (30) is H, and H / D is ≥1 / 32.
8. The spherical reflector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The glass material includes: soda-lime-silica glass, soda-aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass or lithium-aluminosilicate glass.
9. The spherical reflector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hollow structure (21) on the middle interlayer (20) is a honeycomb structure, and the pattern of the honeycomb structure includes: triangle, square, hexagon or circle.
10. The spherical reflector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The base layer (10), the intermediate layer (20) and the curved layer (30) are bonded together using glass sealing powder, and the thickness of the glass sealing powder is H4, satisfying 0.1 mm ≤ H4 ≤ 0.3 mm.