Holographic aiming system and observation equipment
Through the combination of holograms, laser modules, light conversion modules and diffraction optical components in the holographic aiming system, the invisible light is converted into visible light and superimposed, and the aiming difficulties of the holographic aiming system in low light or complex environments are solved, and fast and accurate aiming is achieved in these environments.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510635773.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing holographic aiming systems cannot quickly and accurately target specific targets in low light or complex environments.
The combination of holograms, laser modules, light conversion modules and diffraction optical elements is adopted to convert invisible light into visible light, and the diffraction optical elements are superimposed parallel to the visible light to increase image information.
In low light and complex environments, the human eye's ability to observe and distinguish objects is enhanced, achieving fast and accurate aiming.
Smart Images
Figure CN120469059A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular to a holographic aiming system and observation equipment. Background Art
[0002] A holographic aiming system is an optical aiming system that uses holographic technology to display an aiming point. The core of this system is a hologram that records an aiming point (such as a red dot or reticle). When a laser of a specific wavelength is illuminated at a specific angle, the hologram diffracts light to reconstruct an image of the aiming point, which is then superimposed on the aiming system's viewing window.
[0003] However, existing holographic aiming systems can only be used in visible light environments, which greatly limits their application range. For example, at night, in low-light environments, or in complex environments such as dense forests with obstructions and camouflage (resulting in light obstruction), heavy rain, and snow, relying solely on visible light for aiming cannot provide sufficient image clarity and cannot quickly target a specific target. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The present invention provides a holographic aiming system and an observation device, which are used to solve the problem that the holographic aiming system in the prior art cannot aim quickly and accurately in low light or complex environments.
[0005] The present invention provides a holographic aiming system, comprising: a hologram, a laser module, a light conversion module and a diffractive optical element, wherein the hologram and the diffractive optical element are arranged side by side, and the optical axis of the hologram is parallel to the optical axis of the diffractive optical element; The hologram is used to diffract the laser light emitted by the laser module to form an aiming point light that is parallel to and has the same direction as the first visible light passing through the hologram and the diffractive optical element; The light conversion module is used to convert the invisible light into a second visible light, and project the second visible light onto the diffractive optical element; The diffractive optical element is used to diffract the second visible light so that the diffracted second visible light is parallel to the first visible light and has the same direction.
[0006] According to a holographic aiming system provided by the present invention, the light conversion module includes: a photoelectric conversion module, a signal processing module and a second visible light conversion module; The photoelectric conversion module is used to convert invisible light into electrical signals; The signal processing module is used to modulate the electrical signal and output the modulated electrical signal to the second visible light conversion module; The second visible light conversion module is used to convert the modulated electrical signal into the second visible light, and project the second visible light onto the diffractive optical element.
[0007] According to a holographic aiming system provided by the present invention, the photoelectric conversion module includes: an invisible light focusing module and a detector, and the detector is connected to the signal processing module; The invisible light focusing module is used to focus the invisible light onto the detector; The detector is used to convert invisible light into electrical signals and transmit the converted electrical signals to the signal processing module.
[0008] According to a holographic aiming system provided by the present invention, the invisible light is infrared light and the detector is an infrared detector, or the invisible light is ultraviolet light and the detector is an ultraviolet detector, or the invisible light is millimeter wave and the detector is a millimeter wave detector.
[0009] According to a holographic aiming system provided by the present invention, the second visible light conversion module includes: a display screen and a visible light collimation module, and the display screen is connected to the signal processing module; The display screen is used to receive the electrical signal modulated by the signal processing module and display a corresponding image under the drive of the electrical signal; The visible light collimating module is used to collimate the image light displayed on the display screen to generate the second visible light, and project the second visible light onto the diffractive optical element.
[0010] According to a holographic aiming system provided by the present invention, the diffraction optical element is a transmission-type diffraction optical element, which is located on the first side of the hologram, the first side of the hologram is the incident side on which the first visible light enters the hologram, and the second visible light conversion module is located on the incident side of the diffraction optical element on which the first visible light is incident.
[0011] According to a holographic aiming system provided by the present invention, the diffraction optical element is a reflective diffraction optical element, which is located on the second side of the hologram, the second side of the hologram is the exit side of the hologram through which the first visible light transmits, and the second visible light conversion module is located on the exit side of the diffraction optical element through which the first visible light is emitted.
[0012] According to a holographic aiming system provided by the present invention, the optical axis of the hologram coincides with the optical axis of the diffractive optical element.
[0013] A holographic aiming system provided according to the present invention further includes: a control switch connected to the light conversion module and used to control the light conversion module to be turned on or off.
[0014] The present invention also provides an observation device, comprising: the holographic aiming system described in any one of the above items.
[0015] The holographic aiming system and observation equipment provided by the present invention convert invisible light into a second visible light through a light conversion module, and project the second visible light onto the diffractive optical element. The diffractive optical element diffracts the second visible light so that the diffracted second visible light is parallel to and oriented in the same direction as the first visible light that has passed through the hologram and the diffractive optical element. The second visible light converted from the invisible light is then diffracted by the diffractive optical element and then superimposed with the first visible light that has directly passed through the hologram and the diffractive optical element, thereby increasing the image information entering the human eye and enhancing the human eye's ability to observe and resolve external objects. Combined with the aiming point light formed by the hologram diffraction laser, which is parallel to and oriented in the same direction as the first visible light, the human eye can observe clear images even in low light and complex environments, thereby enabling rapid aiming at specific targets within the image. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0017] Figure 1 This is one of the structural diagrams of the holographic aiming system provided by the present invention.
[0018] Figure 2 This is the second structural diagram of the holographic aiming system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] The holographic aiming system of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a hologram 122, a laser module, a light conversion module and a diffractive optical element 115. The hologram 122 and the diffractive optical element 115 are arranged side by side, and the optical axis of the hologram 122 is parallel to the optical axis of the diffractive optical element 115 to ensure that the focal plane of the external object image is parallel to the hologram 122, so that the object image is parallel to the image of the aiming point on the hologram 122 without an angle difference, so as to achieve precise aiming.
[0021] The hologram 122 is used to diffract the laser light emitted by the laser module to form an aiming point light 232 that is parallel to and has the same direction as the first visible light 210 passing through the hologram 122 and the diffractive optical element 115 , ie, the light emitted by the aiming point image.
[0022] The light conversion module is used to convert the invisible light 220 into a second visible light 223 and project the second visible light 223 onto the diffractive optical element 115. To ensure that the human eye can see the target scene, there must be no obstacles on the incident light path of the first visible light 210. Therefore, the light conversion module must project the second visible light 223 onto the diffractive optical element 115 from one side of the optical axis of the diffractive optical element 115. In other words, the second visible light 223 enters the diffractive optical element 115 at a predetermined angle of incidence that is different from the angle of incidence of the first visible light 210.
[0023] Diffractive optical element 115 is used to diffract second visible light 223, causing the diffracted second visible light 223, i.e., diffracted light 224, to be parallel to and aligned with first visible light 210. This allows the superposition of diffracted light 224 corresponding to second visible light 223, first visible light 210, and aiming point light 232 to enter the human eye. The superposition of invisible and visible light increases the amount of image information entering the human eye, enabling a clear image to be observed even in low-light environments. Combined with the superposition of aiming point light 232, this allows for quick and accurate aiming in low-light environments.
[0024] It should be noted that the diffractive optical element 115 contains microstructures on the order of wavelengths or even smaller than the wavelength. These structures can cause phase or amplitude changes in the light beam, enabling it to exhibit specific optical functions on a macroscopic scale for light beams within a specific range of incident angles and wavelengths. (For example, for a transmissive diffractive optical element 115, when visible light meets a predetermined incident angle and / or wavelength, the light is diffracted to a position parallel to the optical axis of the diffractive optical element 115 or at a small angle (e.g., within 5°) to the optical axis, and then transmits out of the diffractive optical element 115.) However, light beams with other wavelengths or angles do not produce these specific macroscopic optical functions. In other words, the diffraction is selective with respect to the angle and wavelength of the incident light beam. In this embodiment, the laser module may include a laser 120 and a laser optical module 121. Laser light 230 generated by the laser 120 is modulated by the laser optical module 121 and converted into a parallel laser beam 231. The laser optical module 121 then projects the parallel laser beam 231 onto the hologram 122. The hologram 122 then diffracts the received parallel laser beam 231 into a target point ray 232 visible to the human eye.
[0025] In this embodiment, the holographic aiming system converts invisible light 220 into second visible light 223 via a light conversion module, and projects this second visible light 223 onto the diffractive optical element 115. The diffractive optical element 115 diffracts the second visible light 223, causing it to be parallel and aligned in direction with the first visible light 210 that passed through the hologram 122 and the diffractive optical element 115. This superposition of the second visible light 223 converted from the invisible light 220 and diffracted by the diffractive optical element 115 (diffracted light 224) and the first visible light 210 that directly passed through the hologram and the diffractive optical element increases the image information entering the human eye, enhancing the human eye's ability to observe and resolve external objects. Combined with the aiming point light 232 formed by the laser diffraction from the hologram 122, which is parallel and aligned in direction with the first visible light 210, the human eye can clearly observe an object even in low light and complex environments, allowing for rapid aiming at a specific target within the image.
[0026] In some embodiments, the light conversion module includes: a photoelectric conversion module, a signal processing module 112 and a second visible light conversion module.
[0027] The photoelectric conversion module is used to convert the invisible light 220 into an electrical signal.
[0028] The signal processing module 112 is used to modulate the electrical signal and output the modulated electrical signal to the second visible light conversion module. Specifically, the signal processing module 112 can be a chip with a signal modulation function, such as a microprocessor (MCU).
[0029] The second visible light conversion module is configured to convert the modulated electrical signal into second visible light 223 , and project the second visible light 223 onto the diffractive optical element 115 .
[0030] In this embodiment, the invisible light 220 is converted into an electrical signal, the electrical signal is modulated, and then the modulated electrical signal is converted into the second visible light 223 , thereby achieving conversion from invisible light to visible light.
[0031] In some embodiments, the photoelectric conversion module includes: an invisible light focusing module 110 and a detector 111 , and the detector 111 is connected to a signal processing module 112 .
[0032] The invisible light focusing module 110 is used to focus the invisible light 220 onto the detector 111. Specifically, the invisible light focusing module 110 converges the invisible light 220 to form a converged light 221, and focuses the invisible light 220 at the same angle or direction into a single point. In other words, the converged light 221 of the invisible light 220 at the same angle or direction converges to the focal point of the invisible light focusing module 110. The invisible light focusing module 110 can have a single lens structure or a structure composed of multiple lenses.
[0033] Detector 111 is used to convert invisible light into electrical signals and transmit the converted electrical signals to signal processing module 112. Detector 111 is located at the focal plane of invisible light focusing module 110 so that invisible light 220 can be focused onto detector 111. Detector 111 can be a CCD or CMOS device that senses invisible light 220, such as an indium gallium arsenide detector or a mercury cadmium telluride detector.
[0034] In some embodiments, the second visible light conversion module includes a display screen 113 and a visible light collimating module 114 , and the display screen 113 is connected to the signal processing module 112 .
[0035] The display screen 113 is used to receive the electrical signal modulated by the signal processing module 112, and display the corresponding image under the drive of the electrical signal, that is, the display screen 113 displays the image corresponding to the invisible light 220, and the image light 222 emitted by the image on the display screen 113 belongs to visible light, thereby converting the invisible light 220 representing the external object into visible image light 222.
[0036] The visible light collimating module 114 is used to collimate the image light 222 displayed on the display screen 113 to generate second visible light 223, and project the second visible light 223 onto the diffractive optical element 115. Because the image light 222 for each pixel on the display screen 113 is divergent, the visible light collimating module 114 is required to convert the divergent light into parallel light to form the second visible light 223.
[0037] The visible light collimating module 114 may be a single lens structure or a structure composed of multiple lenses.
[0038] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 As shown, the diffractive optical element 115 is a transmissive diffractive optical element, which is located on the first side of the hologram 122. The first side of the hologram 122 is the incident side of the first visible light 210 entering the hologram 122. The second visible light conversion module is located on the incident side of the diffractive optical element 115 on which the first visible light 210 enters. Figure 1 The display screen 113 and the visible light collimating module 114 constituting the second visible light conversion module are located on the incident side of the diffractive optical element 115 where the first visible light 210 is incident. The second visible light 223 is diffracted by the diffractive optical element 115 in a transmission manner to form a diffracted light 224 parallel to the first visible light 210.
[0039] The transmissive diffractive optical element 115 can be designed based on the internal structure of the holographic aiming system. Specifically, the transmissive diffractive optical element 115 can be designed based on the angle (i.e., incident angle) and / or wavelength of the visible light incident on the transmissive diffractive optical element 115. For example, since the aiming point light 232 is directly viewed by the human eye, the aiming point light 232 is also visible light. Figure 1 In the embodiment, the internal structure of the holographic aiming system is designed, and the laser module is located on the incident side of the transmissive diffraction optical element 115 where the first visible light 210 is incident, and is closer to the transmissive diffraction optical element 115 than the second visible light conversion module, so that the incident angle of the parallel laser beam 231 generated by the laser module is greater than the incident angle of the second visible light 223 converted by the second visible light conversion module and the incident angle of the first visible light 210. The transmissive diffractive optical element 115 is designed so that its first incident angle threshold range is smaller than the incident angle of the parallel laser beam 231 and larger than the incident angle of the first visible light 210. When the incident angle of visible light (such as the second visible light 223) is within the first incident angle threshold range, the visible light is diffracted by the transmissive diffractive optical element 115 and then transmits out of the transmissive diffractive optical element 115 parallel to the optical axis of the transmissive diffractive optical element 115 or at a small angle (such as within 5°) with the optical axis. This makes the second visible light 223 substantially parallel to the first visible light 210, which is parallel to the optical axis. When the incident angle of visible light (such as the parallel laser beam 231 and the first visible light 210) is not within the first incident angle threshold range, the visible light is not diffracted and can directly transmit out of the transmissive diffractive optical element 115.
[0040] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, the diffractive optical element 115 is a reflective diffractive optical element, which is located on the second side of the hologram 122. The second side of the hologram 122 is the exit side of the first visible light 210 passing through the hologram 122. The second visible light conversion module is located on the exit side of the diffractive optical element 115 from which the first visible light 210 emerges. Figure 2 The display screen 113 and the visible light collimating module 114 constituting the second visible light conversion module are located on the exit side of the diffractive optical element 115 from which the first visible light 210 is emitted. The second visible light 223 is diffracted by the diffractive optical element 115 in a reflective manner to form a diffracted light 224 parallel to the first visible light 210.
[0041] The reflective diffractive optical element 115 can be designed according to the internal structure of the holographic aiming system. Specifically, the reflective diffractive optical element 115 can be designed according to the angle (i.e., incident angle) and / or wavelength of the visible light incident on the reflective diffractive optical element 115. For example, since the aiming point light is directly viewed by the human eye, the aiming point light is also visible light. Figure 2In the embodiment, the internal structure of the holographic aiming system is designed, the laser module is located at the incident side of the reflective diffraction optical element 115 where the first visible light 210 is incident, and the second visible light conversion module is located at the exit side of the diffraction optical element 115 where the first visible light 210 is emitted, so that the second visible light is incident on the diffraction optical element 115 from the exit side of the first visible light 210 emitted by the reflective diffraction optical element 115. The reflective diffractive optical element 115 is designed such that a second incident angle threshold range on the exit side of the diffractive optical element 115, from which the first visible light 210 exits, is greater than 0°. When visible light is incident within the second incident angle threshold range, the visible light (e.g., the second visible light 223) is diffracted by the reflective diffractive optical element 115 and then reflected from the reflective diffractive optical element 115 parallel to the optical axis of the reflective diffractive optical element 115 or at a small angle (e.g., within 5°) with the optical axis. This results in the second visible light 223 being substantially parallel to the first visible light 210, which is parallel to the optical axis. When visible light (e.g., the parallel laser beam 231 and the first visible light 210) enters the reflective diffractive optical element 115 from the incident side of the first visible light 210, the visible light is not diffracted and is directly transmitted through the reflective diffractive optical element 115.
[0042] It should be noted that: Figure 1 and Figure 2 There are two optical path structures in the holographic aiming system. The appropriate optical path structure can be selected according to the internal design structure and space size of the holographic aiming system.
[0043] In some embodiments, the optical axis of the hologram 122 coincides with the optical axis of the diffractive optical element 115. The spatial overlap area of the diffracted light of the hologram 122 and the diffractive optical element 115 is maximized, which means that the effective observation range of the human eye can be maximized, expanding the human eye's observation field.
[0044] In some embodiments, the diffractive optical element 115 includes at least one of a holographic optical element, a binary optical element, a relief grating, a metasurface element, and a micro-nano optical device. The diffractive optical element 115 may be a single holographic optical element, a binary optical element, a relief grating, a metasurface element, or a micro-nano optical device. Alternatively, the diffractive optical element 115 may be formed by stacking multiple holographic optical elements side by side.
[0045] In some embodiments, the invisible light 220 may be infrared light, and the detector 111 may be an infrared detector, thereby converting the infrared light into the second visible light 223. Alternatively, the invisible light 220 may be ultraviolet light, and the detector 111 may be an ultraviolet detector, thereby converting the ultraviolet light into the second visible light 223. Alternatively, the invisible light 220 may be millimeter waves, and the detector 111 may be a millimeter wave detector, thereby converting the millimeter waves into the second visible light 223.
[0046] When the invisible light 220 is infrared light, an image of the thermal imaging image, ie, diffracted light 224 , can be observed simultaneously during aiming.
[0047] When the invisible light 220 is ultraviolet light, the diffracted light 224 corresponding to the ultraviolet light can be observed simultaneously during aiming, and is used to track body fluids on the ground (such as wiped blood) and footprints covered by snow in the snow (the snow is more compacted where the feet have stepped on it).
[0048] When the invisible light 220 is a millimeter wave, the diffracted light 224 corresponding to the millimeter wave can be observed simultaneously during aiming. Millimeter waves can penetrate clothing but not skin, so it is possible to observe whether the person being aimed at is carrying any dangerous items.
[0049] In some embodiments, the holographic aiming system further includes a control switch (not shown) connected to the light conversion module for controlling the light conversion module's on and off. The control switch can be controlled by the aimer. When the aimer observes through the observation window of the holographic aiming system, if the illumination is low and the image is unclear, the control switch activates the light conversion module to increase the image information entering the eye. If the illumination is high, the light conversion module does not need to be activated to save energy.
[0050] Specifically, if Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the control switch may be an electric switch that controls at least one of the detector 111 , the signal processing module 112 and the display screen 113 , or a light shield that controls blocking or opening the invisible light path.
[0051] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an observation device, comprising: a holographic aiming system according to any of the aforementioned embodiments. The observation device may be a head-mounted display device, binoculars, a sight, or other device. Because the observation device includes the holographic aiming system according to any of the aforementioned embodiments, when using the observation device to aim at or observe a target in low light or complex environments, the human eye can also observe a clear image of the object, thereby enabling rapid aiming or locating of a specific target within the image.
[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A holographic aiming system, characterized in that: include: A hologram, a laser module, a light conversion module and a diffractive optical element, wherein the hologram and the diffractive optical element are arranged side by side, and the optical axis of the hologram is parallel to the optical axis of the diffractive optical element; The hologram is used to diffract the laser light emitted by the laser module to form an aiming point light that is parallel to and has the same direction as the first visible light passing through the hologram and the diffractive optical element; The light conversion module is used to convert the invisible light into a second visible light, and project the second visible light onto the diffractive optical element; The diffractive optical element is used to diffract the second visible light so that the diffracted second visible light is parallel to the first visible light and has the same direction.
2. The holographic aiming system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light conversion module includes: a photoelectric conversion module, a signal processing module and a second visible light conversion module; The photoelectric conversion module is used to convert invisible light into electrical signals; The signal processing module is used to modulate the electrical signal and output the modulated electrical signal to the second visible light conversion module; The second visible light conversion module is used to convert the modulated electrical signal into the second visible light, and project the second visible light onto the diffractive optical element.
3. The holographic aiming system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photoelectric conversion module includes: an invisible light focusing module and a detector, and the detector is connected to the signal processing module; The invisible light focusing module is used to focus the invisible light onto the detector; The detector is used to convert invisible light into electrical signals and transmit the converted electrical signals to the signal processing module.
4. The holographic aiming system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invisible light is infrared light, and the detector is an infrared detector; or the invisible light is ultraviolet light, and the detector is an ultraviolet detector; or the invisible light is millimeter wave, and the detector is a millimeter wave detector.
5. The holographic aiming system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second visible light conversion module includes: a display screen and a visible light collimation module, and the display screen is connected to the signal processing module; The display screen is used to receive the electrical signal modulated by the signal processing module and display a corresponding image under the drive of the electrical signal; The visible light collimating module is used to collimate the image light displayed on the display screen to generate the second visible light, and project the second visible light onto the diffractive optical element.
6. The holographic aiming system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diffractive optical element is a transmissive diffractive optical element and is located on a first side of the hologram, where the first visible light enters the hologram. The second visible light conversion module is located on the incident side of the diffractive optical element where the first visible light enters the hologram.
7. The holographic aiming system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diffractive optical element is a reflective diffractive optical element, which is located on the second side of the hologram. The second side of the hologram is the exit side of the first visible light passing through the hologram. The second visible light conversion module is located on the exit side of the diffractive optical element from which the first visible light is emitted.
8. The holographic aiming system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The optical axis of the hologram coincides with the optical axis of the diffractive optical element.
9. The holographic aiming system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A control switch is connected to the light conversion module and is used to control the light conversion module to be turned on or off.
10. An observation device, characterized in that: include: The holographic aiming system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.