Dam safety intelligent monitoring and early warning method, dam safety field monitoring equipment and monitoring center platform

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering safety monitoring, and particularly relates to a dam safety intelligent monitoring and early warning method, dam safety field monitoring equipment and a monitoring center platform. The method comprises the following steps: uploading acquired dam safety data in each monitoring point in a wired mode and a wireless mode; and when the dam safety data uploaded in the wired or wireless mode suddenly changes and lasts for a set time, comparing the historical dam safety data before the sudden change and / or comparing the dam safety data in another mode to timely judge the reason causing the sudden change and judge that the dam has a dangerous case, so that the safety of the dam is ensured. Whether the monitoring sensor corresponding to the abrupt dam safety data breaks down or the communication link is abnormal is judged, corresponding early warning is carried out according to the judgment result, and the accuracy and timeliness of dam safety early warning are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy project safety monitoring, and in particular relates to a dam safety intelligent monitoring and early warning method, dam safety on-site monitoring equipment and a monitoring center platform. Background Art

[0002] Dam seepage and seepage pressure are important factors affecting reservoir safety. Excessive seepage and seepage pressure can cause dam instability or even dam failure, so it is necessary to monitor the seepage and seepage pressure of the dam. Traditional monitoring methods mainly involve laying a large number of cables on the dam, setting monitoring points on the dam body, and deploying piezometers or seepage meters at the monitoring points. The data collected by the piezometers and seepage meters are transmitted via cables to the monitoring center platform for data analysis. Because some dams are located in remote areas or have complex terrain, cables are easily affected by environmental factors, resulting in communication failures or data errors when transmitting seepage pressure and seepage data via cables. In addition, the complex cable wiring makes it difficult for maintenance personnel to immediately repair damaged cables. As a result, the monitoring center platform is unable to obtain dam seepage and seepage pressure data in a timely and accurate manner. This leads to poor accuracy and real-time performance of dam safety monitoring and the inability to detect safety hazards in a timely manner. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent dam safety monitoring and early warning method, dam safety on-site monitoring equipment and a monitoring center platform, so as to solve the problem that the existing dam safety monitoring method uses cables to transmit monitoring data, which easily leads to poor accuracy and real-time performance of dam safety monitoring.

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an intelligent dam safety monitoring and early warning method, comprising: at each monitoring point, the collected dam safety data is uploaded via wired and wireless modes respectively; the wireless mode refers to deploying distributed collection units at the monitoring points, and utilizing the wireless communication modules of the distributed collection units to upload the dam safety data; the dam safety data includes seepage pressure data or seepage data; when the dam safety data uploaded via wired or wireless modes suddenly changes and lasts for a set time, the data is compared with the historical dam safety data before the sudden change, and / or compared with the dam safety data collected via another mode, so as to determine whether the monitoring sensor corresponding to the sudden change of the dam safety data is faulty or the communication link is abnormal, or whether the dam is in danger, and a corresponding early warning is issued based on the judgment result.

[0005] Furthermore, the process of using the historical dam safety data before the mutation for comparison is to calculate the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole within the set time before the fault based on the historical dam safety data before the mutation; when the mutation data exceeds the alarm threshold and the deviation between the mutation data and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole within the set time before the fault is greater than or equal to the set deviation value, it is judged that the monitoring sensor corresponding to the dam safety data of the mutation is faulty or the communication link is abnormal; when the mutation data exceeds the alarm threshold and the deviation between the mutation data and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole within the set time before the fault is less than the set deviation value, it is judged that the dam is in danger.

[0006] Furthermore, the process of comparing the dam safety data using another method is to obtain the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two methods within the duration; when the dam safety data of the other method has not changed suddenly and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two methods is inconsistent within the duration, it is judged that the monitoring sensor corresponding to the sudden change of the dam safety data is faulty or the communication link is abnormal; when the dam safety data of the two methods remain consistent and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two methods is consistent within the duration, it is judged that the dam is in danger.

[0007] Furthermore, a monitoring sensor is set in each monitoring point, and the dam safety data collected by the monitoring sensor is sent up via wired and wireless modes respectively; or two monitoring sensors of the same type are set in each monitoring point, and the dam safety data collected by one monitoring sensor is sent up via wired mode, and the dam safety data collected by the other monitoring sensor is sent up via wireless mode.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the present invention is a pioneering invention, in which distributed collection units capable of wireless communication are deployed in each monitoring point, and the dam safety data of the monitoring point is uploaded wirelessly by using the distributed collection units, and the dam safety data of the monitoring point is also uploaded by wired means. When a mutation data is detected and the mutation lasts for a period of time, a comparative analysis is performed based on the stored historical dam safety data and / or dam safety data in another way, so as to timely determine the cause of the mutation, avoid misjudging the data mutation as a dam danger due to sensor failure or communication failure, thereby improving the accuracy of dam safety early warning, and at the same time, it can also promptly remind staff to repair or replace equipment when the monitoring sensor fails, and promptly remind staff to repair when the communication link is abnormal, and can use data transmitted by the normal communication link to make risk judgments, avoid the inability to accurately and timely obtain dam safety data due to communication failure, thereby improving the accuracy and real-time performance of dam safety monitoring.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a dam safety on-site monitoring equipment, including a pressure measuring tube, a monitoring sensor and a wired transmission module. The pressure measuring tube is arranged at each monitoring point; the monitoring sensor is arranged in the pressure measuring tube, including a seepage pressure sensor or a seepage flow sensor, which is used to collect dam safety data in the monitoring point; the wired transmission module is used to upload the dam safety data via a wired manner; and it also includes a distributed acquisition unit, which includes a data acquisition module and a wireless communication module. The data acquisition module is used to obtain and process the dam safety data collected by the monitoring sensor in the monitoring point, and the wireless communication module is used to upload the dam safety data processed by the data acquisition module via a wireless manner.

[0010] Furthermore, a monitoring sensor is set in the pressure measuring tube in each monitoring point, and the monitoring sensor is respectively connected to the wired communication module and the distributed acquisition unit; or two monitoring sensors of the same type are set in the pressure measuring tube in each monitoring point, one of which is connected to the wired communication module and the other is connected to the distributed acquisition unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the on-site monitoring equipment also includes a convergence unit, which is connected to the wired communication module and each distributed collection unit, and is used to receive dam safety data sent wirelessly by each distributed collection unit and dam safety data sent by each monitoring sensor via wired means.

[0012] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a monitoring center platform, which is used to receive dam safety data uploaded by wired and wireless means. When the dam safety data uploaded by wired or wireless means suddenly changes and lasts for a set time, the platform uses historical dam safety data before the sudden change and / or uses dam safety data collected in another way for comparison to determine whether the monitoring sensor corresponding to the sudden change in the dam safety data is faulty or the communication link is abnormal, or whether the dam is in danger, and issues corresponding warnings based on the judgment results.

[0013] Furthermore, the monitoring center platform uses the historical dam safety data before the mutation to compare, and the process is to calculate the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole within the set time before the fault based on the historical dam safety data before the mutation; when the mutation data exceeds the alarm threshold and the deviation between the mutation data and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole within the set time before the fault is greater than or equal to the set deviation value, it is judged that the monitoring sensor corresponding to the dam safety data of the mutation is faulty or the communication link is abnormal; when the mutation data exceeds the alarm threshold and the deviation between the mutation data and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole within the set time before the fault is less than the set deviation value, it is judged that the dam is in danger.

[0014] Furthermore, the monitoring center platform uses another method of dam safety data for comparison, and the process is to obtain the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two methods within the duration; when the dam safety data of the other method has not changed suddenly and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two methods is inconsistent within the duration, it is judged that the monitoring sensor corresponding to the sudden change of the dam safety data is faulty or the communication link is abnormal; when the dam safety data of the two methods remain consistent and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two methods is consistent within the duration, it is judged that the dam is in danger.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the present invention is a pioneering invention, which obtains dam safety data of each monitoring point uploaded by wired and wireless means. When mutation data is detected and the mutation persists for a period of time, a comparative analysis is performed based on the stored historical dam safety data and / or dam safety data in another manner, so as to timely determine the cause of the mutation, avoid misjudging data mutations caused by sensor failures and communication failures as dam dangers, thereby improving the accuracy of dam safety early warnings, and at the same time, can promptly remind staff to repair or replace equipment when monitoring sensor failures, and promptly remind staff to repair when communication links are abnormal, and can use data transmitted by normal communication links to make risk judgments, avoid the inability to accurately and timely obtain dam safety data due to communication failures, thereby improving the accuracy and real-time nature of dam safety monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of intelligent monitoring and early warning of dam safety according to the method implementation method of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the composition of the on-site monitoring equipment for dam safety according to the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the composition of the field monitoring equipment based on LoRa technology in an embodiment of the dam safety field monitoring equipment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment composition of a single monitoring point in an embodiment of the dam safety on-site monitoring equipment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the arrangement of seepage pressure monitoring point equipment in an embodiment of the dam safety on-site monitoring equipment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a top view of the arrangement of seepage pressure monitoring point equipment in an embodiment of the dam safety on-site monitoring equipment of the present invention; Reference numerals: 1 - first piezometer; 2 - second piezometer; 3 - pressure measuring tube; 4 - orifice protection box; 5 - LoRa antenna; 6 - solar power supply system; 7 - waterproof lock; 8 - distributed collection unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] The present invention transmits dam safety data by integrating wired and wireless modes, and performs judgment and analysis on the transmitted data, thereby improving the accuracy and real-time performance of dam safety monitoring.

[0019] Method implementation The intelligent monitoring and early warning method for dam safety of the present invention realizes real-time monitoring, intelligent analysis and early warning of seepage and / or seepage pressure of small reservoir dams by integrating wired and wireless communication technologies, thereby improving the level of reservoir safety management. Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: 1. Collect dam safety data from each monitoring point.

[0020] Multiple monitoring points are set up along the dam body, including seepage pressure monitoring points and seepage flow monitoring points. Each monitoring point is equipped with a corresponding pressure measuring tube, each equipped with a monitoring sensor to collect dam safety data at the monitoring point. The monitoring sensor is a seepage pressure sensor or a seepage flow sensor, and the dam safety data includes seepage pressure data or seepage flow data. The seepage flow monitoring module uses a seepage meter or a water weir to monitor the dam body's seepage data, i.e., the seepage volume, in real time. The seepage pressure monitoring module uses an osmometer to monitor the dam body's seepage pressure data, i.e., the seepage pressure, in real time.

[0021] 2. At each monitoring point, the collected dam safety data will be uploaded via wired and wireless methods.

[0022] Distributed collection units are deployed at monitoring points, and the wireless communication modules of the distributed collection units are used to upload dam safety data. Specifically, the distributed collection units adopt a low-power design and are primarily used to acquire and process data collected by piezometers or weir meters. They include a data collection module and a wireless communication module. The data collection module is used to acquire and process dam safety data collected by monitoring sensors at the monitoring points, converting the monitoring sensor data into data in the format of the wireless communication module. The wireless communication module is used to wirelessly enable the distributed collection units to interact with the convergence unit or monitoring center platform, and to wirelessly upload the dam safety data processed by the data collection module. When the wireless transmission module uses LoRa technology, the wireless transmission module includes a distributed collection unit and a LoRa gateway, and the wireless communication module of the distributed collection unit is a LoRa communication module. The distributed collection unit also includes a debugging module for wirelessly debugging the monitoring point equipment, which can be implemented using a Bluetooth communication module.

[0023] 3. Receive dam safety data sent by wired and wireless means, and analyze the dam safety data sent by wired and wireless means.

[0024] In one embodiment, a monitoring sensor is provided in each monitoring point, and the dam safety data collected by the monitoring sensor is uploaded via wired and wireless modes.

[0025] In another embodiment, two monitoring sensors of the same type are provided in each monitoring point, wherein the dam safety data collected by one monitoring sensor is transmitted via a wired manner, and the dam safety data collected by the other monitoring sensor is transmitted via a wireless manner.

[0026] AI algorithms are used to fuse and analyze data to identify abnormal seepage and pressure conditions. When monitored dam safety data exceeds preset alarm thresholds or detects an abnormality, an early warning is automatically issued. The analysis process includes the following: When dam safety data uploaded via wired or wireless means undergoes a sudden change and persists for a set period of time, it is compared with historical dam safety data prior to the sudden change and / or with dam safety data collected via another method to determine whether the sudden change in dam safety data indicates a faulty monitoring sensor or an abnormal communication link, or whether the dam is in danger. Based on this determination, a corresponding early warning is issued. Early warning thresholds include seepage pressure and seepage thresholds, with the seepage and pressure alarm thresholds set based on historical data and dam design parameters.

[0027] The specific AI algorithm model is: AI-based equipment fault diagnosis and reservoir risk identification - using machine learning models to predict front-end equipment failures or risks. A detailed explanation is provided below.

[0028] When the dam safety data uploaded by wired or wireless means suddenly changes and lasts for a set time, the process of comparing the data with the historical dam safety data before the sudden change is as follows: the rate of change of the water level in the pressure hole within the set time before the fault is calculated based on the historical dam safety data before the sudden change; when the sudden change data exceeds the alarm threshold and the deviation between the sudden change data and the rate of change of the water level in the pressure hole within the set time before the fault is greater than or equal to the set deviation value, it is determined that the monitoring sensor corresponding to the sudden change of the dam safety data is faulty or the communication link is abnormal, and the platform sends a text message or platform notification to the equipment operation and maintenance unit to repair or replace the equipment or communication link; when the sudden change data exceeds the alarm threshold and the deviation between the sudden change data and the rate of change of the water level in the pressure hole within the set time before the fault is less than the set deviation value, it is determined that the dam is in danger, and the platform sends a text message or platform notification to the reservoir management personnel where the dam is located for on-site review, and can trigger the front-end sound and light alarm system, and notify the operation and management unit to continue to pay attention to the reservoir condition and take necessary measures to eliminate the danger in a timely manner.

[0029] When the dam safety data sent by wired or wireless mode suddenly changes and lasts for a set time, after calibrating the wired and wireless data, the dam safety data of the other mode is used for comparison: the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two modes within the duration is obtained; when the dam safety data of the other mode does not suddenly change and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two modes within the duration is inconsistent, it is judged that the monitoring sensor corresponding to the sudden change of the dam safety data is faulty or the communication link is abnormal, and the platform sends a text message or platform notification to the equipment operation and maintenance unit to repair or replace the equipment or communication link; when the dam safety data of the two modes are consistent and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two modes is consistent within the duration, it is judged that the dam is in danger, and the platform sends a text message and platform notification to the reservoir management personnel where the dam is located for on-site review, and can trigger the front-end sound and light alarm system, and notify the operation and management unit to continue to pay attention to the reservoir situation and take necessary measures to eliminate the danger to the reservoir in a timely manner.

[0030] For example, two identical piezometers are installed at each monitoring point. One piezometer collects dam safety data via a wired connection, while the other collects wireless data. If the dam safety data from one piezometer experiences a sudden change that persists for a set period of time, the system then obtains the dam safety data from the other piezometer and the rate of change of the water level in the piezometer hole during the duration of the sudden change. If the other piezometer also experiences a sudden change, and the rate of change of the water level in the piezometer hole during the duration of the sudden change is consistent with that of the one that experienced the sudden change, the system determines that the dam is in danger. If the other piezometer does not experience a sudden change, and the rate of change of the water level in the piezometer hole during the duration of the sudden change is inconsistent with that of the one that experienced the sudden change, the system determines that the piezometer is faulty or the communication link is abnormal.

[0031] Since the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole is not constant, it needs to be comprehensively judged based on different factors such as the dam material and reservoir water level. Therefore, the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole can be obtained using the machine learning AI model.

[0032] The method also includes visually displaying the monitored dam safety data and analysis results in the form of charts and / or maps, and supports remote control and parameter setting of dam on-site monitoring equipment (including monitoring sensors and distributed acquisition units).

[0033] Implementation methods of dam safety on-site monitoring equipment A dam safety on-site monitoring device of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes pressure measuring tubes, monitoring sensors, data acquisition and transmission modules and data transmission networks.

[0034] Each monitoring point is equipped with a pressure gauge tube, inside which monitoring sensors are placed. The data acquisition and transmission module is responsible for collecting dam safety data collected by the monitoring sensors and transmitting it to the monitoring center platform via wired or wireless means. The data transmission network includes wired and wireless transmission modules. The wired transmission module uses a four-core shielded cable to transmit dam safety data via wired means, achieving stable wired transmission of dam safety data. The wireless transmission module uses low-power wide area network technologies such as LoRa or NB-IoT to achieve wireless remote transmission of dam safety data, capable of covering dam monitoring in remote areas and complex terrain.

[0035] The distributed data collection unit (DCU) utilizes a low-power design and is primarily used to acquire and process data collected by piezometers or weir meters. It comprises a data acquisition module and a wireless communication module. The data acquisition module acquires and processes dam safety data collected by sensors at monitoring points, converting the sensor data into data formatted for the wireless communication module. The wireless communication module wirelessly connects the DCU to a convergence unit or monitoring center platform, transmitting the processed dam safety data wirelessly. When the wireless transmission module utilizes LoRa technology, the wireless transmission module comprises a distributed data collection unit and a LoRa gateway. The wireless communication module of the distributed data collection unit is a LoRa communication module. The distributed data collection unit also includes a debugging module for wireless debugging of monitoring point equipment, which can be implemented using a Bluetooth communication module.

[0036] Specifically, the wireless transmission module includes a distributed collection unit. After the distributed collection unit obtains the dam safety data collected by the monitoring sensor, the dam safety data is sent up wirelessly.

[0037] In one embodiment, a monitoring sensor is provided on the pressure measuring tube in each monitoring point, and the monitoring sensor is respectively connected to the wired communication module and the distributed acquisition unit.

[0038] In another embodiment, two monitoring sensors of the same type are installed in each pressure measuring tube at each monitoring point, one of which is connected to a wired communication module, and the other to a distributed data acquisition unit. To prevent collisions between the monitoring sensors, the two monitoring sensors are arranged in layers.

[0039] like Figure 3As shown, when the monitoring center platform is far from the dam, the on-site monitoring equipment is also equipped with a convergence unit. This unit connects the wired communication module and the distributed collection units, receiving dam safety data transmitted wirelessly by the distributed collection units and wired data from the monitoring sensors. Each monitoring point receives dam safety data from the piezometer or weir gauge via the distributed collection unit and transmits this data wirelessly via the LoRa ad hoc network to the convergence unit. The convergence unit also connects to the monitoring sensors via cables and can be connected to an audible and visual alarm module. Dam safety data collected by the piezometer or weir gauge at each monitoring point is also transmitted directly to the convergence unit via wired communication. The convergence unit receives both wired and wireless dam safety data and transmits this data wirelessly (4G / 5G) to the monitoring center platform for further analysis and processing.

[0040] The on-site monitoring equipment also includes a power supply module that provides working power to the monitoring point equipment. Figure 4 As shown, each monitoring point is equipped with a power supply module, which consists of a piezometer or weir meter, a distributed data acquisition unit, and a power supply module. The power supply module includes a charge and discharge controller and a power supply, which mainly includes solar panels and batteries, providing multiple power supply methods and improving power supply reliability.

[0041] The specific deployment of monitoring points is as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, taking seepage pressure monitoring as an example, each seepage pressure monitoring point includes a first osmometer 1, a second osmometer 2, a piezometer 3, an orifice protection box 4, a LoRa antenna 5, a solar power supply system 6, a waterproof lock 7, and a distributed data acquisition unit 8. The first and second piezometers 1 and 2 are used to monitor the water level within the orifice, while the piezometer 3 primarily provides a stable pressure measurement environment to facilitate subsequent data collection and analysis. The orifice protection box 4 primarily houses the solar power supply system and distributed data acquisition terminal, providing some protection for the equipment and a stable measurement environment. The LoRa antenna 5 is primarily used for networking the distributed data acquisition terminal, while the solar power supply system 6 provides power for single-point measurements. The distributed data acquisition unit 8 is fixed within the orifice protection box 4 to better protect the reliable operation of the equipment.

[0042] Monitoring center platform implementation method A monitoring center platform of the present invention includes a data receiving and storage module, a data analysis and warning module, a visualization display module, and a remote control module. The monitoring center platform is used to receive dam safety data transmitted via wired or wireless means, analyze the received data, and issue warnings. The platform comprises a data receiving and storage module, a data analysis and warning module, a visualization display module, and a remote control module. The data receiving and storage module receives and stores data from on-site monitoring equipment. The data analysis and warning module uses an AI algorithm to perform real-time fusion analysis on the received data, identifying abnormal seepage and pressure conditions. When the monitored dam safety data exceeds a preset alarm threshold or an abnormal condition is identified, it automatically issues a warning. The analysis process includes comparing the data with historical dam safety data prior to the sudden change and / or with dam safety data collected via another method when a sudden change in the dam safety data transmitted via wired or wireless means persists for a set period of time. This analysis determines whether the sudden change in the dam safety data indicates a faulty monitoring sensor, a communication link abnormality, or a dangerous dam situation. Based on this determination, a warning is issued accordingly. Warning thresholds include seepage pressure and flow alarm thresholds, which are set based on historical data and dam design parameters. Warnings are issued via at least one of audible and visual alarms, SMS notifications, and notifications from the monitoring center platform. The visualization module displays monitoring data and analysis results in charts, maps, and other formats. The remote control module allows for remote control and parameter setting of on-site monitoring equipment.

[0043] The specific AI algorithm model is: AI equipment fault diagnosis and reservoir risk identification - using machine learning models to predict front-end equipment failures or risks. Detailed description is provided below.

[0044] When the dam safety data uploaded by wired or wireless means suddenly changes and lasts for a set time, the process of comparing the data with the historical dam safety data before the sudden change is as follows: the rate of change of the water level in the pressure hole within the set time before the fault is calculated based on the historical dam safety data before the sudden change; when the sudden change data exceeds the alarm threshold and the deviation between the sudden change data and the rate of change of the water level in the pressure hole within the set time before the fault is greater than or equal to the set deviation value, it is determined that the monitoring sensor corresponding to the sudden change of the dam safety data is faulty or the communication link is abnormal, and the platform sends a text message or platform notification to the equipment operation and maintenance unit to repair or replace the equipment or communication link; when the sudden change data exceeds the alarm threshold and the deviation between the sudden change data and the rate of change of the water level in the pressure hole within the set time before the fault is less than the set deviation value, it is determined that the dam is in danger, and the platform sends a text message or platform notification to the reservoir management personnel where the dam is located for on-site review, and can trigger the front-end sound and light alarm system, and notify the operation and management unit to continue to pay attention to the reservoir condition and take necessary measures to eliminate the danger in a timely manner.

[0045] When the dam safety data sent by wired or wireless mode suddenly changes and lasts for a set time, after calibrating the wired and wireless data, the dam safety data of the other mode is used for comparison: the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two modes within the duration is obtained; when the dam safety data of the other mode does not suddenly change and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two modes within the duration is inconsistent, it is judged that the monitoring sensor corresponding to the sudden change of the dam safety data is faulty or the communication link is abnormal, and the platform sends a text message or platform notification to the equipment operation and maintenance unit to repair or replace the equipment or communication link; when the dam safety data of the two modes are consistent and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two modes is consistent within the duration, it is judged that the dam is in danger, and the platform sends a text message and platform notification to the reservoir management personnel where the dam is located for on-site review, and can trigger the front-end sound and light alarm system, and notify the operation and management unit to continue to pay attention to the reservoir situation and take necessary measures to eliminate the danger to the reservoir in a timely manner.

[0046] This system collects dam safety data, such as dam body seepage and pressure data, in real time. It integrates and analyzes this data, transmitted via wired and wireless methods, improving data transmission stability and enabling timely identification of safety hazards. Utilizing AI technology to analyze monitored dam safety data further enhances the accuracy and timeliness of early warnings, enabling automated early warnings. Monitoring data and analysis results are intuitively displayed in charts and maps, allowing users to easily understand dam seepage and pressure conditions. Furthermore, it enables remote control and parameter setting of on-site monitoring equipment, improving system operation and maintenance efficiency.

Claims

1. A dam safety intelligent monitoring and early warning method, characterized in that: include: At each monitoring point, the collected dam safety data will be uploaded via wired and wireless methods; The wireless method refers to deploying distributed collection units at monitoring points and using their wireless communication modules to transmit dam safety data; dam safety data includes seepage pressure data or seepage flow data; When the dam safety data uploaded by wired or wireless means suddenly changes and lasts for a set period of time, it is compared with the historical dam safety data before the sudden change and / or with the dam safety data collected by another method to determine whether the monitoring sensor corresponding to the sudden change in the dam safety data is faulty or the communication link is abnormal, or whether the dam is in danger, and a corresponding warning is issued based on the judgment result.

2. The dam safety intelligent monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The process of comparing with the historical dam safety data before the mutation occurs is to calculate the rate of change of the water level in the pressure hole within the set time before the fault based on the historical dam safety data before the mutation occurs; when the mutation data exceeds the alarm threshold and the deviation between the mutation data and the rate of change of the water level in the pressure hole within the set time before the fault is greater than or equal to the set deviation value, it is judged that the monitoring sensor corresponding to the dam safety data of the mutation is faulty or the communication link is abnormal; when the mutation data exceeds the alarm threshold and the deviation between the mutation data and the rate of change of the water level in the pressure hole within the set time before the fault is less than the set deviation value, it is judged that the dam is in danger.

3. The dam safety intelligent monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The process of comparing the dam safety data using another method is to obtain the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two methods within the duration; when the dam safety data of the other method does not change suddenly and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two methods is inconsistent within the duration, it is judged that the monitoring sensor corresponding to the sudden change of the dam safety data is faulty or the communication link is abnormal; when the dam safety data of the two methods are consistent and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two methods is consistent within the duration, it is judged that the dam is in danger.

4. The dam safety intelligent monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A monitoring sensor is set in each monitoring point, and the dam safety data collected by the monitoring sensor is sent up via wired and wireless modes respectively; or two monitoring sensors of the same type are set in each monitoring point, and the dam safety data collected by one monitoring sensor is sent up via wired mode, and the dam safety data collected by the other monitoring sensor is sent up via wireless mode.

5. A dam safety on-site monitoring device, comprising a pressure measuring tube, a monitoring sensor, and a wired transmission module. The pressure measuring tube is provided at each monitoring point. The monitoring sensor is provided in the pressure measuring tube and includes a seepage pressure sensor or a seepage flow sensor for collecting dam safety data at the monitoring point. The wired transmission module is used to transmit the dam safety data via a wired manner. The device is characterized in that: It also includes a distributed acquisition unit, which includes a data acquisition module and a wireless communication module. The data acquisition module is used to obtain and process the dam safety data collected by the monitoring sensors in the monitoring point, and the wireless communication module is used to upload the dam safety data processed by the data acquisition module via wireless means.

6. The dam safety on-site monitoring equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A monitoring sensor is set in the pressure measuring tube in each monitoring point, and the monitoring sensor is respectively connected to the wired communication module and the distributed acquisition unit; or two monitoring sensors of the same type are set in the pressure measuring tube in each monitoring point, one of which is connected to the wired communication module and the other is connected to the distributed acquisition unit.

7. The dam safety on-site monitoring equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The on-site monitoring equipment also includes a convergence unit, which is connected to the wired communication module and each distributed collection unit, and is used to receive dam safety data sent wirelessly by each distributed collection unit and dam safety data sent by each monitoring sensor via wired mode.

8. A monitoring center platform, characterized in that: The monitoring center platform is used to receive dam safety data uploaded via wired and wireless methods. When the dam safety data uploaded via wired or wireless methods suddenly changes and lasts for a set time, it is compared with the historical dam safety data before the sudden change, and / or with the dam safety data collected in another way to determine whether the monitoring sensor corresponding to the sudden change in the dam safety data is faulty or the communication link is abnormal, or whether the dam is in danger, and a corresponding warning is issued based on the judgment result.

9. The monitoring center platform according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of the monitoring center platform using the historical dam safety data before the mutation to compare is as follows: calculating the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole within the set time before the fault based on the historical dam safety data before the mutation; when the mutation data exceeds the alarm threshold and the deviation between the mutation data and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole within the set time before the fault is greater than or equal to the set deviation value, it is judged that the monitoring sensor corresponding to the dam safety data of the mutation is faulty or the communication link is abnormal; when the mutation data exceeds the alarm threshold and the deviation between the mutation data and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole within the set time before the fault is less than the set deviation value, it is judged that the dam is in danger.

10. The monitoring center platform according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of the monitoring center platform using the dam safety data of another method for comparison is to obtain the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two methods within the duration; when the dam safety data of the other method has not changed suddenly and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two methods is inconsistent within the duration, it is judged that the monitoring sensor corresponding to the sudden change of the dam safety data is faulty or the communication link is abnormal; when the dam safety data of the two methods are consistent and the water level change rate in the pressure measuring hole of the two methods is consistent within the duration, it is judged that the dam is in danger.

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